treatments-xml/data/03/EF/87/03EF87B8FFF0FF97FF0CFBD1C07491D6.xml

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<mods:title id="A16CE48BB97CD1F45B94A3E6E2607BC7">Reassessing the phylogeny and divergence times of sloths (Mammalia: Pilosa: Folivora), exploring alternative morphological partitioning and dating models</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6E6E6568D56AEAE7E8DC3EA394FEDE7B">Casali, Daniel M</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D18DE955BDCDE08AA390DD86CC433D3C">Boscaini, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5EF49C369E42B80F086CA667238A5D6C">Gaudin, Timothy J</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1953EBA6DC1A3E998F107D0A9B230DFB">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03EF87B8FFF0FF97FF0CFBD1C07491D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7390313" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205608051" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7390313" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF87B8FFF0FF97FF0CFBD1C07491D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EF87B8FFF0FF97FF0CFBD1C07491D6" lastPageNumber="1528" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" scope_class="Eufolivora" scope_family="Megalonychidae" scope_subFamily="Megalonychinae" scope_superFamily="Megatherioidea">
<subSubSection id="C35C6525FFF0FF97FF0CFBD1C055936B" box="[163,324,1042,1066]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF936AEFFF0FF97FF0CFBD1C055936B" blockId="23.[163,324,1042,1066]" box="[163,324,1042,1066]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FF0CFBD1C055936B" box="[163,324,1042,1066]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Choloepodini">Choloepodini</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8BF936AEFFF0FF97FF0CFBF8C32E9311" blockId="23.[163,780,1082,1687]" box="[163,575,1082,1104]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">PP = 98, age = 7.07 Mya (5.67–8.93).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936AEFFF0FF97FF14FB9AC3619207" blockId="23.[163,780,1082,1687]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">
This clade is composed of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FDC1FB9AC214932F" box="[622,773,1113,1134]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Pliomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FDC1FB9AC214932F" box="[622,773,1113,1134]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Pliomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the Antillean megalonychines 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FDABFBBBC39D93CC" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[516,652,1144,1165]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Megalocnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FDABFBBBC39D93CC" box="[516,652,1144,1165]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Megalocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FD35FBBAC21593CF" box="[666,772,1145,1166]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Parocnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FD35FBBAC21593CF" box="[666,772,1145,1166]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Parocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FF0CFB54C01493ED" box="[163,261,1175,1196]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Neocnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FF0CFB54C01493ED" box="[163,261,1175,1196]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Neocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FEEDFB54C0D493ED" authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1916" box="[322,453,1175,1196]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Acratocnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FEEDFB54C0D493ED" box="[322,453,1175,1196]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Acratocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and the living sloth genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FF0CFB76C009938B" box="[163,280,1205,1226]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Choloepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FF0CFB76C009938B" box="[163,280,1205,1226]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Choloepus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It was consistently recovered in our analyses with the arrangement (
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FE11FB17C34793A8" box="[446,598,1236,1257]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Pliomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FE11FB17C34793A8" box="[446,598,1236,1257]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Pliomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (( 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FDD7FB17C21593A8" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[632,772,1236,1257]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Megalocnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FDD7FB17C21593A8" box="[632,772,1236,1257]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Megalocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FF0CFB30C0019249" box="[163,272,1267,1288]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Parocnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FF0CFB30C0019249" box="[163,272,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Parocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), (
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FE9DFB30C0879249" box="[306,406,1267,1288]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Neocnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FE9DFB30C0879249" box="[306,406,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Neocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FE01FB30C3229249" authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1916" box="[430,563,1267,1288]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Acratocnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FE01FB30C3229249" box="[430,563,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Acratocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FDECFB31C3AC9246" box="[579,701,1266,1287]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Choloepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FDECFB31C3AC9246" box="[579,701,1266,1287]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Choloepus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)))). In one exception—in par_EW— 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FE43FAD1C35D9266" box="[492,588,1298,1319]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Neocnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FE43FAD1C35D9266" box="[492,588,1298,1319]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Neocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FDF6FAD2C3C99267" authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1916" box="[601,728,1297,1318]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Acratocnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FDF6FAD2C3C99267" box="[601,728,1297,1318]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Acratocnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C464D2DFFF0FF97FF0CFAF3C0099204" box="[163,280,1328,1349]" class="Mammalia" family="Megalonychidae" genus="Choloepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932EABCFFF0FF97FF0CFAF3C0099204" box="[163,280,1328,1349]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Choloepus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were recovered in a polytomy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF936AEFFF0FF97FF14FA8DC07491D6" blockId="23.[163,780,1082,1687]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1528">Choloepodiniwassupportedbyeightsynapomorphies (six for both methods and two exclusively for BI): snout downturned anteroventrally, in lateral view; evenly convex dorsal surface of the skull; minimum width of palate between toothrows equal or less than width of Mf2; absence of postorbital process of zygomatic arch; occiput wider than deep; presence of recessus meatus (BI); presence of a strong concavity between greater trochanter and the head of femur (BI); and patellar trochlea confluent with lateral, but not with medial condylar surface.</paragraph>
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