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<document id="AB032DAD8CB2DD216C1512EB53C845BE" ID-ISSN="1732-2421" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="karina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1723061606893" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Stolarski, Jarosław" docDate="2003" docId="655580222366FFDF3F730454FB2E9179" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaPalaeontolPol.48.4.497-530.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 48 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37.1:ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37" docStyleName="ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Ceratotrochus magnaghii Cecchini 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="508" masterDocId="996CF85A236DFFD43C5F0678FFFD9735" masterDocTitle="Three-dimensional micro- and nanostructural characteristics of the scleractinian coral skeleton: A biocalcification proxy" masterLastPageNumber="530" masterPageNumber="497" pageNumber="508" updateTime="1724877502634" updateUser="karina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="8E54E2CEF19F5C774094F382F42040F9">Three-dimensional micro- and nanostructural characteristics of the scleractinian coral skeleton: A biocalcification proxy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FABC406FA79F47038C359F6C60587C8A">Stolarski, Jarosław</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FA699B26DEE015AC7D8489B425526CC7">Acta Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="953F028EC3B5A797D1F862B2585C0CC2">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B05F891ED0755594347AA68F0E1657F8">2003-11-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="89680941F6028FFA6E3AFFF8A28DA1C3">4</mods:number>
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<treatment id="655580222366FFDF3F730454FB2E9179" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:655580222366FFDF3F730454FB2E9179" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/655580222366FFDF3F730454FB2E9179" lastPageNumber="508" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<subSubSection id="A5E662BF2366FFDF3F730454FA9E957C" box="[812,1379,556,585]" pageId="11" pageNumber="508" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="ED4331342366FFDF3F730454FA9E957C" blockId="11.[812,1379,556,585]" box="[812,1379,556,585]" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<heading id="B60B86582366FFDF3F730454FA9E957C" box="[812,1379,556,585]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="508" reason="9">
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<emphasis id="DF88ED262366FFDF3F730454FCC5957C" box="[812,824,556,585]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">“</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2AFC4AB72366FFDF3F670454FA9E957C" ID-CoL="SQHV" authority="Cecchini, 1914" authorityName="Cecchini" authorityYear="1914" box="[824,1379,556,585]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Ceratotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="11" pageNumber="508" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="magnaghii">
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<emphasis id="DF88ED262366FFDF3F670454FB67957C" box="[824,1178,556,585]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">Ceratotrochus” magnaghii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="896D4CC52366FFDF38FE0454FA9E957C" author="Cecchini, C." box="[1185,1379,556,585]" pageId="11" pageNumber="508" pagination="151 - 152" refId="ref22886" refString="Cecchini, C. 1914. Su due nuovi Turbinolidae del Mediterraneo (diagnosi preliminari). Monitore Zoologico Italiano 25: 151 - 152." type="journal article" year="1914">Cecchini, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A5E662BF2366FFDF3F730424FB2E9179" pageId="11" pageNumber="508" type="description">
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<paragraph id="ED4331342366FFDF3F730424FAA994E1" blockId="11.[812,1486,604,980]" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<emphasis id="DF88ED262366FFDF3F730424FC499541" box="[812,948,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">Morphology</emphasis>
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.—Overall, septa of “
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<taxonomicName id="2AFC4AB72366FFDF38C30424FAC09541" authorityName="Cecchini" authorityYear="1914" box="[1180,1341,604,628]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Ceratotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="11" pageNumber="508" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="magnaghii">
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<emphasis id="DF88ED262366FFDF38C30424FB489546" box="[1180,1205,604,627]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">C.</emphasis>
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”
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<emphasis id="DF88ED262366FFDF38980424FAC09541" box="[1223,1341,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">magnaghii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have smooth distal margins as in
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<taxonomicName id="2AFC4AB72366FFDF38590404FB7F95A1" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1977" box="[1030,1154,636,660]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="11" pageNumber="508" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paliferus">
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<emphasis id="DF88ED262366FFDF38590404FB7F95A1" box="[1030,1154,636,660]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">S. paliferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis id="DF88ED262366FFDF38E70404FAC295A1" box="[1208,1343,636,660]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<taxonomicName id="2AFC4AB72366FFDF38E70404FAC695A1" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1794" box="[1208,1339,636,660]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Desmophyllum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="11" pageNumber="508" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dianthus">D. dianthus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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However, in contrast to the previous two species, they remain nearly completely smooth, even in much higher magnification (
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF393604C4FA4395E1" box="[1385,1470,700,724]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[102,136,1807,1826]" captionTargetBox="[102,1485,240,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[102,1486,240,1202]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 8. “Ceratotrochus” magnaghii Cecchini, 1914. A. ZPALH.23/4 in oblique view (A 1); distal septal edge enlarged in A2. A3. “Patches of microcrystals” at growing septal edge (RAF). B. ZPALH.23/5. Polished and etched septum sectioned transversely with dRAF that appear to be com − posed of homogenous “microcrystalline" material, SEM micrograph. C. TL M (C1, C2) and MFM (C3) micrographs of longitudinally sectioned septum ZPALH.23/6 in RAF plane. Organic and mineral phases regularly alternate (grayscale enlargement in C 2); brownish organic dRAF components (C1) stained with acridine orange, fluoresce (C2) with bright−green light. Seemingly homogenous dRAF in transverse section (B), sectioned longitudinally is composed of elongated units spaced ca. 5–7 µm (red arrows in C1). Growth direction of septum indicates black arrow. A. Recent, deep−water specimen, SEAMOUNT 2 cruise, Stat. DW 279, 33°55.60’N, 28°23.70’W, 805 m. B, C. Recent, shallow−water specimen from Mediterranean (Marseille, Riou−Grand Conglu submarine cave), 50 m." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF39E204BEFA3B95E2" box="[1469,1478,710,727]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,134,1135,1154]" captionTargetBox="[102,1483,228,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-474@3.[102,1483,228,1104]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Stephanocyathuspaliferus Cairns, 1977. ZPALH.23/1 (originally NMNH 46443 lot). Recent, south of Bonaire, 11°18.8’N, 68°22’W, 384–607 m. Pills sta. P−753. July 26, 1968. A–C. Distal (A), lateral (B), and proximal (C) views of corallum. D, E. SEM of septa and paliform lobes. D. Arrow indicates portion of septum enlarged on E. E. “Patches of microcrystals” (fasciculi of Wise 1972) at the growing septal edge here called the Rapid Acretion Front (RAF)." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<subScript id="717833712366FFDF39E204BEFA3B95E2" attach="left" box="[1469,1478,710,727]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">1</subScript>
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</figureCitation>
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, A
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<subScript id="717833712366FFDF3F1F049EFCB495C2" attach="left" box="[832,841,742,759]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">2</subScript>
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). SEM enlargement of distal septal margins shows their smooth surface, which is not differentiated into “patches” or tubercles. Similarly to e.g.,
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<taxonomicName id="2AFC4AB72366FFDF38390564FB189401" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1977" box="[1126,1253,796,820]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="11" pageNumber="508" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paliferus">
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<emphasis id="DF88ED262366FFDF38390564FB189401" box="[1126,1253,796,820]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">S. paliferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the structure of the septal margin regular “grains” ca.
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<quantity id="2A049CD12366FFDF38F40544FB059461" box="[1195,1272,828,852]" metricMagnitude="-7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="508" unit="nm" value="500.0">500nm</quantity>
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in diameter can be distinguished (
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF3F910524FBD99441" box="[974,1060,860,884]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[102,136,1807,1826]" captionTargetBox="[102,1485,240,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[102,1486,240,1202]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 8. “Ceratotrochus” magnaghii Cecchini, 1914. A. ZPALH.23/4 in oblique view (A 1); distal septal edge enlarged in A2. A3. “Patches of microcrystals” at growing septal edge (RAF). B. ZPALH.23/5. Polished and etched septum sectioned transversely with dRAF that appear to be com − posed of homogenous “microcrystalline" material, SEM micrograph. C. TL M (C1, C2) and MFM (C3) micrographs of longitudinally sectioned septum ZPALH.23/6 in RAF plane. Organic and mineral phases regularly alternate (grayscale enlargement in C 2); brownish organic dRAF components (C1) stained with acridine orange, fluoresce (C2) with bright−green light. Seemingly homogenous dRAF in transverse section (B), sectioned longitudinally is composed of elongated units spaced ca. 5–7 µm (red arrows in C1). Growth direction of septum indicates black arrow. A. Recent, deep−water specimen, SEAMOUNT 2 cruise, Stat. DW 279, 33°55.60’N, 28°23.70’W, 805 m. B, C. Recent, shallow−water specimen from Mediterranean (Marseille, Riou−Grand Conglu submarine cave), 50 m." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF387B051EFBD09442" box="[1060,1069,870,887]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[102,135,1815,1834]" captionText="Fig. 3. Stephanocyathus paliferus Cairns 1977. ZPALH.23/1. Locality data as in Fig. 1. SEM of polished and etched septal sections. A, B. Septum transversely sectioned with two distinct zones: dRAF and layers of TD. dRAF, as viewed from this perspective, may be considered to consists of homogenous zone of “microcrystals” (only crystal tips visible; see enlargement in B) and this interpretation traditionally prevailed. C, D. Septum longitudinally sectioned in RAF plane (growth direction of septum indicated by black arrow in C). C. Dissolved/etched components of dRAF form pattern of longitudinal (horizontal in photo) “strands”, occasionally separated by small ridges (asterisk); wrinkles of adjacent “strands” form in places pronounced “rollers” (black dots). D. Enlarged “strand” with alternations of wider, domed cavities (larger arrows) and narrow ridges (small arrows) that match organic and, respectively, mineral phases alternations in Fig. 2E, F. E–H. Sections perpendicular to septal blade. Fibrous layers continue between dRAF and TD desposits (arrows in F–H)." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<subScript id="717833712366FFDF387B051EFBD09442" attach="left" box="[1060,1069,870,887]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">3</subScript>
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</figureCitation>
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). The generally straight course of the ca. 15 µm wide distal septal margin may show a gently zigzaging deviation towards granules on the septal flanks. Except for granulations, the septal surface is smooth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED4331342366FFDF3F730590FC2193F5" blockId="11.[812,1485,1000,1216]" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<emphasis id="DF88ED262366FFDF3F730590FBF694CA" box="[812,1035,1000,1023]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">Transverse sections</emphasis>
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.—Two zones of different etching relief can be distinguished in SEM view of sections made approximately in half of S1 (
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF384B0250FB969375" box="[1044,1131,1064,1088]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[102,136,1807,1826]" captionTargetBox="[102,1485,240,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[102,1486,240,1202]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 8. “Ceratotrochus” magnaghii Cecchini, 1914. A. ZPALH.23/4 in oblique view (A 1); distal septal edge enlarged in A2. A3. “Patches of microcrystals” at growing septal edge (RAF). B. ZPALH.23/5. Polished and etched septum sectioned transversely with dRAF that appear to be com − posed of homogenous “microcrystalline" material, SEM micrograph. C. TL M (C1, C2) and MFM (C3) micrographs of longitudinally sectioned septum ZPALH.23/6 in RAF plane. Organic and mineral phases regularly alternate (grayscale enlargement in C 2); brownish organic dRAF components (C1) stained with acridine orange, fluoresce (C2) with bright−green light. Seemingly homogenous dRAF in transverse section (B), sectioned longitudinally is composed of elongated units spaced ca. 5–7 µm (red arrows in C1). Growth direction of septum indicates black arrow. A. Recent, deep−water specimen, SEAMOUNT 2 cruise, Stat. DW 279, 33°55.60’N, 28°23.70’W, 805 m. B, C. Recent, shallow−water specimen from Mediterranean (Marseille, Riou−Grand Conglu submarine cave), 50 m." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
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): (1) a homogenous dRAF zone ca. 15 µm wide that has negative etching relief, and (2) TD zone of overall positive relief, except for the borders between bundles of fibers that are distributed more or less regularly every 7–10 µm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED4331342366FFDF3F7302ABFB2E9179" blockId="11.[812,1485,1235,1615]" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<emphasis id="DF88ED262366FFDF3F7302ABFB8C93DE" box="[812,1137,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">Longitudinal−radial sections</emphasis>
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.—In contrast to a seemingly homogenous structure of dRAF zone as seen in SEM, longitudinal sections in the RAF plane reveal very narrow strands, ca. 5 µm wide and approximately parallel to each other but arranged fanwise in the plane of the entire section (
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF3937032BFA409259" box="[1384,1469,1363,1388]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[102,136,1807,1826]" captionTargetBox="[102,1485,240,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[102,1486,240,1202]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 8. “Ceratotrochus” magnaghii Cecchini, 1914. A. ZPALH.23/4 in oblique view (A 1); distal septal edge enlarged in A2. A3. “Patches of microcrystals” at growing septal edge (RAF). B. ZPALH.23/5. Polished and etched septum sectioned transversely with dRAF that appear to be com − posed of homogenous “microcrystalline" material, SEM micrograph. C. TL M (C1, C2) and MFM (C3) micrographs of longitudinally sectioned septum ZPALH.23/6 in RAF plane. Organic and mineral phases regularly alternate (grayscale enlargement in C 2); brownish organic dRAF components (C1) stained with acridine orange, fluoresce (C2) with bright−green light. Seemingly homogenous dRAF in transverse section (B), sectioned longitudinally is composed of elongated units spaced ca. 5–7 µm (red arrows in C1). Growth direction of septum indicates black arrow. A. Recent, deep−water specimen, SEAMOUNT 2 cruise, Stat. DW 279, 33°55.60’N, 28°23.70’W, 805 m. B, C. Recent, shallow−water specimen from Mediterranean (Marseille, Riou−Grand Conglu submarine cave), 50 m." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF39E20326FA3B925A" box="[1469,1478,1374,1391]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,134,1135,1154]" captionTargetBox="[102,1483,228,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-474@3.[102,1483,228,1104]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Stephanocyathuspaliferus Cairns, 1977. ZPALH.23/1 (originally NMNH 46443 lot). Recent, south of Bonaire, 11°18.8’N, 68°22’W, 384–607 m. Pills sta. P−753. July 26, 1968. A–C. Distal (A), lateral (B), and proximal (C) views of corallum. D, E. SEM of septa and paliform lobes. D. Arrow indicates portion of septum enlarged on E. E. “Patches of microcrystals” (fasciculi of Wise 1972) at the growing septal edge here called the Rapid Acretion Front (RAF)." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<subScript id="717833712366FFDF39E20326FA3B925A" attach="left" box="[1469,1478,1374,1391]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">1</subScript>
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</figureCitation>
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, red arrows). These longitudinal “strands” have a layered structure, which is particularly well visible on the entire surface of the section (
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF385503CBFB9D92F9" box="[1034,1120,1459,1484]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[102,136,1807,1826]" captionTargetBox="[102,1485,240,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[102,1486,240,1202]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 8. “Ceratotrochus” magnaghii Cecchini, 1914. A. ZPALH.23/4 in oblique view (A 1); distal septal edge enlarged in A2. A3. “Patches of microcrystals” at growing septal edge (RAF). B. ZPALH.23/5. Polished and etched septum sectioned transversely with dRAF that appear to be com − posed of homogenous “microcrystalline" material, SEM micrograph. C. TL M (C1, C2) and MFM (C3) micrographs of longitudinally sectioned septum ZPALH.23/6 in RAF plane. Organic and mineral phases regularly alternate (grayscale enlargement in C 2); brownish organic dRAF components (C1) stained with acridine orange, fluoresce (C2) with bright−green light. Seemingly homogenous dRAF in transverse section (B), sectioned longitudinally is composed of elongated units spaced ca. 5–7 µm (red arrows in C1). Growth direction of septum indicates black arrow. A. Recent, deep−water specimen, SEAMOUNT 2 cruise, Stat. DW 279, 33°55.60’N, 28°23.70’W, 805 m. B, C. Recent, shallow−water specimen from Mediterranean (Marseille, Riou−Grand Conglu submarine cave), 50 m." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF383F03C6FB9492FA" box="[1120,1129,1470,1487]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,134,1135,1154]" captionTargetBox="[102,1483,228,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-474@3.[102,1483,228,1104]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Stephanocyathuspaliferus Cairns, 1977. ZPALH.23/1 (originally NMNH 46443 lot). Recent, south of Bonaire, 11°18.8’N, 68°22’W, 384–607 m. Pills sta. P−753. July 26, 1968. A–C. Distal (A), lateral (B), and proximal (C) views of corallum. D, E. SEM of septa and paliform lobes. D. Arrow indicates portion of septum enlarged on E. E. “Patches of microcrystals” (fasciculi of Wise 1972) at the growing septal edge here called the Rapid Acretion Front (RAF)." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<subScript id="717833712366FFDF383F03C6FB9492FA" attach="left" box="[1120,1129,1470,1487]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">1</subScript>
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</figureCitation>
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, C
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<subScript id="717833712366FFDF38D503C6FB6E92FA" attach="left" box="[1162,1171,1470,1487]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">2</subScript>
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). Wider, dark−brown layers are 3.7–4.6 µm thick, whereas thin, transparent and much lighter layers are ca. 1.8 µm wide. Only dark−brown skeletal components stained with acridine−range dye exhibit bright green−yellow fluorescence (
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF383C004BFB459179" box="[1123,1208,1587,1612]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[102,136,1807,1826]" captionTargetBox="[102,1485,240,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[102,1486,240,1202]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 8. “Ceratotrochus” magnaghii Cecchini, 1914. A. ZPALH.23/4 in oblique view (A 1); distal septal edge enlarged in A2. A3. “Patches of microcrystals” at growing septal edge (RAF). B. ZPALH.23/5. Polished and etched septum sectioned transversely with dRAF that appear to be com − posed of homogenous “microcrystalline" material, SEM micrograph. C. TL M (C1, C2) and MFM (C3) micrographs of longitudinally sectioned septum ZPALH.23/6 in RAF plane. Organic and mineral phases regularly alternate (grayscale enlargement in C 2); brownish organic dRAF components (C1) stained with acridine orange, fluoresce (C2) with bright−green light. Seemingly homogenous dRAF in transverse section (B), sectioned longitudinally is composed of elongated units spaced ca. 5–7 µm (red arrows in C1). Growth direction of septum indicates black arrow. A. Recent, deep−water specimen, SEAMOUNT 2 cruise, Stat. DW 279, 33°55.60’N, 28°23.70’W, 805 m. B, C. Recent, shallow−water specimen from Mediterranean (Marseille, Riou−Grand Conglu submarine cave), 50 m." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="75C72DB12366FFDF38E60046FB3F917A" box="[1209,1218,1598,1615]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[102,135,1815,1834]" captionText="Fig. 3. Stephanocyathus paliferus Cairns 1977. ZPALH.23/1. Locality data as in Fig. 1. SEM of polished and etched septal sections. A, B. Septum transversely sectioned with two distinct zones: dRAF and layers of TD. dRAF, as viewed from this perspective, may be considered to consists of homogenous zone of “microcrystals” (only crystal tips visible; see enlargement in B) and this interpretation traditionally prevailed. C, D. Septum longitudinally sectioned in RAF plane (growth direction of septum indicated by black arrow in C). C. Dissolved/etched components of dRAF form pattern of longitudinal (horizontal in photo) “strands”, occasionally separated by small ridges (asterisk); wrinkles of adjacent “strands” form in places pronounced “rollers” (black dots). D. Enlarged “strand” with alternations of wider, domed cavities (larger arrows) and narrow ridges (small arrows) that match organic and, respectively, mineral phases alternations in Fig. 2E, F. E–H. Sections perpendicular to septal blade. Fibrous layers continue between dRAF and TD desposits (arrows in F–H)." pageId="11" pageNumber="508">
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<subScript id="717833712366FFDF38E60046FB3F917A" attach="left" box="[1209,1218,1598,1615]" fontSize="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="508">3</subScript>
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</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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