treatments-xml/data/9C/19/87/9C19879A5A354E30FF246AF7FF43FB7F.xml

<document id="AE1BFD86B915A5F97BC17900597311C4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5512.3.7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13849018" ID-ZooBank="0A55482B-7C65-480D-8BA3-FF60F84AB5EB" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1727439976157" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany, Córdoba-Suarez, Eric &amp; Riccardi, Paula Raile" docDate="2024" docId="9C19879A5A354E30FF246AF7FF43FB7F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5512.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5512 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5512.3.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="442" masterDocId="6020FFE25A304E37FFB36F50FF87FF96" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Apotropina Hendel, 1907 (Diptera: Chloropidae) of the Colombian Andean-Amazon cloud forest" masterLastPageNumber="444" masterPageNumber="435" pageNumber="440" updateTime="1727704630546" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="EB0088FEAADA85CCDF2A2B28E87CF948">Three new species of Apotropina Hendel, 1907 (Diptera: Chloropidae) of the Colombian Andean-Amazon cloud forest</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="131F39C64D4C18FE65F4CC9B7A349830">Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B79EC55F059BEB5E6075582C94A3791D">Córdoba-Suarez, Eric</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9D5EC19D58B8694AE865EAA58ADE3194">Universidad de la Amazonia, Grupo de Investigación en Entomología Universidad de la Amazonia - GIEUA-, Laboratorio de Entomología - LEUA-, Av. 11 5 - 69 Juan XXIII, Florencia, Caquetá, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6D01690083D7B8E293997D7B825AAED4">Riccardi, Paula Raile</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B2BB7A5D9AB279A4C89575BC4B29C680">Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="5CAA65075A354E32FF246AF7FE5CFA57" box="[151,475,1446,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="440" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="140F368C5A354E32FF246AF7FE5CFA57" blockId="5.[151,475,1446,1509]" box="[151,475,1446,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">
<heading id="4F4781E05A354E32FF246AF7FE5CFA57" bold="true" box="[151,475,1446,1473]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="440" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D3B04D0F5A354E32FF246AF7FEF2FA57" authorityName="Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,373,1446,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Apotropina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="440" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A354E32FF246AF7FEF2FA57" bold="true" box="[151,373,1446,1473]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Apotropina similis</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="5CAA65075A354E32FF246A9BFEA0FA73" box="[151,295,1483,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="440" type="description">
<paragraph id="140F368C5A354E32FF246A9BFEA0FA73" blockId="5.[151,475,1446,1509]" box="[151,295,1483,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">
(
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A354E32FF2C6A9BFE98FA73" box="[159,287,1483,1509]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 17–24" captionStart-1="FIGURES 25–26. 25" captionStartId-0="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,264,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox-0="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetBox-1="[154,1432,1284,1828]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetId-1="figure-470@7.[151,1435,1281,1831]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." captionText-1="FIGURES 25–26. 25, Geographical occurrence for all species of Apotropina of the Colombia; 26, Malaise trap stretched across small stream in habitat of Apotropina longicerci Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov., A. ruidosa Ramos- Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. and A. similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849028" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13849028/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Figs 17–26</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CAA65075A354E32FF246942FE45F92B" pageId="5" pageNumber="440" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="140F368C5A354E32FF246942FE45F92B" blockId="5.[151,1436,1554,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A354E32FF246942FE95F9BA" bold="true" box="[151,274,1554,1580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Postpedicel rounded, dark brown on upper ¾, yellow on lower ¼ in external surface (
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A354E32FB7F6943FA98F9BB" box="[1228,1311,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
); fore coxa dark brown (
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A354E32FE9F6967FE05F9C7" box="[300,386,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
); all trochanters and anterior apex of tibiae yellowish brown (
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A354E32FBFC6967FB23F9C7" box="[1103,1188,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
), tibial organ narrow, dark gray, ~ 3.3× shorter than hind tibial length (
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A354E32FD7E690BFCA4F9E3" box="[717,803,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
); hind tibial spur straight and shorter than tibial width; surstylus narrowed in profile (
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A354E32FE59692FFDB9F90F" box="[490,574,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
); cercus at least 1.5× wider than long, with straight setae, one seta as long as the surstylus (
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A354E32FE8069F3FE31F92B" box="[307,438,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Figs 23–24</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CAA65075A354E30FF746996FE44FC17" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="442" pageId="5" pageNumber="440" type="description">
<paragraph id="140F368C5A354E30FF746996FE69FCCB" blockId="5.[151,1436,1554,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,1257]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="442" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A354E32FF746996FE30F976" bold="true" box="[199,439,1734,1760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Description. MALE</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="CB0B882E5A354E32FE7A6997FDB5F977" box="[457,562,1735,1761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="440" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Body length 
<quantity id="D3489B695A354E32FD6C6997FCBBF977" box="[735,828,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="440" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
. Wing length 
<quantity id="D3489B695A354E32FC516997FBB9F977" box="[994,1086,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="440" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
. Body dark brown with ochre pruinosity. 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A354E32FEA469BBFED0F893" bold="true" box="[279,343,1771,1797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A354E32FEDB69BBFE6BF893" box="[360,492,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="440">Figs 17–18</figureCitation>
). Wider than long dorsally and longer than high in profile. Ocellar seta as long as inner and outer vertical setae. Postocellar seta cruciate, ~ equal in length to ocellar seta. Three strong fronto-orbital setae, the anterior seta ~ ½ the length of posterior setae, the two posterior setae ~ each equal in length to the ocellar seta; anterior fronto-orbital proclinate, posterior two fronto-orbitals lateroclinate. Inner vertical seta proclinate, outer vertical seta lateroclinate. Frons dark brown basally, yellowish on apical ¼, slightly wider than long, lateral margins diverging posteriorly to vertex, apical margin sinuous. Ocellar triangle extending to ~ ⅔ length of frons, posterior margin nearly as wide as frons, lateral margins straight, apex acute; macula blackish. Eye oval, long axis slightly oblique. Face pale yellow, about as high as wide; postpedicel rounded, dark brown on upper ¾, yellow on lower ¼ in external surface; arista black, with short, sparse pubescence, as long as ½ frons; genal height equal to height of postpedicel, with whitish pruinosity: one vibrissa; occiput and postgena dark brown; proboscis brown; palpus yellow with yellow setulae; clypeus darkened. 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FCBD6E53FCE0FE8B" bold="true" box="[782,871,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A374E30FCCA6E53FB85FE8B" box="[889,1026,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Figs 17, 19</figureCitation>
). Scutum ~ 1.2× longer than wide, pruinose; postpronotal lobe concolorous with scutum, with two long setae equal in length to notopleural setae; 1+1 notopleural setae; 5 strong dorsocentral setae, prescutellar dorsocentral seta ~ 2× longer than remaining dorsocentral setae; pleuron with gray brown pruinosity; katepisternun with pale setulae. Scutellum concolorous with scutum, with black pilosity, apical scutellar seta ~ 3× longer than subapical scutellar seta. Halter stem brown, knob brownish yellow. 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FF436EE6FEB6FE46" bold="true" box="[240,305,438,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A374E30FEF26EE7FE11FE47" box="[321,406,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
). Hyaline; costal ratios measured from 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FCE26EE7FCD8FE47" box="[849,863,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">h</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FCDC6EE7FC0FFE41" box="[879,904,439,471]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
R 
<subScript id="883434C95A374E30FC336E99FC0FFE41" attach="left" box="[896,904,457,471]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FC246EE7FC43FE41" box="[919,964,439,471]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
R 
<subScript id="883434C95A374E30FC1B6E99FC43FE41" attach="left" box="[936,964,457,471]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">2+3</subScript>
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FC606EE7FB87FE41" box="[979,1024,439,471]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
R 
<subScript id="883434C95A374E30FC576E99FB87FE41" attach="left" box="[996,1024,457,471]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">4+5</subScript>
</emphasis>
is 4: 5.4: 3.5: 1.9; veins 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FAAA6EE7FAC2FE41" box="[1305,1349,439,471]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
R 
<subScript id="883434C95A374E30FA996E99FAC2FE41" attach="left" box="[1322,1349,457,471]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">4+5</subScript>
</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FACE6EE7FA1BFE41" box="[1405,1436,439,471]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
M 
<subScript id="883434C95A374E30FA276E99FA1BFE41" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,457,471]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
subparallel; distance between 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FE5A6E8BFD96FE62" box="[489,529,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">r-m</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FDFA6E8BFD0EFE63" box="[585,649,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">dm-m</emphasis>
4× length of 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FC916E8BFCCDFE62" box="[802,842,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">r-m</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FCEB6E8BFC17FE63" bold="true" box="[856,912,475,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A374E30FC2C6E8BFC7FFE63" box="[927,1016,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Figs 17</figureCitation>
). Dark brown; fore coxa dark brown; all trochanters and anterior apex of tibiae yellowish brown, tibial organ narrow, dark gray, ~ 3.3× shorter than hind tibial length (
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A374E30FE9E6D73FE07FDAB" box="[301,384,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
); hind tibial spur straight and slightly shorter than width of tibia. 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FBEA6D72FB49FDAA" bold="true" box="[1113,1230,546,572]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A374E30FB6F6D73FAA8FDAB" box="[1244,1327,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). Tergites brown to dark brown. 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FE226D16FD93FDF6" bold="true" box="[401,532,582,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Terminalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A374E30FD976D17FD21FDF7" box="[548,678,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[151,1435,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 17–24. Apotropina similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. (LEUA-67423). Male. 17, Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 18, Head, frontal view; 19, Thorax, dorsal view; 20, Wing; 21, Terminalia, lateral view; 22, Terminalia, posterior view; 23, Terminalia, ventral view; 24, Terminalia illustration, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Figs 21–24</figureCitation>
). Postabdominal sclerites asymmetric; syntegosternite 7+8 about as long as hypandrium; sternite 6 curved, wider mesally; sternite 5 curved, wider medially, tapering to extremes, ~ 4.5× longer than wide. Epandrium brown, fusiform in profile, with brown pilosity, without laterobasal projection; subepandrial sclerite V-shaped, base narrower than cerci; surstylus with apical half yellow with short yellow setae, base slightly narrower than epandrial height laterally, apex acute; cercus at least 1.5× wider than long, with straight setae, one seta as long as the surstylus; cerci fused basally; anal lobe indistinct. Hypandrium with arms closed; basiphallus triangular; ~ ⅓ shorter than distiphallus; distiphallus sclerotized dorsally; pre- and postgonite equal in length; sperm pump indistinct.
</paragraph>
<caption id="40CF66045A364E31FF24686DFE9CF857" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849024" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13849024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849024/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="441" startId="6.[151,264,1853,1877]" targetBox="[155,1431,185,1825]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="140F368C5A364E31FF24686DFE9CF857" blockId="6.[151,1437,1853,1985]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FF24686DFED4F8C3" bold="true" box="[151,339,1853,1877]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">FIGURES 17–24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D3B04D0F5A364E31FEEB686EFC67F8C3" authority="Ramos-Pastrana, Cordoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi" authorityName="Ramos-Pastrana, Cordoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi" authorityYear="2024" box="[344,992,1853,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Apotropina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="441" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FEEB686EFD95F8C3" box="[344,530,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">Apotropina similis</emphasis>
Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FC56686DFBB2F8C3" bold="true" box="[997,1077,1853,1877]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DF757E55A364E31FC56686DFBB2F8C3" box="[997,1077,1853,1877]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(LEUA-67423). Male. 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FA91686DFAC6F8C3" bold="true" box="[1314,1345,1853,1877]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">17,</emphasis>
Habitus, left lateral view, black box shows the detail of the tibial organ in the hind tibia; 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FC056831FC51F8EF" bold="true" box="[950,982,1889,1913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">18,</emphasis>
Head, frontal view; 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FB166831FB42F8EF" bold="true" box="[1189,1221,1889,1913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">19,</emphasis>
Thorax, dorsal view; 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FF2468D5FF30F80B" bold="true" box="[151,183,1925,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">20,</emphasis>
Wing; 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FEB268D5FEA6F80B" bold="true" box="[257,289,1925,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">21,</emphasis>
Terminalia, lateral view; 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FD9668D5FDC2F80B" bold="true" box="[549,581,1925,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">22,</emphasis>
Terminalia, posterior view; 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FCD768D5FC04F80B" bold="true" box="[868,899,1925,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">23,</emphasis>
Terminalia, ventral view; 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A364E31FB3D68D5FB29F80B" bold="true" box="[1166,1198,1925,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="441">24,</emphasis>
Terminalia illustration, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="140F368C5A374E30FF746C36FE44FC17" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1257]" box="[199,451,870,897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FF746C36FEC1FC16" bold="true" box="[199,326,870,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">FEMALE.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CAA65075A374E30FF746CDBFEC5FB87" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="140F368C5A374E30FF746CDBFEC5FB87" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FF746CDBFEF1FC32" bold="true" box="[199,374,906,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="A4D83CD15A374E30FECE6CDAFCCAFC7B" collectingDate="1926-09-28" collectionCode="LEUA" collectorName="Y. Ramos-Pastrana Leg." country="Colombia" elevation="2292" latitude="1.87" location="Florencia" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-75.66917" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" specimenCode="LEUA-67423" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Caqueta" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FECE6CDAFD9BFC32" bold="true" box="[381,540,906,932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
<typeStatus id="CB0B882E5A374E30FECE6CDAFD9BFC32" box="[381,540,906,932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="02B6FD055A374E30FD906CDBFDBDFC33" box="[547,570,907,933]" count="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, deposited in 
<collectionCode id="72A1AE495A374E30FD6B6CDBFCA0FC33" box="[728,807,907,933]" collectionName="LEUA" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">LEUA</collectionCode>
: 
<collectingCountry id="6CA7761C5A374E30FC816CDBFC4DFC33" box="[818,970,907,933]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="D674F86E5A374E30FC656CDBFBB2FC33" box="[982,1077,907,933]" country="Colombia" name="Caqueta" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Caquetá</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="116F60575A374E30FBF36CDBFB2AFC33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C19879A5A354E30FF246AF7FF43FB7F:116F60575A374E30FBF36CDBFB2AFC33" box="[1088,1197,907,933]" country="Colombia" latitude="1.87" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-75.66917" name="Florencia" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" stateProvince="Caqueta">Florencia</location>
, Vda.[Vereda] Sucre, 
<geoCoordinate id="7184504B5A374E30FF246CE0FE90FC5D" box="[151,279,944,971]" degrees="01" direction="north" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" precision="15" seconds="12" value="1.87">01º52′12″N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="7184504B5A374E30FE936CE0FE2CFC5D" box="[288,427,944,971]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-75.66917">75º40′09″W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="D3489B695A374E30FE076CFFFD8EFC5F" box="[436,521,943,969]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.292" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2292.0">
<elevation id="9F9DD1BF5A374E30FE076CFFFD8EFC5F" box="[436,521,943,969]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.292" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2292.0">2292 m</elevation>
</quantity>
[eters], 
<date id="600E104C5A374E30FDE96CFFFD52FC5F" box="[602,725,943,969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" value="1926-09-28">
<collectingDate id="704AE9A45A374E30FDE96CFFFD52FC5F" box="[602,725,943,969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" value="1926-09-28">26–28.Sep</collectingDate>
</date>
[IX].2023, 
<collectorName id="B945535A5A374E30FCF86CFFFBD2FC5F" box="[843,1109,943,969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Y. Ramos-Pastrana Leg.</collectorName>
/ Captura con trampa Malaise colocada a nivel de un sistema lótico (al aire) / (
<specimenCode id="44169EF75A374E30FD176C83FCC2FC7B" box="[676,837,979,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">LEUA-67423</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="A4D83CD15A374E30FCE56C82FEB8FB87" collectingDate="1926-09-28" collectionCode="LEUA" collectorName="Y. Ramos-Pastrana" country="Colombia" elevation="2292" latitude="1.87" location="Florencia" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-75.66917" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" specimenCode="LEUA-67424-67439" specimenCount="16" specimenCount-male="16" stateProvince="Caqueta" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FCE56C82FB83FC7A" bold="true" box="[854,1028,978,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
<typeStatus id="CB0B882E5A374E30FCE56C82FC79FC7A" box="[854,1022,978,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
same data as holotype (
<specimenCount id="02B6FD055A374E30FAB86C83FAC5FC7B" box="[1291,1346,979,1005]" count="16" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" type="male">16 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCode id="44169EF75A374E30FAFB6C83FEB0FB87" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">LEUA-67424–67439</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CAA65075A374E30FF746B4BFF43FB7F" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="140F368C5A374E30FF746B4BFDF3FBCF" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FF746B4BFEC9FBA3" bold="true" box="[199,334,1051,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Etymology.</emphasis>
Latin 
<taxonomicName id="D3B04D0F5A374E30FE2B6B4BFE66FBA3" authorityName="Ramos-Pastrana, Cordoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi" authorityYear="2024" box="[408,481,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Apotropina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FE2B6B4BFE66FBA3" box="[408,481,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, meaning like, resembling; referring to the external morphological similarity with 
<taxonomicName id="D3B04D0F5A374E30FA376B4BFF6AFBCF" authorityName="Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Apotropina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruidosa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FA376B4BFA12FBA3" box="[1412,1429,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FF246B6FFF6AFBCF" box="[151,237,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">ruidosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FF476B6FFECAFBCF" bold="true" box="[244,333,1087,1113]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DF757E55A374E30FF476B6FFECAFBCF" box="[244,333,1087,1113]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D3B04D0F5A374E30FE376B6FFD94FBCF" authorityName="Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi" authorityYear="2024" box="[388,531,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Apotropina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicerci" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FE376B6FFE12FBCF" box="[388,405,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FE106B6FFD94FBCF" box="[419,531,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">longicerci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FDA96B6FFDF3FBCF" bold="true" box="[538,628,1087,1113]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DF757E55A374E30FDA96B6FFDF3FBCF" box="[538,628,1087,1113]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="140F368C5A374E30FF746B32FC4AFBEB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1257]" box="[199,973,1122,1149]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FF746B32FE7CFBEB" bold="true" box="[199,507,1122,1149]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Geographical occurrence.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="6CA7761C5A374E30FDB16B33FDF7FBEB" box="[514,624,1123,1149]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Colombia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="D674F86E5A374E30FDCC6B33FD58FBEB" box="[639,735,1123,1149]" country="Colombia" name="Caqueta" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Caquetá</collectingRegion>
, Florencia) (
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A374E30FCDE6B33FC46FBEB" box="[877,961,1122,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–26. 25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,1284,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-470@7.[151,1435,1281,1831]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25–26. 25, Geographical occurrence for all species of Apotropina of the Colombia; 26, Malaise trap stretched across small stream in habitat of Apotropina longicerci Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov., A. ruidosa Ramos- Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. and A. similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849028/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="140F368C5A374E30FF746BD6FF43FB7F" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="26C4EA9E5A374E30FF746BD6FEADFB36" bold="true" box="[199,298,1158,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Habitat.</emphasis>
The specimens were collected in a Malaise trap placed over a creek in the Low Montane Rainforest with dense secondary vegetation in the Andean-Amazonian transition corridor of 
<collectingCountry id="6CA7761C5A374E30FBFE6BFBFB3CFB53" box="[1101,1211,1195,1221]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Colombia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="70214B7D5A374E30FB7D6BFBFAD3FB53" author="CAM &amp; Corporacion Autonoma Regional &amp; Alto Magdalena" box="[1230,1364,1195,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="442" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref5249" refString="CAM [Corporacion Autonoma Regional del Alto Magdalena] (2018) Actualizacion Plan de manejo Ambiental - PmA- Parque Natural regional &quot; Cerro Paramo Miraflores Rigoberto Urriago &quot;. ONF Andina SAS, 2018, 1 - 183." type="journal article" year="2018">CAM 2018</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="8C8B2A095A374E30FADC6BFBFF30FB7F" captionStart="FIGURES 25–26. 25" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1855,1879]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,1284,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-470@7.[151,1435,1281,1831]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25–26. 25, Geographical occurrence for all species of Apotropina of the Colombia; 26, Malaise trap stretched across small stream in habitat of Apotropina longicerci Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov., A. ruidosa Ramos- Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov. and A. similis Ramos-Pastrana, Córdoba-Suarez &amp; Riccardi sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849028/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="442">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>