treatments-xml/data/03/85/87/038587C97423AA6946D2FF64FE82064D.xml

<document id="82C110DD5D08B6310F579E4BCA2F9676" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1868.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5133591" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627158332512" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dennis, D. Steve, Barnes, Jeffrey K. &amp; Knutson, Lloyd" docDate="2008" docId="038587C97423AA6946D2FF64FE82064D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01868p098.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1868 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1868.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Proctacanthus hinei Bromley 1928" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="FFBCFFB1746FAA244645FFF3FFED074F" masterDocTitle="Pupal cases of Nearctic robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="77" updateTime="1699021410005" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="ECF223AFAF64D9E9CC2F3793E333A0A0">Pupal cases of Nearctic robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="94C03CDDAE102777EEDCD5F419E84E93">Dennis, D. Steve</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E0583485C91ACFD9B92A88CFA93DFF24">Barnes, Jeffrey K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5C4194431490F210962702952ACB956C">Knutson, Lloyd</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number id="240376E7AB996112953F5622C00BD647">1868</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA6846D2FF64FE1307FE" blockId="76.[151,510,151,212]" box="[151,510,151,177]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C7423AA6846D2FF64FE1307FE" ID-CoL="4MPMS" authority="Bromley" authorityName="Bromley" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,510,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Proctacanthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hinei">
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<emphasis id="B958EACD7423AA6846D2FF64FE6607FE" bold="true" box="[151,395,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Proctacanthus hinei</emphasis>
Bromley
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA6846D2FF49FEC0079B" blockId="76.[151,510,151,212]" box="[151,301,186,212]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
(
<figureCitation id="13172A5A7423AA6846DAFF49FEC8079B" box="[159,293,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 46–48" captionStartId="75.[151,269,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,841,1921]" captionTargetId="figure-241@75.[153,1437,837,1930]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 46–48. Proctacanthus hinei Bromley, 47. ventral view, 48. lateral view, 49. dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5133638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5133638/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Figs 46–48</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA6846D2FEF9FAA10603" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<materialsCitation id="3B443C827423AA6846D2FEF9FAA10603" collectorName="Charles A. Triplehorn Insect Collection" location="Ohio State" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ohio">
The following description is based on a male pupal case with associated pinned adult from the 
<collectorName id="26D953097423AA6842ACFEF9FE2C0603" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Charles A. Triplehorn Insect Collection</collectorName>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49E8F83D7423AA684788FEC1FDA40603" box="[461,585,306,332]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Ohio State</collectingRegion>
University. It is labeled &quot;Sandusky, O., Cedar Point; July 13–03.&quot;
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA684680FEA9FE5D055B" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
Description: Greatest length, including anterior antennal processes, 28.0mm; greatest width of thorax 6.0 mm; greatest width of abdomen, 
<quantity id="4CD49B3A7423AA68445DFE71FD9906D3" box="[536,628,386,412]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
, tapering to 2.0 mm at greatest width of abdominal segment 8. Integument subshining, golden brown; wing sheath slightly darker apically; spines and other processes glistening reddish brown, darker apically except for uniformly colored dorsal abdominal spines; bristle­like spines yellowish to yellowish red.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA684680FDD1FD4004EB" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Head with pair of short, dorsally flattened, ventrally wedge­shaped, anterior antennal processes not joined at base and group of 3 basally fused, apically pointed, posterior antennal processes that are longer than anterior processes, located ventrolaterally on each side; middle and outer posterior processes subequal, longer than inner posterior process, curved posteriorly, fused for greater distance and slightly closer together than inner posterior process; inner posterior process apically curved posteriorly; outer posterior process with small, oval, flattened area on outer side basally toward dorsum. Labral sheath with inverted V­shaped rugoseness, slight apical keel, and median ridge along entire length. Proboscial sheath swollen and bulbous posteriorly, with large, swollen, rugose areas on each side of median shallow groove; with small tubercle at apex and smaller tubercles at base of sheath. Maxillary sheath rugose on inner margin, lacking apical processes, slightly swollen and very rugose just anterior to apex.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA684680FC41FC1F027B" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Anterior coxal sheath smooth to irregularly rugulose, with shallow pit on each side of midline just posterior to proboscial sheath; with anterior, median, longitudinal split. Prothoracic spiracle elongate­oval, on small, rounded, rugulose callosity, situated midlaterally at anterior margin of thorax. Anterior mesothoracic spines consisting of pair of long, narrow, posteriorly curved, apically pointed spines above base of sheath of mid legs; posterior spine slightly longer and wider than anterior spine. Posterior mesothoracic callosity large, rugose, with apically rounded to acute posterior mesothoracic spine; spine dark reddish brown at margin; callosity with anteromedian swelling and 2 lateral swellings toward dorsum. Wing sheath irregularly rugulose, with basal swelling directly below posterior mesothoracic callosity and 4 median, small tubercle­like swellings. Thoracic area above wing sheath irregularly rugulose. Apex of hind leg sheath reaching between posterior margin of abdominal segment 2 and middle of abdominal segment 3.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA684680FAB1FB3E0213" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" box="[197,1235,1346,1372]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Abdominal spiracles semi­circular, light reddish brown, elevated along midline laterally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA684680FA99FE55029B" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Abdominal segment 1 with dorsal transverse row of 20 long, recurved spurs and 2 short median spurs; dorsolateral bristle­like spines absent; with 4 lateral bristle­like spines behind each spiracle; venter obscured by wing and leg sheaths.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA684680FA11FB230103" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Segments 2–5 with 1–2 (usually 1) short, outer, dorsal spines and transverse row of 7 long, recurved spurs alternating with 5–6 short, straight spines; with pair of short, median spines; other short spines often bifurcate or trifurcate; short spines placed slightly anterior to long spurs, becoming longer posteriorly.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA684680F9A9FEDB01A3" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Segments 6–7 similar to 2–5, but short spines not furcate, and both spurs and spines more bristle­like. Segments 2–5 and 6–7 with 6–7 and 10–12 dorsolateral bristle­like spines, respectively; spines usually long, straight to slightly recurved; segments 2–7 with 8–13 long, mostly straight, lateral bristle­like spines behind each spiracle.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA684680F909FB9A0073" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Segment 2 with 14–16 ventral bristle­like spines on each side of and extending under hind leg sheaths; segments 3–6 and 7 with 40–43 and 28 long, ventral bristle­like spines, respectively.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA684680F8B9FAB600C3" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Segment 8 lacking dorsal spurs, with small spiracle at midline laterally, with 8–10 lateral bristle­like spines on each side and 13–16 ventral bristle­like spines on each side of midline curved toward midline.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF7423AA694680F869FE82064D" blockId="76.[151,1438,266,2012]" lastBlockId="77.[151,1433,152,258]" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Segment 9 with pair of short, narrow, straight, dorsal posterolateral processes on fairly large callosities, shallow lateromedian pit, and small lateral callosity; ventral posterolateral process absent; pair of rugose ven­ tral posterolateral callosities; pair of large, widely separated, reddish­brown, ventral tubercles with small lateral callosity on each side; pair of ventromedian rugose callosities anterior to tubercles; remainder of segment irregularly rugose.</paragraph>
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