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129 lines
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<document id="30A348CFA8446AFFD030861409F9FE9F" ID-CLB-Dataset="25983" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4657.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3414318d-7570-49ac-9013-be4e1f1e6347" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3371886" ID-ZooBank="86DD93B2-E8F4-4174-B105-9436357CB4B6" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1566284110186" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lambert, Gretchen" docDate="2019" docId="6A2E3761A93FFFC81390FB42DFB1F808" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4657.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4657 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ritterella rubra Abbott & Trason 1968" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="414" masterDocId="96174F19A932FFC51307FFF3DC63FFD6" masterDocTitle="The Ascidiacea collected during the 2017 British Columbia Hakai MarineGEO BioBlitz" masterLastPageNumber="436" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="414" updateTime="1698751689998" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F767F4A80A59528D1431E524AA135776">The Ascidiacea collected during the 2017 British Columbia Hakai MarineGEO BioBlitz</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2FC64A49C3595770A5F289ED1EBDB908">Lambert, Gretchen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="35F666DA9381BC2E3CDEACA4BB77FB72">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="464A9F259C943B36E5CCADB6C490E6FE">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1FC14AE151952ABADE0620089612D37B">2019-08-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="022F80AA61F9EC2A6C6AEB44BED95039">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4AE9429CA433F8CF2577DFC0AF903242" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4657.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6A2E3761A93FFFC81390FB42DFB1F808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5941191" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159167962" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5941191" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A2E3761A93FFFC81390FB42DFB1F808" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A2E3761A93FFFC81390FB42DFB1F808" lastPageNumber="414" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<subSubSection id="AA9DD5FCA93FFFC81390FB42DE1AFB1D" box="[151,633,1201,1228]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E2388677A93FFFC81390FB42DE1AFB1D" blockId="13.[151,633,1201,1263]" box="[151,633,1201,1228]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<heading id="B970311BA93FFFC81390FB42DE1AFB1D" bold="true" box="[151,633,1201,1228]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="2587FDF4A93FFFC81390FB42DE1AFB1D" authority="Abbott & Trason, 1968" authorityName="Abbott & Trason" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,633,1201,1228]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ritterellidae" genus="Ritterella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">
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<emphasis id="D0F35A65A93FFFC81390FB42DE1AFB1D" bold="true" box="[151,633,1201,1228]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<emphasis id="D0F35A65A93FFFC81390FB42DD30FB1A" bold="true" box="[151,339,1201,1228]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Ritterella rubra</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8616FB86A93FFFC8125EFB42DE1AFB1D" author="Abbott, D. P. & Trason, W. B." box="[345,633,1201,1228]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" pagination="143 - 154" refId="ref15468" refString="Abbott, D. P. & Trason, W. B. (1968) Two new colonial ascidians from the west coast of North America. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 67, 143 - 154." type="journal article" year="1968">Abbott & Trason, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AA9DD5FCA93FFFC81390FB26DFB1F808" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E2388677A93FFFC81390FB26DD4FFB39" blockId="13.[151,633,1201,1263]" box="[151,300,1237,1263]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<figureCitation id="7ABC9AF2A93FFFC81390FB26DC90FB39" box="[151,243,1237,1263]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[241,1364,166,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[224,1364,166,1918]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Aplousobranchia, Ritterellidae. A–C: Ritterella pulchra. A, whole colony; B, enlargement of one lobe of living colony; C, one zooid. D–G: Ritterella rubra. D, E: two lobes of same colony; F: one zooid; G; enlargement of thorax of same zooid. Scale bars: A, 0.7 cm; B, 1 mm; C, 4 mm; D, 5 mm; E: 7 mm; F, 1.2 mm. Photo D by G. Paulay." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371902/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Figure 8</figureCitation>
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D–G
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E2388677A93FFFC81390FAE9D837FAE4" blockId="13.[151,1108,1305,1330]" box="[151,1108,1305,1330]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">RHAK 2 BHAK 0601, 0602 UF 2460. Goose Island Group, Duck Island, low rocky intertidal.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E2388677A93FFFC81390FA93DFF0F841" blockId="13.[151,1437,1376,2014]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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One colony with two large heads and many smaller ones but only the large heads collected; largest one
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<quantity id="257F2B92A93FFFC81613FA93D93CFAAD" box="[1300,1375,1376,1403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" unit="cm" value="1.8">1.8 cm</quantity>
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wide at widest part and slightly flattened with short thick stalk,
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<quantity id="257F2B92A93FFFC8102EFA77DF15FA49" box="[809,886,1412,1439]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" unit="cm" value="3.9">3.9 cm</quantity>
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long but had been cut off above the base. Sandy leathery tunic reddish-orange, lightly encrusted with sand and shell debris but none in the internal tunic which is translucent, somewhat tough and gel-like. Siphons are close together, bright red. Zooids orange, about
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<quantity id="257F2B92A93FFFC81608FA3FD93EFA31" box="[1295,1373,1484,1511]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
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long, with about 14 rows of stigmata; the zooids were somewhat contracted making counts difficult. Stomach globular, very obscurely and irregularly lobed. Atrial chamber full of bright pinkish-red embryos in various stages of development, the most mature with three adhesive papillae in a row and numerous very short ampullae in several rows on each side as described by
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<bibRefCitation id="8616FB86A93FFFC812B1F9AFDEA4F9A1" author="Abbott, D. P. & Trason, W. B." box="[438,711,1628,1655]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" pagination="143 - 154" refId="ref15468" refString="Abbott, D. P. & Trason, W. B. (1968) Two new colonial ascidians from the west coast of North America. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 67, 143 - 154." type="journal article" year="1968">Abbott & Trason (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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; it was not possible to count them. Postabdomen extends into the stalk, with the ovary at the anterior end and containing a dozen or more orange or pinkish ova; testes follow with some testes covering the posterior portion of the ovary. All the morphological characters agree with the description given by
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<bibRefCitation id="8616FB86A93FFFC81231F93BDE29F935" author="Abbott, D. P. & Trason, W. B." box="[310,586,1736,1763]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" pagination="143 - 154" refId="ref15468" refString="Abbott, D. P. & Trason, W. B. (1968) Two new colonial ascidians from the west coast of North America. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 67, 143 - 154." type="journal article" year="1968">Abbott & Trason (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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except for the presence of one or two additional rows of stigmata; Abbott & Trason give the number as varying from
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<quantity id="257F2B92A93FFFC8118EF91FDE8DF8D0" box="[649,750,1772,1798]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.921" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" unit="in" value="11.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="10.0">10–13 in</quantity>
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colonies from the
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<typeStatus id="3D3C38D5A93FFFC810C1F91EDF95F8D1" box="[966,1014,1773,1799]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">type</typeStatus>
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locality in Monterey County, central
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<collectingRegion id="20434895A93FFFC81390F8E3DD6FF8FC" box="[151,268,1808,1834]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">California</collectingRegion>
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. A colony from SE
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<collectingRegion id="20434895A93FFFC812EEF8E3DE54F8FC" box="[489,567,1808,1834]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Alaska</collectingRegion>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="8616FB86A93FFFC81141F8E3DF3AF8FC" author="O'Clair, R. M. & O'Clair, C. E." box="[582,857,1808,1834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" refId="ref17413" refString="O'Clair, R. M. & O'Clair, C. E. (1998) Southeast Alaska's Rocky Shores. Plant Press, Auke Bay, Alaska, 564 pp." type="book" year="1998">O’Clair & O’Clair 1998</bibRefCitation>
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) collected
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<date id="9639A0B7A93FFFC810D2F8FCD824F8FC" box="[981,1095,1807,1834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" value="1994-05-25">5/25/1994</date>
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and identified by me also had 14 rows of stigmata. A name change was proposed by
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<bibRefCitation id="8616FB86A93FFFC81004F8C7DFD1F898" author="Brunetti, R." box="[771,946,1844,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" pagination="67 - 68" refId="ref15778" refString="Brunetti, R. (2007) Nomenclatural Acts: homonymy in the Ascidiacea (Tunicata) and proposed nomina nova. Zootaxa, 1613, 67 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1613.1. 5" type="journal article" year="2007">Brunetti (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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based on his transferring the species to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="2587FDF4A93FFFC813E7F8ABDD88F8A4" authority="Phipps, 1774" authorityName="Phipps" authorityYear="1774" box="[224,491,1880,1906]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Synoicum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D0F35A65A93FFFC813E7F8ABDD2EF8A4" box="[224,333,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Synoicum</emphasis>
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Phipps, 1774
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</taxonomicName>
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, but this change is rejected because the distinguishing morphological characters for
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<taxonomicName id="2587FDF4A93FFFC81390F88EDC95F840" authorityName="Abbott & Trason" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,246,1916,1942]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ritterellidae" genus="Ritterella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">
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<emphasis id="D0F35A65A93FFFC81390F88EDC95F840" box="[151,246,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">R. rubra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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place it in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="2587FDF4A93FFFC812E3F88FDE8BF840" authority="Harant, 1931" authorityName="Harant" authorityYear="1931" box="[484,744,1916,1943]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ritterellidae" genus="Ritterella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D0F35A65A93FFFC812E3F88FDE2EF840" box="[484,589,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Ritterella</emphasis>
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Harant, 1931
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</taxonomicName>
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, not
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<taxonomicName id="2587FDF4A93FFFC81018F88FDFEFF840" authorityName="Phipps" authorityYear="1774" box="[799,908,1916,1942]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Synoicum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D0F35A65A93FFFC81018F88FDFEFF840" box="[799,908,1916,1942]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Synoicum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E2388677A93FFFC813C0F853DFB1F808" blockId="13.[151,1437,1376,2014]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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This species is known from
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<collectingRegion id="20434895A93FFFC812F8F853DEDCF86C" box="[511,703,1952,1978]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
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to central
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<collectingRegion id="20434895A93FFFC81033F853DFC5F86C" box="[820,934,1952,1978]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">California</collectingRegion>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="8616FB86A93FFFC810B3F853D8D0F86C" author="Abbott, D. P. & Trason, W. B." box="[948,1203,1952,1979]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" pagination="143 - 154" refId="ref15468" refString="Abbott, D. P. & Trason, W. B. (1968) Two new colonial ascidians from the west coast of North America. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 67, 143 - 154." type="journal article" year="1968">Abbott & Trason 1968</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8616FB86A93FFFC817BBF853DCB1F808" author="Abbott, D. P. & Newberry, A. T." pageId="13" pageNumber="414" pagination="177 - 226" refId="ref15566" refString="Abbott, D. P. & Newberry, A. T. (1980) Urochordata: the tunicates. In: Morris, R. H., Abbott, D. P. & Haderlie, E. C. (Eds.), Intertidal Invertebrates of California. Stanford, California, Stanford University Press, pp. 177 - 226 + P 57 - P 67." type="journal article" year="1980">Abbott & Newberry 1980</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8616FB86A93FFFC813DAF837DD8DF808" author="O'Clair, R. M. & O'Clair, C. E." box="[221,494,1988,2014]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" refId="ref17413" refString="O'Clair, R. M. & O'Clair, C. E. (1998) Southeast Alaska's Rocky Shores. Plant Press, Auke Bay, Alaska, 564 pp." type="book" year="1998">O’Clair & O’Clair 1998</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="8616FB86A93FFFC812FEF837DE88F808" author="Lamb, A. & Hanby, B. P." box="[505,747,1987,2014]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" refId="ref16347" refString="Lamb, A. & Hanby, B. P. (2005) Marine Life of the Pacific Northwest - A Photographic Encyclopedia of Invertebrates, Seaweeds and Selected Fishes. Harbour Publishing, Madeira Park, BC., 398 pp." type="book" year="2005">Lamb & Hanby 2005</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8616FB86A93FFFC811F2F837DFA5F808" author="Abbott, D. P. & Lambert, C. C. & Lambert, G. & Newberry, A. T." box="[757,966,1988,2014]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" pagination="918 - 933" refId="ref15639" refString="Abbott, D. P., Lambert, C. C., Lambert, G. & Newberry, A. T. (2007) Chordata: Ascidiacea. In: Carlton, J. T. (Ed.), The Light & Smith Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates from Central California to Oregon. Berkeley, California, University of California Press, chapter 35, pp. 918 - 933." type="journal article" year="2007">
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Abbott
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<emphasis id="D0F35A65A93FFFC8104DF836DFE1F808" box="[842,898,1988,2014]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">et al.</emphasis>
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2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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