<documentID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697"ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748"ID-PMC="PMC9633978"ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1"ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A"ID-PubMed="36479134"ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA"ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1"checkinTime="1635480455043"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. & Lombard, Amanda T."docDate="2021"docId="342EC8BA1A353BB186B6A536E01ADABB"docLanguage="en"docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198"docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066"docPubDate="2021-10-28"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697"docTitle="Flabellum (Ulocyathus) alabastrum Moseley 1873"docType="treatment"docVersion="4"id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A"lastPageNumber="1"masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A"masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa"masterLastPageNumber="198"masterPageNumber="1"pageNumber="1"updateTime="1732486004380"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:affiliationid="BBD3CD719FDB01B01D8A562314231303">Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="4FC0AE1C9F7AC07CCD24789660286D83">Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePartid="B54C9B32A69643E437344CBE84A6A605">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliationid="6130957AC9261AEA1D30579D6FFF1627">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="A11C0FCF13D22ACD6AB0B74333CF377E">South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="6471BBCAC1D5F596E0A0037DD42170C4">Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<figureCitationid="680E365CA49D4C65FEE3B2E614967735"captionStart="Figure 11"captionStartId="F11"captionText="Figure 11. A Tubastraea sp. cf. Tubastraea diaphana (SAM _ H 5103, Cape Vidal, 59 m) A lateral view B Tubastraea micranthus (ORI _ EIb 3, locality data unknown) B full view C, D Flabellum (Flabellum) leptoconus (ORI _ DIIa 1, Port St. Johns, 409 - 440 m) C calicular view D lateral view E, H Flabellum (Flabellum) pavoninum E, F (SAMC _ A 073135, off Coffee Bay, 250 - 280 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, H (SAM _ H 4582, off Shaka's Rock, 150 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, J Flabellum (Flabellum) politum (SAMC _ A 090160, off Shaka's Rock, 53 - 57 m) I calicular view J lateral view K, L Flabellum (Ulocyathus) alabastrum (SAMC _ A 090102, off the Agulhas, 168 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Flabellum (Ulocyathus) lowekeyesi (SAM _ H 1695, off Kosi Bay Estuary, 720 - 780 m) M calicular view N lateral view O, P Javania antarctica (SAMC _ A 090150, off Gouritsmond, 333 m) O calicular view P lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure11"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604114"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">Fig. 11K, L.</figureCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="73F2F472939C351308428B172E80DBA2"author="Moseley, H"journalOrPublisher="Zoology"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="1 - 248"refId="B196"refString="Moseley, H, 1881. Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage H.M.S. Challenger, in the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Zoology 2: 1 - 248"title="Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage H. M. S. Challenger, in the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76."volume="2"year="1881">Moseley 1881</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="937E7D2A77811BCCE10C46283C3F19A4"author="Zibrowius, H"journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B337"refString="Zibrowius, H, 1980. Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco"title="Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental."year="1980">Zibrowius 1980</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="4253157304C32CF193604731279E6F7D"author="Cairns, S"journalOrPublisher="NOAA Technical Report, NMFS Circular 438"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B31"refString="Cairns, S, 1981. Marine flora and fauna of the northeastern United States. NOAA Technical Report, NMFS Circular 438"title="Marine flora and fauna of the northeastern United States."year="1981">Cairns 1981</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="23B404E7B37702009C062735889809A0"author="Zibrowius, H"journalOrPublisher="Crustaceana"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B339"refString="Zibrowius, H, 1985. Asexual reproduction by bud-shedding in shallow- water Balanophyllia of the tropical Indo-Pacific (Cnidaria; Scleractinia; Dendrophylliidae). Proceedings of the Fifth International Coral Reef Congress, Tahiti 5: 233."title="Asexual reproduction by bud-shedding in shallow- water Balanophyllia of the tropical Indo-Pacific (Cnidaria; Scleractinia; Dendrophylliidae). Proceedings of the Fifth International Coral Reef Congress, Tahiti 5: 233."year="1985">. -Zibrowius 1985</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="E152E685DAA2A3FF5BFCE726DFA036DC"author="Duncan, P"journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Zoological Society of London"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="235 - 249"refId="B73"refString="Duncan, P, 1878. A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expedition of H.M.S. Porcupine in 1869 and 1870. Part 2. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 10 (6): 235 - 249"title="A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expedition of H. M. S. Porcupine in 1869 and 1870. Part 2."volume="10"year="1878">Duncan 1878</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="262B8B328039036EC7FC61AB41AB810B"author="Zibrowius, H"journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B337"refString="Zibrowius, H, 1980. Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco"title="Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental."year="1980">Zibrowius 1980</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="45A6D8FF5B698B0A484A6D75D2ACDE82"author="Zibrowius, H"journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B337"refString="Zibrowius, H, 1980. Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco"title="Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental."year="1980">Zibrowius 1980</bibRefCitation>
Corallum unattached with a narrow and circular pedicel. Calice compressed (GCD:LCD = 1.4), with a highly jagged calicular margin. Largest specimen examined 28.3
19.8 mm in CD, 22.1 mm in H, and 2.2 mm in PD. Thecal faces planar and diverging at an angle of 110°. Thecal edges crested and diverging in an angle of 150° (excluding crests). Thecal crest sinuous. C1-3 well developed and extending from calicular margin towards base. Thin and faint growth ridges, corresponding to higher cycle septa (S4-5) present. Corallum predominantly white, but pedicel and intercostal striae reddish brown.
Septa arranged in five cycles, last being incomplete, according to the formula: S1-3> S4> S5 (≤ 80 septa). S1-3 equidistant and join columella with moderately sinuous axial margins. S4 ~
the size of S1-3, and bear sinuous axial margin. S5 rudimentary. Septal faces bear small spines sparsely arranged along the septal margins. Fossa moderately deep, narrow, and containing a rudimentary columella composed by fusion of lower axial margin of larger septa.
<bibRefCitationid="12214008C37F5AB33F4149D49F9B5C3C"author="Cairns, S"journalOrPublisher="NOAA Technical Report, NMFS Circular 438"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B31"refString="Cairns, S, 1981. Marine flora and fauna of the northeastern United States. NOAA Technical Report, NMFS Circular 438"title="Marine flora and fauna of the northeastern United States."year="1981">Cairns 1981</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="36E34EAD7A0F9FC81182F729E0BE7736"author="Zibrowius, H"journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B337"refString="Zibrowius, H, 1980. Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco"title="Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental."year="1980">Zibrowius 1980</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="72FA4244406DDAE194E133CE568693B1"author="Cairns, S"journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="1 - 136"refId="B34"refString="Cairns, S, 1989a. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 1 - 136"title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae."volume="486"year="1989 a">Cairns 1989a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="AD56F13AE5B97D99231B4F4CD865502E"author="Cairns, S"journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="1 - 210"refId="B38"refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210"title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)."volume="103"year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
is historically only known from the Atlantic, thus the current South African record extends the species distribution to the Indian Ocean (east of Cape Point). Furthermore, the examined specimens confirm that the
