383 lines
43 KiB
XML
383 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3510690" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a342eb67-842d-41ab-a05d-3f010d0038ec" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3510690" checkinTime="1559660506625" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Carpenter, Kenneth" docDate="1982" docId="7E4B202BFF9E1B28FA7AFAA4D40FD2EF" docLanguage="en" docName="Carpenter1982BabyDinosaurs.pdf" docOrigin="Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 20" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Saurornithoides inequalis Carpenter 1982" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="82725853FF9A1B2EFFE3FFB6D717DB19" masterDocTitle="Baby dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Lance and Hell Creek formations and a description of a new species of theropod" masterLastPageNumber="134" masterPageNumber="123" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" updateTime="1635466469915" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Baby dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Lance and Hell Creek formations and a description of a new species of theropod</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Carpenter, Kenneth</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>1982</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>1982-01-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>20</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>123</mods:start>
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<mods:end>134</mods:end>
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||
</mods:extent>
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||
</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3238510</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">a342eb67-842d-41ab-a05d-3f010d0038ec</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3238510</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3510690" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3510690" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E4B202BFF9E1B28FA7AFAA4D40FD2EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E4B202BFF9E1B28FA7AFAA4D40FD2EF" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="127" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph blockId="4.[1334,2330,1237,3009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Sternberg, 1932)" authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Sternberg" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[1433,2212,1298,1336]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Saurornithoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inequalis" status="new combination">
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<emphasis box="[1433,1890,1298,1336]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Saurornithoides inequalis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Sternberg, C. M." box="[1919,2203,1298,1336]" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Field Naturalist" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" pagination="99 - 105" part="46" refId="ref11240" refString="Sternberg, C. M., 1932, Two new theropod dinosaurs from the Belly River Formation of Alberta: Canadian Field Naturalist, v. 46, p. 99 - 105." title="Two new theropod dinosaurs from the Belly River Formation of Alberta" type="book chapter" year="1932">Sternberg, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, new combination
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[1751,1911,1392,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="4.[1334,2330,1237,3009]" box="[1751,1911,1392,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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||
<figureCitation box="[1751,1911,1392,1429]" captionStart="Figures" captionStartId="5.[360,464,2753,2783]" captionTargetBox="[314,2381,278,2695]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-11. Fig. 1, Dromaeosauridae, tooth, UCM 39502. Fig. 2a-h, Sauromithoides inequalis: 20,, buccal view of hatchling left dentary, UCM 41666; c, lingual view; e, dorsal view; b, buccal view of left dentary, NMC 8540 (cast); d, lingual view; f, dorsal view; g, lateral view of hatchling basioccipital, UCM 43218; and h, ventral view. Fig. 3a-c, teeth of Pectinodon bakkeri: a, holotype, UCM 38445; b, paratype, UCM 38446; and c, paratype, UCMP 73098. Fig. 4, Pararıychodon lacustris, tooth, UCMP 124990. Fig. 5a, b, Tyrannosauridae: a as lateral view of UCMP 119853; and b, posterior view. Fig. 6, Theropoda, tooth, UCMP 124987. Fig. 7a, b, tooth of Aublysodon mirandus: a! lateral view of UCMP 124406; and b, posterior view. Fig. 8, Thescelosaurus sp., tooth, UCMP 124973. Fig. 9, Hadrosauridae, tooth, UCM 45060. Fig. 10, Ceratopsidae, tooth, UCM 45057. Fig. 11, Ankylosaurus magniventris, tooth, UCMP 124399. Heavy bars to left of specimens = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3238512/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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Fig. 2
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<emphasis box="[1856,1911,1392,1422]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">a-h</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="127" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[1334,2330,1237,3009]" box="[1335,2327,1452,1489]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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Synonomies:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1902" box="[1582,1932,1452,1483]" class="Reptilia" family="Ornithomimidae" genus="Ornithomimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altus">
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<emphasis box="[1582,1837,1453,1483]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Ornithomimus</emphasis>
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altus
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</taxonomicName>
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<treatmentCitation author="Lambe" box="[1945,2171,1452,1488]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BAEA64-B529-4069-7184-FC65FB49D659" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" year="1902">
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<bibRefCitation author="Lambe, L. M." box="[1945,2171,1452,1488]" journalOrPublisher="Geological Survey of Canada, Contributions to Canadian Paleontology" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" pagination="25 - 81" part="3" refId="ref9809" refString="Lambe, L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (Mid-Cretaceous): Geological Survey of Canada, Contributions to Canadian Paleontology, v. 3, p. 25 - 81" title="New genera and species from the Belly River Series (Mid-Cretaceous)" type="journal article" year="1902">Lambe, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(in part)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[1334,2330,1237,3009]" box="[1580,2322,1499,1536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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<taxonomicName authority="Gilmore 1932" authorityName="Gilmore" authorityYear="1932" box="[1580,2051,1499,1536]" class="Reptilia" family="Saurornithoididae" genus="Polyodontosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">
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Polyodontosaurus
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<emphasis box="[1920,2051,1499,1536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">grandis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Gilmore, C. W." box="[2067,2322,1499,1535]" journalOrPublisher="Royal Society of Canada, Transactions" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" pagination="117 - 119" part="26" refId="ref9236" refString="Gilmore, C. W., 1932, A new fossil lizard from the Belly River Formation of Canada: Royal Society of Canada, Transactions, v. 26, p. 117 - 119." title="A new fossil lizard from the Belly River Formation of Canada" type="journal article" year="1932">Gilmore, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[1334,2330,1237,3009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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<taxonomicName authority="Sternberg, 1932" authorityName="Sternberg" authorityYear="1932" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Stenonychosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inequalis">
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<emphasis box="[1581,2076,1544,1582]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Stenonychosaurus inequalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Sternberg, C. M." journalOrPublisher="Canadian Field Naturalist" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" pagination="99 - 105" part="46" refId="ref11240" refString="Sternberg, C. M., 1932, Two new theropod dinosaurs from the Belly River Formation of Alberta: Canadian Field Naturalist, v. 46, p. 99 - 105." title="Two new theropod dinosaurs from the Belly River Formation of Alberta" type="book chapter" year="1932">Sternberg, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[1334,2330,1237,3009]" box="[1584,2168,1634,1671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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<taxonomicName authority="Russell, 1948" authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1948" box="[1584,2168,1634,1671]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Troodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosus">
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<emphasis box="[1584,1920,1635,1671]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Troodon formosus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Russell, L. S." box="[1936,2168,1634,1671]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" pagination="625 - 629" part="22" refId="ref10818" refString="Russell, L. S., 1948, The dentary of Troodon, a genus of theropod dinosaurs: Journal of Paleontology, v. 22, p. 625 - 629." title="The dentary of Troodon, a genus of theropod dinosaurs" type="journal article" year="1948">Russell, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[1334,2330,1237,3009]" box="[1582,2107,1679,1715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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<taxonomicName authority="Sues, 1977" authorityName="Sues" authorityYear="1977" box="[1582,2107,1679,1715]" class="Reptilia" family="Saurornithoididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Saurornithoididae
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<bibRefCitation author="Sues, H. - D." box="[1920,2107,1680,1715]" journalOrPublisher="Palaontologische Zietschrift" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" pagination="173 - 184" part="51" refId="ref10420" refString="Sues, H. - D., 1977, The skull of Velociraptor mongoliensis, a small Cretaceous theropod dinosaur from Mongolia: Palaontologische Zietschrift, v. 51, p. 173 - 184." title="The skull of Velociraptor mongoliensis, a small Cretaceous theropod dinosaur from Mongolia" type="journal article" year="1977">Sues, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="127" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[1334,2330,1237,3009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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Material: Partial left dentary,
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<collectionCode box="[1949,2047,1741,1771]" collectionName="USA, Colorado, Boulder, University of Colorado Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">UCM</collectionCode>
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41666 (
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<collectionCode box="[2188,2217,1742,1772]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">U</collectionCode>
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CMP-
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<collectionCode box="[1335,1362,1788,1817]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">V</collectionCode>
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571 1); and basioccipital,
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<collectionCode box="[1808,1906,1788,1818]" collectionName="USA, Colorado, Boulder, University of Colorado Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">UCM</collectionCode>
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43218 (UCMP-V5711).
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<emphasis box="[1416,1612,1833,1864]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Discussion</emphasis>
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: This material probably represents one individual, because: (1) the bones were found in the same sack of matrix; (2) of the similar color of the bones; and (3) of the minute size of the bones. The dentary fragment is ll mm long and has 13 alveoli preserved (
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<figureCitation box="[1475,1665,2062,2099]" captionStart="Figures" captionStartId="5.[360,464,2753,2783]" captionTargetBox="[314,2381,278,2695]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-11. Fig. 1, Dromaeosauridae, tooth, UCM 39502. Fig. 2a-h, Sauromithoides inequalis: 20,, buccal view of hatchling left dentary, UCM 41666; c, lingual view; e, dorsal view; b, buccal view of left dentary, NMC 8540 (cast); d, lingual view; f, dorsal view; g, lateral view of hatchling basioccipital, UCM 43218; and h, ventral view. Fig. 3a-c, teeth of Pectinodon bakkeri: a, holotype, UCM 38445; b, paratype, UCM 38446; and c, paratype, UCMP 73098. Fig. 4, Pararıychodon lacustris, tooth, UCMP 124990. Fig. 5a, b, Tyrannosauridae: a as lateral view of UCMP 119853; and b, posterior view. Fig. 6, Theropoda, tooth, UCMP 124987. Fig. 7a, b, tooth of Aublysodon mirandus: a! lateral view of UCMP 124406; and b, posterior view. Fig. 8, Thescelosaurus sp., tooth, UCMP 124973. Fig. 9, Hadrosauridae, tooth, UCM 45060. Fig. 10, Ceratopsidae, tooth, UCM 45057. Fig. 11, Ankylosaurus magniventris, tooth, UCMP 124399. Heavy bars to left of specimens = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3238512/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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Fig. 2
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<emphasis box="[1584,1600,2071,2092]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">a</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[1617,1633,2072,2093]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">c</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[1648,1665,2071,2093]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">e</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[1334,2330,1237,3009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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The dentary fragment is similar to the dentary of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Sternberg" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[1334,1830,2153,2190]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Saurornithoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="4" pageNumber="127" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inequalis">
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<emphasis box="[1334,1830,2153,2190]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Saurornithoides inequalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[1886,1986,2153,2183]" collectionName="NMC" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">NMC</collectionCode>
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8540, differing primarily in size. Comparison of the dentaries shows the following similarities: (1) on the external surfaces (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures" captionStartId="5.[360,464,2753,2783]" captionTargetBox="[314,2381,278,2695]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-11. Fig. 1, Dromaeosauridae, tooth, UCM 39502. Fig. 2a-h, Sauromithoides inequalis: 20,, buccal view of hatchling left dentary, UCM 41666; c, lingual view; e, dorsal view; b, buccal view of left dentary, NMC 8540 (cast); d, lingual view; f, dorsal view; g, lateral view of hatchling basioccipital, UCM 43218; and h, ventral view. Fig. 3a-c, teeth of Pectinodon bakkeri: a, holotype, UCM 38445; b, paratype, UCM 38446; and c, paratype, UCMP 73098. Fig. 4, Pararıychodon lacustris, tooth, UCMP 124990. Fig. 5a, b, Tyrannosauridae: a as lateral view of UCMP 119853; and b, posterior view. Fig. 6, Theropoda, tooth, UCMP 124987. Fig. 7a, b, tooth of Aublysodon mirandus: a! lateral view of UCMP 124406; and b, posterior view. Fig. 8, Thescelosaurus sp., tooth, UCMP 124973. Fig. 9, Hadrosauridae, tooth, UCM 45060. Fig. 10, Ceratopsidae, tooth, UCM 45057. Fig. 11, Ankylosaurus magniventris, tooth, UCMP 124399. Heavy bars to left of specimens = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3238512/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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Fig. 2
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<emphasis box="[1356,1374,2300,2321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">a</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[1390,1409,2290,2321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">b</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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) a shallow longitudinal groove connects the dental foramina; and (2) this groove shallows anteriorly. There are vertical flutes anteriorly which extend ventrally from the dental border, and each encloses a dental foramen. Internally (
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<figureCitation box="[1538,1696,2472,2509]" captionStart="Figures" captionStartId="5.[360,464,2753,2783]" captionTargetBox="[314,2381,278,2695]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-11. Fig. 1, Dromaeosauridae, tooth, UCM 39502. Fig. 2a-h, Sauromithoides inequalis: 20,, buccal view of hatchling left dentary, UCM 41666; c, lingual view; e, dorsal view; b, buccal view of left dentary, NMC 8540 (cast); d, lingual view; f, dorsal view; g, lateral view of hatchling basioccipital, UCM 43218; and h, ventral view. Fig. 3a-c, teeth of Pectinodon bakkeri: a, holotype, UCM 38445; b, paratype, UCM 38446; and c, paratype, UCMP 73098. Fig. 4, Pararıychodon lacustris, tooth, UCMP 124990. Fig. 5a, b, Tyrannosauridae: a as lateral view of UCMP 119853; and b, posterior view. Fig. 6, Theropoda, tooth, UCMP 124987. Fig. 7a, b, tooth of Aublysodon mirandus: a! lateral view of UCMP 124406; and b, posterior view. Fig. 8, Thescelosaurus sp., tooth, UCMP 124973. Fig. 9, Hadrosauridae, tooth, UCM 45060. Fig. 10, Ceratopsidae, tooth, UCM 45057. Fig. 11, Ankylosaurus magniventris, tooth, UCMP 124399. Heavy bars to left of specimens = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3238512/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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||
Fig. 2
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<emphasis box="[1644,1661,2481,2502]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">c</emphasis>
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||
,
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<emphasis box="[1676,1696,2472,2502]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">d</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
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||
), the inner dental parapet is lower than the outer dental parapet. A narrow, deeply incised meckelian groove extends along the ventral margin of the dentaries to a single foramen near the symphysis. Each alveolus (
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<figureCitation box="[1605,1752,2652,2690]" captionStart="Figures" captionStartId="5.[360,464,2753,2783]" captionTargetBox="[314,2381,278,2695]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-11. Fig. 1, Dromaeosauridae, tooth, UCM 39502. Fig. 2a-h, Sauromithoides inequalis: 20,, buccal view of hatchling left dentary, UCM 41666; c, lingual view; e, dorsal view; b, buccal view of left dentary, NMC 8540 (cast); d, lingual view; f, dorsal view; g, lateral view of hatchling basioccipital, UCM 43218; and h, ventral view. Fig. 3a-c, teeth of Pectinodon bakkeri: a, holotype, UCM 38445; b, paratype, UCM 38446; and c, paratype, UCMP 73098. Fig. 4, Pararıychodon lacustris, tooth, UCMP 124990. Fig. 5a, b, Tyrannosauridae: a as lateral view of UCMP 119853; and b, posterior view. Fig. 6, Theropoda, tooth, UCMP 124987. Fig. 7a, b, tooth of Aublysodon mirandus: a! lateral view of UCMP 124406; and b, posterior view. Fig. 8, Thescelosaurus sp., tooth, UCMP 124973. Fig. 9, Hadrosauridae, tooth, UCM 45060. Fig. 10, Ceratopsidae, tooth, UCM 45057. Fig. 11, Ankylosaurus magniventris, tooth, UCMP 124399. Heavy bars to left of specimens = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3238512/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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||
Fig. 2
|
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<emphasis box="[1707,1724,2662,2683]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">e</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[1736,1752,2654,2690]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">f</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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) is separated by an alveolar septum; no interdental plates are present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[1334,2330,1237,3009]" lastBlockId="6.[222,1220,278,2550]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">
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The only differences between the two dentaries, other than size, are the weakly developed symphysis and lack of a prominent tuberosity below the symphysis for the geniohyoideus muscle in
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<collectionCode box="[1880,1978,2881,2911]" collectionName="USA, Colorado, Boulder, University of Colorado Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">UCM</collectionCode>
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41666 (compare
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<emphasis box="[2311,2329,2890,2911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">c</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis box="[1412,1434,2927,2957]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">d</emphasis>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1459,1561,2927,2964]" captionStart="Figures" captionStartId="5.[360,464,2753,2783]" captionTargetBox="[314,2381,278,2695]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-11. Fig. 1, Dromaeosauridae, tooth, UCM 39502. Fig. 2a-h, Sauromithoides inequalis: 20,, buccal view of hatchling left dentary, UCM 41666; c, lingual view; e, dorsal view; b, buccal view of left dentary, NMC 8540 (cast); d, lingual view; f, dorsal view; g, lateral view of hatchling basioccipital, UCM 43218; and h, ventral view. Fig. 3a-c, teeth of Pectinodon bakkeri: a, holotype, UCM 38445; b, paratype, UCM 38446; and c, paratype, UCMP 73098. Fig. 4, Pararıychodon lacustris, tooth, UCMP 124990. Fig. 5a, b, Tyrannosauridae: a as lateral view of UCMP 119853; and b, posterior view. Fig. 6, Theropoda, tooth, UCMP 124987. Fig. 7a, b, tooth of Aublysodon mirandus: a! lateral view of UCMP 124406; and b, posterior view. Fig. 8, Thescelosaurus sp., tooth, UCMP 124973. Fig. 9, Hadrosauridae, tooth, UCM 45060. Fig. 10, Ceratopsidae, tooth, UCM 45057. Fig. 11, Ankylosaurus magniventris, tooth, UCMP 124399. Heavy bars to left of specimens = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3238512/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="127">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both of these features reflect the extreme immaturity of the specimen, and probably does not in- dicate taxonomic difference. In addition, there is a peculiar dorsobuccal twist of the symphysis in
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1118,1216,324,354]" collectionName="USA, Colorado, Boulder, University of Colorado Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">UCM</collectionCode>
|
||
41666 which would cause the first dentary tooth to project obliquely away from the jaw. It is not certain whether this was to enable the hatchling to slit through the leathery egg shell with the tooth, or whether the condition was pathological. If pathological, this may be the first reported example of a birth defect in a dinosaur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3238512/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" startId="5.[360,464,2753,2783]" targetBox="[314,2381,278,2695]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[288,2375,2753,3013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[360,464,2753,2783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">Figures</emphasis>
|
||
1-
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[511,609,2754,2784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">11. Fig</emphasis>
|
||
. 1,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[671,922,2756,2780]" class="Reptilia" family="Dromaeosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dromaeosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, tooth, UCM 39502. Fig. 2a-h,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Sternberg" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[1391,1760,2761,2792]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Saurornithoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inequalis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1391,1619,2761,2786]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">Sauromithoides</emphasis>
|
||
inequalis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 20,, buccal view of hatchling left dentary, UCM 41666; c, lingual view;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[700,714,2797,2814]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">e</emphasis>
|
||
, dorsal view
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis box="[912,928,2793,2816]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">b</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[950,1570,2793,2825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">buccal view of left dentary, NMC 8540 (cast</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis box="[1601,1619,2797,2820]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">d</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1639,1734,2797,2826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">lingual</emphasis>
|
||
view;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1822,1838,2797,2827]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">f</emphasis>
|
||
, dorsal view; g, lateral view of
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">hatchling basioccipital, UCM 43218; and</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[802,819,2830,2854]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">h</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[840,1110,2831,2862]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">ventral view. Fig. 3</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1111,1151,2840,2857]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">a-c</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1172,1448,2834,2859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">
|
||
teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1982" box="[1287,1567,2835,2860]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Pectinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="130" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bakkeri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1287,1567,2835,2860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1287,1448,2835,2859]" genus="Pectinodon" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" rank="genus">Pectinodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1458,1567,2836,2860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="bakkeri">bakkeri</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis box="[1585,1600,2843,2860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">a</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1621,1933,2836,2865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">holotype, UCM 38445</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1954,1969,2838,2864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">b</emphasis>
|
||
, paratype,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">
|
||
UCM 38446; and c, paratype,
|
||
<materialsCitation box="[475,668,2865,2890]" collectionCode="UCMP" httpUri="https://ucmpdb.berkeley.edu/cgi/ucmp_query2?admin=&query_src=ucmp_index&table=ucmp2&spec_id=V73098&one=T" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" specimenCode="UCMP 73098">UCMP 73098</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Fig. 4
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[793,1130,2868,2897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">Pararıychodon lacustris</emphasis>
|
||
, tooth, UCMP 124990. Fig. 5a, b,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1641,2255,2874,2903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1906" box="[1641,1882,2874,2902]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tyrannosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis box="[1903,1928,2882,2903]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1903,1918,2882,2899]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">a</emphasis>
|
||
as
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of
|
||
<materialsCitation box="[2154,2364,2877,2903]" collectionCode="UCMP" httpUri="https://ucmpdb.berkeley.edu/cgi/ucmp_query2?admin=&query_src=ucmp_index&table=ucmp2&spec_id=V119853&one=T" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" specimenCode="UCMP 119853">
|
||
UCMP
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">119853; and</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[355,371,2902,2925]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">b</emphasis>
|
||
, posterior view. Fig. 6, Theropoda, tooth,
|
||
<materialsCitation box="[994,1203,2907,2932]" collectionCode="UCMP" httpUri="https://ucmpdb.berkeley.edu/cgi/ucmp_query2?admin=&query_src=ucmp_index&table=ucmp2&spec_id=V124987&one=T" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" specimenCode="UCMP 124987">UCMP 124987</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Fig. 7a, b,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1381,1678,2910,2940]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">
|
||
tooth of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[1504,1822,2910,2940]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="130" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||
Aublysodon
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1689,1822,2911,2935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="mirandus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1689,1822,2911,2935]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">mirandus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: a!
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1880,2041,2912,2936]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">lateral view</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">
|
||
of UCMP 124406; and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[293,309,2938,2961]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">b</emphasis>
|
||
, posterior view. Fig. 8,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gilmore" authorityYear="1913" box="[653,864,2940,2966]" class="Reptilia" family="Thescelosauridae" genus="Thescelosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[653,864,2940,2966]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">Thescelosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., tooth,
|
||
<materialsCitation box="[1031,1238,2944,2969]" collectionCode="UCMP" httpUri="https://ucmpdb.berkeley.edu/cgi/ucmp_query2?admin=&query_src=ucmp_index&table=ucmp2&spec_id=V124973&one=T" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" specimenCode="UCMP 124973">UCMP 124973</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Fig. 9,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1869" box="[1361,1571,2947,2971]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Hadrosauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, tooth, UCM 45060. Fig. 10,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1888" box="[1994,2179,2950,2979]" class="Reptilia" family="Ceratopsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ceratopsidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, tooth, UCM 45057. Fig. 11,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1908" box="[519,912,2976,3008]" class="Reptilia" family="Ankylosauridae" genus="Ankylosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magniventris">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[519,912,2976,3008]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">
|
||
Ankylosaurus
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[729,912,2979,3008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" rank="species" species="magniventris">magniventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, tooth,
|
||
<materialsCitation box="[1034,1245,2981,3006]" collectionCode="UCMP" httpUri="https://ucmpdb.berkeley.edu/cgi/ucmp_query2?admin=&query_src=ucmp_index&table=ucmp2&spec_id=V124399&one=T" pageId="5" pageNumber="128" specimenCode="UCMP 124399">UCMP 124399</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Heavy bars to left of
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1585,1727,2985,3013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">specimens</emphasis>
|
||
= 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[288,2375,2753,3013]" box="[1922,1928,2882,2903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="128">,</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[222,1220,278,2550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">
|
||
The basioccipital (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[668,840,643,680]" captionStart="Figures" captionStartId="5.[360,464,2753,2783]" captionTargetBox="[314,2381,278,2695]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 1-11. Fig. 1, Dromaeosauridae, tooth, UCM 39502. Fig. 2a-h, Sauromithoides inequalis: 20,, buccal view of hatchling left dentary, UCM 41666; c, lingual view; e, dorsal view; b, buccal view of left dentary, NMC 8540 (cast); d, lingual view; f, dorsal view; g, lateral view of hatchling basioccipital, UCM 43218; and h, ventral view. Fig. 3a-c, teeth of Pectinodon bakkeri: a, holotype, UCM 38445; b, paratype, UCM 38446; and c, paratype, UCMP 73098. Fig. 4, Pararıychodon lacustris, tooth, UCMP 124990. Fig. 5a, b, Tyrannosauridae: a as lateral view of UCMP 119853; and b, posterior view. Fig. 6, Theropoda, tooth, UCMP 124987. Fig. 7a, b, tooth of Aublysodon mirandus: a! lateral view of UCMP 124406; and b, posterior view. Fig. 8, Thescelosaurus sp., tooth, UCMP 124973. Fig. 9, Hadrosauridae, tooth, UCM 45060. Fig. 10, Ceratopsidae, tooth, UCM 45057. Fig. 11, Ankylosaurus magniventris, tooth, UCMP 124399. Heavy bars to left of specimens = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3238512/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity box="[765,805,644,680]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" unit="g" value="2.0">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis box="[787,805,652,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">g</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,840,643,672]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">h</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) is similar to that figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, D. A." box="[426,661,688,725]" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" pagination="595 - 612" part="6" refId="ref10738" refString="Russell, D. A., 1969, A new specimen of Stenonychosaurus from the Oldman Formation (Cretaceous) of Alberta: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 6, p. 595 - 612." title="A new specimen of Stenonychosaurus from the Oldman Formation (Cretaceous) of Alberta" type="journal article" year="1969">Russell (1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 4), differing only in that some of the structures are underdeveloped; the dorsal neural groove is not as deep as that figured, nor are the basal tubera as prominent or as rugose. The occipital condyle, however, is well developed and separated from the main body of the basioccipital by a constricted neck. Sutural scars for the exoccipitals are present on each side of the dorsal neural groove and indicate that the exoccipitals contribute to only a small part of the occipital condyle, as in most theropods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[222,1220,278,2550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">
|
||
The minute size and underdeveloped condition of the dentary and basiooccipital suggest that these bones probably are from a hatchling. The great size disparity between hatchling and adult
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[811,1095,1280,1311]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Saurornithoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[811,1095,1280,1311]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">Saurornithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is illustrated by comparing tooth row lengths: the first 13 alveoli in the hatchling dentary occupies
|
||
<quantity box="[963,1096,1373,1402]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, while the first 13 alveoli in
|
||
<collectionCode box="[616,715,1418,1447]" collectionName="Canada Entomology Department, Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">ROM</collectionCode>
|
||
1445 occupies
|
||
<quantity box="[991,1147,1417,1448]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.66" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="26.6">26.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode box="[361,460,1464,1493]" collectionName="NMC" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">NMC</collectionCode>
|
||
8540, and
|
||
<quantity box="[680,805,1463,1493]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode box="[877,1005,1464,1492]" collectionName="PMAA" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">PMAA</collectionCode>
|
||
P 67.14.39.
|
||
<collectionCode box="[225,323,1508,1538]" collectionName="Canada Entomology Department, Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">ROM</collectionCode>
|
||
1445,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[453,552,1509,1539]" collectionName="NMC" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">NMC</collectionCode>
|
||
8540, and
|
||
<collectionCode box="[764,892,1508,1538]" collectionName="PMAA" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">PMAA</collectionCode>
|
||
P67.14.39 are almost the same size as the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[726,800,1558,1591]" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">type</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Barsbold" authorityYear="1974" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Saurornithoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mongoliensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,1216,1553,1584]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">Saurornithoides mongolíensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[408,544,1599,1629]" collectionName="USA, New York, New York, American Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
6516), and are believed to be from adults. It is not possible to measure the length of the first 13 alveoli in
|
||
<collectionCode box="[545,680,1690,1720]" collectionName="USA, New York, New York, American Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
6515 as the lower jaws are in occlusion (see Osborn, 1924, Fig. 3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[222,1220,278,2550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">
|
||
All the hatchling cranial (material is similar to specimens referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sternberg" authorityYear="1932" box="[649,1152,1826,1863]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Stenonychosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inequalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[649,1152,1826,1863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">Stenonychosaurus inequalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, D. A." box="[224,470,1870,1908]" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" pagination="595 - 612" part="6" refId="ref10738" refString="Russell, D. A., 1969, A new specimen of Stenonychosaurus from the Oldman Formation (Cretaceous) of Alberta: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 6, p. 595 - 612." title="A new specimen of Stenonychosaurus from the Oldman Formation (Cretaceous) of Alberta" type="journal article" year="1969">Russell (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, as will be shown in detail later (Carpenter and Paul,
|
||
<emphasis box="[706,992,1917,1954]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">in preparation</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sternberg" authorityYear="1932" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Stenonychosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[224,402,1962,1993]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">Stenonychosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[830,1114,1962,1993]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Saurornithoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[830,1114,1962,1993]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">Saurornithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This was originally suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, D. A." box="[726,971,2007,2045]" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" pagination="595 - 612" part="6" refId="ref10738" refString="Russell, D. A., 1969, A new specimen of Stenonychosaurus from the Oldman Formation (Cretaceous) of Alberta: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 6, p. 595 - 612." title="A new specimen of Stenonychosaurus from the Oldman Formation (Cretaceous) of Alberta" type="journal article" year="1969">Russell (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and again by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barsbold, R." box="[223,508,2052,2090]" journalOrPublisher="Results of the Polish-Mongolian Palaeontological Expeditions, Part V, Palaeontologia Polonica" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" pagination="5 - 22" part="30" refId="ref8506" refString="Barsbold, R., 1974, Saurornithoididae, a new family of small theropod dinosaurs from central Asia and North America: Results of the Polish-Mongolian Palaeontological Expeditions, Part V, Palaeontologia Polonica, no. 30, p. 5 - 22." title="Saurornithoididae, a new family of small theropod dinosaurs from central Asia and North America" type="journal article" year="1974">Barsbold (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, although neither made the synonymy official. Only one species of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[777,1060,2099,2130]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Saurornithoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[777,1060,2099,2130]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">Saurornithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sternberg" authorityYear="1932" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Stenonychosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inequalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1096,1115,2100,2129]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">inequalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is recognized from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia, and one is known from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia (
|
||
<emphasis box="[497,517,2236,2266]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", Barsbold, 1974" authorityName=", Barsbold" authorityYear="1974" box="[557,1105,2236,2273]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Saurornithoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mongoliensis">
|
||
mongoliensis,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Barsbold, R." box="[827,1105,2236,2271]" journalOrPublisher="Results of the Polish-Mongolian Palaeontological Expeditions, Part V, Palaeontologia Polonica" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" pagination="5 - 22" part="30" refId="ref8506" refString="Barsbold, R., 1974, Saurornithoididae, a new family of small theropod dinosaurs from central Asia and North America: Results of the Polish-Mongolian Palaeontological Expeditions, Part V, Palaeontologia Polonica, no. 30, p. 5 - 22." title="Saurornithoididae, a new family of small theropod dinosaurs from central Asia and North America" type="journal article" year="1974">Barsbold, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, notwithstanding).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[222,1220,278,2550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">
|
||
The presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[607,892,2331,2362]" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Saurornithoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[607,892,2331,2362]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">Saurornithoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in North America is not surprising, as similarities between the dinosaur and mammal faunas of North America and Mongolia have been the subject of comment before (
|
||
<emphasis box="[990,1006,2476,2497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">e</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1031,1052,2477,2505]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">g</emphasis>
|
||
., Kielan- Jarowowska, 1975;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fox, R. C." box="[590,772,2514,2550]" editor="Stelck, C. R." journalOrPublisher="Geological Association of Canada" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" pagination="577 - 594" part="18" refId="ref9134" refString="Fox, R. C., 1978, Upper Cretaceous terrestrial vertebrate stratigraphy of the Gobi Desert (Mongolian People's Republic) and western North America, in Stelck, C. R., and Chatterton, B. D. E., eds, Western and Arctic Canadian biostratigraphy: Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper 18, p. 577 - 594." title="Upper Cretaceous terrestrial vertebrate stratigraphy of the Gobi Desert (Mongolian People's Republic) and western North America" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Western and Arctic Canadian biostratigraphy" year="1978">Fox, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |