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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0a9353f0-1f24-45f0-8ddc-bd941470a567" ID-PMC="PMC8626413" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1072-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="DDB04884FF7C52BD9D1814C0EA84E496" ID-PubMed="34899006" ID-ZooBank="9F578799E05F44118E2D378E3C17F3E3" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1072-1" checkinTime="1637381493323" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Li, Ya, Li, Shuqiang &amp; Lin, Yucheng" docDate="2021" docId="F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1072: 1-47" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1072" docPubDate="2021-11-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935" docTitle="Patu xiaoxiao Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin 2009" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="DDB04884FF7C52BD9D1814C0EA84E496" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="DDB04884FF7C52BD9D1814C0EA84E496" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic study on fourteen symphytognathid species from Asia (Araneae, Symphytognathidae)" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668151161727" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Taxonomic study on fourteen symphytognathid species from Asia (Araneae, Symphytognathidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Li, Ya</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1097-6192</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5416</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lisq@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lin, Yucheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-0633</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China &amp; The Sichuan Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">linyucheng@scu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-11-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1072</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>47</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1072-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9F578799E05F44118E2D378E3C17F3E3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">DDB04884FF7C52BD9D1814C0EA84E496</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="190343154" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="F957E33C-8191-5C62-BE12-5B46F8574DB2" authority="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin, 2009" authorityName="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Patu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patu xiaoxiao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">Patu xiaoxiao Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin, 2009</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Patu xiaoxiao A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Abbreviation: TS = male clasping spines on tibia II. Scale bars: 0.50 (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 14</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution records of fourteen species of genera Patu, Kirinua gen. nov. and Swilda gen. nov. in Asia 1 P. catba sp. nov. 2 P. dakou sp. nov. 3 P. damtao sp. nov. 4 P. jiangzhou sp. nov. 5 P. jidanweishi 6 P. nagarat sp. nov. 7 P. nigeri 8 P. putao sp. nov. 9 P. qiqi 10 P. xiaoxiao 11 K. maguai sp. nov. 12 K. yangshuo sp. nov. 13 S. longtou 14 S. spinathoraxi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612465" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 23</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Patu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patu xiaoxiao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">Patu xiaoxiao</taxonomicName>
Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin, 2009: 67, fig. 67G and H (♀).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
♀ (CASENT 9022329, HNU) and
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">paratypes</emphasis>
1♀ (CASENT 9029325, HNU)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">China</emphasis>
: Yunnan Province, Lushui County, Pianma Township, Changyanhe River, 9.3 km of ESE Pianma, mixed broadleaf deciduous and evergreen forest, Winkler extraction of sifted leaf litter (
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.99363" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="25.99363">25.99363°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="98.66651" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.66651">98.66651°E</geoCoordinate>
; 2470 m alt.), 12.V.2005, C. Griswold leg.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-08-10" collectorName="Y. Lin" country="China" county="Lushui County" elevation="2470" latitude="25.99363" location="Changyanhe River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.66651" municipality="Pianma Township" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(NHMSU-HA123)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty>Lushui County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Pianma Township</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2:B8097AF73B2A8A60706B02545B957E76" country="China" county="Lushui County" latitude="25.99363" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.66651" municipality="Pianma Township" name="Changyanhe River" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">Changyanhe River</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" unit="km" value="9.3">9.3 km</quantity>
of ESE
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2:B34D1874310FA2728FF9CE6B7C5DB594" country="China" county="Lushui County" latitude="25.99363" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.66651" municipality="Pianma Township" name="Pianma" stateProvince="Yunnan Province">Pianma</location>
, mixed broadleaf deciduous and evergreen forest, in leaf litter (
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.99363" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="25.99363">25.99363°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="98.66651" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.66651">98.66651°E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="m" value="2470.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="m" value="2470.0">2470 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.),
<collectingDate value="2018-08-10">10.VIII.2018</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>Y. Lin</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.;
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(NHMSU-HA123) and
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="MW970245 and MW970244" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Y. Lin" country="China" county="Lushui County" elevation="2470" latitude="25.99363" location="GenBank" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.66651" municipality="Pianma Township" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(NHMSU-HA123) used for sequencing,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2:1461FF2153230EE3420DC9DD27EC0ED0" country="China" county="Lushui County" latitude="25.99363" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.66651" name="GenBank" stateProvince="Yunnan">GenBank</location>
:
<accessionNumber isEnumeration="true">MW970245 and MW970244</accessionNumber>
, same data as preceding
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-08-19" collectorName="Y. Lin" country="China" county="Fugong County" elevation="2193" latitude="27.15546" location="Shiyueliang" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.80573" municipality="Shiyueliang Town" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
(NHMSU-HA124),
<collectingCounty>Fugong County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Shiyueliang Town</collectingMunicipality>
, along the road from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2:02DF753EDF768AA92A8ED588C8DA225F" country="China" county="Fugong County" latitude="27.15546" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.80573" municipality="Shiyueliang Town" name="Shiyueliang">Shiyueliang</location>
to
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F957E33C81915C62BE125B46F8574DB2:4610295031B5D09DDCDF50C5E323EA9E" country="China" county="Fugong County" latitude="27.15546" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.80573" municipality="Shiyueliang Town" name="Shibali Village">Shibali Village</location>
, primary forest (
<geoCoordinate degrees="27.15546" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.15546">27.15546°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="98.80573" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.80573">98.80573°E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.193" unit="m" value="2193.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.193" unit="m" value="2193.0">2193 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.),
<collectingDate value="2018-08-19">19.VIII.2018</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>Y. Lin</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The male of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. xiaoxiao" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. xiaoxiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other congeners, with the exception of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. woodwardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="woodwardi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. woodwardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by the stout bulb lacking a conductor or median apophysis and having a finger-like tegular process (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14A</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</figureCitation>
). It differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. woodwardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="woodwardi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. woodwardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the entire embolus completely embedded in the bulb (cf. Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14A</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</figureCitation>
and fig. 120 in
<bibRefCitation author="Forster, RR" journalOrPublisher="Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="269 - 329" refId="B1" refString="Forster, RR, 1959. The spiders of the family Symphytognathidae. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 86: 269 - 329" title="The spiders of the family Symphytognathidae." volume="86" year="1959">Forster 1959</bibRefCitation>
). Females of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. xiaoxiao" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. xiaoxiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from those of other congeners by having a wide, triangular parmula, dumb-bell-shaped spermathecae separated by ~ 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their width and arranged longitudinally in parallel, the copulatory ducts coiling into a loop and connecting to the postero-lateral corner of the spermathecae, the fertilisation ducts begin latero-medially on the spermathecae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14C-E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="new morphological data">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">New morphological data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male</emphasis>
(NHMSU-HA123). Total length 0.56. Carapace 0.28 long, 0.28 wide, 0.28 high. Clypeus 0.12 high. Sternum 0.20 long, 0.20 wide. Abdomen 0.36 long, 0.36 wide, 0.44 high. Length of legs: I 0.80 (0.20, 0.10, 0.20, 0.12, 0.18); II 0.72 (0.20, 0.10, 0.14, 0.12, 0.16); III 0.58 (0.14, 0.08, 0.14, 0.10, 0.12); IV 0.66 (0.18, 0.10, 0.14, 0.12, 0.12).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Somatic characters</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Patu xiaoxiao A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Abbreviation: TS = male clasping spines on tibia II. Scale bars: 0.50 (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13A-C</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colouration</emphasis>
: carapace light brown, thoracic centre and margin with darker patches. Mouthparts nut brown, endites and labium black. Sternum black, with a few light, small dots. Leg colour light yellow gradually grading to very dark brown, tibia darkest brown. Abdomen dorsally light grey, laterally dark greyish, ventrally and posteriorly charcoal black.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosoma</emphasis>
: carapace as long as wide, nearly round. Cephalic part vertical anteriorly and sloped posteriorly. Eyes, subequal in size. PER slightly recurved, ALE protruded. Chelicerae anterior surface flat. Labium semi-circular, wider than long. Sternum smooth, slightly plump.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs</emphasis>
: each patella with 1 disto-dorsal seta, 1 proximal and 1 disto-dorsal seta on each tibia. Tibia II with 2 ventral clasping spines.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Opisthosoma</emphasis>
: dorsally globose, laterally ovoid, clothed with black, long setae, cuticle rough with dots of varying shades and sizes. Spinnerets dark brown.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Patu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patu xiaoxiao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Patu xiaoxiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
male habitus, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
male habitus, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
male habitus, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
female habitus, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
female habitus, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
female habitus, lateral. Abbreviation: TS = male clasping spines on tibia II. Scale bars: 0.50 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Patu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patu xiaoxiao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Patu xiaoxiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
male palp, prolateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
male palp, retrolateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
vulva, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14A</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</figureCitation>
): size ~
<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
of carapace. Femur swollen, wider than patella, patella as long as ~
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
length of tibia. Tibia flat and lamellar. Tegulum smooth, with finger-like apical process. Embolus long, starting at retrolatero-medial part of tegulum, coiled into 2 loops inside bulb. Tip of embolus hidden within tegulum, not extended from top of bulb.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female.</emphasis>
Total length 0.56. Carapace 0.28 long, 0.28 wide, 0.24 high. Clypeus 0.08 high. Sternum 0.20 long, 0.20 wide. Abdomen 0.36 long, 0.32 wide, 0.40 high. Length of legs: I 0.70 (0.20, 0.06, 0.16, 0.14, 0.14); II 0.62 (0.14, 0.08, 0.14, 0.12, 0.14); III 0.52 (0.12, 0.06, 0.12, 0.08, 0.14); IV 0.60 (0.12, 0.08, 0.16, 0.10, 0.14).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Somatic characters</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Patu xiaoxiao A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Abbreviation: TS = male clasping spines on tibia II. Scale bars: 0.50 (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13D-F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colouration</emphasis>
: as in male, except lighter mouthparts and sternum.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosoma</emphasis>
: carapace longer than wide, pear-shaped. Eye arrangement as in male. PER straight. Cephalic part lower than in male.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs</emphasis>
: spination as in male, except for lack of clasping spines on tibia II.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Opisthosoma</emphasis>
: subovoid in dorsal view, cuticle. Spinnerets dark grey.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Patu xiaoxiao A male palp, prolateral B male palp, retrolateral C epigyne, ventral D vulva, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory ducts; Co = conductor; CO = copulatory opening; E = embolus; FD = fertilisation ducts; Fe = femur; MA = median apophysis; Pa = patella; Pl = parmula; S = spermathecae; T = tegulum; Ti = tibia; TP = tegular process. Scale bars: 0.10 (A-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14C-E</figureCitation>
): faintly sclerotised, internal structures nearly invisible via the cuticle. Parmula triangular, length equal to ca.
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
width, slightly protruded. Spermathecae nearly dumb-bell-shaped, longitudinally parallel, separated by ~ 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their width. Copulatory openings large. Copulatory ducts translucent, their width equal to ca. 2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of fertilisation ducts and folded at middle, distal part connected with postero-lateral part of spermathecae. Fertilisation duct shorter than a spermatheca length, narrow, originates from the lateral central position of spermathecae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
China (Yunnan) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution records of fourteen species of genera Patu, Kirinua gen. nov. and Swilda gen. nov. in Asia 1 P. catba sp. nov. 2 P. dakou sp. nov. 3 P. damtao sp. nov. 4 P. jiangzhou sp. nov. 5 P. jidanweishi 6 P. nagarat sp. nov. 7 P. nigeri 8 P. putao sp. nov. 9 P. qiqi 10 P. xiaoxiao 11 K. maguai sp. nov. 12 K. yangshuo sp. nov. 13 S. longtou 14 S. spinathoraxi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1072.67935.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/612465" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Miller, Griswold &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Patu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patu xiaoxiao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiaoxiao">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Patu xiaoxiao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described, based on three females. Based on supplementary materials from the type locality collected in 2018, the male is described for the first time here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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