<documentID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184"ID-GBIF-Dataset="0ab1eb2c-b111-4af1-8c4c-15edd0627926"ID-PMC="PMC9848744"ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1106-165"ID-Pensoft-UUID="46F78E589F6A5CC89A0199F10BA4407C"ID-PubMed="36760822"ID-ZooBank="EFA7EF372B83458D931D9A53DB311472"ModsDocID="1313-2970-1106-165"checkinTime="1655840326526"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Choo, Seohwi, Jeong, Man-Ki & Soh, Ho Young"docDate="2022"docId="E3E44616BFA95AF69B3B402BF57B6763"docLanguage="en"docName="ZooKeys 1106: 165-211"docOrigin="ZooKeys 1106"docPubDate="2022-06-21"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184"docTitle="Parasagitta elegans"docType="treatment"docVersion="4"id="46F78E589F6A5CC89A0199F10BA4407C"lastPageNumber="165"masterDocId="46F78E589F6A5CC89A0199F10BA4407C"masterDocTitle="Taxonomic reassessment of chaetognaths (Chaetognatha, Sagittoidea, Aphragmophora) from Korean waters"masterLastPageNumber="211"masterPageNumber="165"pageNumber="165"updateTime="1732485457127"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:titleid="A9ECAEEA9BA742982F531B37608EE385">Taxonomic reassessment of chaetognaths (Chaetognatha, Sagittoidea, Aphragmophora) from Korean waters</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="FAA056319AA997EFF6AB951710C87F57">Department of Smart Fisheries Resources Management, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePartid="B013192A5A15C09284CFA721CBC9C37B">Soh, Ho Young</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliationid="DFC93ECBB8B3152815E56759D5506056">Big data Fishery Resource Management Interdisciplinary Program, Chonnam University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea & Department of Smart Fisheries Resources Management, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
<figureCitationid="63ED7B2E6C8678D2F1FFF854EA5E2787"captionStart="Figure 17"captionStartId="F17"captionText="Figure 17. A Parasagitta elegans (dorsal view) B head C tail D anterior fin E posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; E = eye; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure17"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704201"pageId="0"pageNumber="165">Fig. 17A-E</figureCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="296180680D62CD396E2478E0BBA8B216"DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680443"author="Conant, FS"journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History"pageId="0"pageNumber="165"pagination="201 - 214"refId="B18"refString="Conant, FS, 1896. XXXII. - Notes on the Choetognaths. Journal of Natural History 18 (105): 201 - 214, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680443"title="XXXII. - Notes on the Choetognaths."url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680443"volume="18"year="1896">Conant 1896</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="3CF8C59BB997B505C5CB78DFE9CB035F"DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/f55-031"author="Lea, HE"journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Fisheries Board of Canada"pageId="0"pageNumber="165"pagination="593 - 617"refId="B41"refString="Lea, HE, 1955. The chaetognaths of western Canadian coastal waters. Journal of the Fisheries Board of Canada 12 (4): 593 - 617, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/f55-031"title="The chaetognaths of western Canadian coastal waters."url="https://doi.org/10.1139/f55-031"volume="12"year="1955">Lea 1955</bibRefCitation>
Total body length ranged between 32.5 and 37.0 mm. Tail 14.7-20.6% of body. Hooks 11-12. Anterior teeth 9-10 and posterior teeth 22-29, respectively. Rigid and opaque body (Fig.
<figureCitationid="3B3B9B857CCCF8DCD57BE4FEA167E096"captionStart="Figure 17"captionStartId="F17"captionText="Figure 17. A Parasagitta elegans (dorsal view) B head C tail D anterior fin E posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; E = eye; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure17"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704201"pageId="0"pageNumber="165">17</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="444003A4F8118D9C71AD8F73E9C6EEE2"captionStart="Figure 17"captionStartId="F17"captionText="Figure 17. A Parasagitta elegans (dorsal view) B head C tail D anterior fin E posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; E = eye; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure17"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704201"pageId="0"pageNumber="165">17A</figureCitation>
). Intestinal diverticula present, but not obvious. Anterior fins 18.8% of body length. Anterior fins beginning at middle of ventral ganglion and partially rayed. Starting points of anterior fins 38.5% and ending points of anterior fins 57.5% of body length, respectively (Fig.
<figureCitationid="AC2D3F041C6D4F9E3134FCF9C7BD7128"captionStart="Figure 17"captionStartId="F17"captionText="Figure 17. A Parasagitta elegans (dorsal view) B head C tail D anterior fin E posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; E = eye; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure17"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704201"pageId="0"pageNumber="165">17D</figureCitation>
). Posterior fins 22.3% of body length and 1.2 times longer than anterior fins. Starting points of posterior fins 67.7% and ending points of posterior fins 88.7% of body length, respectively. Posterior fins well-separated from anterior fins (Fig.
<figureCitationid="441178D604E9B75078280B14409DB664"captionStart="Figure 17"captionStartId="F17"captionText="Figure 17. A Parasagitta elegans (dorsal view) B head C tail D anterior fin E posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; E = eye; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure17"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704201"pageId="0"pageNumber="165">17E</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="EFACA6B1BC34C1A97B381DD6C18607C7"captionStart="Figure 17"captionStartId="F17"captionText="Figure 17. A Parasagitta elegans (dorsal view) B head C tail D anterior fin E posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; E = eye; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure17"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704201"pageId="0"pageNumber="165">17C</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="9C20C5FF070E3E7786F311F5D644D06B"captionStart="Figure 17"captionStartId="F17"captionText="Figure 17. A Parasagitta elegans (dorsal view) B head C tail D anterior fin E posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; E = eye; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure17"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704201"pageId="0"pageNumber="165">17C</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="05E9BFDF0E453DA9E7D4EF4FB7ACC82B"captionStart="Figure 17"captionStartId="F17"captionText="Figure 17. A Parasagitta elegans (dorsal view) B head C tail D anterior fin E posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; E = eye; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure17"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704201"pageId="0"pageNumber="165">17B</figureCitation>
<figureCitationid="E836B938CDB152265C56921B4AFA49EC"captionStart="Figure 17"captionStartId="F17"captionText="Figure 17. A Parasagitta elegans (dorsal view) B head C tail D anterior fin E posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; E = eye; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure17"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704201"pageId="0"pageNumber="165">17B</figureCitation>
This species is found in the Epipelagic (0-200 m depth), mesopelagic (200-500 m depth) and bathypelagic zones (1000-2000 m depth) of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans (
<bibRefCitationid="3D843742CB3FCC912C7EE5763C8278B8"author="Terazaki, M"journalOrPublisher="Plankton Biology and Ecology"pageId="0"pageNumber="165"pagination="1 - 17"refId="B83"refString="Terazaki, M, 1998. Life history, distribution, seasonal variability and feeding of the pelagic chaetognath Sagitta elegans in the Subarctic Pacific: A review. Plankton Biology and Ecology 45 (1): 1 - 17"title="Life history, distribution, seasonal variability and feeding of the pelagic chaetognath Sagitta elegans in the Subarctic Pacific: A review."volume="45"year="1998">Terazaki 1998</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="B1AECB6D733965671749EC924FFE725C"DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270000413"author="Choe, N"journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology"pageId="0"pageNumber="165"pagination="847 - 856"refId="B16"refString="Choe, N, Deibel, D, 2000. Seasonal vertical distribution and population dynamics of the chaetognath Parasagitta elegans in the water column and hyperbenthic zone of Conception Bay, Newfoundland. Marine Biology 137 (5): 847 - 856, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270000413"title="Seasonal vertical distribution and population dynamics of the chaetognath Parasagitta elegans in the water column and hyperbenthic zone of Conception Bay, Newfoundland."url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270000413"volume="137"year="2000">Choe and Deibel 2000</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="5E0A8E872E0395856ECE6942ED61D758"author="Park, JS"journalOrPublisher="The Korean Society of Oceanography"pageId="0"pageNumber="165"refId="B61"refString="Park, JS, 1970. The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea."title="The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea."year="1970">Park 1970</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="2A3EA860F19D5D243BFC9E2A9E7B5CEF"DOI="https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1959.4.1.0001"author="Bieri, R"journalOrPublisher="Limnology and Oceanography"pageId="0"pageNumber="165"pagination="1 - 28"refId="B6"refString="Bieri, R, 1959. The Distribution of the Planktonic Chaetognatha in the Pacific and their Relationship to the Water Masses 1. Limnology and Oceanography 4 (1): 1 - 28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1959.4.1.0001"title="The Distribution of the Planktonic Chaetognatha in the Pacific and their Relationship to the Water Masses 1."url="https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1959.4.1.0001"volume="4"year="1959">Bieri 1959</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="7DB84599F8D2C8F826A85C3E8F3F02E5"author="Park, JS"journalOrPublisher="The Korean Society of Oceanography"pageId="0"pageNumber="165"refId="B61"refString="Park, JS, 1970. The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea."title="The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea."year="1970">Park 1970</bibRefCitation>
The absence of a rayless zone in the anterior and posterior fins and a collarette in anterior body and the presence of small seminal vesicles extending along the body in the Korean specimens of
<bibRefCitationid="68D6A31A3A0F0EA7B5E573949D298086"author="Chihara, M"journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Sciences"pageId="0"pageNumber="165"refId="B15"refString="Chihara, M, Murano, M, 1997. An Illustrated Guide to Marine Plankton in Japan. Tokai University Press, 1571 pp."title="An Illustrated Guide to Marine Plankton in Japan. Tokai University Press, 1571 pp."year="1997">Chihara and Murano 1997</bibRefCitation>
). Adult specimens (> 40 mm) collected in this study had small intestinal diverticula. CBE staining showed a spot pattern dividing the centre from the head to the tail septum. We observed one specimen for CBE staining pattern: dorsomedian line small, 60 dots; dorsolateral line not observed due to damage; lateral line, 42 dots; receptors on the lateral fin not found; anterolateral receptors on the caudal fin, 2 dots; posterior receptors on the caudal fin not found.
