201 lines
21 KiB
XML
201 lines
21 KiB
XML
|
<document id="BFDC07F75719A0ED78EEE8C79C58D882" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.186318" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3e00f698-e22e-41d6-86ca-bf8bec9a41f2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="186318" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461050036523" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Xue, Dayong, Wang, Xuejian & Han, Hongxiang" docDate="2009" docId="417987ADFFF56867FF33FDF4FCE4F85C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02033p025.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2033" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Episothalma Swinhoe 1893" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="BD40FFD5FFF46866FFA4FFC9FFCBFFAF" masterDocTitle="A revision of Episothalma Swinhoe, 1893, with descriptions of two new species and one new genus (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae)" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="12" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698578449513" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
|
|
<mods:mods id="B34276C23DFB29E686CB7A47ABADD042" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="5516730992B7E9F65755BCEE99D032A7">
|
||
|
|
<mods:title id="FA08073BF7621FC27B70EED5F4CE8EB8">A revision of Episothalma Swinhoe, 1893, with descriptions of two new species and one new genus (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae)</mods:title>
|
||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
|
|
<mods:name id="F8ED30E24EAF710C7AD334E48362DCBC" type="personal">
|
||
|
|
<mods:role id="717A0F0CAAE7FCB8403BEAC79F566C55">
|
||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="DF938513986736F1BD1BDC45089CAA51">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="F2CA012F7C42528BCD096B5D7B694272">Xue, Dayong</mods:namePart>
|
||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
||
|
|
<mods:name id="AD03E0775D1F6F39607BD4FE84F499C2" type="personal">
|
||
|
|
<mods:role id="7E57BC2E716F801D9D9D7C522BAFDE50">
|
||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="EFBEC6823B8DE2CCF54062E40112F15B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="71003F14D174EADA213FBA1F1C604143">Wang, Xuejian</mods:namePart>
|
||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
||
|
|
<mods:name id="0A01F2002B093A6FA0CFC8EB4EE540CF" type="personal">
|
||
|
|
<mods:role id="0273A631F7349C9C8E9036689BA989A4">
|
||
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="0E6A5A2F85473A4D9B6E29099D92DFE9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
|
|
</mods:role>
|
||
|
|
<mods:namePart id="317130CBC55A6F1F908B8F9010643D88">Han, Hongxiang</mods:namePart>
|
||
|
|
</mods:name>
|
||
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="5515F93F3FB33787F9CB57B42233C384">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="830150B328562DEE81C64C678C1EF03F" type="host">
|
||
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="CE28753A615250CB172BD40AB26EC1CB">
|
||
|
|
<mods:title id="399604BA536E57D92ADBCD0635797B8A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
|
|
<mods:part id="56DB0C4C024232E7355255996DDB9EB6">
|
||
|
|
<mods:date id="E936FF0DA5E868EF390E61C947E145A5">2009</mods:date>
|
||
|
|
<mods:detail id="95EE656F61C972672723A0D0D34579D2" type="volume">
|
||
|
|
<mods:number id="8D815874653DD5FEE2205973A58E4D0A">2033</mods:number>
|
||
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
||
|
|
<mods:extent id="2490267BDFF6C3361AEE9311DEB67646" unit="page">
|
||
|
|
<mods:start id="86BAD173B96E22916A5C176C38E3F2FF">12</mods:start>
|
||
|
|
<mods:end id="08C570A0E7DD973DD97497630D60B622">25</mods:end>
|
||
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
||
|
|
</mods:part>
|
||
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
|
|
<mods:classification id="22C5E2559861BA7681D4832DA21ABDDE">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="C633A43A1760ED0E0EA1F4CF645101EE" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.186318</mods:identifier>
|
||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="970C1B138D5777CCADD461CDEE478C2D" type="GBIF-Dataset">3e00f698-e22e-41d6-86ca-bf8bec9a41f2</mods:identifier>
|
||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="8A700D11318F579270F6A760D707B581" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
|
|
<mods:identifier id="906794278979FE8933886AAE54B1F176" type="Zenodo-Dep">186318</mods:identifier>
|
||
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
||
|
|
<treatment id="417987ADFFF56867FF33FDF4FCE4F85C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6225554" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611622" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6225554" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417987ADFFF56867FF33FDF4FCE4F85C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/417987ADFFF56867FF33FDF4FCE4F85C" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF56867FF33FDF4FD42FD1B" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF56867FF33FDF4FE22FDF8" blockId="1.[151,489,573,599]" box="[151,489,573,599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<heading id="922781D7FFF56867FF33FDF4FE22FDF8" bold="true" box="[151,489,573,599]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FF33FDF4FE22FDF8" ID-CoL="928B9" authority="Swinhoe, 1893" authorityName="Swinhoe" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,489,573,599]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF33FDF4FE22FDF8" bold="true" box="[151,489,573,599]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF33FDF4FEFBFDF8" bold="true" box="[151,304,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Swinhoe, 1893
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF56867FF33FDB4FD42FD1B" blockId="1.[151,1436,637,724]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FF33FDB4FE02FD3B" authority="Swinhoe, 1893" authorityName="Swinhoe" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,457,637,660]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF33FDB4FED5FD3B" box="[151,286,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AD414B4AFFF56867FE82FDB4FE02FD3B" author="Swinhoe" box="[294,457,637,660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="25" refString="Swinhoe, C. (1893 a) On new Geometers. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (6) 12, 147 - 157." type="journal article" year="1893" yearSuffix="a">Swinhoe, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
a,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FE46FDB4FD75FD3B" box="[482,702,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
. (6) 12: 149.
|
||
|
|
<typeStatus id="166B8819FFF56867FCF2FDB4FC40FD3B" box="[854,907,637,660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
|
|
species:
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FC4BFDB4FABEFD3B" authority="Walker, 1861" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1861" box="[1007,1397,637,660]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Thalassodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sisunaga">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FC4BFDB4FB10FD3B" box="[1007,1243,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Thalassodes sisunaga</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Walker, 1861
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, by original designation. [
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FE0BFD54FDC8FD1B" box="[431,515,669,692]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
]: Hindostan.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF56867FF33FD74FEA0FA53" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF56867FF33FD74FB60FD7B" blockId="1.[151,1436,637,724]" box="[151,1195,701,724]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FF33FD74FE34FD7B" ID-CoL="95JY5" authority="Hampson, 1895" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,511,701,724]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episthophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF33FD74FE86FD7B" box="[151,333,701,724]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episthophthalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AD414B4AFFF56867FEF0FD74FE34FD7B" author="Hampson" box="[340,511,701,724]" pageId="1" pageNumber="24" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1895) Geometridae. The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma (Moths), 3, 138 - 519." type="journal article" year="1895">Hampson, 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FDAEFD74FD78FD7B" box="[522,691,701,724]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
Fauna Br.
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FDDFFD74FD78FD7B" box="[635,691,701,724]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(Moths) 3: 483. [Emendation of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FBB0FD74FB51FD7B" ID-CoL="928B9" box="[1044,1178,701,724]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FBB0FD74FB51FD7B" box="[1044,1178,701,724]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
.]
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF56867FF33FD33FEA0FA53" blockId="1.[151,1437,762,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF33FD33FE98FCBB" bold="true" box="[151,339,762,788]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Head: Antenna ciliate in male, filiform in female. Frons moderately protruding, smoothscaled. Labial palpus short, third segment in female elongate. Thorax:
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FC48FCE8FBE3FC94" box="[1004,1064,801,827]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
tibia with one pair of terminal spurs in male and two pairs of spurs in female. Wing pattern: Outer margin of both wings wavy, lightly concave under forewing apex and deeply concave between M1 and M3 on hind wing; inner margin on hind wing elongate. Transverse lines on both wings distinct or indistinct; forewing with antemedial line slightly wavy; both wings with postmedial lines slightly dentate; discal spots dark brown or black dot on both sides. Both wings with ventral side much paler than dorsum; postmedial line distinct. Venation: Frenulum developed. Forewing: Vein R1 free; R2-5 and M1 diverging from the anterior angle of cell; R2 diverging before R5; M3 and CuA1 from the posterior angle of cell.
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FD79FBFCFCD3FBE0" box="[733,792,1077,1103]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
wing: Rs longly stalked with M1; M3 and CuA1 stalked or both from the posterior angle of cell; 3A absent. Abdomen: Dorsal crests present. Sternite
|
||
|
|
<quantity id="0E289B5EFFF56867FB74FB96FB37FBD6" box="[1232,1276,1119,1145]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
|
|
male without setal patch. Male genitalia: Uncus developed, tapered or blunt at apex. Socii weak, usually shorter than uncus. Gnathos with lateral arms not joined at middle. Valva with apex rounded, setose; a longitudinal, irregularly wrinkled ridge with dense hair present in central part; a tapered, fairly sclerotized fold or hook present in the center, posterior to which there is a small lobe or a large dentate process. Transtilla a large sclerotized plate. Juxta a slightly to moderately sclerotized plate, posterior margin arched to reversed U-shape. Saccus not protruding, vinculum developed. Coremata fairly developed. Aedeagus moderately slender, broad and sclerotized posteriorly, manica often with sclerotized process, sometimes vesica sclerotized and wrinkled. Female genitalia: Apophyses anteriores very short. Lamella postvaginalis a small and rounded plate. Ductus bursae broad and fairly long, sclerotized. Corpus bursae moderately large, membranous, wrinkled, with a bicornute signum.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF56867FF61F9C1FF15F80A" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" type="diagnosis">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF56867FF61F9C1FF15F80A" blockId="1.[151,1437,762,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF61F9C1FE8EF98D" bold="true" box="[197,325,1544,1570]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
The genus
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FE74F9C0FDAEF98D" box="[464,613,1545,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FE74F9C0FDAEF98D" box="[464,613,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
looks superficially similar to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FC6DF9C0FB06F98C" authority="Warren, 1896" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1896" box="[969,1229,1545,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euxena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FC6DF9C0FBE9F98D" box="[969,1058,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Euxena</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AD414B4AFFF56867FB8EF9C0FB06F98C" author="Warren" box="[1066,1229,1545,1571]" pageId="1" pageNumber="25" refString="Warren, W. (1896) New species of Drepanulidae, Uraniidae, Epiplemidae, and Geometridae from the Papuan region, collected by Mr. Altert S. Meek. Novitates Zoologicae, 3, 272 - 306." type="journal article" year="1896">Warren, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, a member of the Aracimini, on wing patterns, but can be differentiated easily on external features. The main differences are as follows:
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FF5AF99FFE59F9C0" box="[254,402,1622,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF5AF99FFE59F9C0" box="[254,402,1622,1647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
has a much smaller discal spot on the dorsal side and paler markings on the ventral side, but
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FF61F9B4FED4F939" box="[197,287,1661,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euxena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF61F9B4FED4F939" box="[197,287,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Euxena</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
has a much larger discal spot on the dorsal side and stronger markings on the ventral side; the male hind tibia has only one pair of terminal spurs in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FC96F96AFC07F913" box="[818,972,1699,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FC96F96AFC07F913" box="[818,972,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, while there are two pairs of spurs in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FF33F903FF24F94C" box="[151,239,1738,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euxena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF33F903FF24F94C" box="[151,239,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Euxena</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
; the paired setal patches of sternite
|
||
|
|
<quantity id="0E289B5EFFF56867FD31F903FD09F94B" box="[661,706,1738,1764]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
|
|
the male are absent in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FC75F903FBAEF94C" box="[977,1125,1738,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FC75F903FBAEF94C" box="[977,1125,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
but present in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FAB0F903FAA7F94C" box="[1300,1388,1738,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euxena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FAB0F903FAA7F94C" box="[1300,1388,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Euxena</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
. As a member of the
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FEC1F938FE24F8A4" box="[357,495,1777,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemitheini">Hemitheini</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FE58F938FD5FF8A5" box="[508,660,1777,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FE58F938FD5FF8A5" box="[508,660,1777,1802]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is different from
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FCC8F938FC0DF8A5" box="[876,966,1777,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euxena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FCC8F938FC0DF8A5" box="[876,966,1777,1802]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Euxena</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in the male genitalia: for example, the socii of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FF58F8D1FE93F89E" box="[252,344,1816,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euxena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF58F8D1FE93F89E" box="[252,344,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Euxena</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
are triangular and broader, while those of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FCC9F8D1FBC2F89E" box="[877,1033,1816,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FCC9F8D1FBC2F89E" box="[877,1033,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
are tapering or with small lobes proximately; coremata are developed in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FDC9F8F7FCCAF8F8" box="[621,769,1854,1879]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FDC9F8F7FCCAF8F8" box="[621,769,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
but absent in
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FC00F8F7FC37F8F8" box="[932,1020,1854,1879]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Euxena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FC00F8F7FC37F8F8" box="[932,1020,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Euxena</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
. In the male genitalia,
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FAACF8F7FA57F8F8" box="[1288,1436,1854,1879]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FAACF8F7FA57F8F8" box="[1288,1436,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Episothalma</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is distinctive in the tribe
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF56867FE67F8ADFD82F8D1" box="[451,585,1892,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemitheini">Hemitheini</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
in having a tapered, fairly sclerotized fold or hook in the center of the valva.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF56867FF61F878FCE4F85C" pageId="1" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF56867FF61F878FCE4F85C" blockId="1.[151,1437,762,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF56867FF61F878FEA1F864" bold="true" box="[197,362,1969,1995]" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Oriental region, including
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FD13F87BFCC9F863" box="[695,770,1970,1996]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FCB4F87BFCB1F863" box="[784,890,1970,1996]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FC22F87BFC03F863" box="[902,968,1970,1996]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FC71F87BFB87F863" box="[981,1100,1970,1996]" name="Myanmar" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FBFDF87BFB6EF863" box="[1113,1189,1970,1996]" name="Nepal" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FB15F87BFAEBF863" box="[1201,1312,1970,1996]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FA89F87BFA57F863" box="[1325,1436,1970,1996]" name="Malaysia" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
(West and East),
|
||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF56867FEFAF810FE1BF85C" box="[350,464,2009,2035]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="14">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
(Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
</treatment>
|
||
|
|
</document>
|