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<document id="0CD5D96ECD5C35C7C5200E8E12FCDAB0" ID-CLB-Dataset="59416" ID-DOI="10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.1.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="706c5847-2722-43a5-b1a5-e6c6359ec244" ID-ISSN="2624-2834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7754965" ID-ZooBank="13569AFC-51E9-4E8B-9457-BA419DCA6E20" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1679381620984" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="NEL, ANDRÉ, GARROUSTE, ROMAIN &amp; ENGEL, MICHAEL S." docDate="2023" docId="F55387CBFFAA347A7255FCAFF35BA57C" docLanguage="en" docName="palaeoentomology.6.1.9.pdf" docOrigin="Palaeoentomology 6 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.1.9" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E.4:Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E" docStyleName="Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Eornithoica grimaldii NEL &amp; GARROUSTE &amp; ENGEL 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="6234ECDE-4652-4FA1-9A6D-F765A993D8D8" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="096AFFB3FFAB3479717FFFC6F268A615" masterDocTitle="The earliest Pupipara (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea): A new genus and species from the lower Eocene of the Green River Formation" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="58" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1699477105665" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="975C69E17ABBCBA858F4EE2E4ADD6A07">The earliest Pupipara (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea): A new genus and species from the lower Eocene of the Green River Formation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A69E75BF9F045D8DB7592515E0F8534D">NEL, ANDRÉ</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B6EBA111928C48565ACD9CF1706075EF">GARROUSTE, ROMAIN</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0844A5664A8074760293AF3FD7FDF7D6">ENGEL, MICHAEL S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BDDB882D593824D9084E273DADFDD8EA">Palaeoentomology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="115D8272778D244B973194AB3A180A8A">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="A6ACD79E893EF1B756BF81AA34FC6BF3" type="DOI">10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.1.9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F55387CBFFAA347A7255FCAFF35BA57C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7759705" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209463394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7759705" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6234ECDE-4652-4FA1-9A6D-F765A993D8D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F55387CBFFAA347A7255FCAFF35BA57C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<subSubSection id="35E06556FFAA34787255FCAFF6EEA591" box="[810,1158,873,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7D4536DDFFAA34787255FCAFF6EEA591" blockId="1.[810,1452,873,1009]" box="[810,1158,873,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<heading id="260D81B1FFAA34787255FCAFF6EEA591" bold="true" box="[810,1158,873,900]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" reason="3">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA34787255FCAFF6EEA591" bold="true" box="[810,1158,873,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="BAFA4D5EFFAA34787255FCAFF64DA591" ID-CoL="BDMHG" authority="NEL &amp; GARROUSTE &amp; ENGEL, 2023" authorityName="NEL &amp; GARROUSTE &amp; ENGEL" authorityYear="2023" box="[810,1061,873,900]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Eornithoica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grimaldii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA34787255FCAFF64DA591" bold="true" box="[810,1061,873,900]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Eornithoica grimaldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54BD57B4FFAA34787553FCACF6EEA591" box="[1068,1158,874,900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="35E06556FFAA34787255FC48F18EA5E4" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph id="7D4536DDFFAA34787255FC48F18EA5E4" blockId="1.[810,1452,873,1009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
(
<figureCitation id="E5C12A58FFAA3478724DFC48F11AA5BD" box="[818,882,910,936]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,235,2003,2027]" captionTargetBox="[331,1256,189,1980]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[331,1256,189,1980]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Eornithoica grimaldii gen. et sp. nov., holotype FOBU17740, Photographs. A, Part, dry. B, Part, under ultra-violet light. C, Counterpart, dry. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7754967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7754967/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
<uri id="096B3ADFFFAA34787255FC74F18EA5E4" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="095C0C08FFAA34787540FC74F18EA5E4" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">6234ECDE-4652-4FA1-9A6D- F765A993D8D8</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35E06556FFAA34787255FBD9F6BDA294" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7D4536DDFFAA34787255FBD9F6BDA294" blockId="1.[810,1452,1054,2093]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<materialsCitation id="CD923C80FFAA34787255FBD9F6BDA294" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4063306301" collectionCode="FOBU" country="United States of America" location="Fossil Butte National Monument" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" specimenCode="FOBU17740" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Wyoming" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA34787255FBD9F1F6A22C" bold="true" box="[810,926,1055,1081]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<typeStatus id="A241887FFFAA34787255FBD9F1F1A22C" box="[810,921,1055,1081]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="2D5C9EA6FFAA347872CDFBD9F62BA22C" box="[946,1091,1055,1081]" collectionCode="FOBU" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">FOBU17740</specimenCode>
(part and counterpart of a complete fly), deposited in the collection of
<location id="78256006FFAA3478745CFB85F667A294" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F55387CBFFAA347A7255FCAFF35BA57C:78256006FFAA3478745CFB85F667A294" country="United States of America" name="Fossil Butte National Monument" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Wyoming">Fossil Butte National Monument</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="BF3EF83FFFAA34787566FBA1F6E2A294" box="[1049,1162,1127,1153]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="05ED764DFFAA347875E9FBA1F6BAA294" box="[1174,1234,1127,1153]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">USA</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35E06556FFAA34787220FB4DF1EDA304" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7D4536DDFFAA34787220FB4DF1EDA304" blockId="1.[810,1452,1054,2093]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA34787220FB4DF18EA2B0" bold="true" box="[863,998,1163,1189]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet is dedicated to Prof. Dr David A. Grimaldi, in recognition of his impressive contributions to the study of fossil insects and extant
<taxonomicName id="BAFA4D5EFFAA34787255FB31F1EAA304" box="[810,898,1271,1297]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35E06556FFAA34787220FADDF745A323" box="[863,1325,1307,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7D4536DDFFAA34787220FADDF745A323" blockId="1.[810,1452,1054,2093]" box="[863,1325,1307,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA34787220FADDF1B1A320" bold="true" box="[863,985,1307,1333]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
As for the genus (
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA347875D8FADDF775A320" box="[1191,1309,1307,1333]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">vide supra</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35E06556FFAA34787220FA86F1E7A3D2" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7D4536DDFFAA34787220FA86F1E7A3D2" blockId="1.[810,1452,1054,2093]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA34787220FA86F6FFA34C" bold="true" box="[863,1175,1343,1370]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Type locality and horizon.</emphasis>
Douglass Pass, Garfield County,
<collectingRegion id="BF3EF83FFFAA347872EDFAA2F195A36B" box="[914,1021,1380,1406]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Colorado</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="05ED764DFFAA3478756DFAA2F625A36B" box="[1042,1101,1380,1406]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">USA</collectingCountry>
, Early Eocene, Green River Formation, Parachute Creek Member, Ypresian, 46.2– 40.4 Ma.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35E06556FFAA347A7220FA16F00CA436" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph id="7D4536DDFFAA347A7220FA16F00CA436" blockId="1.[810,1452,1054,2093]" lastBlockId="3.[136,778,158,874]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA34787220FA16F199A3FF" bold="true" box="[863,1009,1488,1514]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">Description.</emphasis>
Body
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA3478753DFA17F60CA3FF" box="[1090,1124,1489,1514]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">ca.</emphasis>
7.0 mm long, as preserved, dark brown, covered with numerous stout spines and spurs; head poorly preserved, detached from thorax but originally deeply inserted between fore legs,
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA34787454F9FBF724A043" box="[1323,1356,1597,1622]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">ca.</emphasis>
<quantity id="BA029B38FFAA3478742BF9FBF7C4A042" box="[1364,1452,1597,1623]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
long, 1.0 mm wide, with mouthparts projected forward; compound eyes in lateral positions; ocelli not visible, apparently absent. Thorax
<quantity id="BA029B38FFAA3478751FF96FF6D2A0D1" box="[1120,1210,1705,1732]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="BA029B38FFAA34787477F96FF70BA0D1" box="[1288,1379,1705,1732]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
wide; thoracic segmental borders indistinct dorsally, but not completely obliterated; procoxae widely separated, with a large, distinctly less-sclerotized area between them; protergum distinctly shortened; mesothorax wider than long; mesocoxae widely separated; metacoxae widely separated; wings normally developed,
<quantity id="BA029B38FFAA3478759AF844F756A189" box="[1253,1342,1922,1948]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="6.4">6.4 mm</quantity>
long,
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFAA347874F5F845F7C4A189" box="[1418,1452,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="59">ca.</emphasis>
<quantity id="BA029B38FFAA34787255F860F1E8A1D5" box="[810,896,1958,1984]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
wide, slightly shorter than body; R1 short; R2+3 longer than R1, reaching wing midlength; R4+5, M1+2, and M3+4 long; crossveins r-m and i-m present but faint; R4+5 reaching wing margin distally with a broad cell between R2+3 and R4+5; eight long and stout spurs on costal margin; numerous strong spines/spurs on legs; procoxa inflated, greatly enlarged; tarsomeres I longer than tarsomeres II to IV, the latter distinctly shortened and compact; pretarsal claws recurved, not bifid, with a conspicuous base or heel; at least apex of mesotibia with a row of five stout spurs; mesofemur stout, as long as mesotibia; abdomen 3.0 mm long,
<quantity id="BA029B38FFA8347A7370FE5AF00EA7A2" box="[527,614,412,439]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
wide, covered with numerous long, stout spines/spurs, some situated on enlarged sclerotized bases; three large transverse dorsal sclerotized plates on basal-most segments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="29856655FFA9347B71F7F815F031AE1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7754967" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7754967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7754967/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" startId="2.[136,235,2003,2027]" targetBox="[331,1256,189,1980]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="7D4536DDFFA9347B71F7F815F031AE1A" blockId="2.[136,1452,2003,2063]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFA9347B71F7F815F36DA1FE" bold="true" box="[136,261,2003,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BAFA4D5EFFA9347B7072F815F383A1FE" authority="NEL &amp; GARROUSTE &amp; ENGEL, 2023" authorityName="NEL &amp; GARROUSTE &amp; ENGEL" authorityYear="2023" box="[269,491,2003,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Eornithoica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grimaldii" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFA9347B7072F815F383A1FE" box="[269,491,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">Eornithoica grimaldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFA9347B708CF815F0FCA1FE" bold="true" box="[499,660,2003,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54BD57B4FFA9347B708CF815F0FCA1FE" box="[499,660,2003,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype FOBU17740, Photographs.
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFA9347B7560F815F659A1FE" bold="true" box="[1055,1073,2003,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">A</emphasis>
, Part, dry.
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFA9347B75DBF815F6DDA1FE" bold="true" box="[1188,1205,2003,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">B</emphasis>
, Part, under ultra-violet light.
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFA9347B71BCF831F2BDAE1A" bold="true" box="[195,213,2039,2063]" pageId="2" pageNumber="60">C</emphasis>
, Counterpart, dry. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="35E06556FFA8347A71C2FDEBF35BA57C" pageId="3" pageNumber="61" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="7D4536DDFFA8347A71C2FDEBF35BA57C" blockId="3.[136,778,158,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFA8347A71C2FDEBF359A452" bold="true" box="[189,305,557,583]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">Remarks.</emphasis>
It is impossible to determine what host might have been visited by the present fossil, but given that basal hippoboscids are typically ectoparasitic on birds, it is likely that
<taxonomicName id="BAFA4D5EFFA8347A70EFFD5DF074A4A1" authorityName="NEL &amp; GARROUSTE &amp; ENGEL" authorityYear="2023" box="[400,540,666,692]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Eornithoica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grimaldii">
<emphasis id="4F8EEACFFFA8347A70EFFD5DF074A4A1" box="[400,540,666,692]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="61">E. grimaldii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was specialized for some extinct species of Aves. The bird fauna of the Green River Formation is rather diverse and certainly harbored any number of potential hosts for these flies (
<bibRefCitation id="196B4B2CFFA8347A73CEFCC1F2ACA550" author="Weidig, I." pageId="3" pageNumber="61" pagination="29 - 44" refId="ref5556" refString="Weidig, I. (2010) New birds from the Lower Eocene Green River Formation, North America. Records of the Australian Museum, 62, 29 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.62.2010.1544" type="journal article" year="2010">Weidig, 2010</bibRefCitation>
), but fossil bats are also present in this formation (
<bibRefCitation id="196B4B2CFFA8347A71EFFC96F34EA57C" author="Jepsen, G. L." box="[144,294,847,874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="61" pagination="1333 - 1339" refId="ref4248" refString="Jepsen, G. L. (1966) Early Eocene bat from Wyoming. Science (N. S.), 154, 1333 - 1339. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 1720355" type="journal article" year="1966">Jepsen, 1966</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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