<documentID-CLB-Dataset="21450"ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298"ID-GBIF-Dataset="21975627-96b7-45c7-9c80-0a73a850169a"ID-PMC="PMC7387366"ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-950-51"ID-Pensoft-UUID="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E"ID-PubMed="32774101"ID-ZooBank="3E805885D3354FB3AE8DFA443FAD82AE"ModsDocID="1313-2970-950-51"checkinTime="1595285263451"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Takaoka, Hiroyuki, Srisuka, Wichai, Fukuda, Masako & Saeung, Atiporn"docDate="2020"docId="07DA9195C1BF585ABE8F3D4C5B91BD08"docLanguage="en"docName="ZooKeys 950: 51-152"docOrigin="ZooKeys 950"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298"docTitle="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) maewongense Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung 2020, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docUuid="232C34A2-71F4-4F44-B1C9-E0E8D405219F"docUuidSource="ZooBank"docVersion="6"id="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E"lastPageNumber="51"masterDocId="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E"masterDocTitle="Twenty-one new species of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) asakoae species group (Diptera, Simuliidae) in Thailand, with their genetic relationships"masterLastPageNumber="152"masterPageNumber="51"pageNumber="51"updateTime="1732680320779"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:titleid="FE236B7A8E6B3ADDE1095D4C6B7708FA">Twenty-one new species of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) asakoae species group (Diptera, Simuliidae) in Thailand, with their genetic relationships</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="A32FEF5E7580ABC419116F2A264CA463">Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="84AE44BE92C70A50B3E7007A76717239">Entomology Section, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, P. O. Box 7, Maerim, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="7330BA5A6E2F83E2E34D350747745FE1">Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
<figureCitationid="FF2E75C8DCCCBA0F6EAE7972F9070E6F"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">Figs 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="C49B9D2FDBC8C1EE26D9EC996A9ABE0D"captionStart="Figure 25"captionStartId="F25"captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">, 25M</figureCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="B4A97DA9FD05E9E08797F6A52987E91D"authorityName="Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung"authorityYear="2020"class="Insecta"family="Simuliidae"genus="Simulium"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Animalia"lsidName="Simulium maewongense"order="Diptera"pageId="0"pageNumber="51"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="maewongense">
male, QSBG col. no. 80, Thailand, 12-VII-2018, by W. Srisuka", collected from a small stream (width 20 cm, depth 2 cm bed sandy, slow flow, 19.5 °C, partially shaded, elevation 1,322 m,
, 98°30'53.0"E), at Chon Yen, Mae Wong National Park, Klong Lan District, Kham Phaeng Phet Province, Thailand, 12-VII-2018, by W. Srisuka (Coll. No. 80).
: Three females, four males (thorax of one male for DNA analysis) (with their associated pupal exuviae and cocoons), and 14 mature larvae (two mature larvae for DNA analysis) (in 80% ethanol), same data as for holotype; one female (with its associated pupal exuviae and cocoon). (in 80% ethanol), collected from a stream of Klong Nam Lai (width 1.4 m, depth 13 cm, bed sandy, moderate flow, pH 6.23, 25.8 °C, exposed to the sun, elevation 196 m,
Female: mandible lacking teeth on the outer margin. Male: upper-eye (large) facets in eleven vertical columns and 13 or 14 horizontal rows. Pupa: thorax bare except the anterior two-fifths or half and small area of the dorsal surface near the posterior margin moderately covered with tubercles, and cocoon with a short anterodorsal projection or bulge (Fig.
<figureCitationid="043FBD58FF9EE4EB35EE327C8C8F94C3"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7G</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="13F906DF4CAC6582D063B441C256C59B"captionStart="Figure 25"captionStartId="F25"captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">25M</figureCitation>
Frontal ratio 1.8-2.0:1.0:2.3-3.3. Frons: head ratio 1.0:4.3-5.4. Labrum 0.68 times length of clypeus. Maxillary palpus: proportional length of third, fourth and fifth palpal segments 1.0:1.0-1.1:2.2-2.3; sensory vesicle medium-long, 0.36 times as long as third palpal segment. Lacinia with 8-11 inner and 12 or 13 outer teeth. Mandible with 21-23 teeth on inner margin and lacking teeth on outer margin (though outer margin undulated).
Fore basitarsus 6.3-6.5 times as long as its greatest width. Hind basitarsus 5.9-6.1 times as long as its greatest width and 0.7 and 0.6 times as wide as greatest width of hind tibia and femur, respectively. Calcipala nearly as long as wide and 0.56 times as wide as greatest width of hind basitarsus.
Sternite 8 with 17-22 medium to long stout hairs and three to five short slender hairs. Ovipositor valve with one to four short hairs. Paraproct 0.5 times as long as wide, and with 22-25 short to medium-long hairs on outer surface. Cercus 0.4 times as long as wide. Spermatheca ellipsoidal, 1.4 times as long as its greatest width.
Upper eye dark brown, consisting of large facets in eleven vertical columns and 13 or 14 horizontal rows on each side. Antenna: first flagellomere 1.6 times as long as second. Maxillary palpus: proportional length of third, fourth and fifth palpal segments 1.0:1.2:2.8; sensory vesicle small, globular or ellipsoidal, 0.19-0.21 times as long as palpal segment 3.
<figureCitationid="88A6AA222D16E2AE72897FC2D73A1969"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7A</figureCitation>
) dark brown except little less than basal half yellowish white, and enlarged, 3.5 times as long as its greatest width, and 1.0 and 1.2-1.3 times as wide as greatest width of hind tibia and femur, respectively. Calcipala (Fig.
<figureCitationid="A6D4D1B1BEF0351B89F1E9127002B81B"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7A</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="F958D4EA9629A2D39E01ABB00E5AECCE"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7B</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="7DECFF60EDAFEE83890920F3739CE50E"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7D</figureCitation>
Integument almost bare except anterior two-fifths to half moderately covered with round tubercles and small dorsal area near posterior margin sparsely covered with tubercles. Gill (Fig.
<figureCitationid="025AB36F8522DE8B49C6D023C98D093D"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7E</figureCitation>
) composed of eight slender thread-like filaments, arranged as [3+(1+2)]+2or [(2+1)+(1+2)]+2 or [(2+1)+3]+2 from dorsal to ventral, with medium-long common basal stalk having somewhat swollen transparent basal fenestra; common basal stalk 0.6-0.7 times length of interspiracular trunk; dorsal and middle triplets sharing short stalk, and dorsal triplet mostly composed of three individual filaments arising at same level, middle triplet mostly composed of one individual and two paired filaments with extremely short secondary stalk; stalk of ventral pair of filaments, 0.9-1.3 times length of common basal stalk, and 0.6-0.9 times length of interspiracular trunk, and 0.9 times as thick as common stalk of middle and dorsal triplets; primary stalk of dorsal triplet lying against that of lower pair at angle of 60-90° when viewed laterally; filaments of dorsal and middle triplets subequal in length (1.8-2.2 mm) and thickness to one another; two filaments of ventral pair subequal in length (2.8-3.2 mm) and thickness to each other and 1.6 times as thick as six other filaments of dorsal and middle triplets when compared basally.
<figureCitationid="9DA1E4E3EDE1DA77DFDBF533E6757A0C"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7F</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="8FCB86013C4CF0B28B84581461DE61C1"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7G</figureCitation>
). Slipper-shaped, moderately woven, widely extended ventrolaterally; anterior margin thickly woven medially, with bulge or short projection; 3.0-4.0 mm long by 2.5-2.8 mm wide.
= 12). Body length 5.5-6.5 mm. Body creamy white to light ochreous with following color markings: thoracic segment 1 encircled with ochreous or reddish brown band (though disconnected ventromedially), thoracic segments 2 and 3 ochreous on ventral surface; abdominal segments 1 and 2 entirely grey, dorsal and dorsolateral surface of abdominal segment 4 with faint reddish brown band or spot (though completely faded in some larvae), abdominal segments 5 and 6 each with reddish brown, W-shaped, transverse band near posterior margin of dorsal and dorsolateral surface, which is always distinct on abdominal segment 5 but is faded to varying extent on abdominal segment 6 leaving one small round dorsomedial spot and two distinct lateral areas, abdominal segments 7 and 8 distinctly covered with reddish brown pigment on each dorsolateral surface (Fig.
<figureCitationid="F1844D85243C1C4B29B43EBC90916B74"captionStart="Figure 25"captionStartId="F25"captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">25M</figureCitation>
Head spots faintly (or rarely moderately) positive or indistinct. Antenna: proportional lengths of first, second, and third articles 1.0:0.8:0.7-0.8. Labral fan with 27-29 primary rays. Hypostoma: median tooth little longer than each corner tooth. Postgenal cleft small, rounded, 0.9-1.2 times length of postgenal bridge.
Rectal organ compound, each of three lobes with 6-8 finger-like secondary lobules. Anal sclerite with anterior arms 1.1-1.2 times as long as posterior ones. Posterior circlet with 91-96 rows of hooklets with up to 14 or 15 hooklets per row.
<bibRefCitationid="E493397708D4EE892DE27C37C04A0922"author="Takaoka, H"journalOrPublisher="Medical Entomology and Zoology"pageId="0"pageNumber="51"refId="B18"refString="Takaoka, H, Davies, DM, 1996. The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Java, Indonesia. Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology 6, Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, viii + 81 pp."title="The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Java, Indonesia. Bishop Museum Bulletin in Entomology 6, Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, viii + 81 pp."year="1996">Takaoka and Davies 1996</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitationid="F647B3D65E039FB7CC230E2471EE500A"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7B</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="C5B17D07D518A58429687B09FF83C9E6"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7D</figureCitation>
by the relative length of the female sensory vesicle against the third palpal segment 0.36 (0.26-0.27) and male upper-eye facets in eleven vertical columns (12 or 13 vertical columns); from
<figureCitationid="ACE67D109316D16DCFCF374E5A058F6A"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. Male and pupa of S. maewongense sp. nov. A-D male E-G pupa. A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) D ventral plate (caudal view) E gill filaments (right side; lateral view) F terminal hooks (caudal view) G cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (G); 0.1 mm (A, E); 0.02 mm (B-D); 0.01 mm (F)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433871"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">7B</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="405B26552384031E9CC2785AAB5C6167"captionStart="Figure 25"captionStartId="F25"captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889"pageId="0"pageNumber="51">25M</figureCitation>
differs from this new species by the number of male upper-eye facets in 15 vertical columns and 15 or 16 horizontal rows and cocoon without an anterodorsal projection (
<bibRefCitationid="908C2AB9934E23D34F15048C26B80A8A"author="Huang, YT"journalOrPublisher="Tropical Biomedicine"pageId="0"pageNumber="51"pagination="577 - 588"publicationUrl="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22433887"refId="B5"refString="Huang, YT, Takaoka, H, Otsuka, Y, Aoki, C, 2011. Simulium (Gomphostilbia) taitungense, a new species of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Taiwan, with description of the male of S. (G.) tuenense Takaoka. Tropical Biomedicine 28: 577 - 588, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22433887"title="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) taitungense, a new species of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Taiwan, with description of the male of S. (G.) tuenense Takaoka."url="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22433887"volume="28"year="2011">Huang et. al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
