<documentID-CLB-Dataset="8096"ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033"ID-GBIF-Dataset="6b752569-7f6e-4e32-8e0b-f7dc8b3711d4"ID-PMC="PMC7907054"ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1018-1"ID-Pensoft-UUID="84B0D9BEE71D5171B80C3F4CBFDC7366"ID-PubMed="33664609"ID-ZooBank="7E9360A5A359437A91C004C74B1FE9D6"ModsDocID="1313-2970-1018-1"checkinTime="1613747250157"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Cumming, Royce T., Bank, Sarah, Bresseel, Joachim, Constant, Je ́ ro ̂ me, Tirant, Stephane Le, Dong, Zhiwei, Sonet, Gontran & Bradler, Sven"docDate="2021"docId="C8E17D58FF8F562DAD931973898C355E"docLanguage="en"docName="ZooKeys 1018: 1-179"docOrigin="ZooKeys 1018"docPubDate="2021-02-18"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033"docTitle="Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et 2021, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docUuid="30DBFBC7-7AF0-46ED-9A3F-E50D0F17E457"docUuidSource="ZooBank"docVersion="7"id="84B0D9BEE71D5171B80C3F4CBFDC7366"lastPageNumber="1"masterDocId="84B0D9BEE71D5171B80C3F4CBFDC7366"masterDocTitle="Cryptophyllium, the hidden leaf insects - descriptions of a new leaf insect genus and thirteen species from the former celebicum species group (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae)"masterLastPageNumber="179"masterPageNumber="1"pageNumber="1"updateTime="1732936854391"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:titleid="E766281FFDA052E112C902A7897EDCBF">Cryptophyllium, the hidden leaf insects - descriptions of a new leaf insect genus and thirteen species from the former celebicum species group (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae)</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="DB5B34B48D3A4EDCF322964CF51919F4">Montreal Insectarium, 4581 rue Sherbrooke est, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H 1 X 2 B 2 & Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA & Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="6F8D7B24113CE9CD1AD00B14C985561A">Department of Animal Evolution and Biodiversity, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, University of Go ̈ ttingen, Untere Karspu ̈ le 2, 37073, Go ̈ ttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="E19EC29B2FC92263FD70E6F9DD1FB657">Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, O. D. Taxonomy and Phylogeny and JEMU, rue Vautier 29, B- 1000, Brussels, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePartid="2250421A7FF834026E8824910DD9D1AC">Constant, Je ́ ro ̂ me</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliationid="71C247253EB80085A4EFC79175BE2D95">Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, O. D. Taxonomy and Phylogeny and JEMU, rue Vautier 29, B- 1000, Brussels, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="E337A7D14DEACC06FD3E91DDC69D9689">Montreal Insectarium, 4581 rue Sherbrooke est, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H 1 X 2 B 2</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="E55BBEFFE88BE9E98D1F59E3864FD95C">State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="204DD4011E44F98045664D4B1CA9898B">Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, O. D. Taxonomy and Phylogeny and JEMU, rue Vautier 29, B- 1000, Brussels, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="B14DC944706400104CBC2EF0824E866A">Department of Animal Evolution and Biodiversity, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, University of Go ̈ ttingen, Untere Karspu ̈ le 2, 37073, Go ̈ ttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<figureCitationid="6CE7CCA8BBA595BFF2A4311BE17C7537"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">Figure 31</figureCitation>
♂: "VIETNAM: Quang Ngai Province, Bato Mt. 900 m. elv: May 2015 (Coll RC 16-114)". Molecularly sampled within our analysis. Deposited in the Montreal Insectarium (IMQC).
This large species was immediately identified as distinct by the size and additionally by the large, prominent tubercles of the mesopleura, which are not as distinct in males of other
<taxonomicNameid="4E638DDE4D521731BAA6826224C158A6"authorityName="Cumming & Bank & Bresseel & Constant & Tirant & Dong & Sonet & Bradler"authorityYear="2021"class="Insecta"family="Phylliidae"genus="Cryptophyllium"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Animalia"lsidName="Cryptophyllium"order="Phasmida"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="genus">
gen. nov. species. Despite several expeditions to southern Vietnam by the RBINS expedition members, no possible female for this species has been located to date, despite the fact that the female is likely a very large phylliid. Hopefully future expeditions reveal the female so the morphology to congenerics can be compared.
<figureCitationid="F35EB5F0BF66ECD7655917D5903C3DD4"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="04BBC8C41E5CF10A1235F08EA07290E5"captionStart="Figure 10"captionStartId="F10"captionText="Figure 10. Holotype Cryptophyllium animatum gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the protibial and profemoral lobes C details of the head and thorax, dorsal D genitalia, ventral E head-thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure10"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510474"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">10C</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="E36BEC37E5BDC43E6F1ED9AC39994A5A"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31B</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="699D165179E55166EC0EEAB59C0FE08C"captionStart="Figure 10"captionStartId="F10"captionText="Figure 10. Holotype Cryptophyllium animatum gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the protibial and profemoral lobes C details of the head and thorax, dorsal D genitalia, ventral E head-thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure10"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510474"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">10B</figureCitation>
<paragraphid="73ADA65562CA809F9EF5861C162CCB85"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">Presently only known from central and southern Vietnam, no other specimens are presently known. The two Vietnamese provinces that this species is known from are Quang Ngai and Lam Dong Provinces.</paragraph>
Coloration description based on the dried holotype specimen, not on living individuals which are likely a more vibrant green. Overall coloration is pale green with variable patches of yellow throughout due to the drying of the specimen (Fig.
<figureCitationid="4E9C5C739B3E3C7C426A05FF9D362DE6"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31B</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="0A67B2A56FB7E299144B07A093A1698F"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
Head capsule slightly longer than wide, with a vertex that lacks granulation; posteromedial tubercle notable as the only feature on the posterior half of the head capsule (Fig.
<figureCitationid="03751AA3887D6602450BDB47646C9A8E"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
). Frontal convexity stout, with a somewhat broad point, and with numerous short setae throughout the surface. Compound eyes large but not overly bulbous, occupying slightly> ⅓ of the head capsule lateral margins (Fig.
<figureCitationid="C0F3A981BB8448405BFA85090C90BD1F"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
Antennae (including the scapus and pedicellus) consists of 28 segments. The scapus and pedicellus are mostly bare but with few very short setae throughout, segments III-XXV are covered in dense, thin, pale setae that are as long as or longer than the antennae segment is wide. The terminal three segments have dense short setae throughout that are notably shorter than the segments are wide.
<figureCitationid="27429277AA32D7A7BC16A99B28E6989D"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="F57229710E77CE54C1A1917ABA07235B"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
). Face of the pronotum is marked by a smooth surface, distinct sagittal furrow on the anterior half, a pit just posterior to the center, and a moderate perpendicular furrow just anterior to the central pit (Fig.
<figureCitationid="DC6064AB73E39E6C6EB8D83DA510B55E"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
). Prosternum only has minimal small granulation on a mostly smooth surface, the mesosternum surface on the anterior half is heavily granulose and the posterior half is wrinkled to smooth (Fig.
<figureCitationid="1BA4F99133A9A95512D147537EF895A2"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31C</figureCitation>
). The metasternum lacks granulation but has a smooth wrinkled surface throughout. Prescutum narrow, longer than wide, with lateral margins that are straight and marked with four or five large smooth tubercles of almost equal size with few smaller nodes interspersed between them, spaces between the prominent tubercles relatively smooth (Fig.
<figureCitationid="37F178D1CD2D60318AFD4756DAC32DCF"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
).The surface of the prescutum is slightly raised along the sagittal plane which is marked with nine or ten, smooth nodes of slightly varying size, with the remainder of the prescutum surface lacking nodes, but with a slightly wrinkled surface instead (Fig.
<figureCitationid="FDDF60C49BF798365346DCF39252858D"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="A26B487E7EE0ABC8A1438420CC00E3B0"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="EB7BC7E6135501FE7DD2410A6480E6F5"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="7C03394FDAED687DD940FA7D0BDF1E59"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31A</figureCitation>
through abdominal segment III. Tegmina venation: the subcosta (Sc) is the first vein, is simple, and terminates the earliest ca. ⅖ of the way through the overall tegmina length. The radius (R) spans the entire length of the tegmina with the first radius (R1) branching just proximal to the midline and terminating just distal to the midline, followed by the branching and termination of the second radius (R2) near the distal ⅓ of the wing, and then the radial sector runs to the wing apex. The media (M) also spans the entire length of the tegmina with the first media posterior (MP1) branching off just proximal to the midline, and then the second media posterior (MP2) branches just posterior to the midline, and the media anterior (MA) runs to the wing apex. The cubitus (Cu) runs along the edge of the wing as the two media posterior veins fuse with it and as the cubitus reaches the apex it fades. The first anal (1A) vein terminates upon reaching the cubitus ca. ⅓ of the way through the wing length. Alae well-developed in an oval fan configuration, long, reaching ⅔ of the way through abdominal segment VIII. Alae venation: the costa (C) is present along the entire foremargin giving stability to the wing. The subcosta (Sc) is long, spanning slightly <⅔ of the wing length and is fused with the radius in the beginning but terminates when it meets the costa. The radius (R) spans the entire wing and branches ca. ⅖ of the way through into the first radius (R1) and radial sector (Rs) which run gently diverging for most of their length and then converge at the apex of the wing where they terminate near each other but not touching. The media (M) branches early, ca. ⅙ of the way through the wing into the media anterior (MA) and the media posterior (MP) which run parallel with each other throughout the wing until the distal quarter of the wing where the media posterior fuses with the media anterior which then run fused together to the wing apex where they terminate near the radial sector. The cubitus (Cu) runs unbranched and terminates at the wing apex. Of the anterior anal veins, the first anterior anal (1AA) fuses with the cubitus near the point where the media branches into the media anterior and media posterior and then the first anterior anal branches from the cubitus ⅔ of the way through the wing length where it uniformly diverges from the cubitus until it terminates at the wing margin. The anterior anal veins two-seven (2AA-7AA) have a common origin and run unbranched in a folding fan pattern of relatively uniform spacing to the wing margin. The posterior anal veins (1PA-6PA) share a common origin separate from the anterior anal veins and run unbranched to the wing margin with slightly thinner spacing than the anterior anal veins.
Abdomen is a narrow dagger-like shape. Abdominal segment II with parallel-sided margins, III with gently diverging margins, the anterior half of segment IV gently diverging to the widest point of the abdomen. The remainder of segment IV through the apex are converging uniformly with straight margins to the apex.
of their length protruding from under the terminal abdominal segment. The cerci are relatively flat, not strongly cupped, covered in a granulose surface and numerous short setae throughout. Vomer broad and stout with straight sides evenly converging to the apex which is armed with two upwards turning hooks.
<figureCitationid="B440D651EC9931C0FD3D1F5164E3B1D8"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31B</figureCitation>
). Profemoral interior lobe an obtusely rounded triangle with six, serrate, anteriorly pointing teeth arranged in pairs with looping gaps between them (in the holotype the middle pair of teeth are uneven in size, one notably larger than the other; Fig.
<figureCitationid="BE2167F6B627E1908766F473D647FD8E"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31B</figureCitation>
). Mesofemoral exterior lobe arcs end to end but with the widest portion slightly distal to the midline, and the widest point slightly wider than the interior lobe. The mesofemoral exterior lobe is marked with six or seven small serrate teeth distal to the widest point, with the proximal portion of the lobe smooth. The mesofemoral interior lobe is approximately the same width as the mesofemoral shaft with five or six small serrate teeth on the distal half only. Metafemoral exterior lobe thin, lacks dentation, and has a straight margin along the metafemoral shaft. Metafemoral interior lobe smoothly arcs end to end with nine or ten small serrate teeth on the distal half only. Protibiae lacking exterior lobe, interior lobe reaching end to end in a smooth evenly weighted triangle two and a half times as wide as the protibial shaft (Fig.
<figureCitationid="9B66DE5D51FFA69AEC00670CAB2434E5"captionStart="Figure 31"captionStartId="F31"captionText="Figure 31. Holotype Cryptophyllium faulkneri gen. et sp. nov., photographs by RTC A details of the base of antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal B habitus, dorsal C details of thorax, ventral D details of head and thorax, lateral."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure31"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510495"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">31B</figureCitation>
<paragraphid="17A23FEA099D024DA030295AC22A1653"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">Patronym. Dedicated to David Faulkner, California, United States. Forensic entomology mentor to RTC and dear friend.</paragraph>
