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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-222-75" ID-Pensoft-UUID="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" ModsDocID="1314-2003-222-75" checkinTime="1679617121532" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Maas, Paul J. M., Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje, Andre, Thiago, Skinner, David, Valderrama, Eugenio &amp; Specht, Chelsea D." docDate="2023" docId="C79736589BB95B08846BF3556F31AB88" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 222: 75-127" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 222" docPubDate="2023-03-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" docTitle="Costus pitalito C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" masterDocTitle="Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1679617121532" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Andre, Thiago</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4148-3662</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Brasilia, Departamento de Botanica, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasilia (DF), Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Skinner, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-925X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Le Jardin Ombrage, Tallahassee, (Private botanical garden, Botanic Gardens Conservation International - BGCI - registration ID 50148), Florida, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Valderrama, Eugenio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Specht, Chelsea D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7746-512X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cdspecht@cornell.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>222</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>75</mods:start>
<mods:end>127</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-222-75</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C79736589BB95B08846BF3556F31AB88" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C79736589BB95B08846BF3556F31AB88" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName LSID="C7973658-9BB9-5B08-846B-F3556F31AB88" authority="C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas" authorityName="C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus pitalito" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pitalito" status="sp. nov.">Costus pitalito C.D.Specht &amp; H.Maas</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="75">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus pitalito" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pitalito">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus pitalito</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Costus pitalito C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas A inflorescence as seen from above showing hairs on the margins of the bracts B close-up of single flower with attached bracteole (bl) indicating the calyx (ca), petals (pe) and labellum (lab) C indument of abaxial leaf surface D flower as viewed from the top showing the open labellum (lab) and single fertile stamen (st) E close-up of swollen leaf sheaths F leaf ligule. Photos of type specimen Maas et al. 10733 taken prior to pressing A-E by Chelsea Specht, F by Paul Maas." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828355" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">16</figureCitation>
) looks superficially like
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. leucanthus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leucanthus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. leucanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas based on the shared light-coloured flowers and a very long ligule, but it differs from
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. leucanthus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leucanthus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. leucanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by markedly obtuse ligule lobes and bracts with densely brownish villose margins.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828355" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 16" startId="F16">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figure 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus pitalito" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pitalito">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus pitalito</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C.D.Specht &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
inflorescence as seen from above showing hairs on the margins of the bracts
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
close-up of single flower with attached bracteole (bl) indicating the calyx (ca), petals (pe) and labellum (lab)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C</emphasis>
indument of abaxial leaf surface
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
flower as viewed from the top showing the open labellum (lab) and single fertile stamen (st)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">E</emphasis>
close-up of swollen leaf sheaths
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">F</emphasis>
leaf ligule. Photos of type specimen
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Maas et al. 10733</emphasis>
taken prior to pressing
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A-E</emphasis>
by Chelsea Specht,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">F</emphasis>
by Paul Maas.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-07-19" collectorName="Maas, Valderrama, Specht, Erkens, Rodriguez" country="Colombia" county="San Juan de Villalobos" elevation="1590" location="Maas-van de Kamer" municipality="Pitalito" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cauca" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Cauca">Cauca</collectingRegion>
: forested roadside from
<collectingCounty>San Juan de Villalobos</collectingCounty>
to
<collectingMunicipality>Pitalito</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.59" unit="m" value="1590.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.59" unit="m" value="1590.0">1590 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2018-07-19">19 Jul 2018</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<collectorName>Maas</collectorName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C79736589BB95B08846BF3556F31AB88:C3381EF87B4E9F16506DC547D6570434" country="Colombia" county="San Juan de Villalobos" municipality="Pitalito" name="Maas-van de Kamer" stateProvince="Cauca">Maas-van de Kamer</location>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<collectorName>Valderrama</collectorName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<collectorName>Specht</collectorName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<collectorName>Erkens</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Rodriguez</collectorName>
10733
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
L, 2 sheets)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Herb</emphasis>
1.7- 2.5 m tall.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Leaves</emphasis>
sheaths ca. 35 mm diam; ligule deeply 2-lobed, 45-70 mm long, lobes rounded, obtuse; petiole 10-20 mm long; sheaths, ligule and petiole densely, brownish villose; lamina narrowly elliptic, 30-45
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
12.5-14 cm, adaxially glabrous but sparsely brownish villose when young, abaxially densely brownish villose, base acute, apex acuminate (acumen ca. 10 mm long).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Inflorescence</emphasis>
suglobose, 11-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
9-11 cm, terminating a leafy shoot; bracts rather densely villose, appendages of bracts sparsely villose to glabrous, its margins densely brownish villose, bracteole and calyx sparsely puberulous, ovary and capsule rather densely sericeous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Flowers</emphasis>
abaxially oriented to erect; bracts red, coriaceous, broadly ovate, 3-4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3 cm; appendages green, foliaceous, cup-shaped, erect to patent, broadly ovate-triangular, 1-1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-1.5 cm, apex obtuse to acute; bracteole 1- to 2-keeled, 30-32 mm long; calyx red, apex green, 20-22 mm long, lobes ovate-triangular, 10-12 mm long; corolla pale yellow to hyaline, base pinkish, 55-60 mm long, glabrous, lobes narrowly elliptic, 35-40 mm long, with filiform apex; labellum light yellow to cream, darker yellow in throat, distal edge horizontally spreading, broadly obovate, ca. 70
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
70-80 mm, margin irregularly dentate to crenate; stamen cream, ca. 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
15 mm, apex reflexed, irregularly dentate, not exceeding the labellum, anther ca. 13 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Capsule</emphasis>
ellipsoid, ca. 25 mm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
Colombia (Cauca, Putumayo) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner &amp; Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas &amp; H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner &amp; Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas &amp; D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas &amp; H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas &amp; H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner &amp; Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas &amp; H. Maas." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">22E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Along forested roadsides, at an elevation of ca. 1600 m. Flowering and fruiting: May and July.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
This species is named
<normalizedToken originalValue="“pitalito”">&quot;pitalito&quot;</normalizedToken>
after its type locality near Pitalito, in the Colombian department of Cauca.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Colombia. Putumayo</emphasis>
: Mun.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagarzón">Villagarzon</normalizedToken>
, carretera a Puerto Asis, 4 May 1994,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández-Alonso">Fernandez-Alonso</normalizedToken>
et al. 11440
</emphasis>
(COL).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus pitalito" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pitalito">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus pitalito</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
looks superficially like
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. leucanthus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leucanthus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. leucanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas by its white flowers and a very long ligule, but it differs by obtuse ligule lobes and bracts with densely brownish villose margins.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>