treatments-xml/data/90/57/40/905740AE74F85C2F9D08E443A8BAB2EF.xml

<document id="EC641228886A6CAC2DB32EF222CB3B2E" ID-DOI="10.5091/plecevo.117163" ID-publisher-id="117163" URI-arpha="15C5BB62-A40E-58B1-B11A-5A1FE5BC464E" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1721319839294" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Thomas, William Wayt, Silva Filho, Pedro Joel Silva da &amp; Reginato, Marcelo" docDate="2024" docId="905740AE74F85C2F9D08E443A8BAB2EF" docLanguage="en" docName="Plant Ecology and Evolution 157(3): 257-269" docOrigin="Plant Ecology and Evolution 157 (3)" docSource="https://plecevo.eu/article/117163/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Rhynchospora barbosae W. W. Thomas 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="269" masterDocId="15C5BB62A40E58B1B11A5A1FE5BC464E" masterDocTitle="Rhynchospora section Pleurostachys (Cyperaceae): a phylogeny and three new species from the dry forests of Bahia and Espírito Santo, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="269" masterPageNumber="257" pageNumber="257" updateTime="1721662997870" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="0A841AFEA9F04DF11E88D7ADA389164D">Rhynchospora section Pleurostachys (Cyperaceae): a phylogeny and three new species from the dry forests of Bahia and Espírito Santo, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="53C609B190A15500870E9EEB4F64FE62">Thomas, William Wayt</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EA51812F947AE745372D1320E7A06111">New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FA85AEBD66816CFEB02B1A5DADA222CE">Silva Filho, Pedro Joel Silva da</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8B497B2120F0891601B575A9CFD32F4D">Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="62295B84EEF91D0906F86E9F73F486E9">Reginato, Marcelo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6440193216D26A1477FF6FD7D842F858">Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="B542A7B203B49A6914E60EC4100A40F0" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2529342D76222AFB209372DBB55A2DF7">
<taxonomicName id="D8270D1E7870FCAC27530FC9110CE037" authority="W. W. Thomas" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9DDFDBD012F54AC0DBB382655F249D9D" italics="true">Rhynchospora barbosae</emphasis>
<collectorName id="787B0E98F24794DB81083451E3C18D58">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="94A708BD6D37EAAE32EB4024D5ADFEC7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E999D896B1972FEF87DD6D2B65726EFF" type="description">
<paragraph id="68C98EEC3DEA2D2E7EB58698E72E8B9E">
<figureCitation id="6714A8599C2DACB317315DB9BE908B1D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Rhynchospora barbosae. A. Plant habit. B. Synflorescence in fruit. C. Detail of one branch of synflorescence. D. Synflorescence in flower. E. Spikelet prior to anthesis. F. Spikelet scale. G. Nutlet, side view, top view, and detail of bristle. A – G from W. W. Thomas et al. 16619 (isotype, NY). Drawn by Bobbi Angell." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.117163.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1095138">Figs 2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D587134C2EC1C2BF2D313FFEC17D61B6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Photographs of Rhynchospora barbosae and R. hamadryadis in the field. A. R. barbosae habit. B. R. barbosae synflorescence with mature nutlets. C. R. hamadryadis habit. D. R. hamadryadis, developing synflorescence. A – B from W. W. Thomas et al. 16619 (isotype, NY); C from W. W. Thomas et al. 13735 (NY); D from W. W. Thomas et al. 13954 (isotype, NY)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.117163.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1095139">3 A – B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="4CD554FBD48281055122EDD108FF3418" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Nutlet photographs. A. Rhynchospora barbosae. B. R. hamadryadis. C. R. eremica. A from W. W. Thomas et al. 16619 (isotype, NY); B from W. W. Thomas et al. 13954 (isotype, NY); C from W. W. Thomas et al. 13748 (isotype, NY). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.117163.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1095140">4 A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="85C041BA552A42F6138DDD04B087DC7D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution map of Rhynchospora barbosae (black circles), R. hamadryadis (grey squares), and R. eremica (white triangle)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.117163.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1095141">5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EFVAE" type="material">
<paragraph id="3F6A983B80B17F8D6167AA9BDE0FC82D">
<heading id="32864F7C72A954849CDDB51E8867E382" reason="title">Type.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="473AAC643998E8E20144253CA2ED4AD8">
<materialsCitation id="A2523049A49822DE528A7FE68BF65755" collectingDate="2016-09-22" collectionCode="JPB, G, K, MBML, MO, NY, P, RB" collectorName="W. W. Thomas &amp; M. R. Barbosa &amp; F. Z. Saiter &amp; E. F. Oza" country="Brazil" county="Sao Joao do Petropolis" elevation="160" latitude="-19.802776" location="Reserva Valao Sao Bras" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-40.68936" municipality="Mun. Santa Teresa" specimenCode="JPB 63492" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Espirito Santo" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="E5CBD2B0A9146B7BA3DD1B1294D46708" name="Brazil">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="D87387CBA0D7382B216279653BC91744" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="95B9210923FA345D36BFAD590EAF31A4" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<collectingMunicipality id="3E8DDE454C7FBC8C8064E4C97E2533A3">Mun. Santa Teresa</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<locationDeviation id="FA92DAB0EA284D3567AC5C6AF581BC9C">
<quantity id="822BBF8A284B7ACF2205FB48FF026735" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="1.5">1.5 km</quantity>
N of São João do Petrópolis on ES- 80
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, then 
<quantity id="00996363B21CD65561E83D4B5E9B45C7" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
W on dirt road and 
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on foot to 
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; 
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<geoCoordinate id="81E296516821AD3AC2297F8505DBF6B7" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-19.802776">19 ° 48 ’ 10 ” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7F7F6B5FAC86C5CD7D32FC650F3FC6BD" degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="21.7" value="-40.68936">40 ° 41 ’ 21.7 ” W</geoCoordinate>
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; 
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; 
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<collectingDate id="56D5B0E7BAF7587AE9D153CA6AC1B5F7" value="2016-09-22">22 Sep. 2016</collectingDate>
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; 
<emphasis id="C48A716724DE67B21B5E9999591E2F1B" italics="true">
<collectorName id="9005499375C3385259C8C257090E6F07">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="A75B043F878DA4F00DA834ACB9DE5E72">M. R. Barbosa</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="C38A98268A1C3434DB109590C8E53C56">F. Z. Saiter</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="C832B800C74FF2EEC6621422444533C2">E. F. Oza</collectorName>
16619
</emphasis>
; 
<typeStatus id="D3ACE94F5ADF70F62F8E0110C372E13D" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: 
<collectionCode id="EAC2D9DC35EFBAF8AE44E0158393FB84" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14329" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14329" name="Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária" type="Herbarium">JPB</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="E6276BAF2FC4BAA10C577A11A6EA58C3" collectionCode="JPB" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14329" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14329" name="Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária" type="Herbarium">JPB 63492</specimenCode>
]; 
<typeStatus id="8AA79FCF196813BF4D5FA11AF1021ADA" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
: 
<collectionCode id="47D990CD2B7EE5EB3AD13C080272A997" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="6DC5B68BA82509511256304A00CDDDF5" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="2928EAD82201F9487DD0DBAFDA091E04" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" name="Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão" type="Herbarium">MBML</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="B6DD73C9B5BF0EB592632E18DDD62A5B" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="B31C1D46479D1A1705D72CF110F25E41" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
, P, 
<collectionCode id="A6809CF75AB2692FD46033B1146DD4F2" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
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.
</paragraph>
<caption id="413FF0E423DB58362A0F7250D470287D" ID-DOI="10.5091/plecevo.117163.figure2" ID-arpha="D7274149-3EAA-5EE1-B5CB-3619075FBAC9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1095138" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="80E2A1BB76FB87A34BF383AF1135AE3B">
<label id="F5C26470B567FC5895FE294ECD247EBE">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1FAC66FA8C093D8110FAC4BCC2A7530C">
<taxonomicName id="E0BA8006BAE9DDB045D63B3A1F2BAB8C" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="BB97221DDBB9120D5A01A1077025E14A" italics="true">Rhynchospora barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="D47BE995B954E197D501E682743BC753" bold="true">A</emphasis>
. Plant habit. 
<emphasis id="98BC9D95926948AF0672CF5706E3394D" bold="true">B</emphasis>
. Synflorescence in fruit. 
<emphasis id="FBDF8DAD1B8A38DFFC198534C3F45C69" bold="true">C</emphasis>
. Detail of one branch of synflorescence. 
<emphasis id="C98169F233E07E9C8A6D7AB9175A8CB2" bold="true">D</emphasis>
. Synflorescence in flower. 
<emphasis id="92C730777FE4702B63E26B9CEEB28869" bold="true">E</emphasis>
. Spikelet prior to anthesis. 
<emphasis id="690F77AB87A62DDA41BA6149A9E50E10" bold="true">F</emphasis>
. Spikelet scale. 
<emphasis id="155BC8796AE00DC216B407E5349F3811" bold="true">G</emphasis>
. Nutlet, side view, top view, and detail of bristle. A – G from 
<emphasis id="296778CE8414150D83A0F85ED4510955" italics="true">
<collectorName id="B9E3E7A0BB086A130CA0778915E67768">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
et al. 16619
</emphasis>
(isotype, NY). Drawn by Bobbi Angell.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMXAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0B3575D9363A2242483AD05E3C061C5F">
<heading id="1B71657112AB87EA4459FA438BA17D2F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="40CB665CA6DF22858EED43BBDDAA890A">
<taxonomicName id="1AC72C4624208E7C7FC7DB4F1A610307" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="6F36E89A20E6442357BA0458A4AEE319" italics="true">Rhynchospora barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique in having leaf blades less than 
<quantity id="65D2DEC95F72D2C9D3798F2CF74C814F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
wide and nutlets 
<quantity id="A57BA9C319FE58C09FE55EE02A2C708F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.6 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="93C44A5640239BD8D01509E722ED0B96" ID-DOI="10.5091/plecevo.117163.figure3" ID-arpha="5D99B6EA-832A-5C43-B9F8-38A36F5DB6F2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1095139" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="A5BB2D9E2C2FB56F17AD08B8C0CF9209">
<label id="413A2D2763FD3A7BD07342CB1E75FD29">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B06611A4DAFE2AAB0EBD9AC3757A164">
Photographs of 
<taxonomicName id="CF36E94823FFF9DBDB150CC7194EAF4A" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="686084364708563D55EA81C75CA8640F" italics="true">Rhynchospora barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="250A8E5B6D6DC1C52320AC52343BA95B" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hamadryadis">
<emphasis id="09952669B6057C6E545BACF27A778F33" italics="true">R. hamadryadis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the field. 
<emphasis id="B812E6002F094D1157B1759159B7FE56" bold="true">A</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="7695AC7366232FB4F9ADFD9DC2A220B9" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="C5FB6CFA80C381BE913B38F6DA6E7935" italics="true">R. barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
habit. 
<emphasis id="E297A13279C71FA7737C7643442A5BDA" bold="true">B</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="71DF23A3518C47697B2F370A805CD15B" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="2ACB20BFEA906128859CBD735B819376" italics="true">R. barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
synflorescence with mature nutlets. 
<emphasis id="4E929611B11C6CDFB8FF32BCD88E6FEB" bold="true">C</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="130F1BFA770F1EE6F91ED085A644FB12" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hamadryadis">
<emphasis id="581EA99D04A06036A9CEC327D507B731" italics="true">R. hamadryadis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
habit. 
<emphasis id="A3B580CC4E02CF195CD0FCB70ACC99EF" bold="true">D</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="EEC68546DF5AD6DDCBF8F815DE2C1363" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hamadryadis">
<emphasis id="9F688C5F4E11B2FD35A744E5701E8539" italics="true">R. hamadryadis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, developing synflorescence. A – B from 
<emphasis id="CB31F3B3BD0C44BC802596525A841D7C" italics="true">
<collectorName id="79E560E473D9A538B220222EB903CA8F">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
et al. 16619
</emphasis>
(isotype, NY); C from 
<emphasis id="47080496BC96686F3AB5A259EC0BF648" italics="true">
<collectorName id="6DADB40EC815F8005F847D357B9D6198">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
et al. 13735
</emphasis>
(NY); D from 
<emphasis id="253757DB2C808842235D7FFCAEA42AD8" italics="true">
<collectorName id="43939E155AD7F72E074DAD8E199C5A0D">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
et al. 13954
</emphasis>
(isotype, NY).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E11AE" type="description">
<paragraph id="482C3D6FED3CD2CEBAF92887ECC20144">
<heading id="8BBCC54066D313549AEEF252237A43FE" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA3D02681981E40E76D72BC8A726BCEE">
<underline id="656AAED2A1DA946A27E5434C009DD5C6">Plants</underline>
glabrous, rhizomatous, the rhizomes 
<quantity id="ED01E53EF1AD95D50EFB216C92217871" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4 mm</quantity>
in diameter, the internodes 
<quantity id="A9D15E584A654A724F13C7187507BAAC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="cm" value="3.75" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–6 cm</quantity>
. 
<underline id="CB0928D55A5B9556287ECCE33369C434">Culms</underline>
arching, 
<quantity id="ABE15D0B62F27005A4317EB99FDD9503" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="43.0" valueMax="56.0" valueMin="30.0">30–56 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="1BFB50B78E53DD040E65C8E49E375310" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.0">1–1.7 mm</quantity>
wide. 
<underline id="11697D8237AC385E5D349A16BE35897E">Leaves</underline>
basal or on basal portion of fertile culm, usually 3–6, the older leaves dying as culms mature; sheaths tight, 
<quantity id="0F431C4F70EF7381DFB2EA7EF179B325" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="3.4" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="3.0">3–3.8 cm</quantity>
long, the summit of the sheath concave or “ V ” shaped; blades 29–57 × 
<quantity id="71794CB15F4D7C2D9E07D37D0A72F060" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" unit="cm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.8–0.9 cm</quantity>
, linear. 
<underline id="35EE69B62520917FEAB2842F7C6A0E4F">Synflorescence</underline>
a series of 3–4 inflorescences, each subtended by a leaf-like bract, the bracts at each more distal node diminishing in size, the basal bract with a sheath 
<quantity id="25A73FE0E72C515679DE5F21FBB93CC3" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 mm</quantity>
long, the blade linear, 30–43 × 
<quantity id="C978CA782C84BFA7A2ACC8160067E626" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
; inflorescences corymbose grouped into 2–3 basal longer lateral branches and 2–4 shorter distal branches forming a terminal cluster and comprising 17–35 spikelets, each lateral branch with 2–5 spikelets; lower lateral branches greatly exceeding the central axis; lowest inflorescence with central axis 50–56 × ca 
<quantity id="749E28B5BF3FF06BB04698C89AABF1D3" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long, the portion distal to the lowest lateral branch 
<quantity id="B1857B8FC7FA3837D51F1C765C835199" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.3" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="13.0">13–25 mm</quantity>
long; basal lateral branch 20–39 × ca 
<quantity id="DE242E0C88B16B2EFDC254A4BEC1BEE5" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
long. 
<underline id="88156EEFC28CBA870090F4DD94ACA130">Mature spikelets</underline>
lenticular (slightly flattened), brown, ellipsoid to ovoid, 3–3.2 (– 4.2) × 
<quantity id="9D9B7D3E43F8681879E3CEECA26D2E91" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.3" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.5 mm</quantity>
, the basal 6–7 glumes distichous, carinate, cucullate, the apex acute and mucronate, the mucros separating from the glume below apex. 
<underline id="3024B5701708144B54C3CCE4FAEF83CE">Hypogynous bristles</underline>
ca 
<quantity id="FC68C148119EB64F2CAED984C65C0586" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.7">1.7–1.8 mm</quantity>
long, densely short-plumose on the distal two thirds, sparsely so on the basal third. 
<underline id="4BA85C510FFD0CAD300AEAC9CDC25502">Nutlet</underline>
broadly elliptic to broadly obovoid in outline, deeply ellipsoid to nearly globose, 2.4–2.6 × 
<quantity id="DC6201DBD0F51B45FBE4CE9E808BEAD3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.8" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.8">1.8–1.9 mm</quantity>
, the summit straight to slightly arched, the persistent style base triangular, (0.9 –) 1.1–1.2 × 
<quantity id="E4A35303102A36401F88A9E68A7140AB" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" unit="mm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1 mm</quantity>
, the surface shiny, smooth to lightly and irregularly textured.
</paragraph>
<caption id="932E573FFFACDDABF28CEF2882DB85B9" ID-DOI="10.5091/plecevo.117163.figure4" ID-arpha="E8E0E2EE-751C-58FA-BE7D-4863758A3B75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1095140" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="83ADD4AE35A28E1F8C6E236B11B51FD4">
<label id="F88E56FEAAA6C0288BE8EF072444B4CB">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FD682B36890F0CBF2C85BD1AC8A37488">
Nutlet photographs. 
<emphasis id="8B82204771FF149F6175A0C0F374D10F" bold="true">A</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="5EC3F5BB1BEC5162741A62B488F1EE8B" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="F78B521ACA6E1988CADB5A65DB9FE09C" italics="true">Rhynchospora barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="8AE30FBFFCA584E7BA63A914710C2E3A" bold="true">B</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="D435BA6258D792C77643031F3C004DB2" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hamadryadis">
<emphasis id="3E7E94441525ECE8A3F0B4CF957EC6FD" italics="true">R. hamadryadis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="20EB5AEDCBA85E713544BD9512DE85CD" bold="true">C</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="1820C2A1EBC8AB2613607F00D50350B8" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eremica">
<emphasis id="3B7B26F9BB330BF83F727433C44DD217" italics="true">R. eremica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A from 
<emphasis id="AD9FD16BE64E184166B9FD60DA5890E5" italics="true">
<collectorName id="A02ACE89EB828AE20D28E26B03B120AC">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
et al. 16619
</emphasis>
(isotype, NY); B from 
<emphasis id="17186162A547CDEC319450C0162899A2" italics="true">
<collectorName id="FF9E068A33ABCBB3383984E9FF386280">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
et al. 13954
</emphasis>
(isotype, NY); C from 
<emphasis id="3C9AF5E5EA271A2D2AD51B805E33042B" italics="true">
<collectorName id="34651B0D2160EEBCC9F1C04FCF16FFF1">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
et al. 13748
</emphasis>
(isotype, NY). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EI4AE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="699243CB1B25029CF805ECF3F353552A">
<heading id="B0D6CA0E4D78F5E206CD4E4817F9D4DE" reason="title">Distribution and habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9DA3C308BFA033FE3E2D45B24D332731">
<taxonomicName id="400D9D209FE698FC68EECA0BA0A586B9" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="AFB2F9C04F79ED2DC6928410783F7772" italics="true">Rhynchospora barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from a single area of Atlantic Forest in the state of 
<collectingRegion id="B5173297AFEDB218EF2AF3359EDE36A5" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="0CB40BB2D7AA23A896C84B2A93DAD6C5" name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="7431C33408E00657066742A4F317D988" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution map of Rhynchospora barbosae (black circles), R. hamadryadis (grey squares), and R. eremica (white triangle)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.117163.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1095141">5</figureCitation>
). The only collections are from an intact tropical seasonal semi-deciduous forest (
<bibRefCitation id="8F0036BCB98AADE8AD163301A9F05571" author="Thomas and Barbosa" editor="Thomas WW" firstAuthor="Thomas" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pagination="6-20" refId="B34" refString="Thomas WW, Barbosa MRV (2008) Natural vegetation types in the Brazilian Atlantic coastal forest north of the Rio Doce. In: Thomas WW (Ed.) The Atlantic Coastal Forest of Northeastern Brazil. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 100: 6–20." title="Natural vegetation types in the Brazilian Atlantic coastal forest north of the Rio Doce." volume="100" volumeTitle="The Atlantic Coastal Forest of Northeastern Brazil." year="2008">Thomas and Barbosa 2008</bibRefCitation>
) at 
<quantity id="2DAC9D3CA121F398CC05171CD6085B9A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</quantity>
on a forested slope, usually among rocks.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4044AC5A60EC140D147D3E6A4EEA21A3" ID-DOI="10.5091/plecevo.117163.figure5" ID-arpha="8FFFB201-D48D-5C96-9170-AD04DDEDEFC7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1095141" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="8F0F7384089A2365164C1B88700D30C1">
<label id="06A246418FE17F0D9E43137BF818B2F8">Figure 5.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C40EF8DCEDF14237CACFD444EAC88C3F">
Distribution map of 
<taxonomicName id="0AB1F0C1349219AC73A076D37E72820D" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="7D8882ED78029B32D927FF0899D19A35" italics="true">Rhynchospora barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(black circles), 
<taxonomicName id="8311153FA49F8DAECE1E81C6318A5BD5" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hamadryadis">
<emphasis id="B2A7D2102F80C6600E3E922EC1F64DE5" italics="true">R. hamadryadis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(grey squares), and 
<taxonomicName id="0E93942AC1C94F7EEEBAE20A243FD816" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eremica">
<emphasis id="71F10E2E0C783EAF752493494F98F6C4" italics="true">R. eremica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(white triangle).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EP6AE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4298E6F558326744B99FEF3388726ECF">
<heading id="C67F226BC162CDE4938A36E2C4B1F9B6" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E25172B5E8679EF385DA85DF37E7B167">
The species is named in honour of Dr Maria Regina de Vasconcellos Barbosa, a co-collector of the type. She is a Brazilian botanist and Senior Professor at the Federal University of 
<collectingRegion id="6D8617D4F8A1B4DAB9153591018FAF19" country="Brazil" name="Paraiba">Paraíba</collectingRegion>
. She is a brilliant teacher and is an expert on the 
<taxonomicName id="291D15E53346F0837C7BE95D2DF9B632" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
and on the vegetation of north-eastern 
<collectingCountry id="53FF54D7B5263D98AFE111F872476623" name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E16AE" type="Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment">
<paragraph id="1FE5EF5568EFD2457D8595B428C4F6CA">
<heading id="8C9075F188461C50515FD6C3B8E9049D" reason="title">Preliminary IUCN conservation assessment.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0433C27BC2D616C44E0D526B440C93CD">
<taxonomicName id="D911D8A5AE8A56B5A19E6F4B13B9CAA4" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="504227064C2D921EB9C5DADBC7F86F33" italics="true">Rhynchospora barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from three localities in a ca 
<quantity id="74BEA2ED4038589B160FAE7391524412" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
strip of semi-deciduous forest in the municipality of Santa Teresa, 
<collectingRegion id="E65813B7B32C339F379FF9055914CB7F" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="3A8F9FD99F1145CCCC57241DF9A9F9EF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution map of Rhynchospora barbosae (black circles), R. hamadryadis (grey squares), and R. eremica (white triangle)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.117163.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1095141">5</figureCitation>
). The Atlantic Forest of 
<collectingCountry id="2C27426DE5C6789ADCA2F918EC4C88AE" name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
has been identified as one of the World’s biodiversity “ hotspots ” (
<bibRefCitation id="17007067F6D2E48465CB6FCBC90420FD" DOI="10.1038/35002501" author="Myers" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Myers" journalOrPublisher="Nature" pagination="853-858" refId="B22" refString="Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, Fonseca GAB, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853–858. https://doi.org/10.1038/35002501" title="Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities." volume="403" year="2000">Myers et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
), in part, because of continuing deforestation. Overall, the Atlantic Forest has been reduced to less than 11 percent of its original extent (
<bibRefCitation id="7746EE8D48DFF1236DBB43FA878D6E76" DOI="10.1016/j.biocon.2009.02.021" author="Ribeiro" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ribeiro" journalOrPublisher="Biological Conservation" pagination="1141-1153" refId="B26" refString="Ribeiro MC, Metzger JC, Martensen AC, Ponzoni FJ, Hirota MM (2009) The Brazilian Atlantic Forest: how much is left, and how is the remaining forest distributed? Implications for conservation. Biological Conservation 142: 1141–1153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.02.021" title="The Brazilian Atlantic Forest: how much is left, and how is the remaining forest distributed? Implications for conservation." volume="142" year="2009">Ribeiro et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
), with the dry forests suffering the most. The Extent of Occurrence for this species is 
<quantity id="5ED650D61CF117B9CDAA346B8572C7F8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" unit="km" value="8.05">8.05 km</quantity>
<superScript id="D4DC51C09D98B51131BB845D6AC07503">2</superScript>
, a value that would be considered CR. The Area of Occupancy is 12.0 km 
<superScript id="314E329D5C9D7CEF14EB46DB0442230F">2</superScript>
, a value just large enough that it would suggest that EN is the proper Red List category. The municipality of Santa Teresa, however, has been well collected and there are few remaining semi-deciduous forests in the region, and the little that is left is under pressure. While the species is collected from three localities, we consider them to comprise a single location. Since the location is unprotected and anthropogenic pressure on the semi-deciduous forests in the region is high, we assess 
<taxonomicName id="501B178800B01E843B0CE9AA5048AC14" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="83F09CB7F8AE435773AB84A2CE4F0934" italics="true">R. barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as Critically Endangered: CR B 1 ab (iii).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHBAG" type="material">
<paragraph id="91B1F920A1EEE226A9033BFC2DC77152">
<heading id="8111C65AC17736E1D54D58939579B1C5" reason="title">Additional material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF532F8BDC5AFE6B2F171D9981D2F917">
<materialsCitation id="9D36E7162D6819EC6582A3AD07185A64" collectedFrom="abaixo do ponto de captacao de agua, Folhas verdes escuras, rigida, dentro da mata, solo raso" collectingDate="2015-09-02" collectionCode="MBML" collectorName="E. F. Oza &amp; F. Z. Saiter &amp; F. Falk &amp; J. Ribeiro" country="Brazil" county="Mun. Santa Teresa" elevation="350" latitude="-19.803055" location="mata do Sao Bras" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-40.689" municipality="Mun. Santa Teresa" specimenCode="50636" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">
<collectingCountry id="3E3FFADFAD0467ED38790FF6BF7F71D8" name="Brazil">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
– 
<emphasis id="64CD5523DB7F1E37F9726380445BC47C" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="8CEFFF5B78159A299FA9411A655686BB" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 
<collectingMunicipality id="801088929E3DC35BF7557A52445E3F7A">Mun. Santa Teresa</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="7DBE4EAEDC55D9209AABDB0AA3213B54">IFES Campus Santa Teresa</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="37D2925EDF6E0A48361EDBEA359A2F0D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:905740AE74F85C2F9D08E443A8BAB2EF:37D2925EDF6E0A48361EDBEA359A2F0D" country="Brazil" county="Mun. Santa Teresa" latitude="-19.803055" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-40.689" municipality="Mun. Santa Teresa" name="mata do Sao Bras" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">mata do São Brás</location>
, 
<collectedFrom id="DABDC5AC82ED97F5FE6F011615EEE822">abaixo do ponto de captação de água, Folhas verdes escuras, rígida, dentro da mata, solo raso</collectedFrom>
; 
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ESBAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-40.689000,-19.803056]}">
<geoCoordinate id="B217EC853C196AA970DA0AEC2B9439EC" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="11" value="-19.803055">19 ° 48 ’ 11 ” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="CF9EB7F0D9D09AEBACDC95B8A2656036" degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="20.4" value="-40.689">40 ° 41 ’ 20.4 ” W</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; 
<quantity id="E761F15EE2897F46DDF181018AA2C991" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="350.0">
<elevation id="E581E892E43B2C61AE310A5F11A4CADB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<date id="3042D4EC5D6A3C971AC3C730E8D7A1C4" value="2015-09-02">
<collectingDate id="E45F2515FC9E388C289512D7435A938C" value="2015-09-02">2 Sep. 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<emphasis id="5409E76A8A1FC6ACEA6470CF44DB3A48" italics="true">
<collectorName id="DF5D759C9E65B2AB194941DFCAB3DD7C">E. F. Oza</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="B33F0431AB7D710DC789CCDAA4F926EF">F. Z. Saiter</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="315D2E501BE139AEE47DA9AA56528150">F. Falk</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="40A091D0DA42D528AADE8958987B904A">J. Ribeiro</collectorName>
6
</emphasis>
; 
<collectionCode id="8107940CAB49720B3C9D790D4FCAEFAB" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" name="Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão" type="Herbarium">MBML</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="60E83E4B5AA9A4878FD71284E76B089E">50636</specimenCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="53419D6EF5D553F0E0BCCCF98C095A0E" collectedFrom="em grotao com solo profundo e muita materia organica" collectingDate="2016-04-06" collectionCode="MBML" collectorName="E. F. Oza &amp; F. Z. Saiter &amp; F. Falk &amp; J. Ribeiro" country="Brazil" county="Comunidade do Milanes" elevation="250" latitude="-19.793999" location="IFES Santa Teresa" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-40.665" municipality="Sao Joao de Petropolis" specimenCode="50637" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">
<collectingCounty id="8C51A3103C3C94B479C8C4AE99F0142B">Comunidade do Milanês</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="1D0CB9EB87D3AB929D88B7D77EC4F6BA">São João de Petrópolis</collectingMunicipality>
, propriedade de Thiago Rosado / 
<location id="F384F5C02509F8B7218642B98B99DB23" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:905740AE74F85C2F9D08E443A8BAB2EF:F384F5C02509F8B7218642B98B99DB23" country="Brazil" county="Comunidade do Milanes" latitude="-19.793999" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="-40.665" municipality="Sao Joao de Petropolis" name="IFES Santa Teresa" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">IFES Santa Teresa</location>
, 
<collectedFrom id="A421780BEA84667E141D416A4FFE3C9C">em grotão com solo profundo e muita matéria orgânica</collectedFrom>
; 
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3BAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-40.665000,-19.794000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="3AC8E22C9DC5A12CC9CD8805D21263FB" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="38.4" value="-19.793999">19 ° 47 ’ 38.4 ” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="3353F2DC704D084EA4918054EEF36C8D" degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-40.665">40 ° 39 ’ 54 ” W</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; 
<quantity id="60CF97F09D2A68E11295A7EFA8920103" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="250.0">
<elevation id="EA3417E3471AC704EB6536D5F7DC675C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<date id="94820C06B591A5BB5BE6D0925D5E8BCD" value="2016-04-06">
<collectingDate id="D25B181F70B4BFB1A2F17DBB10C52926" value="2016-04-06">6 Apr. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<emphasis id="953DD2C826B2CA8F6E9E3507F047A21B" italics="true">
<collectorName id="91F478FE26159D41B89A56DB43195942">E. F. Oza</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="D9755FC317F26A5F5EC8EC2E620D9986">F. Z. Saiter</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="963984F6130F3C72442126ED2728740E">F. Falk</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="C35F55385C839F77C3A77149F51645DB">J. Ribeiro</collectorName>
16
</emphasis>
; 
<collectionCode id="FBCCFCDCD505C4EEC65A87BE989143C9" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" name="Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão" type="Herbarium">MBML</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="FCC90470E31DB5DD4183A543A63F7BF2">50637</specimenCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="46DBC41C783471DE504B588498970C4B" collectedFrom="interior de mata, ambiente seco" collectingDate="2000-07-27" collectionCode="MBML, NY" collectorName="V. Demuner" country="Brazil" location="Mata do Fausto" municipality="Varzea Alegre" specimenCode="013251" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">
<collectingMunicipality id="C2B6C40ECCB7F463CB79ECBB5A802BC8">Várzea Alegre</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="CF4F616CA39416EA734BC289C7FBB41B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:905740AE74F85C2F9D08E443A8BAB2EF:CF4F616CA39416EA734BC289C7FBB41B" country="Brazil" municipality="Varzea Alegre" name="Mata do Fausto" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">Mata do Fausto</location>
, próximo ao colégio), 
<collectedFrom id="55E81E070EC3EFF7FE3EA1B631A26621">interior de mata, ambiente seco</collectedFrom>
; 
<date id="D6A20172EE27345376C5EB0E381F0BC0" value="2000-07-27">
<collectingDate id="F1AD5513C2636F9D919B2E065BFB2410" value="2000-07-27">27 Jul. 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<collectorName id="B624A3810248C9F9DF0C9DF6DA356EF2">
V. 
<emphasis id="49D497B654ED8D4614DE559CEFFB3155" italics="true">Demuner et al. 1303</emphasis>
</collectorName>
; 
<collectionCode id="C1E76C19DD3A448774C3EE8A546BD07E" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" name="Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão" type="Herbarium">MBML</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="086932DA6ABFBA74666C8CC284C36F09">013251</specimenCode>
], 
<collectionCode id="B5621F0B0FA6C29294233CCF6D16C7BD" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
• 
<materialsCitation id="03C52A13FAB25780CC6A2BCC0D63B03F" collectingDate="2003-04-04" collectionCode="CEPEC, MBML, NY, SPF" collectorName="P. Fiaschi" country="Brazil" elevation="155" latitude="-19.832" location="Escola Agricola" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-40.613" specimenCode="21036, 157828" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">
<location id="4771447A536FD9FA13EE5192B96DC38F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:905740AE74F85C2F9D08E443A8BAB2EF:4771447A536FD9FA13EE5192B96DC38F" country="Brazil" latitude="-19.832" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-40.613" name="Escola Agricola" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">Escola Agrícola</location>
; 
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EICAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-40.613000,-19.832000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="F5BFB7DD037B9D87481EFD2B55246D7F" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="55.2" value="-19.832">19 ° 49 ’ 55.2 ” S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="0ACD419C09154A251D1BBD31ABDD15A0" degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="46.8" value="-40.613">40 ° 36 ’ 46.8 ” W</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; 
<quantity id="0A65C8F9FCB671716CFE8F93EA765009" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="155.0">
<elevation id="10D40DA81173DA6BA027B42D5B388688" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="155.0">155 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<date id="7EE139FDF2CA84A6130D7F3824918352" value="2003-04-04">
<collectingDate id="34808D3F018D34FE2BD6D32DDEC59467" value="2003-04-04">4 Apr. 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
; 
<emphasis id="26589775E61A1F0E12CD9ABF0A69E658" italics="true">
<collectorName id="C2B8CA25E2B2EB62A4E937B6893FDAFF">P. Fiaschi</collectorName>
et al. 1468
</emphasis>
; 
<collectionCode id="B7129A79AA5FAEDE054168A1AE2CB2C2" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15526" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15526" name="CEPEC, CEPLAC" type="Herbarium">CEPEC</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="22B6BC10ADDE30C755E9A78436998F59" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15042" name="Museu de Biologia Mello Leitão" type="Herbarium">MBML</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="668473339A2B6927BFFA2A21AFE28BF4">21036</specimenCode>
], 
<collectionCode id="88D9497EAB4F9F92568E74B9ABE111F7" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="819517B19E23DA4EE02E5AC37AFB5583" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" name="Universidade de São Paulo" type="Herbarium">SPF</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="2CE35EAEC830D2D8137F41CBD21C10FB">157828</specimenCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPCAG" type="Taxonomic notes">
<paragraph id="03AA6F38CE65A527D989E137BCF4DD84">
<heading id="49D0BD83CB4F69E8C1B23B6DF02928AB" reason="title">Taxonomic notes.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8110AFC32BC0883CFB09C44B998964A">
The only other species with large nutlets similar in size to those of 
<taxonomicName id="33385085B91E58E0F6A4ADAF5AD90AF4" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="14052C24C99EE20157B65673F913793E" italics="true">Rhynchospora barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is 
<taxonomicName id="F5BBD47C2B33619C062995AAD4FB24A5" authority="(R. Gross) W. W. Thomas" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" baseAuthorityName="R. Gross" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calyptrocaryoides">
<emphasis id="D39A1B2CCE40D9EF60002EFA0605DE1A" italics="true">R. calyptrocaryoides</emphasis>
(R. Gross) 
<collectorName id="F3FE6B55609AD834B2DF12760D4432BB">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
</taxonomicName>
with nutlets 
<quantity id="17C67AC368BC4F79D82AD974F3FF1A9D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.4" unit="mm" value="2.8" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.4">2.4–3.2 mm</quantity>
long. 
<taxonomicName id="B994634D502E498FF44ADC9C3A3D3598" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calyptrocaryoides">
<emphasis id="9A421D600B72437AEE5D7CC1D3ABCF05" italics="true">Rhynchospora calyptrocaryoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, is a much more robust plant, with leaf blades 15–90 × 
<quantity id="379FCFCDB0EE5076F459E8AF84CE533D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="cm" value="2.2" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="2.0">2–2.4 cm</quantity>
compared to 29–57 × 
<quantity id="21DB7CAFDE5C21FCCD9A852B6316A10F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" unit="cm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.8–0.9 cm</quantity>
in 
<taxonomicName id="F2656FC6EF795388595C087CDD126375" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="135B46591C3EEAC1728E9BFB51C4AAEB" italics="true">R. barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="048D82086C09F4C37970363DB3B54CA5" authority="(Kunth) W. W. Thomas" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrantha">
<emphasis id="B07D87261D1A2ABBE236E7F5CB03A564" italics="true">Rhynchospora macrantha</emphasis>
(Kunth) 
<collectorName id="B412C270FD13A9BBAAF05003B965F1C5">W. W. Thomas</collectorName>
</taxonomicName>
has achenes that overlap in size with those of 
<taxonomicName id="5F2D88EF2F902C1FBD25AB7C02AC9D2A" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" authorityYear="2024" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbosae">
<emphasis id="F3F6CCF7FEEAF845CD3050101F50045A" italics="true">R. barbosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2.1–2.6 × 
<quantity id="91342CA5A196DEC3D11E33B3E9D56407" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.8" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.1 mm</quantity>
vs 2.4–2.6 × 
<quantity id="2957B97DF11351BDAE0947C576C3BB22" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.8" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.8">1.8–1.9 mm</quantity>
). It, however, is also much more robust and has large, open panicles with solitary spikelets at the end of each branch. The remaining species of 
<taxonomicName id="42C5EA53FC2A90657A9D1D679FF112AD" authorityName="Benth. (Bentham and Hooker 1883:" authorityYear="1060" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Pleurostachys">
<emphasis id="357A979F61501731F5EDB9CFCD4A23EF" italics="true">Rhynchospora sect. Pleurostachys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have achenes 
<quantity id="590CC4927F51F64B9CA98CF9BF76FA9E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="0.8">0.8–2.4 mm</quantity>
long. See key to the species of 
<emphasis id="73858E29FECD64C56C80142B7202627C" italics="true">
R. sect. 
<taxonomicName id="902BE0BE241032D1BF556E413B9AAFBC" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Pleurostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pleurostachys</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>