<documentid="4B5A311B5044FCC02BF9BF03E346C32C"ID-CLB-Dataset="26281"ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.860.19961"ID-GBIF-Dataset="37b2a078-3f92-4ec2-b892-d3e0a567f7d8"ID-PMC="PMC6624213"ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-860-1"ID-PubMed="31327927"ID-ZooBank="11140DC997444A479EC83AF9E2891BAB"ModsDocAuthor=""ModsDocDate="2019"ModsDocID="1313-2970-860-1"ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 860"ModsDocTitle="A review of gorgonian coral species (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) held in the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History research collection: focus on species from Scleraxonia, Holaxonia, and Calcaxonia – Part I: Introduction, species of Scleraxonia and Holaxonia (Family Acanthogorgiidae)"checkinTime="1562310422136"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Horvath, Elizabeth Anne"docDate="2019"docId="989D8C6FB2DE7EBBCE9B51A5B0B5CF50"docLanguage="en"docName="ZooKeys 860: 1-66"docOrigin="ZooKeys 860"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.860.19961"docTitle="Anthothelidae Broch 1916"docType="treatment"docVersion="7"lastPageNumber="1"masterDocId="843C0C24FF815E5FFFDD405D045AFFC6"masterDocTitle="A review of gorgonian coral species (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) held in the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History research collection: focus on species from Scleraxonia, Holaxonia, and Calcaxonia - Part I: Introduction, species of Scleraxonia and Holaxonia (Family Acanthogorgiidae)"masterLastPageNumber="66"masterPageNumber="1"pageNumber="1"updateTime="1732599584502"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:titleid="5194BF48A28BABFAEB66336B935B8B80">A review of gorgonian coral species (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) held in the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History research collection: focus on species from Scleraxonia, Holaxonia, and Calcaxonia - Part I: Introduction, species of Scleraxonia and Holaxonia (Family Acanthogorgiidae)</mods:title>
<paragraphid="4FA6C69D9AAE6B8C18CC9220627ECB11"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">Branches of colonies slender. Polyps monomorphic, with prominent calyces, anthocodiae usually exsert. Axis not jointed, without a cross-chambered central core. Medulla surrounded by longitudinal boundary canals (of roughly equal size) separating it from cortex; medulla only rarely perforated by gastrodermal solenia in smaller branches and even then, not as extensively as in lower parts of colony; in larger branches, medulla perforated by solenia. Generally, medulla with separable sclerites; medullar sclerites stout spindles (not needle-like), thorny, ornamented with warts, spines or branching processes, that may link sclerites together. Sclerites of coenenchyme longer fusiform spindles, sometimes clavate or bent, occasionally with radiate bodies and capstans (rarely).</paragraph>
<bibRefCitationid="054215791D4468623D9A349F0782FBF6"author="Bayer, FM"journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="902 - 947"title="Key to the genera of Octocorallia exclusive of Pennatulacea (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) with diagnoses of new taxa."url="https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/978"volume="94"year="1981 c">Bayer 1981c</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitationid="2D8ADB2E7897BA39E3C9C5474FED3BFE"author="Fabricius, KE"journalOrPublisher="Australian Institute of Marine Science, Queensland, Australia"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"title="Soft Corals and Sea Fans: A Comprehensive Guide to the tropical shallow-water genera of the Central-West Pacific, the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea."year="2001">Fabricius and Alderslade 2001</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="DC03CFB990BC44E77FF33D163338D9F3"author="Fabricius, KE"journalOrPublisher="Australian Institute of Marine Science, Queensland, Australia"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"title="Soft Corals and Sea Fans: A Comprehensive Guide to the tropical shallow-water genera of the Central-West Pacific, the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea."year="2001">Fabricius and Alderslade (2001)</bibRefCitation>
noted that the "decision whether to categorize a particular genus as a stoloniferan becomes so subjective that the name plainly has limited classificatory value....." Use of the Order
<bibRefCitationid="4BAEC28C40C2AD084767EC063C4F026C"author="Hickson, SJ"journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society London"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="541 - 557"title="Some Alcyonaria and a Stylaster from the west coast of North America."url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1915.00541.x"volume="37"year="1915">Hickson 1915</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitationid="EFB7C43827FE8C055FFE62C68F442DE9"author="Molander, AR"journalOrPublisher="Arkiv for Zoologi"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="1 - 12"title="Der Kelch als systematischer Charakter bei den Alcyonaceen."volume="11"year="1918">Molander 1918</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitationid="0F008CB11C02C381BB5BBAFB5ABB814B"author="Bayer, FM"journalOrPublisher=") Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="1 - 373"title="The shallow-water Octocorallia of the West Indian Region: (A manual for marine biologists). In: Hummelinck W (Ed."volume="12"year="1961">Bayer 1961</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitationid="924689B417194D907EF8323134D02F7A"author="Bayer, FM"journalOrPublisher="Academia Brasileira de Ciencia, Rio de Janeiro"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"title="Status of Knowledge of Octocorals of World Seas. Seminarios de Biologia Marinha, Sao Paulo, 9 - 15 Fevereiro de 1980."url="https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/1237"year="1981 a">Bayer 1981a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitationid="9438E0C400AC548366F2454E655B3AE4"author="Bayer, FM"journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="878 - 901"title="On some genera of stoloniferous Octocorals (Coelenterata: Anthozoa), with descriptions of new taxa."url="https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/971"volume="94"year="1981 b">b</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitationid="15C819776322BB87F79A94D0319BEDD8"author="Bayer, FM"journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="902 - 947"title="Key to the genera of Octocorallia exclusive of Pennatulacea (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) with diagnoses of new taxa."url="https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/978"volume="94"year="1981 c">c</bibRefCitation>
,
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). Currently, the classification of species in the family is determined by the presence of a membranous colony form, presence, or absence of coenenchyme layers surrounding an axis, and the way in which polyps arise from the membranous base.
Any membranous octocoral colony currently held in the SBMNH collection (few in number, small in size, deteriorated due to early formalin storage) could be a member of either the genus
). A detailed examination of the few colonies held in the SBMNH collection, in comparison with material housed elsewhere is needed; that necessitates a separate project, to be undertaken at some future date. Most of the material in the SBMNH collection with membranous colony form is present in a very fragile state; a more detailed description for each will not be easy, in some instances, not possible at all. It is likely that even with a more thorough examination of the material held at SBMNH, the results will necessarily be inconclusive. A complete revision of the genus
<bibRefCitationid="7EF33B97A0E3850DB39D64A4A83D3E96"author="Moore, KM"journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination=": 1"title="A taxonomic revision of Anthothela (Octocorallia: Scleraxonia: Anthothelidae) and related genera, with the addition of new taxa, using morphological and molecular data."url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4304.1.1"volume="4304"year="2017">Moore et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
