treatments-xml/data/1C/08/D9/1C08D9FE3B6E5004AFA7093BF1BC2DFD.xml

<document id="D228B1BE711B24BEA12C6AF78A6369D7" ID-CLB-Dataset="301495" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951" ID-GBIF-Dataset="260efa91-98a5-4abe-96de-636bdebff8e8" ID-ZooBank="A07CCEE1-C2D5-4993-9437-55E3040E1F79" ID-publisher-id="127951" URI-arpha="64DE4B4F-BF17-5208-91E2-23C3DD2B612B" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/A07CCEE1-C2D5-4993-9437-55E3040E1F79" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1723647139662" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhang, Ludan, Wang, Ying, Li, Shuqiang, Zhang, Xiaoqing &amp; Yao, Zhiyuan" docDate="2024" docId="1C08D9FE3B6E5004AFA7093BF1BC2DFD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1209: 315-330" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1209" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/127951/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Belisana langping Zhang, Li &amp; Yao 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="ED94621E-E599-4452-9CD0-7EFB7C35B999" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="330" masterDocId="64DE4B4FBF17520891E223C3DD2B612B" masterDocTitle="Three new spider species of Belisana Thorell, 1898 (Araneae, Pholcidae) from karst caves, with a list of Belisana species from Guangxi, China" masterLastPageNumber="330" masterPageNumber="315" pageNumber="315" updateTime="1723650954597" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="9A0E65930F1BC110F206479BD01DF7C4">Three new spider species of Belisana Thorell, 1898 (Araneae, Pholcidae) from karst caves, with a list of Belisana species from Guangxi, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F84A1F03D595150A4D525A69EEF010F3">Zhang, Ludan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B8762D463B741C5CB6BF1AE3CC58FD3B">College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7321E5B344547098D551F27DC0E87BB0">Wang, Ying</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="10350B5F4DF951501FE623C88B0B7327">College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FC692B2D03B5E2B06734D6185233AD10">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9F5AD4BA1C36B2A34F478CA2B3AFB2FE">Yao, Zhiyuan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="009F9FD0A6B9DDD847A9C10855C1D381">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="08C1A493BA93C40882CAEFB40EF1B3CF" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C83ED9EAE0A22B9DF45523994BBC6330">
<taxonomicName id="70973A53BB4776937CC7BE77041D6D73" authority="Zhang, Li &amp; Yao" authorityName="Zhang, Li &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="langping" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D87AB87561BC3E5A572EA5A3C648B73D" italics="true">Belisana langping</emphasis>
Zhang, Li &amp; Yao
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CBDE59E6CD1E6AA7E0E64EFF4E602A8D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FB39D0C3840094E6932708E465C2BEDE" type="description">
<paragraph id="561AE1878E5C4364FD896362571DBE32">
<figureCitation id="78809EBC4293F72EBBC4C7522BFAB20B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">Figs 2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="A4B7E3BA922D7432A6A15580F847DDC7" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62F9B08F5BAF4A9B1925C6BF075F408D" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at same structures as photos of each species) A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113532">8 A, B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="4DAB1416AB0CE27DA35168FB87F3B333" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113533">9 A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIKAE" type="type material">
<paragraph id="70009CA968084D1A6BF90CFE6D8C5880">
<heading id="41B63EF511ABD0D528AD988C14DE8CF0" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D212AE09ED8393FFC63784E0922159F">
<materialsCitation id="14BF934C08074DA09E25D8C103D58839" collectingDate="2011-08-14" collectionCode="IZCAS" collectorName="C Wang" country="China" county="Tianlin County" elevation="773" latitude="24.570433" location="Langping Town" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.22791" municipality="Baise" specimenCode="Ar 44988" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="E0D26EA30CA4A82DFD7450983D49A556" bold="true">
<emphasis id="FDAB796EDA7CC53EFAC903F3059FF0EA" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="73FD4D058449C6554582016167331228" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCountry id="71E6FEC304E4C7B42C05E2D26ADB30F2" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="785395DA8B91C76F30020E495B37DC42" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingRegion id="F6176CD2FCBCBB3196ED207A597EF71B" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="1DB061519531234A7B049A918CC17015">Baise</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="8105CC90F98A2CA2B9AD499F25150540">Tianlin County</collectingCounty>
, 
<location id="FFE79C1F63B9946935DF6F3260DF82EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C08D9FE3B6E5004AFA7093BF1BC2DFD:FFE79C1F63B9946935DF6F3260DF82EB" country="China" county="Tianlin County" latitude="24.570433" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.22791" municipality="Baise" name="Langping Town" stateProvince="Guangxi">Langping Town</location>
, 
<location id="6DDAE3FCAF6284ED23E1D5570B8A20B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C08D9FE3B6E5004AFA7093BF1BC2DFD:6DDAE3FCAF6284ED23E1D5570B8A20B2" country="China" county="Tianlin County" latitude="24.570433" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.22791" municipality="Baise" name="Dabao Village" stateProvince="Guangxi">Dabao Village</location>
, 
<location id="0D42875CB5C1DEDD40FAA461E0EAE370" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C08D9FE3B6E5004AFA7093BF1BC2DFD:0D42875CB5C1DEDD40FAA461E0EAE370" country="China" county="Tianlin County" latitude="24.570433" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.22791" municipality="Baise" name="Sanchuantun" stateProvince="Guangxi">Sanchuantun</location>
, 
<location id="493CE295F15FEDAC318707D49FA04C4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C08D9FE3B6E5004AFA7093BF1BC2DFD:493CE295F15FEDAC318707D49FA04C4C" country="China" county="Tianlin County" latitude="24.570433" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.22791" municipality="Baise" name="Papa Cave" stateProvince="Guangxi">Papa Cave</location>
; 
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EWKAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[106.227917,24.570433]}">
<geoCoordinate id="DC5E814AD70727B551EF80878992BEF8" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="34.226" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="24.570433">24 ° 34.226 ' N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="AB9F7C333337AB9882C504112E4CECF7" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="13.675" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="106.22791">106 ° 13.675 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; alt. 
<quantity id="4DAB02A95890EC05F156A6EE26664646" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7299999999999995" unit="m" value="773.0">
<elevation id="ACE0AC62EF2FBA0BB3F0F0C392F752A8" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7299999999999995" unit="m" value="773.0">773 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<date id="362DA611C789DDFA915C4D3FC64B7202" value="2011-08-14">
<collectingDate id="5CB57786E702745A864F99F5BA1444CD" value="2011-08-14">14 Aug. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="2A140AD0AA058A2A5D9620F4BF785E79">C Wang</collectorName>
leg.; 
<named-content id="CCE10A9E183D5C85A7D6E0B686954722" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
<collectionCode id="5BCD42C070D1AED757FA2715D4C713B9" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
- 
<specimenCode id="4C5BBC9C6422ADE147D284D757CA7E52">Ar 44988</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="35EB7CD2921DBDB209B3A9E7934C9062" collectingDate="2011-08-14" collectionCode="IZCAS" collectorName="C Wang &amp; Ar" country="China" county="Tianlin County" elevation="773" latitude="24.570433" location="China" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.22791" municipality="Baise" specimenCode="Ar 44989" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="782C521C61FB745839F4ED1CC9C29037" bold="true">
<emphasis id="FE1D7DBCF1454747A3E589F3C9B449B8" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="8E65881651AC0DF37230F025C0572F4A" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCountry id="88C79F35D563FC6F5CCAC5C3AC389788" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 
<specimenCount id="393B9258CC0851CCDA54012D72FFDDB3" count="4" type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
; same data as for holotype; 
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<collectionCode id="22F58E38EA2CE70110AE26E8FE8292C8" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
- 
<specimenCode id="B0D19BD086B9B516CDBF4743FB78C360">Ar 44989</specimenCode>
–92
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHLAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F0DD4B2980BBE7FC0EDDADBE1BA7F015">
<heading id="4DA81630816827185CB5CCC3A5D16CDE" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83327ED3B822E45849155E0D3577575F">The specific name refers to the type locality; noun in apposition.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMLAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="95B755456291957C08CC7756164335C8">
<heading id="CF2E8E7C6EBB7AF4F40EE4C938E592E5" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE933F8A441E2D12BCD3D71802B3E721">
The new species resembles 
<taxonomicName id="C7F6D832D7FE3A2938E1CDDEBCC1C84E" authority="Yao, Pham &amp; Li, 2015" authorityName="Yao, Pham &amp; Li" authorityYear="2015" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phungae">
<emphasis id="B2B81CE84020E74674355D763EC75487" italics="true">B. phungae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="21DDDFEE4AC3C99BAB18172BECFBFDC9" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3909.1.1" author="Yao Z &amp; Pham DS &amp; Li S" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="1-82" refId="B12" refString="Yao Z, Pham DS, Li S (2015) Pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from northern Vietnam, with descriptions of nineteen new species. Zootaxa 3909 (1): 1 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3909.1. 1" title="Pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from northern Vietnam, with descriptions of nineteen new species." volume="3909" year="2015">Yao, Pham &amp; Li, 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3B703E3CD8CB81F22BE9CFD55E567F4E" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3909.1.1" author="Yao Z &amp; Pham DS &amp; Li S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Yao" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" page="9" pagination="1-82" refId="B12" refString="Yao Z, Pham DS, Li S (2015) Pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from northern Vietnam, with descriptions of nineteen new species. Zootaxa 3909 (1): 1–82. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3909.1.1" title="Pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from northern Vietnam, with descriptions of nineteen new species." volume="3909" year="2015">Yao et al. 2015: 9</bibRefCitation>
, figs 19 A – D, 20 A – G, 21 A – E) by having similar male chelicerae and epigyne (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="C9707AAFB2248C9CB2BFC3907DAAE95E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 A, D</figureCitation>
), but can be distinguished by procursus with retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella (arrow in Figs 
<figureCitation id="97A8A19158C4B76EF17B39BFC830C16A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">2 D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="187D831B16643042A57D9A0447AA91B6" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at same structures as photos of each species) A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113532">8 B</figureCitation>
vs. absent in 
<taxonomicName id="76AAB02F42C83501BEDA3D77CD2F637E" authorityName="Yao, Pham &amp; Li" authorityYear="2015" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phungae">
<emphasis id="AAA36C8DE11BDC66A5B37708DFF584C3" italics="true">B. phungae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), by bulbal apophysis hooked (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYMAE" xlink_title="bulbal apophysis">ba</abbrev>
in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="B293068C40FECA2139EE0512FBC895E9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 C</figureCitation>
vs. distally blunt in 
<taxonomicName id="29407B6271C6BE32D466348DE260AA88" authorityName="Yao, Pham &amp; Li" authorityYear="2015" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phungae">
<emphasis id="991239C9DB50CFBBAB0C40C693F6DBCD" italics="true">B. phungae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), by cheliceral proximo-lateral apophyses and distal apophyses closer to each other (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="123B8D337245A2F1FCB02A7D08C0ABE3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 D</figureCitation>
vs. widely separated in 
<taxonomicName id="9D90D3A29308972A31AC6D2445F91301" authorityName="Yao, Pham &amp; Li" authorityYear="2015" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phungae">
<emphasis id="8BEF39D9903090F99B2C3D9D9EBB118D" italics="true">B. phungae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), by vulva without sac-like structure (Figs 
<figureCitation id="439B165028D6277F0DE071C2BCD63BA0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="108EDC31F781EA512425EC74D04AF736" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113533">9 B</figureCitation>
vs. present in 
<taxonomicName id="9C66CA5508C41BDAE0690B70A2371CBD" authorityName="Yao, Pham &amp; Li" authorityYear="2015" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phungae">
<emphasis id="7ACC3A9242CF28FF7978F9D0F24C5DA0" italics="true">B. phungae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and by pore plates nearly triangular (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENOAE" xlink_title="pore plate">pp</abbrev>
in Figs 
<figureCitation id="BF29A955F953182DCCC2EEC54FB29FD4" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DA2763B323CFD51C9D6BB692A1D073FC" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113533">9 B</figureCitation>
vs. nearly round in 
<taxonomicName id="3983A3E5A4D3E46FE75D6CE8F0B60184" authorityName="Yao, Pham &amp; Li" authorityYear="2015" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phungae">
<emphasis id="6DF8C6683B69161F29C7B204B1E5E280" italics="true">B. phungae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); also distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="3878B56AAE278696F955136A1E8A9F2E" authority="Tong &amp; Li, 2007" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhangi">
<emphasis id="E8AC5877CA4BDAE7976CAEA7482872BC" italics="true">B. zhangi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="54C3FE726CD76A1A0012CDECFEA1CDD2" author="Tong Y &amp; Li S" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica" pagination="505-507" refId="B5" refString="Tong Y, Li S (2007) A new six-eyed pholcid spider (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Karst Tiankeng of Leye County, Guangxi, China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica 32: 505 - 507." title="A new six-eyed pholcid spider (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Karst Tiankeng of Leye County, Guangxi, China." volume="32" year="2007">Tong &amp; Li, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5AC4F9F85B4B8FB44E46FD2BCCDD5FF9" author="Tong Y &amp; Li S" firstAuthor="Tong" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica" page="505" pagination="505-507" refId="B5" refString="Tong Y, Li S (2007) A new six-eyed pholcid spider (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Karst Tiankeng of Leye County, Guangxi, China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica 32: 505–507." title="A new six-eyed pholcid spider (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Karst Tiankeng of Leye County, Guangxi, China." volume="32" year="2007">Tong and Li 2007: 505</bibRefCitation>
, figs 1–6) by procursus with sclerotized prolatero-subdistal apophysis (arrow 
<quantity id="4417F2D2011D617AD197C3D66D903C41" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
Figs 
<figureCitation id="41B51E209B4345A84FD5C92387CEED75" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">2 C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="AB8C3D1F04B00AB7D46C2C484F307DD0" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at same structures as photos of each species) A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113532">8 A</figureCitation>
vs. spine in 
<taxonomicName id="94CC1926D58F60A00810FEDC5A1B64DE" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhangi">
<emphasis id="7F511EBFB5BD9582FB3069976F52F065" italics="true">B. zhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella (arrow 
<quantity id="6807A346B851CCD62B500F4BD7CA181F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
Figs 
<figureCitation id="56FB27C4B8399E4F72E6EA7C59F6DF78" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">2 C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="73906BA220FC83A9359B98360ECAE275" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at same structures as photos of each species) A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113532">8 A</figureCitation>
vs. absent in 
<taxonomicName id="A9315060DBF97BD0927D0E0490F4275B" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhangi">
<emphasis id="E51F274A18DA1A51100A81137100BE75" italics="true">B. zhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella (arrow in Figs 
<figureCitation id="8AB9B684B803CA4E6799A72E6DABE3E2" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">2 D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="709B2040E562764523A289AF109C9B69" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at same structures as photos of each species) A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113532">8 B</figureCitation>
vs. retrolatero-ventral in 
<taxonomicName id="CF23AD4F996391ED792C65FA5D3063B7" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhangi">
<emphasis id="5E03C76B3D721F804494C57C4F0B7696" italics="true">B. zhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), by procursus without retrolateral membranous flap (Figs 
<figureCitation id="8FC35016043ADF4F7D0DDAEA9969E1AF" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">2 D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="5D7A67438A109BFEFEA81D6CE7C7F728" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at same structures as photos of each species) A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113532">8 B</figureCitation>
vs. present in 
<taxonomicName id="D6E97244479EC00E9AE0AF35B3BD9951" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhangi">
<emphasis id="5B6CF0CDD90EC47B87C7E2E35186FD79" italics="true">B. zhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), by vulval anterior arch straight (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6RAE" xlink_title="anterior arch">aa</abbrev>
in Figs 
<figureCitation id="E977E3CD940F600038498057E6B9FF73" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="5EB114AAA163BC5F63FF41600B99529A" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113533">9 B</figureCitation>
vs. ridge-shaped in 
<taxonomicName id="EE835220763EB47B619A39B555AF0C69" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhangi">
<emphasis id="413619769D0196D27E7F937237F8D1D6" italics="true">B. zhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and by pore plates nearly triangular (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWSAE" xlink_title="pore plate">pp</abbrev>
in Figs 
<figureCitation id="351A92C0F336B692AF21C9B9B4FB4012" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B61F89A56CD091E406A51CC37C0E878F" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113533">9 B</figureCitation>
vs. long and curved in 
<taxonomicName id="DE4DE2479F4F42401F1D3D01751F7D2F" authorityName="Tong &amp; Li" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhangi">
<emphasis id="46DF6EE0B0A7B7E391EAA2AB8E58E5DD" italics="true">B. zhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="5388F72E8F455A2BA75661C678E00D74" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" ID-arpha="A1C48CE8-B715-52F8-81C1-CC27DBA47F91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="11159EA34624A4A375FCE40E1F4460AD">
<label id="1B1E3CD7E5951D750C16E42B7A4D139B">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F57F1B8A47D88C660881E3C77EC6228B">
<taxonomicName id="F3C17D2709A9FB17F400DC73D625E0D3" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Wang &amp; Li &amp; Zhang &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="langping" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3FA3FE04559AA30ACB34A990814B1BFD" italics="true">Belisana langping</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3B1881F5557F28BD60FD17DA3394AC83" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male 
<emphasis id="B3FFB0712BD94246DC10051744447316" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
palp (
<emphasis id="60A6D0E05282AD213526AE38924AD226" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral view 
<emphasis id="5FB444574CBD03A2406C4C29834612E6" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) 
<emphasis id="08A253075D78B83FE1A314DF7DEB9879" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
distal part of procursus (
<emphasis id="099B20265F137B94426F2B4939D935E5" bold="true">C</emphasis>
prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella 
<emphasis id="C56DDF25DB170F92CBDB14B439FBD957" bold="true">D</emphasis>
retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMUAE" xlink_title="procursus">pr</abbrev>
= procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (
<emphasis id="937A4B81F6E2FA34347A90A100030F2F" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
); 0.02 mm (
<emphasis id="078815FE93676BDEEF509F9C408A439A" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="34F0984BD6A5ED9DD7E096B5E0046E0C" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" ID-arpha="3F225D75-4E24-5A13-8844-818D46104A72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="C82305C01137EDF25705D86F550B3DFF">
<label id="D4232E95D14B6F1AB3546615108F506F">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3AE997191712CF5FB47EB25D7FCD3109">
<taxonomicName id="00B857BB70C7D230C0BCDE9252FCA9F8" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Wang &amp; Li &amp; Zhang &amp; Yao" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Belisana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="langping" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="39CBE780AC0AD14F332D38A32C3BEE1B" italics="true">Belisana langping</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFE63EA7390AEBA2588A146EB2C44E5A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype male (
<emphasis id="8F7CD6BCFBB84D1DAF003420C639D52C" bold="true">C – F</emphasis>
) and paratype female (
<emphasis id="9A52A29A92317E86F176A7113D5059A9" bold="true">A, B, G, H</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="F96370EEAD1D18E1B50346E856E8CAAB" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral view 
<emphasis id="253E9C3F5822335A3BCFE1318FE504C6" bold="true">B</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal view 
<emphasis id="86F0AE9DE20C11C579644C1FB7B4C20F" bold="true">C</emphasis>
bulb, prolateral view 
<emphasis id="DB88A5D065E06AE54D75DEBCF63CC73E" bold="true">D</emphasis>
chelicerae, frontal view 
<emphasis id="A786985DA776C27F2A08EB4B63B95595" bold="true">E – H</emphasis>
habitus (
<emphasis id="9BE77E59A1E8238E3962CD5928104D17" bold="true">E, G</emphasis>
dorsal view 
<emphasis id="062A63074E8EB8602786E8AC561791D6" bold="true">F</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="A0808025A27443FB505676EE0F739D6D" bold="true">H</emphasis>
ventral view). Abbreviations: 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAWAE" xlink_title="anterior arch">aa</abbrev>
= anterior arch, b = bulb, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEWAE" xlink_title="bulbal apophysis">ba</abbrev>
= bulbal apophysis, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIWAE" xlink_title="distal apophysis">da</abbrev>
= distal apophysis, e = embolus, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMWAE" xlink_title="epigynal pocket">ep</abbrev>
= epigynal pocket, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQWAE" xlink_title="proximo-lateral apophysis">pa</abbrev>
= proximo-lateral apophysis, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUWAE" xlink_title="pore plate">pp</abbrev>
= pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (
<emphasis id="E4EE01EEF5BA04C31D0C7A6D465F7A6A" bold="true">A – D</emphasis>
); 0.30 mm (
<emphasis id="7B5A074D35F3C737A952319B2736BAB9" bold="true">E – H</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBXAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="CA7A081930B8226786FE81083351BF77">
<heading id="BFD129FE35D0362C9AF009055275A61A" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="06A5A95FB9BEC8EA574514149843C497">
<emphasis id="7D70722CA5773D65CCB5FF7A5CBCB968" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="49A5D2D23E4223BA995110942A004981" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="01130EBACA2686A756DB872E1C2D3798" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
): Total length 1.11 (1.20 with clypeus), prosoma 0.40 long, 0.53 wide, opisthosoma 0.71 long, 0.54 wide. Leg I missing, leg II: 4.88 (1.30, 0.20, 1.18, 1.62, 0.58), leg III: 3.92 (1.00, 0.19, 0.96, 1.27, 0.50), leg IV: 4.76 (1.27, 0.20, 1.17, 1.55, 0.57). Eye interdistances and diameters: 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMXAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
– 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQXAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.10, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUXAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.06, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYXAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
– 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3XAE" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.02, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAYAE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
absent. Sternum width / length: 0.43 / 0.33. Habitus as in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="F97165645B88BBE35A7C45B135BCCE43" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 E, F</figureCitation>
. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellowish, with indistinct median and posterior marks; sternum yellowish, with indistinct marginal marks. Legs whitish, without darker rings. Opisthosoma yellowish, without spots. Thoracic furrow absent. Clypeus unmodified. Chelicerae with pair of proximo-lateral apophyses (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIYAE" xlink_title="proximo-lateral apophysis">pa</abbrev>
in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="F7735F24E7FC3E266416A055D8FF473A" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 D</figureCitation>
) and pair of distal apophyses (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQYAE" xlink_title="distal apophysis">da</abbrev>
in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="29216B5F89C9915DBA88959AF361D2C2" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 D</figureCitation>
; distance between tips: 0.11). Palp as in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="EAA9CF616EE74F0DB14B79AB4FA3787E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">2 A, B</figureCitation>
; trochanter with ventral apophysis (arrow in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="61C46B6B12E3AE8267484813FF82A3FA" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">2 B</figureCitation>
); procursus simple proximally but complex distally, with sclerotized prolatero-subdistal apophysis (arrow 
<quantity id="FAB069E3E77C47E44F21161757B8B4D5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
Figs 
<figureCitation id="9FCF1FA4ADA66625F369A14171F67FCD" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">2 C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="7DE58ED941F205E797C691F327083A0D" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at same structures as photos of each species) A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113532">8 A</figureCitation>
), prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella (arrow 
<quantity id="AC59737CEA2D3A0149A5969036EC9D0D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
Figs 
<figureCitation id="248CB67DCDB7A2A94F45072512D1F1EF" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">2 C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="95031C5FF0C683372840D1F1996572C4" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at same structures as photos of each species) A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113532">8 A</figureCitation>
), and retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella (arrow in Figs 
<figureCitation id="EBADD590986532A1C265E5425863895C" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male A, B palp (A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow points at ventral apophysis) C, D distal part of procursus (C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-subdistal apophysis, arrow 2 points at prolatero-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view, arrow points at retrolatero-subdistal membranous lamella). Abbreviation: pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113526">2 D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="E2910901493A886DF4576B56136EB5AF" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Procursus in prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at same structures as photos of each species) A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviation: f = flap. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113532">8 B</figureCitation>
); bulb with hooked apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYZAE" xlink_title="bulbal apophysis">ba</abbrev>
in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="151D6E54CDF98043F0AC66C1AEC00080" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 C</figureCitation>
) and simple embolus (e in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="E72DEA19F3E18085D291373EAD35C737" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="258A0E235D1E9A4E20DF874FA7A33D29">
<emphasis id="A64FE2EC32E46DAA9F5ABD678427683B" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="D6768E7AF39EDAD262A8FA0D0FD8E1C9" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="F175DBEC929227FBC283F2FDC22D717C" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
, 
<named-content id="E663A68CC2267E7125DA8676AD4285BD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
<collectionCode id="80403D6C7AABE0C49D21F55F48ABC4C0" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
- 
<specimenCode id="2BC8291D3AB8F50349DB198E158E282D">Ar 44989</specimenCode>
): Similar to male, habitus as in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="569D66C476A46A7BD9F1BD870DD2FC5F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 G, H</figureCitation>
. Total length 1.57 (1.66 with clypeus), prosoma 0.43 long, 0.56 wide, opisthosoma 1.14 long, 0.90 wide. Leg I: 6.87 (1.86, 0.24, 1.78, 2.16, 0.83); tibia I 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET1AE" xlink_title="length/diameter">L / d</abbrev>
: 36. Eye interdistances and diameters: 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX1AE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
– 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E21AE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.06, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E61AE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.05, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED2AE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
– 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH2AE" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.02, 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL2AE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
absent. Sternum width / length: 0.40 / 0.33. Epigyne simple and flat, with pair of median pockets 0.08 apart (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP2AE" xlink_title="epigynal pocket">ep</abbrev>
in Figs 
<figureCitation id="49A6E1FE235526E11D21077A3824D4F9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="C812868C304E56F46480F7401BBFBF9E" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113533">9 A</figureCitation>
). Vulva with straight anterior arch (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E22AE" xlink_title="anterior arch">aa</abbrev>
in Figs 
<figureCitation id="6305FE375ACBD9A00D1F29B0C4906819" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="DC048A8831F58CBB6E39E74A3BFED092" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113533">9 B</figureCitation>
) and pair of nearly triangular pore plates (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH3AE" xlink_title="pore plate">pp</abbrev>
in Figs 
<figureCitation id="B770BCA1EE5F122AB404967DAD24DF54" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Belisana langping sp. nov., holotype male (C – F) and paratype female (A, B, G, H) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus (E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (A – D); 0.30 mm (E – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113527">3 B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="F61A8F4F86783D6EE9A25E5059467BF4" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Female genitalia in ventral and dorsal views A, B Belisana langping sp. nov. C, D B. lingui sp. nov. E, F B. tianyang sp. nov. Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, ep = epigynal pocket, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113533">9 B</figureCitation>
). Retrolateral trichobothria on tibia I at 5 % proximally; legs with short vertical setae on metatarsi; tarsus I with 16 distinct pseudosegments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ET3AE" type="variation">
<paragraph id="778048E155BB38EA42A44C08278ABC74">
<heading id="4E07472B386213574F4BCE27ACA16279" reason="title">Variation.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B096EAC8E7FA66C46A83DF445DED4936">
Tibia I in other 
<specimenCount id="68244C157CBE3E366D428B4403655907" count="3" type="female">three female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="9F552BCB7F1B20DF6C2515644613281E" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<named-content id="C7C4E17D71AE70A1A83A9EB8E35958E8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
<collectionCode id="94C556109A4FFAC8EB9188DBA687D69E" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
- 
<specimenCode id="6922CCDAB43FE9E7935FAE54DA3FD9BB">Ar 44990</specimenCode>
–92): 1.80, 1.93, 1.98.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E43AE" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="A311BA66AEDE1C7C9D14D452419D19BD">
<heading id="CD9C158E4BDDBC3A146FAAC29245C771" reason="title">Habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="498F0662B1ACB6DC88945F0C120C4218">The species was found in the dark zone inside the cave.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EC4AE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EB0F1DFEA7152634EE1C7801BEFF061D">
<heading id="C7B11C15C94AA9A5B141D0FF3291B2E9" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D509B5BF122A6F54B9F4B3013FE22945">
<collectingCountry id="292048F0AC867206C3FC42BD4EE560E4" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="0F0E530F4078D3997A53B9109623F516" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, type locality; Fig. 
<figureCitation id="CC08D0D06D30C685CBB5EFCF1FE1CBEA" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution records of the Belisana species from Guangxi, China 1 Belisana colubrina Zhang &amp; Peng, 2011 2 B. guilin Yao &amp; Li, 2020 3 B. langping sp. nov. 4 B. lingui sp. nov. 5 B. naling Yao &amp; Li, 2020 6 B. parallelica Zhang &amp; Peng, 2011 7 B. tianlinensis Zhang &amp; Peng, 2011 8 B. tianyang sp. nov. 9 B. tongle Zhang, Chen &amp; Zhu, 2008 10 B. xuanguan Yao &amp; Li, 2020 11 B. zhangi Tong &amp; Li, 2007." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1209.127951.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1113525">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>