treatments-xml/data/03/FD/59/03FD5911FFE8FFE03D3EAD5F48FF2EB5.xml

<document id="E79E012C1F55076C5B0F5E128517CE82" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.172810" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5fe945bf-428d-44ae-a62b-a3deeb071e9d" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="172810" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459762864366" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zug, George R. &amp; Allison, Allen" docDate="2006" docId="03FD5911FFE8FFE03D3EAD5F48FF2EB5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01237p044.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1237" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Carlia caesius Zug &amp; Allison, 2006, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FFC42169FFE9FFE73C36AB614A062F63" masterDocTitle="New Carlia fusca complex lizards (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae) from New Guinea, Papua­Indonesia" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698215716134" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="98688803782BB4BD0CB1C0943EBDB28C">New Carlia fusca complex lizards (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae) from New Guinea, Papua­Indonesia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="67DC094C1C1254B5129ADB8EC7ED183F">Zug, George R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BB6723FC4C07014BFE5638FA7AFB203F">Allison, Allen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="D687E6665A2A85C1379F02107E195380">2006</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C34EBB8CFFE8FFE63D3EAD5F4B662918" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFE8FFE63D3EAD5F4BF8293B" blockId="1.[264,510,1598,1659]" box="[264,510,1598,1624]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="D0A35F6BFFE8FFE63D3EAD5F4BF8293B" bold="true" box="[264,510,1598,1624]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFE8FFE63D3EAD5F4BF8293B" bold="true" box="[264,510,1598,1624]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFE8FFE63D3EAD5F4BB2293B" box="[264,436,1598,1624]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFE8FFE63D3EAD5F4BB2293B" bold="true" box="[264,436,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Carlia caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213896EFFE8FFE63D8DAD5F4BF8293B" box="[443,510,1598,1624]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFE8FFE63D3EAD004B662918" blockId="1.[264,510,1598,1659]" box="[264,352,1633,1659]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
(
<figureCitation id="136FF482FFE8FFE63D27AD004B522918" box="[273,340,1633,1659]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="2.[264,367,1400,1424]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,689,1374]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,689,1374]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A paratype of Carlia caesius n. sp., dorsolateral aspect, male in life, BPBM 21157." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172811/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EBB8CFFE8FFE53D3EADD048952D15" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFE8FFE63D3EADD04BAF29A9" blockId="1.[264,1322,1713,1899]" box="[264,425,1713,1738]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFE8FFE63D3EADD04BAF29A9" box="[264,425,1713,1738]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus id="54EF56A5FFE8FFE63D3EADD04B3929A9" box="[264,319,1713,1738]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFE8FFE53D0EADB848952D15" blockId="1.[264,1322,1713,1899]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1325,284,630]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus id="54EF56A5FFE8FFE63D0EADB84BAF2990" box="[312,425,1753,1779]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED4570C2FFE8FFE63D8CADB84BFC2990" box="[442,506,1753,1779]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">MZB</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED4570C2FFE8FFE63E3EADB848332990" box="[520,565,1753,1779]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">AA</collectionCode>
15323, adult male from 
<collectingCountry id="F343A897FFE8FFE63F5CADB849D92990" box="[874,991,1753,1779]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F343A897FFE8FFE63FC7ADB84E3F2990" box="[1009,1081,1753,1779]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">Papua</collectingCountry>
Province [Freeport Project Area], Timika [
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFE8FFE63E22AC6048822878" box="[532,644,1793,1819]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="-4.5417">4.5417°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFE8FFE63EBDAC60491A2878" box="[651,796,1793,1819]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="136.8908">136.8908°E</geoCoordinate>
], collected by Allen Allison, 
<date id="FFEACEC7FFE8FFE63846AC604F202878" box="[1136,1318,1793,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" value="1997-03-15">15 March 1997</date>
. 
<typeStatus id="54EF56A5FFE8FFE63D0EAC484BA82820" box="[312,430,1833,1859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED4570C2FFE8FFE63DF1AC48481F2820" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[455,537,1833,1859]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="28">BPBM</collectionCode>
21157 (photographed), 21210, 21217–21221, 21223–21226, 21229–21231, 21233–21234, 21236–21242, 21244, 21249, 21256, 21258, 21260, 21262–63, 21267 (photographed), same locality as 
<typeStatus id="54EF56A5FFEBFFE53FBCAA7D49F72E55" box="[906,1009,284,310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
but collected from 
<date id="FFEACEC7FFEBFFE538C6AA7D4B9A2E3D" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="1997-03-09" valueMax="1997-03-19" valueMin="1997-03-09">9–19 March 1997</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED4570C2FFEBFFE53D9CAA254BFA2E3D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[426,508,324,350]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">BPBM</collectionCode>
21159, 21161, 21163, 21166–67, 21169, 21176, 21179–21182, Mile 38 camp, ca. 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53D91AA0D4BF52EE5" box="[423,499,364,390]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
(by air) NNE Timika Airport [
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE53F55AA0D49D22EE5" box="[867,980,364,390]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="-4.3944">4.3944°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE53FEAAA0D4E682EE5" box="[988,1134,364,390]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="136.9325">136.9325°E</geoCoordinate>
]; 
<collectionCode id="ED4570C2FFEBFFE538B4AA0D4ED22EE5" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1154,1236,364,390]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">BPBM</collectionCode>
21206, site 3, ca. 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53D4AAAF54BB92ECD" box="[380,447,404,430]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2530816" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mi" value="14.0">14 mi</quantity>
(by air) S Timika Airport [
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE53ECEAAF5496E2ECD" box="[760,872,404,430]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="-4.6619">4.6619°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE53F59AAF549F42ECD" box="[879,1010,404,430]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="55" value="136.897">136.897°E</geoCoordinate>
]; 
<collectionCode id="ED4570C2FFEBFFE53832AAF54E502ECD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[1028,1110,404,430]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">BPBM</collectionCode>
21187, site 4, east levee of Minajerwi River, ca. 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53E5AAADD48C82EB5" box="[620,718,444,470]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="18.5">18.5 km</quantity>
(by air) SSE Timika Airport [
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE53803AADD4E902EB5" box="[1077,1174,444,470]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="55" value="-4.683">4.683°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE538A8AADD4F242EB5" box="[1182,1314,444,470]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="55" value="136.981">136.981°E</geoCoordinate>
]. 
<collectionCode id="ED4570C2FFEBFFE53D3EAA854B582E9D" box="[264,350,484,510]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">IRSNB</collectionCode>
<date id="FFEACEC7FFEBFFE53D5AAA854BF22E9D" box="[364,500,484,510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="2591" valueMax="2609">2591–2609</date>
, Agats [
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE53E57AA8548C52E9D" box="[609,707,484,510]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-5.55">5° 33’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE53EE7AA8549492E9D" box="[721,847,484,510]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="138.13333">138° 08’E</geoCoordinate>
]. 
<collectionCode id="ED4570C2FFEBFFE53F4BAA8549D32E9D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" box="[893,981,484,510]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">RMNH</collectionCode>
30381, 30568–569, 30571, 30579, 30581, Gariau, aan het Jamoer meer [
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE53F1AA96D498F2D45" box="[812,905,524,550]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-3.7">3° 42’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE53FA5A96D4E1B2D45" box="[915,1053,524,550]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="134.93333">134° 56’ E</geoCoordinate>
]. 
<collectionCode id="ED4570C2FFEBFFE53805A96D4E8E2D45" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1075,1160,524,550]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">USNM</collectionCode>
562964–966, same data as 
<typeStatus id="54EF56A5FFEBFFE53D9CA95548172D2D" box="[426,529,564,590]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
except collected on 
<date id="FFEACEC7FFEBFFE53F3CA95549C22D2D" box="[778,964,564,590]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="1997-03-18">18 March 1997</date>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED4570C2FFEBFFE53FE7A9554E172D2D" box="[977,1041,564,590]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">ZMB</collectionCode>
58578, Unipo [
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE538E6A9554F2A2D2D" box="[1232,1324,564,590]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-3.4833333">3° 29’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEBFFE53D3EA93D4B822D15" box="[264,388,604,630]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="135.73334">135° 44’E</geoCoordinate>
], ca. 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53DF7A93D480C2D15" box="[449,522,604,630]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
SE Nabire.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2BB88FFFEBFFE53D3EAE194F012AF3" box="[264,1287,1400,1424]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172811/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" targetBox="[264,1323,689,1374]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEBFFE53D3EAE194F012AF3" blockId="2.[264,1287,1400,1424]" box="[264,1287,1400,1424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53D3EAE194B852AF3" bold="true" box="[264,387,1400,1424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. A paratype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53E1CAE1848C02AF3" box="[554,710,1401,1424]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53E1CAE1848C02AF3" box="[554,710,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Carlia caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213896EFFEBFFE53EFAAE1849012AF3" box="[716,775,1401,1424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, dorsolateral aspect, male in life, BPBM 21157.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34EBB8CFFEBFFE53D3EAEA549C729AE" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEBFFE53D3EAEA54B792ABE" blockId="2.[264,1323,1476,1741]" box="[264,383,1476,1501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53D3EAEA54B792ABE" box="[264,383,1476,1501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEBFFE53D0EAE8D49C729AE" blockId="2.[264,1323,1476,1741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53D0EAE8D4BE72966" box="[312,481,1516,1541]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53D0EAE8D4BE72966" box="[312,481,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Carlia caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a member of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53EFEAE8D492E2966" box="[712,808,1516,1541]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fusca">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53EFEAE8D492E2966" box="[712,808,1516,1541]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. fusca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex and differs from all other complex members by the bright blue coloration of head and neck of adult males. Additionally, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53926AD754B582936" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53926AD754B582936" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
averages (adult females mean 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53EE2AD5A492A2936" box="[724,812,1595,1621]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
, adult males 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53FFAAD5A4E262936" box="[972,1056,1595,1621]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="52.0">52 mm</quantity>
SVL) smaller than 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53926AD5D4B87291E" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ailanpalai">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53926AD5D4B87291E" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. ailanpalai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53DB9AD054897291E" box="[399,657,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53DB9AD054813291E" box="[399,533,1636,1661]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beccarii">C. beccarii</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53E16AD054897291E" box="[544,657,1636,1661]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eothen">C. eothen</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53EE7AD0549C2291E" box="[721,964,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53EE7AD05495C291E" box="[721,858,1636,1661]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luctuosa">C. luctuosa</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53F50AD0549C2291E" box="[870,964,1636,1661]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulla">C. pulla</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and larger than 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE538BCAD054F07291E" box="[1162,1281,1636,1661]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aramia">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE538BCAD054F07291E" box="[1162,1281,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. aramia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53926AD054B8129C6" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="babarensis">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53926AD054B8129C6" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. babarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53DA1ADED484229C6" box="[407,580,1676,1701]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucotaenia">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53DA1ADED484229C6" box="[407,580,1676,1701]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. leucotaenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53EB0ADED48EA29C6" box="[646,748,1676,1701]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tutela">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53EB0ADED48EA29C6" box="[646,748,1676,1701]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. tutela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53ECAADED497329C6" box="[764,885,1676,1701]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53ECAADED497329C6" box="[764,885,1676,1701]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has fewer average Dorsals (46) than the similar sized 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53DF9ADD5482929AE" box="[463,559,1716,1741]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fusca">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53DF9ADD5482929AE" box="[463,559,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. fusca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53E08ADD548EF29AE" box="[574,745,1716,1741]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucotaenia">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53E08ADD548EF29AE" box="[574,745,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. leucotaenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEBFFE53F1FADD5498429AE" box="[809,898,1716,1741]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mysi">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53F1FADD5498429AE" box="[809,898,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">C. mysi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(48).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EBB8CFFEBFFE43D3EAC654EB22867" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEBFFE53D3EAC65481B287E" blockId="2.[264,1325,1796,1901]" box="[264,541,1796,1821]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEBFFE53D3EAC65481B287E" box="[264,541,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
Description of 
<typeStatus id="54EF56A5FFEBFFE53D8EAC65481B287E" box="[440,541,1796,1821]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEBFFE43D0EAC4A4BA52C7A" blockId="2.[264,1325,1796,1901]" lastBlockId="3.[264,1325,284,1796]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
An adult male, 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53DD8AC4A485E2826" box="[494,600,1835,1861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1899999999999995" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="61.9">61.9 mm</quantity>
SVL, 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53E90AC4A49162826" box="[678,784,1835,1861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.55" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="85.5">85.5 mm</quantity>
tail length (
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53FA9AC4A49F52826" box="[927,1011,1835,1861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
tip regenerated), 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE538F2AC4A4F2B2826" box="[1220,1325,1835,1861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.69" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="26.9">26.9 mm</quantity>
TrunkL, 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53D59AC324BDE280E" box="[367,472,1875,1901]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.11" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="31.1">31.1 mm</quantity>
HindlL, 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53E72AC3248AB280E" box="[580,685,1875,1901]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="14.8">14.8 mm</quantity>
HeadL, 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53F25AC32496B280E" box="[787,877,1875,1901]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
PalpbD, and 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEBFFE53838AC324E6F280E" box="[1038,1129,1875,1901]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
EarD. Scalation right side for bilateral traits: interparietal separate, prefrontals not touching, 4 Supoc, 8 Supcil, 9 Eyeld, 4 Temp, 2 Lor, 7 Suplab, 5th BlwEye, 6 Inflab, round ear­opening, 1 AuricN on anterior border, 44 tricarinate Dorsal (anteriormost bilateral pair enlarged as nuchals), 32 Midbody, 22 smooth 3FingL (slight clefting of few subterminal lamellae), 25 4ToeL, and precloacal scale slightly enlarged. Coloration in life: strikingly two­toned lizard; dorsally and laterally head and neck turquoise ground color muted by black edging on all scales, irregular edged black lateral band from cheek to anterior axilla, dorsolaterally a narrow white stripe from eye to axilla, ventrally turquoise ground color shifts to light blue with persistence of black scale­edging although narrower; at axilla and forelimbs abrupt shift to bright reddish orange ground color, muted dorsally by black edging on scales, edging nearly disappears laterally, dorsally light spots greenish yellow; limbs above and below uniform reddish orange; ventrally chest onto to tail beige with orangish tint.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEAFFE43D0EA8464BDD2BB2" blockId="3.[264,1325,284,1796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Coloration in preservative: Dorsally head dark brown, speckled with black and turquoise; neck similar but black restricted to scale margins; rest of dorsum golden brown with black speckling and a few scattered light brown spots; upper parts of tail similar but without light brown spots and with less black than rest of dorsum; dorsolaterally, bluish, discontinuous line from eye to shoulder, face and neck mostly black and speckled with turquoise, especially towards venter and distinct series of black lines extend posteroventrally from lower labials to directly below ear; rest of flanks and anterolateral surface of tail light brown; chin and throat light black suffused with blue, with darker black blotches on chin, and series of longitudinal black lines along throat and neck; rest of venter whitish suffused with yellowish tinge and indistinct blue­black streaks on proximal margins of scales.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEAFFE43D0EAFBE483A29BF" blockId="3.[264,1325,284,1796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
Description. A moderate­sized 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEAFFE43E99AFBE48FA2B9B" box="[687,764,1247,1272]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEAFFE43E99AFBE48FA2B9B" box="[687,764,1247,1272]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Carlia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ranging in adult size from 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEAFFE4387AAFBE4EEC2B9A" box="[1100,1258,1247,1273]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="45.0">45 to 65 mm</quantity>
SVL (females 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEAFFE43D4AAE6648352A42" box="[380,563,1287,1313]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.015" metricValueMax="5.52" metricValueMin="4.51" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="50.15" valueMax="55.2" valueMin="45.1">45.1–55.2 mm</quantity>
; males 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEAFFE43EADAE6649562A42" box="[667,848,1287,1313]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.51" metricValueMax="6.45" metricValueMin="4.57" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="55.1" valueMax="64.5" valueMin="45.7">45.7–64.5 mm</quantity>
) with HeadL 9.9–13.0 mm (females) 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEAFFE43D3EAE4E4BB22A2A" box="[264,436,1327,1353]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.335" metricValueMax="1.59" metricValueMin="1.08" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="13.35" valueMax="15.9" valueMin="10.8">10.8–15.9 mm</quantity>
(males), PalpbD 1.0– 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEAFFE43E8EAE4E49142A2A" box="[696,786,1327,1353]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
(females) 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEAFFE43FA7AE4E4E192A2A" box="[913,1055,1327,1353]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2.2 mm</quantity>
(males), EarD 1.0–2.0 mm (females) 1.2–2.0 mm (males), TrunkL 18.8–27.0 mm (females) 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEAFFE4384DAE364F2B2A12" box="[1147,1325,1367,1393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.1399999999999997" metricValueMin="1.86" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="31.4" valueMin="18.6">18.6–31.4 mm</quantity>
(males), and HndlL 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEAFFE43DC9AE1E48A82AFA" box="[511,686,1407,1433]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.455" metricValueMax="2.95" metricValueMin="1.96" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="24.55" valueMax="29.5" valueMin="19.6">19.6–29.5 mm</quantity>
(females) 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEAFFE43F04AE1E49E72AFA" box="[818,993,1407,1433]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.745" metricValueMax="3.27" metricValueMin="2.2199999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="27.45" valueMax="32.7" valueMin="22.2">22.2–32.7 mm</quantity>
(males). Some populations sexually dimorphic in one or more of the following traits: SVL, HeadL, PalpbD, EarD, TrunkL, HndlL, and Dorsal. Head and nuchal scales smooth; interparietal rarely absent; 4 (rarely 5 or 6) Supoc, 7–10 Supcil, 6–12 Eyeld, 7 (rarely 6) Suplab, 5th (rarely 4th) BlwEye, and 6 (uncommonly 5, 7, or 8) Inflab on each side. Ear opening oblong vertical to oblique with 1–5 (commonly 3) AuricN, usually pointed, on anterior and dorsal margin. Trunk scales smooth to weakly tricarinate dorsally and laterally, occasionally strongly tricarinate in males, rarely in females, with 42–50 Dorsal, 31–36 Midbody. Subdigital lamellae smooth, mostly 32 4ToeL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEAFFE43D0EAD8B4EB22867" blockId="3.[264,1325,284,1796]" box="[312,1204,1770,1796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Coloration is summarized in the subsequent Intraspecific Variations section.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EBB8CFFEAFFE33D3EAC5B49C32E3D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEAFFE33D3EAC5B49C32E3D" blockId="3.[264,407,1850,1875]" lastBlockId="4.[264,1322,284,350]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEAFFE43D3EAC5B4B912830" box="[264,407,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Distribution</emphasis>
Southern New 
<collectingCountry id="F343A897FFEDFFE33DC1AA7D484A2E55" box="[503,588,284,310]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Guinea</collectingCountry>
lowlands and mid­elevation mountainside from Etna Bay eastward to and including the Eilanden River basin (
<figureCitation id="136FF482FFEDFFE33F58AA2549B02E3D" box="[878,950,324,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[264,368,967,991]" captionTargetBox="[434,1144,621,921]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[415,1171,601,943]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Distribution of sample localities [left] and Carlia fusca complex species [right] in Papua­Indonesia. Sample localities: 1, Ayamaru; 2, Manokwari; 3, Fak­Fak; 4, Tanah Merak; 5, Saengga; 6, Mandiwa; 7, Yeretina; 8, Gariau; 9, Unipo; 10, Uta; 11, Freeport; 12, Lorentz River; 13, Agats; 14, Bayum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172815/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EBB8CFFEDFFE13D3EAAF54BBD2CD8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEDFFE33D3EAAF54B832ECE" blockId="4.[264,1323,404,510]" box="[264,389,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE33D3EAAF54B832ECE" box="[264,389,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEDFFE33D0EAADD4EC92E9D" blockId="4.[264,1323,404,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
The specific name derives from the Latin 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEDFFE33F67AADD49A12EB6" box="[849,935,444,469]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE33F67AADD49A12EB6" box="[849,935,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for bluish­gray or sea blue in reference to the color of the throat and chin. It is proposed as a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEDFFE33D3EA95548082D2E" blockId="4.[264,1324,564,1870]" box="[264,526,564,589]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE33D3EA95548082D2E" box="[264,526,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Intraspecific variation</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEDFFE33D0EA93D49B22A0D" blockId="4.[264,1324,564,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
Samples are available from 6 areas (Bayum to Gariau) extending from 135° E to 
<geoCoordinate id="EE608EC0FFEDFFE338C5A93D4B4D2DFD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" precision="925" value="138.5">138° 30’ E</geoCoordinate>
. This sampling spans more than 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEDFFE33EF1A9E549262DFD" box="[711,800,644,670]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" unit="km" value="400.0">400 km</quantity>
of diverse lowland and low to mid­elevation montane habitats. Three samples (Agats, Freeport, Gariau) have 8 or more adult females and males each, and these samples show sexual dimorphism (Students’ 
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE3386EA9B54E662D8E" box="[1112,1120,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">t</emphasis>
tests, 
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE3389AA9B54EC82D8E" box="[1196,1230,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">p=</emphasis>
0.05) in many mensural traits occasionally in scalation ones (
<tableCitation id="C6D6DDBCFFEDFFE33F92A99D4E052C75" box="[932,1027,764,790]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="11.[264,352,283,307]" captionTargetBox="[264,1300,409,1182]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 1. Summary of variation in select characters in the larger samples of the Carlia “ fusca ” group from southern and western Papua­Indonesia. Median ± 1 standard deviation, range, and * sexually dimorphic; sample size in brackets; species assignment in parentheses." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2BB88FFFE2FFEC3D3EAA7A4E5F2E1B" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" tableUuid="DF2BB88FFFE2FFEC3D3EAA7A4E5F2E1B">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The Agats sample is dimorphic in all the mensural traits (
<tableCitation id="C6D6DDBCFFEDFFE33E88A84549112C5D" box="[702,791,804,830]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="11.[264,352,283,307]" captionTargetBox="[264,1300,409,1182]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 1. Summary of variation in select characters in the larger samples of the Carlia “ fusca ” group from southern and western Papua­Indonesia. Median ± 1 standard deviation, range, and * sexually dimorphic; sample size in brackets; species assignment in parentheses." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2BB88FFFE2FFEC3D3EAA7A4E5F2E1B" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" tableUuid="DF2BB88FFFE2FFEC3D3EAA7A4E5F2E1B">Table 1</tableCitation>
) but in no scalation ones. The Freeport and Gariau samples show dimorphism in some mensural traits and scalation (Dorsal for both, Midbody in only Gariau). In all dimorphic mensural features, males are the larger sex. There is always a question of whether sexual dimorphism actually exists when differences between the means are small. Perhaps, the dimorphism is a statistical artifact resulting from small and/or unequal representation in the samples, or the vagaries of field collecting. The Freeport sample highlights this uncertainty. It contains a few adults (10%) that have strikingly well­developed keels on their tricarinate scales (dorsally and laterally on trunk) in contrast to the weakly tricarinate keeling or absence of keels on most of the Freeport 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEDFFE33D40AFED4BF42BC6" box="[374,498,1164,1189]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE33D40AFED4BF42BC6" box="[374,498,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">C. caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEDFFE33E4EAFED490B2BC6" box="[632,781,1164,1189]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fusca">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE33E4EAFED490B2BC6" box="[632,781,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Carlia fusca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex populations. These strongly keeled individuals are predominantly males (approx. 80%) and importantly the largest individuals of the entire Freeport sample. If they are included in the Students’ 
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE3382BAFBD4E232B96" box="[1053,1061,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">t</emphasis>
analysis, the Freeport sample (
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE33D58AE654B7B2A7E" box="[366,381,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">n</emphasis>
= 49) is statistically sexually dimorphic in SVL, but if they are excluded (
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE33935AE654F142A7E" box="[1283,1298,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">n</emphasis>
= 44), females and males are subequal SVL. The strongly tricarinate individuals are not more or less brightly colored than the weakly keeled ones.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEDFFE33D0EAE1D4ECD296D" blockId="4.[264,1324,564,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
As is common in other 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEDFFE33E79AE1D488A2AF6" box="[591,652,1404,1429]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fusca">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE33E79AE1D488A2AF6" box="[591,652,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">fusca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEDFFE33F5EAE1D4E152AF6" box="[872,1043,1404,1429]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE33F5EAE1D4E152AF6" box="[872,1043,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Carlia caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displays low intra­ and inter­locality variation in mensural and scalation traits. The range, minimum, and maximum values are very similar, often identical, between localities. Overall, variation within the Freeport area sample encompasses that of the other 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEDFFE33FD2AE954E5B296E" box="[996,1117,1524,1549]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEDFFE33FD2AE954E5B296E" box="[996,1117,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">C. caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
samples.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEDFFE33D0EAD7D481C29B5" blockId="4.[264,1324,564,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
In life, adult males presumed to be in breeding coloration closely resemble the 
<typeStatus id="54EF56A5FFEDFFE33D3EAD254B74293D" box="[264,370,1604,1630]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Different individuals vary primarily in the amount of black on the dorsum. In some, black is restricted principally to the head and neck region. In others, it extends nearly to the rump. There is also some variation in the intensity and extent of turquoise in the head and neck area.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEDFFE23D0EAD854E672EB5" blockId="4.[264,1324,564,1870]" lastBlockId="5.[264,1323,284,790]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Some of the adult males in our sample lack the two­tone color pattern. In these individuals, the dorsum is light­brown, the head and neck are mostly immaculate, and the rest of the dorsum, including the tail, is speckled with black. There is generally a faint yellowish­white dorsolateral stripe from the loreal region to rump; this stripe is brightest above forelimbs where stripe is discontinuous and thinly edged in black. The flanks are light­brown with a slight rust tinge, immaculate, and become lighter towards venter. The chin and throat are whitish with diffuse patches of blue­black and remainder of venter immaculate yellowish­white. Adult females have very similar coloration.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFECFFE23D0EAA8549DF2C75" blockId="5.[264,1323,284,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">In juveniles, the head and neck are bronze­brown and immaculate. Trunk dorsum gradually darkens from bronze brown on the neck to dark brown on the rump and is speckled with white. A thin whitish dorsolateral stripe extends from the eye onto neck then breaks into a series of small whitish blotches, which coalesce at the rump into a continuous row of blotches extending along the tail. A thin indistinct tan stripe lies one scale row medial to the dorsolateral stripe and extends from the parietal area to the rump. The flanks are dark brown to black with numerous scattered yellowish­white spots. The venter, including the chin and throat, are immaculate white to cream.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2BB88FFFECFFE23D3EAFC74BC12B83" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172812/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[265,1323,852,1163]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFECFFE23D3EAFC74BC12B83" blockId="5.[264,1323,1190,1248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFECFFE23D3EAFC74B8A2BDD" bold="true" box="[264,396,1190,1214]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Juveniles of 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFECFFE23E17AFC748BB2BDE" box="[545,701,1190,1213]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFECFFE23E17AFC748BB2BDE" box="[545,701,1190,1213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Carlia caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BPBM 21195 [left], BPBM 21203 [right]), dorsolateral aspect, preserved.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFECFFE23D0EAE7248F6286E" blockId="5.[264,1325,1299,1885]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
In preservative, the color of all life stages are muted and the overall appearance is the typical adult “fuscum” of various shades of brown dorsally and laterally, but with various degrees of darkening of the venter from chin to the chest in adults. The juvenile pattern is a brown dorsum with dark scale edges, and these edges occasionally align, forming very narrow dark brown stripes (
<figureCitation id="136FF482FFECFFE23E6CAED248A32AAE" box="[602,677,1459,1485]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[264,368,1190,1214]" captionTargetBox="[265,1323,852,1163]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[264,1323,849,1163]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Juveniles of Carlia caesius (BPBM 21195 [left], BPBM 21203 [right]), dorsolateral aspect, preserved." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172812/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). A broad dark brown (black) band extends from the temporal area to inguen; it is bordered above by a dorsolateral white stripe from above eye to anterior trunk, thereafter fading and/or breaking into a series of spots or lines. The lateral band is also bordered below by a white midlateral stripe that fades or breaks into spots at midbody. Ventrally, juveniles are immaculate white or cream from chin to base of tail. Adults retain the brown dorsum of juveniles and variously alter the lateral and ventral patterns, mainly with females (except the larger ones) retaining a subdued juvenile pattern and males losing any pattern on the trunk and appearing monochrome although dorsum darker and grading into the lighter venter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFECFFE13D0EAC7A49AA2D1A" blockId="5.[264,1325,1299,1885]" lastBlockId="6.[264,1324,284,876]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
In an attempt to quantify coloration to examine the shift from juvenile to adult pattern (preserved specimens), we recognized five color traits: 1) difference in contrast between trunk dorsally and ventrally; 2) level of lateral “white” spotting on side of neck and trunk; 3) length of mid­lateral “white” stripe; 4) chin and throat color; and 5) side of neck color. We also categorized individuals in this color sample as either strongly tricarinate or weakly keeled/smooth. This color sample consised of 
<specimenCount id="9D52238EFFEFFFE13FABAAF54E362ECD" box="[925,1072,404,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="juvenile">20 juveniles</specimenCount>
(&lt;
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEFFFE13862AAF54EB62ECD" box="[1108,1200,404,430]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
), 
<specimenCount id="9D52238EFFEFFFE138FEAAF54F2D2ECD" box="[1224,1323,404,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="adult">43 adult</specimenCount>
females, and 
<specimenCount id="9D52238EFFEFFFE13D98AADD48152EB5" box="[430,531,444,470]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="adult">23 adult</specimenCount>
males. There was no significant difference in the proportion of strongly tricarinate adult females and males (χ 2 = 0.01, df 1, 
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13FCDAA864E0C2D63" box="[1019,1034,487,512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">p</emphasis>
= 0.91), approximately 22–24% of the adults in each sex were strongly keeled. In contrast, strongly tricarinate individuals represent about 60% of the juveniles. Stronger keeling in juveniles versus adults occurs regularly in other 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13E4AA93E48DA2D1B" box="[636,732,607,632]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fusca">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13E4AA93E48DA2D1B" box="[636,732,607,632]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">C. fusca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEFFFE13D0EA9E649492C0F" blockId="6.[264,1324,284,876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
The color coding demonstrates the fading of coloration (pattern) from juvenile to adult. Only the lightly colored chest is persistent in the three groups (χ 2 = 4.2, df 2, 
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13934A9D34F172DA8" box="[1282,1297,690,715]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">p</emphasis>
= 0.38). With the exception of a greater proportion (95%) of adult males having darker chins and throats than juveniles (40%) or adult females (72%), juveniles are more brightly or contrastingly colored in preserved specimens. Adult males and females share the same proportion (color pattern) of the other color traits.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEFFFE13D3EA8C34BBD2CD8" blockId="6.[264,1323,930,1876]" box="[264,443,930,955]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13D3EA8C34BBD2CD8" box="[264,443,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Natural history</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EBB8CFFEFFFE03D0EA8AB48FF2EB5" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEFFFE13D0EA8AB48132BB7" blockId="6.[264,1323,930,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13D0EA8AB4BE02C80" box="[312,486,970,995]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13D0EA8AB4BE02C80" box="[312,486,970,995]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Carlia caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is heliothermic. In the Timika area, it is often observed basking in patches of sunlight on the floor of primary and secondary lowland alluvial rain forest. These forests have a semi­closed canopy that is 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEFFFE13F0BAF7B49A32B57" box="[829,933,1050,1076]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="32.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="30.0">30–35 m</quantity>
high and are dominated by large buttressed trees and lianas. The forest floor is relatively open with a thin layer of leaf litter or bare ground and a sparse growth of herbs and shrubs. Some of the dominant tree genera include 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13D43AFF348902BCF" box="[373,662,1170,1196]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Pometia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13D43AFF34BD12BC8" box="[373,471,1170,1195]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Pometia</emphasis>
(Sapindaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13E86AFF349912BCF" box="[688,919,1170,1196]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13E86AFF348F22BC8" box="[688,756,1170,1195]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Celtis</emphasis>
(Ulmaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13F87AFF34EE02BCF" box="[945,1254,1170,1196]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Tetramelaceae" genus="Octomeles" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13F87AFF34E2B2BC8" box="[945,1069,1170,1195]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Octomeles</emphasis>
(Datiscaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13D3EAFDB48172BB7" box="[264,529,1210,1236]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13D3EAFDB4B712BB0" box="[264,375,1210,1235]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Syzygium</emphasis>
(Myrtaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEFFFE13D0EAF834E292A8F" blockId="6.[264,1323,930,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
There are at least three other similarly sized, ground­dwelling, heliothermic species of skinks inhabiting these forests, including 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13F3AAE6B49AD2A40" box="[780,939,1290,1315]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Emoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenea">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13F3AAE6B49AD2A40" box="[780,939,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Emoia aenea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13F89AE6B4E2D2A40" box="[959,1067,1290,1315]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Emoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamur">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13F89AE6B4E2D2A40" box="[959,1067,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">E. jamur</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13846AE6B4F252A40" box="[1136,1315,1290,1315]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Emoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tropidolepis">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13846AE6B4F252A40" box="[1136,1315,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">E. tropidolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These species, together with 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13E55AE5349092A28" box="[611,783,1330,1355]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13E55AE5349092A28" box="[611,783,1330,1355]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Carlia caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
prefer relatively open parts of the forest that receive moderate to abundant sunlight. Another skink, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13FB9AE3B4E172A10" box="[911,1041,1370,1395]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lygisaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13FB9AE3B4E172A10" box="[911,1041,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Lygisaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13814AE3B4E682A10" box="[1058,1134,1370,1395]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13814AE3B4E682A10" box="[1058,1134,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Carlia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] 
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE138B6AE3B4F252A10" box="[1152,1315,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">novaeguineae</emphasis>
, a smaller species, also inhabits the forest floor but tends to prefer denser forest that the other species. 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13D8EAECB48B92AA0" box="[440,703,1450,1475]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Emoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caeruleocauda">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13D8EAECB48B92AA0" box="[440,703,1450,1475]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Emoia caeruleocauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also occurs in these forests but tends to be semiarboreal and forage in low vegetation such as shrubs and fallen trees.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEFFFE13D0EAE9B4BD829BF" blockId="6.[264,1323,930,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13D0EAE9B4BE32970" box="[312,485,1530,1555]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13D0EAE9B4BE32970" box="[312,485,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Carlia caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also occurs in disturbed habitats such as village margins and garden clearings where in the Timika area it co­occurs with at least five species of heliothermic skinks, including 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13DD1AD2B488F2900" box="[487,649,1610,1635]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Emoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenea">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13DD1AD2B488F2900" box="[487,649,1610,1635]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Emoia aenea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13EA9AD2B49142900" box="[671,786,1610,1635]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13EA9AD2B49082900" box="[671,782,1610,1635]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Emoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamur">E. jamur</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13F6CAD2B4E162900" box="[858,1040,1610,1635]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Emoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tropidolepis">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13F6CAD2B4E162900" box="[858,1040,1610,1635]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">E. tropidolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which occur in small numbers on the ground, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13E6FAD13492E29E8" box="[601,808,1650,1675]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Emoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caeruleocauda">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13E6FAD13492E29E8" box="[601,808,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">E. caeruleocauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13F54AD134E0129E8" box="[866,1031,1650,1675]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Emoia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13F54AD134E0129E8" box="[866,1031,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">E. longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which are semi­arboreal and arboreal, respectively, and common. 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13EDAADFB499029D0" box="[748,918,1690,1715]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Carlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caesius">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13EDAADFB499029D0" box="[748,918,1690,1715]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Carlia caesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is by far the most abundant lizard in disturbed areas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEFFFE13D0EAD8B4F2C2837" blockId="6.[264,1323,930,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
Common trees in these areas include 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13F25AD8B499A2860" box="[787,924,1770,1795]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13F25AD8B499A2860" box="[787,924,1770,1795]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13FD6AD8B4E932867" box="[992,1173,1770,1796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
), 
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13899AD8B4B9F2848" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Casaurina equisetifolia</emphasis>
(Casurinaceae), 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13E4EAC734E82284F" box="[632,1156,1810,1836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Campnosperma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montana">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13E4EAC7349AA2848" box="[632,940,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Campnosperma montana</emphasis>
(Anacardiaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE138AAAC734EF02848" box="[1180,1270,1810,1835]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE138AAAC734EF02848" box="[1180,1270,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Pisonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13D26AC5B4BC52837" box="[272,451,1850,1876]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Nyctaginaceae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13DEEAC5B484C2830" box="[472,586,1850,1875]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Linociera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13DEEAC5B484C2830" box="[472,586,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Linociera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13EB3AC5B48F02837" box="[645,758,1850,1876]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13F3DAC5B49892830" box="[779,911,1850,1875]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Artocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE13F3DAC5B49892830" box="[779,911,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Artocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE13FFCAC5B4E422837" box="[970,1092,1850,1876]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEFFFE138BDAC5B4F062830" box="[1163,1280,1850,1875]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9203415FFEFFFE138BDAC5B4F062830" box="[1163,1280,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Pandanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEEFFE03D3EAA7D4BBD2E55" blockId="7.[264,1324,284,470]" box="[264,443,284,310]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
(
<taxonomicName id="4C549384FFEEFFE03D26AA7D4BA92E55" box="[272,431,284,310]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pandanaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBE807FFEEFFE03D0EAA2548FF2EB5" blockId="7.[264,1324,284,470]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
The Timika area has a mean temperature of 25.9 ºC with little seasonality (monthly means range from 24.2 to 26.6 ºC). Rainfall is somewhat more seasonal, with a peak in July but no distinct dry season. Generally, monthly rainfall is at least 
<quantity id="4CAC45E2FFEEFFE03856AAF54EC32ECD" box="[1120,1221,404,430]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="200.0">200 mm</quantity>
with an average of about 20 rain days each month.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>