<documentid="7C597A9801B20F080866D9B5F516BCF4"ID-CLB-Dataset="300699"ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.640.3.5"ID-GBIF-Dataset="85ad1242-47e0-4d79-acf2-5b189dcffcdf"ID-ISSN="1179-3163"ID-Zenodo-Dep="13213681"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme"IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme"IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe"IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme"checkinTime="1722601553112"checkinUser="felipe"docAuthor="Silva, Mariana B. A., Osti, João A. S., Bicudo, Denise C. & Marquardt, Gisele C."docDate="2024"docId="03F72A42FFB4B527618639BD20A4FD71"docLanguage="en"docName="phytotaxa.640.3.5.pdf"docOrigin="Phytotaxa 640 (3)"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.640.3.5"docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article"docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9"docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article"docStyleVersion="13"docTitle="Achnanthidium guarulhense M. B. A. Silva, Osti & Marquardt, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docVersion="4"lastPageNumber="279"masterDocId="FFCE523AFFB6B523610E39492075FFC1"masterDocTitle="Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. (Achnanthidiaceae, Bacillariophyta), a new diatom species from a Conservation Unit in Southeast Brazil"masterLastPageNumber="283"masterPageNumber="275"pageNumber="277"updateTime="1724769879379"updateUser="guilherme"zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED"zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:titleid="AE9064C9FD0D6334F5D5B9C5CFA8580A">Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. (Achnanthidiaceae, Bacillariophyta), a new diatom species from a Conservation Unit in Southeast Brazil</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="C64F6124A147E33027E37B2AEC30B72F">¹ Universidade de Guarulhos, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais. Praça Tereza Cristina 88, 07023 - 070 Guarulhos, SP, Brazil. ² Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, P. O. Box 19031, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="E6E86054C8AFC08E41C3040F4C039D43">¹ Universidade de Guarulhos, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais. Praça Tereza Cristina 88, 07023 - 070 Guarulhos, SP, Brazil. ² Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, P. O. Box 19031, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="C772B9EFDC590DB2D916DD8142BDE852">¹ Universidade de Guarulhos, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais. Praça Tereza Cristina 88, 07023 - 070 Guarulhos, SP, Brazil. ² Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, P. O. Box 19031, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. & ¹ Universidade de Guarulhos, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais. Praça Tereza Cristina 88, 07023 - 070 Guarulhos, SP, Brazil. ² Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, P. O. Box 19031, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. & ¹ Universidade de Guarulhos, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais. Praça Tereza Cristina 88, 07023 - 070 Guarulhos, SP, Brazil. ² Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, P. O. Box 19031, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="4C5EE0D7FFB4B521618639BD2330FECF"authority="M.B.A.Silva, Osti & Marquardt"authorityName="M. B. A. Silva, Osti & Marquardt"box="[136,837,244,271]"class="Bacillariophyceae"family="Achnanthidiaceae"genus="Achnanthidium"higherTaxonomySource="GBIF"kingdom="Chromista"order="Achnanthales"pageId="2"pageNumber="277"phylum="Ochrophyta"rank="species"species="guarulhense"status="sp. nov.">
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B52162BB39BD245FFECF"box="[949,1066,244,270]"captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–40"captionStart-1="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId-0="2.[136,243,1543,1565]"captionStartId-1="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox-0="[151,1409,619,1487]"captionTargetBox-1="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId-0="figure-173@2.[151,1436,619,1519]"captionTargetId-1="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId-0="2"captionTargetPageId-1="3"captionText-0="FIGURES 1–40. LM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm."captionText-1="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213683"figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13213683/files/figure.png"httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 1–49</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521606D387521A9FE97"box="[355,476,316,342]"captionStart="FIGURES 1–40"captionStartId="2.[136,243,1543,1565]"captionTargetBox="[151,1409,619,1487]"captionTargetId="figure-173@2.[151,1436,619,1519]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="FIGURES 1–40. LM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213683"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213683/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 1–40</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521635D382922A2FEBB"box="[595,727,352,378]"captionStart="FIGURES 1–40"captionStartId="2.[136,243,1543,1565]"captionTargetBox="[151,1409,619,1487]"captionTargetId="figure-173@2.[151,1436,619,1519]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="FIGURES 1–40. LM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213683"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213683/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 38–40</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521631E38CD22F6FE5F"box="[528,643,388,414]"captionStart="FIGURES 1–40"captionStartId="2.[136,243,1543,1565]"captionTargetBox="[151,1409,619,1487]"captionTargetId="figure-173@2.[151,1436,619,1519]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="FIGURES 1–40. LM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213683"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213683/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 1–37</figureCitation>
); 17.0–20.0 μm long and 3.0–4.0 μm wide (n= 40). Striae not discernible, except in the middle part of the valve where a few separated slightly radiated striae (2–5) become resolvable due to a wider spacing (
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521603A388521DCFE27"box="[308,425,460,486]"captionStart="FIGURES 1–40"captionStartId="2.[136,243,1543,1565]"captionTargetBox="[151,1409,619,1487]"captionTargetId="figure-173@2.[151,1436,619,1519]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="FIGURES 1–40. LM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213683"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213683/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 1–37</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B5216357388522BAFE27"box="[601,719,460,486]"captionStart="FIGURES 1–40"captionStartId="2.[136,243,1543,1565]"captionTargetBox="[151,1409,619,1487]"captionTargetId="figure-173@2.[151,1436,619,1519]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="FIGURES 1–40. LM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213683"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213683/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 1–29</figureCitation>
): Raphe filiform straight. Axial area linear-lanceolate, expanding to a small apically a linear-elliptic central area located between the proximal raphe ends (
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521656038B92497FDCB"box="[1134,1250,496,522]"captionStart="FIGURES 1–40"captionStartId="2.[136,243,1543,1565]"captionTargetBox="[151,1409,619,1487]"captionTargetId="figure-173@2.[151,1436,619,1519]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="FIGURES 1–40. LM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213683"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213683/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 1–29</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521619E3B5D2163FDEF"box="[144,278,532,558]"captionStart="FIGURES 1–40"captionStartId="2.[136,243,1543,1565]"captionTargetBox="[151,1409,619,1487]"captionTargetId="figure-173@2.[151,1436,619,1519]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="FIGURES 1–40. LM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213683"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213683/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 30–37</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B52162883B5D247EFDEE"box="[902,1035,532,559]"captionStart="FIGURES 1–40"captionStartId="2.[136,243,1543,1565]"captionTargetBox="[151,1409,619,1487]"captionTargetId="figure-173@2.[151,1436,619,1519]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="FIGURES 1–40. LM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213683"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213683/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 31, 35</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B52160B63B71224CFD93"box="[440,569,568,594]"captionStart="FIGURES 1–40"captionStartId="2.[136,243,1543,1565]"captionTargetBox="[151,1409,619,1487]"captionTargetId="figure-173@2.[151,1436,619,1519]"captionTargetPageId="2"captionText="FIGURES 1–40. LM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213683"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213683/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 30, 32</figureCitation>
of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 1–29. LM views of raphe valves. 30–37. LM views of rapheless valves. 38–40. LM of girdle view. LM scale bar = 10 μm.
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521600B3FDA21F6F96F"box="[261,387,1683,1710]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 41-49</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B52163E53FDA231AF96F"box="[747,879,1683,1710]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 48–49</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B52164133FDA25D5F96F"box="[1309,1440,1683,1710]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 48–49</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521623F3FFE23F7F913"box="[817,898,1719,1746]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B52164703FFE20D2F937"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B52165903F922554F937"box="[1182,1313,1755,1782]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 41–47</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521637E3FB62287F8DB"box="[624,754,1791,1818]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 41–47</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B52160AC3E6A2180F8FF"box="[418,501,1827,1854]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B52164123E6A25EAF8FF"box="[1308,1439,1827,1854]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 42–44</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B52163C23E0E2332F8A3"box="[716,839,1863,1890]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Fig 42–43</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521641D3E0E251FF8A3"box="[1299,1386,1863,1890]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="136587D1FFB4B521634A3E2222BDF847"box="[580,712,1899,1926]"captionStart="FIGURES 41–49"captionStartId="3.[136,243,1821,1843]"captionTargetBox="[154,1356,190,1794]"captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1797]"captionTargetPageId="3"captionText="FIGURES 41–49. SEM images of Achnanthidium guarulhense sp. nov. of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake,Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213685"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213685/files/figure.png"pageId="2"pageNumber="277">Figs 48–49</figureCitation>
<materialsCitationid="3B369109FFB4B52160093ED92462F833"collectingDate="2020-06-01"collectionCode="UPCB"collectorName="Joao S. Osti & Edna Ferreira & Gisele C. Marquardt"country="Brazil"elevation="1500"latitude="-23.305555"location="Negro Lake"longLatPrecision="21"longitude="-46.390556"municipality="Guarulhos"pageId="2"pageNumber="277"specimenCode="UPCB 105117"specimenCount="1"stateProvince="Sao Paulo"typeStatus="holotype">
of the (UPCB 105117) holotype slide from Negro Lake, Guarulhos, state of São Paulo. 41. SEM external view of raphe valve showing striation pattern, and axial and central areas. 42–44. SEM internal view of the raphe valve. 44. Note the detail of areolae occlusions. 45–46. SEM external view of the rapheless valve. 47. SEM internal view of the rapheless valve. 48–49. SEM showing the girdle view. SEM scale bar = 3 μm; 44 =1 μm; 46, 49 = 4 μm.
Ecology and associated diatom flora: The new species is associated, among others, with
<taxonomicNameid="4C5EE0D7FFB2B5276584398B2298FEC1"authority="(Grunow) Aboal & P. C. Silva (2004: 361)"authorityName="Aboal & P. C. Silva"authorityPageNumber="361"authorityYear="2004"baseAuthorityName="Grunow"class="Bacillariophyceae"family="Fragilariaceae"genus="Ulnaria"higherTaxonomySource="GBIF"kingdom="Chromista"order="Fragilariales"pageId="4"pageNumber="279"phylum="Ochrophyta"rank="variety"species="delicatissima"variety="angustissima">
<bibRefCitationid="EFCFE6A5FFB2B527632138432356FEE4"author="Simonsen, R."box="[559,803,266,293]"pageId="4"pageNumber="279"pagination="9 - 71"refId="ref6504"refString="Simonsen, R. (1979) The diatom system: ideas on phylogeny. Bacillaria 2: 9 - 71."type="journal article"year="1979">Simonsen (1979: 56)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicNameid="4C5EE0D7FFB2B527626A3843208BFE89"authority="(Tremarin, T. Ludwig, V. Becker & Torgan)"baseAuthorityName="Tremarin, T. Ludwig, V. Becker & Torgan"class="Bacillariophyceae"family="Thalassiosiraceae"genus="Spicaticribra"higherTaxonomySource="GBIF"kingdom="Chromista"order="Thalassiosirales"pageId="4"pageNumber="279"phylum="Ochrophyta"rank="species"species="rudis">
<bibRefCitationid="EFCFE6A5FFB2B5276030386723DDFE89"author="Tuji, A. & Leelahakriengkrai, P. & Peerapornpisal, Y."box="[318,936,302,328]"pageId="4"pageNumber="279"pagination="139 - 148"refId="ref6799"refString="Tuji, A., Leelahakriengkrai, P. & Peerapornpisal, Y. (2012) Distribution and Phylogeny of Spicaticribra kingstonii - rudis Species Complex. Mem. National Museum of Nature and Science 48: 139 - 148."type="journal article"year="2012">Tuji, Leelahakriengkrai & Peerapornpisal (2012: 146)</bibRefCitation>
was recorded in the phytoplankton community of a shallow lake with soil walls and bottom during the spring. The taxon was found representing 20% of the phytoplankton community. Cyanobacteria,
. According to the trophic state index, Negro Lake is described as an oligo-mesotrophic system (
<bibRefCitationid="EFCFE6A5FFB2B52764393B3B20B0FD71"author="Osti, J. A. S. & Marquardt, G. C. & Freitas, G. S. & Rosini, E. F."pageId="4"pageNumber="279"pagination="98 - 114"refId="ref6150"refString="Osti, J. A. S., Marquardt, G. C., Freitas, G. S. & Rosini, E. F. (2022) Water quality indicators in water bodies of Guarulhos State Forest, Southestern Brazil. In: Ferreira, M. L. (Ed.) Biogeochemistry and ecosystem services in Urban green-blue systems. ANAP, Tupa, pp. 98 - 114."type="book chapter"year="2022">
