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<document id="A603863E6E5AEC96D22B9007A0CD7FB2" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4175.1.2" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4175.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="887d93ae-26dc-4192-87d4-5396e561df0f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="160280" ID-ZooBank="011B74BE-40C0-4606-9354-C637F83C3E43" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1476253530258" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shattuck, Steve &amp; Cover, Stefan" docDate="2016" docId="03E5E90BFF8A233BFF3C9BE5FD8672DE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4175.1.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4175 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aphaenogaster azteca Enzmann, J. 1947, new status" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFDC9173FF882338FFAB9D09FFC47079" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of some little-understood North American ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="22" masterPageNumber="10" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698389545208" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="1B2594E1ED71D6610C58144BB0942003">Taxonomy of some little-understood North American ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A74325247BC893DA4AE6D07B61BC707F">Shattuck, Steve</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A4E447C91DBB5C7357C04244A0E24944">Cover, Stefan</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03E5E90BFF8A233BFF3C9BE5FD8672DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6062946" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124997005" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6062946" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E5E90BFF8A233BFF3C9BE5FD8672DE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5E90BFF8A233BFF3C9BE5FD8672DE" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<subSubSection id="C3560B96FF8A233AFF3C9BE5FD3F777C" box="[151,763,1772,1797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF3581DFF8A233AFF3C9BE5FD3F777C" blockId="2.[151,1436,1772,2013]" box="[151,763,1772,1797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="D0BBEF71FF8A233AFF3C9BE5FD3F777C" bold="true" box="[151,763,1772,1797]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8A233AFF3C9BE5FD3F777C" bold="true" box="[151,763,1772,1797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8A233AFF3C9BE5FDB6777C" ID-CoL="36XS" authority="Enzmann, J. 1947" authorityName="Enzmann, J." authorityYear="1947" box="[151,626,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8A233AFF3C9BE5FE57777D" bold="true" box="[151,403,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Aphaenogaster azteca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD25ECFF8A233AFE309BE5FDB6777C" author="Enzmann" box="[411,626,1772,1797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" refString="Enzmann, J. (1947) New forms of Aphaenogaster and Novomessor. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 55, 147 - 152." type="journal article" year="1947">Enzmann, J. 1947</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20B3974FF8A233AFDD59BE5FD3F777C" box="[638,763,1772,1797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">new status</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3560B96FF8A233AFF6C9A19FB587734" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF3581DFF8A233AFF6C9A19FB587734" blockId="2.[151,1436,1772,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<materialsCitation id="3B245240FF8A233AFF6C9A19FB587734" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316541022" collectorName="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale &amp; Genoa" country="Mexico" location="Raised" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5C7F33FF8A233AFF6C9A19FB587734" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8A233AFF6C9A19FCF47750" ID-CoL="5FPLJ" authority="Enzmann, J. 1947: 150" authorityName="Enzmann, J." authorityPageNumber="150" authorityYear="1947" box="[199,816,1808,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fulva" subSpecies="azteca">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8A233AFF6C9A19FDCF7750" box="[199,523,1808,1833]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Aphaenogaster fulva azteca</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AED7E0CFF8A233AFDB39A18FCF47750" author="Enzmann" box="[536,816,1808,1833]" page="150" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" year="1947">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD25ECFF8A233AFDB39A18FD357750" author="Enzmann" box="[536,753,1809,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" refString="Enzmann, J. (1947) New forms of Aphaenogaster and Novomessor. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 55, 147 - 152." type="journal article" year="1947">Enzmann, J. 1947</bibRefCitation>
: 150
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54F7E6BFFF8A233AFCEA9A18FC597750" box="[833,925,1809,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
workers,
<collectingCountry id="F35B188DFF8A233AFBB29A19FBAA7750" box="[1049,1134,1808,1833]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<collectorName id="26B93DCBFF8A233AFB289A18FF3E7734" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Museo Civico di Storia Naturale</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26B93DCBFF8A233AFEAE9A3CFE947734" box="[261,336,1845,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Genoa</collectorName>
) [https://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0904168].
<location id="8E930EC6FF8A233AFC7F9A3DFBE47734" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E5E90BFF8A233BFF3C9BE5FD8672DE:8E930EC6FF8A233AFC7F9A3DFBE47734" box="[980,1056,1844,1869]" country="Mexico" name="Raised" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Raised</location>
to species.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3560B96FF8A233BFF6C9A50FBAF7139" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF3581DFF8A233BFF6C9A50FBAF7139" blockId="2.[151,1436,1772,2013]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,680]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<materialsCitation id="3B245240FF8A233BFF6C9A50FD75708E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316541027" country="Mexico" county="An" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="13" location="Emery" municipality="Emery" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD25ECFF8A233AFF6C9A50FEA07708" author="Emery" box="[199,356,1880,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" refString="Emery, C. (1895) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. (Schluss). Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 8, 257 - 360." type="journal article" year="1895">
<location id="8E930EC6FF8A233AFF6C9A50FED67708" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E5E90BFF8A233BFF3C9BE5FD8672DE:8E930EC6FF8A233AFF6C9A50FED67708" box="[199,274,1881,1905]" country="Mexico" county="An" municipality="Emery" name="Emery" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Emery</location>
(1895)
</bibRefCitation>
established the infrasubspecific (and therefore unavailable) name “
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8A233AFBCA9A50FDE477EC" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Stenamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="fulvum" subGenus="Aphaenogaster" subSpecies="aquia" variety="aztecum">Stenamma (Aphaenogaster) fulvum subsp. aquia var. aztecum</taxonomicName>
” for several workers from
<collectingCountry id="F35B188DFF8A233AFCCA9A75FC7277EC" box="[865,950,1916,1941]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(specific locality not given and currently unknown).
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD25ECFF8A233AFEB39AA8FE1077C0" author="Enzmann" box="[280,468,1953,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" refString="Enzmann, J. (1947) New forms of Aphaenogaster and Novomessor. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 55, 147 - 152." type="journal article" year="1947">
<location id="8E930EC6FF8A233AFEB39AA8FE4677C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E5E90BFF8A233BFF3C9BE5FD8672DE:8E930EC6FF8A233AFEB39AA8FE4677C1" box="[280,386,1953,1976]" country="Mexico" county="An" municipality="Emery" name="Enzmann" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Enzmann</location>
(1947)
</bibRefCitation>
was the first to use this name as a trinomial and thereby made the name available as
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8A233AFF3C9ACDFE0A77A4" box="[151,462,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fulva" subSpecies="azteca">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8A233AFF3C9ACDFE0A77A4" box="[151,462,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Aphaenogaster fulva azteca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDD25ECFF8A233AFE709ACCFDB377A4" author="Emery" box="[475,631,1988,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" refString="Emery, C. (1895) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. (Schluss). Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 8, 257 - 360." type="journal article" year="1895">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B97C267FF8A233AFE709ACCFDE277A4" box="[475,550,1989,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Emery</collectingMunicipality>
(1895)
</bibRefCitation>
separated his variety from others based on its very “rough” sculpturing, long and almost horizontal propodeal spines and dark black-brown body color with bright red legs.
<collectingCounty id="62922091FF8B233BFB509D91FAD970C9" box="[1275,1309,152,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">An</collectingCounty>
image of a
<typeStatus id="54F7E6BFFF8B233BFF3C9DB4FF2A70AC" box="[151,238,189,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
is available on AntWeb (at www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0904168) and single worker labeled as “
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFF0A9DD6FD75708E" authority="Em" authorityName="Em" box="[161,689,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="fulvum" subSpecies="aquia" variety="aztecum">Aphaenogaster fulvum aquia var. aztecum Em</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B245240FF8B233BFD179DD6FBAF7139" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1316541019" collectionCode="MCZC" country="Mexico" location="Emery" municipality="Emery's" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F35B188DFF8B233BFD179DD6FCD07081" box="[700,788,223,248]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Mexico</collectingCountry>
” and “from
<location id="8E930EC6FF8B233BFC0A9DE9FC2A7081" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E5E90BFF8A233BFF3C9BE5FD8672DE:8E930EC6FF8B233BFC0A9DE9FC2A7081" box="[929,1006,224,248]" country="Mexico" municipality="Emery's" name="Emery" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Emery</location>
” and matching
<collectingMunicipality id="6B97C267FF8B233BFB0B9DE9FB397081" box="[1184,1277,224,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Emerys</collectingMunicipality>
description is held in the
<collectionCode id="ED5DC0D8FF8B233BFEB69C0DFEB47165" box="[285,368,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">MCZC</collectionCode>
. While not labeled as a
<typeStatus id="54F7E6BFFF8B233BFD209C0CFD7F7164" box="[651,699,261,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
it seems highly likely that if not a true
<typeStatus id="54F7E6BFFF8B233BFB3A9C0CFB057164" box="[1169,1217,261,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
this specimen was certainly identified by Emery and is likely to be conspecific with the true
<typeStatus id="54F7E6BFFF8B233BFC7B9C21FBC47139" box="[976,1024,296,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
material.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3560B96FF8B233BFF6C9C45FD8672DE" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF3581DFF8B233BFF6C9C45FD8672DE" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
When comparing Emerys specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFD299C45FD2D711D" box="[642,745,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFD299C45FD2D711D" box="[642,745,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. azteca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFC839C45FC44711C" box="[808,896,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFC839C45FC44711C" box="[808,896,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. fulva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens, similar body color and development of sculpturing can be found in
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFE589C79FD8F71F1" box="[499,587,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFE589C79FD8F71F1" box="[499,587,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. fulva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens. However, darker
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFC329C79FC3571F1" box="[921,1009,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFC329C79FC3571F1" box="[921,1009,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. fulva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
workers also have darker legs, which are similar in color to the body. In contrast, the legs in
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFD5E9C9DFC9871D5" box="[757,860,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFD5E9C9DFC9871D5" box="[757,860,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. azteca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are distinctly lighter in color compared to the body. Also, as noted by Emery, the propodeal spines in
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFD6F9CB1FCE871A9" box="[708,812,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFD6F9CB1FCE871A9" box="[708,812,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. azteca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are directed posteriorly (are nearly horizontal) while in
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFF3C9CD5FF36718C" box="[151,242,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFF3C9CD5FF36718C" box="[151,242,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. fulva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
these spines are directed strongly upwards. These last two characters readily separate these two taxa. Finally,
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFF599F09FE8E7261" box="[242,330,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFF599F09FE8E7261" box="[242,330,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. fulva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most abundant in the eastern and southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F35B188DFF8B233BFCDE9F09FC5D7261" box="[885,921,512,536]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">US</collectingCountry>
although it is known from as far west as
<collectingRegion id="498896FFFF8B233BFACC9F09FF287244" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
New
<collectingCountry id="F35B188DFF8B233BFF3C9F2DFF287244" box="[151,236,548,573]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
<collectingRegion id="498896FFFF8B233BFF3C9F2DFF287244" box="[151,236,548,573]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Mexico</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
(a doubtful record) and eastern
<collectingRegion id="498896FFFF8B233BFDFC9F2CFD5F7245" box="[599,667,549,572]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Texas</collectingRegion>
, but has been only rarely encountered there.
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFB3E9F2DFB387245" box="[1173,1276,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFB3E9F2DFB387245" box="[1173,1276,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. azteca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected from an unknown locality in
<collectingCountry id="F35B188DFF8B233BFE449F4EFD837219" box="[495,583,583,608]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
<collectingRegion id="498896FFFF8B233BFE449F4EFD837219" box="[495,583,583,608]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Mexico</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
, an area where
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFCAF9F41FC9A7219" box="[772,862,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFCAF9F41FC9A7219" box="[772,862,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. fulva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not occur, or at least not commonly. These morphological and geographic differences strongly suggest that these two taxa are both distinct and we propose raising
<taxonomicName id="4C4C239EFF8B233BFF419F99FE9572D1" box="[234,337,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
<emphasis id="B938840FFF8B233BFF419F99FE9572D1" box="[234,337,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. azteca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to full species status.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>