446 lines
52 KiB
XML
446 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="C0B024957B78623AE866955F75E297DC" ID-CLB-Dataset="55246" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5310.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="95de53d6-ac5c-424e-a3ed-087bc2e2912b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8090240" ID-ZooBank="C6664128-1B4E-40C8-80E8-6D09AB49CB30" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1687949290506" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2023" docId="03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5310.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5310 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5310.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paralophaster ferax Mah 2023, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="FFFAFF906631FFE3FFFFE7588613FFBB" masterDocTitle="New Genera, Species, and observations on the biology of Antarctic Valvatida (Asteroidea)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1699537264752" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="7C27BDA754C9ABE11BD8BCFF76562450" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="B877EFEAC91FB1A9F5B4EACFEE91FC13">
|
||
<mods:title id="E2CC9322508C1B0B1D9E17A41E152222">New Genera, Species, and observations on the biology of Antarctic Valvatida (Asteroidea)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="B8588BB8F210BC92D6735F54DB6E8C94" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B7AD2644B107BECA412443696823C3FC">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5C2D509D6C4167B931ED0F485CCEF047">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="40CC71A7C2BDBE900757D68930701B5B">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="ED9CEA18425CCC80BCAC237D52927107">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="41F679E99D32F0CE43B0711D8BC8EB00" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="2338DF41E22699A90BD0F8D15CA52709">
|
||
<mods:title id="565604EEBE16B6507F1D31DC5F361C83">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="30CDFFD99AB1628927C49D57438905EF">
|
||
<mods:date id="1BAFEBFA08B49E8822CC1EF7DBED1A30">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="B9CC72B1434B61AF7F5E301FD1DAA098" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="E03F65A0C2AAF9D42BD7AFF908B78205">2023-06-27</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="76D96259C43973FD1C60F08267E9B89E" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="C439E47E66DDBEAE68DDE5D0C1E8E6F2">5310</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="9F7F85307A2F513D3A5E0A0DD245EE8D" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="7FF267DA67B966D882739DD6D8D09543">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="690AFDC4AD8C471DA10269FE2C5927C7" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="3FA85AFF39B2A9794F830CF93BB68F47">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="2B8250809663FBAD62C12B51D8047F27">88</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="45F260873F04373036898FF84F573720">
|
||
<mods:url id="FDCA6BB6A63CFC47E0E46665D33ED549">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5310.1.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="45CEA6616DC1DD149CB83DAFE2E65AD5">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D9E8FEFA10A01DEC36037135F4B35596" type="CLB-Dataset">55246</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A55B9FBAC91BB3B4A3FEE8776792978A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5310.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="9A679ED0CB6AF41E67DBDD24D87284F8" type="GBIF-Dataset">95de53d6-ac5c-424e-a3ed-087bc2e2912b</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1A3241BA06F53F00B8F37B9C549148F5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="61E871AD7FD6E320018DBF588596AF47" type="Zenodo-Dep">8090240</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="50642008FAB6A42BB1A3E1ECE0A97A03" type="ZooBank">C6664128-1B4E-40C8-80E8-6D09AB49CB30</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8092155" ID-GBIF-Taxon="210479619" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8092155" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3706575660CFFDEFF68E6A687C0FDA2" box="[151,467,510,537]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF68E6A687C0FDA2" blockId="61.[151,467,510,573]" box="[151,467,510,537]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<heading id="D09D8192660CFFDEFF68E6A687C0FDA2" bold="true" box="[151,467,510,537]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFF68E6A687C0FDA2" bold="true" box="[151,467,510,537]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D660CFFDEFF68E6A68799FDA3" ID-CoL="19337513-d6f5-4bad-8885-0224b00f18b3" authority="Mah, 2023" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,394,510,537]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Paralophaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ferax" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFF68E6A68799FDA3" bold="true" box="[151,394,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Paralophaster ferax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22D5797660CFFDEFE6EE6A787C0FDA2" box="[401,467,511,537]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3706575660CFFDEFF68E57B8741FD86" box="[151,338,547,573]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF68E57B8741FD86" blockId="61.[151,467,510,573]" box="[151,338,547,573]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660CFFDEFF68E57B8741FD86" box="[151,338,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 20A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3706575660CFFDEFF68E533838AFD12" box="[151,1433,619,681]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF68E533870BFD3E" blockId="61.[151,1433,619,681]" box="[151,280,619,645]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFF68E533870BFD3E" bold="true" box="[151,280,619,645]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF38E5D7838AFD12" blockId="61.[151,1433,619,681]" box="[199,1433,655,681]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
The species epithet
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D660CFFDEFE5AE5D787CCFD12" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" box="[421,479,655,681]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Paralophaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ferax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFE5AE5D787CCFD12" box="[421,479,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">ferax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is Latin for fertile or fruitful, alluding to the brooding behavior found in this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3706575660CFFDEFF68E58E8305FB8E" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF68E58E8719FD4B" blockId="61.[151,1437,726,1077]" box="[151,266,726,752]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFF68E58E8719FD4B" bold="true" box="[151,266,726,752]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF38E5A38305FB8E" blockId="61.[151,1437,726,1077]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Body shape weakly stellate (R/r=1.7), arms short, triangular, disk large (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660CFFDEFC26E5A3824FFCAE" box="[985,1116,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 20A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body thickened. Interradial arcs weakly curved. Largest R=
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660CFFDEFE00E4468442FC82" box="[511,593,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
. Abactinal plates paxillate, each with spines, 10–25, each bearing pointed, jagged hyaline tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660CFFDEFE86E41B87F3FCE6" box="[377,480,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 20B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Plates separated by membranous skin. Marginal plates 26–28 per interradius (13–14 per arm), widely spaced, single series of marginals observed, superomarginals not clearly discerned, these either weakly expressed or irregular. Marginal plates are large, paxillate with trunk-like shaft, head of paxilla with curved head, each bearing spines, 8–30 on plate surface. Actinal region small, with 1–4 small, round plates, each bearing 1–3 spinelets. Furrow spines, 2–4, palmate arrangement with basal webbing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660CFFDEFC07E48B824FFC56" box="[1016,1116,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 20F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subambulacral spines two, decreasing to a single spine distally along arm, arranged transversely on adambulacral plate. Oral plates with 10 furrow spines, no suboral plates. No pedicellariae. Brooded juveniles in coelomic cavity (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660CFFDEFB7DE3438319FB8E" box="[1154,1290,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 20D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3706575660CFFDEFF68E33A842FFAEE" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF68E33A870BFBC7" blockId="61.[151,1437,1122,1365]" box="[151,280,1122,1148]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFF68E33A870BFBC7" bold="true" box="[151,280,1122,1148]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF38E3DF842FFAEE" blockId="61.[151,1437,1122,1365]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
This species displays closest resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D660CFFDEFD3EE3DF85E3FB1B" authority="Mah, 2023" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" box="[705,1008,1159,1185]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Paralophaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paucispinus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFD3EE3DF85E3FB1B" box="[705,1008,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Paralophaster paucispinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22D5797660CFFDEFC08E3DF8227FB1A" box="[1015,1076,1159,1185]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with which it shares a similarly low number of marginal plates, approximately 13–14 per arm, a single discernible marginal series with no clear superomarginal plates, similar numbers of furrow spines and a similar overall body shape. It differs in having significantly more abactinal spines, 10–25 versus
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660CFFDEFD3CE3AA8519FAB6" box="[707,778,1266,1293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D660CFFDEFCEFE3AB85A2FAB7" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" box="[784,945,1267,1292]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Paralophaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paucispinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFCEFE3AB85A2FAB7" box="[784,945,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P. paucispinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in having abactinal paxillae with lobate rather than round bases in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D660CFFDEFE40E24F8472FA8B" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" box="[447,609,1303,1328]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Paralophaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paucispinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFE40E24F8472FA8B" box="[447,609,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P. paucispinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There are also more spines on the marginal paxillae, 8–30, than are on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D660CFFDEFA77E24F870EFAEF" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Paralophaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="paucispinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFA77E24F870EFAEF" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P. paucispinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which only shows 4–10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3706575660CFFDEFF68E2DA87FEFA7A" box="[151,493,1410,1473]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF68E2DA8731FA27" blockId="61.[151,493,1410,1473]" box="[151,290,1410,1436]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFF68E2DA8731FA27" bold="true" box="[151,290,1410,1436]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF38E2FF87FEFA7A" blockId="61.[151,493,1410,1473]" box="[199,493,1447,1473]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Scotia Sea,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660CFFDEFEB4E2FF87FAFA7A" box="[331,489,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7835" metricValueMax="4.429" metricValueMin="3.138" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="3783.5" valueMax="4429.0" valueMin="3138.0">3138–4429 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3706575660CFFDCFF68E2B68331FD3E" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF68E2B68732F9B3" blockId="61.[151,1437,1518,1941]" box="[151,289,1518,1544]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660CFFDEFF68E2B68732F9B3" bold="true" box="[151,289,1518,1544]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF38E14B8249F9EA" blockId="61.[151,1437,1518,1941]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Body weakly stellate (R/r=1.6–2.22), arms short, triangular in shape, disk large. Body strongly thickened. Interradial arcs weakly curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660CFFDEFE05E16F8490F9EA" box="[506,643,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 20A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface covered with membranous skin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF38E1038411F8BE" blockId="61.[151,1437,1518,1941]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Abactinal plates paxillate with spines, 10–25, each with pointed, jagged hyaline tips, shaft short, stocky (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660CFFDEFA90E10386D9F922" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 20B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spinelets triangular in cross-section. Paxillae, widely spaced, each with 3–5 lobes radiating at base forming open papular spaces between plates which are filled with thin membranous skin. These skin-filled spaces widest proximally on disk but become arranged more closely together distally. Madreporite diamond shaped, raised with irregular sulci. No pedicellariae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660CFFDEFF38E0578399F82E" blockId="61.[151,1437,1518,1941]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Marginal plates 20–28 per interradius (13–14 per arm), widely spaced, single series of marginals observed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660CFFDEFA90E05786D9F8F6" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 20C</figureCitation>
|
||
), superomarginals not clearly discerned, these either weakly expressed or irregular. Marginal plates are large, paxillate with trunk-like shaft, head of maxilla with curved head, each bearing spines, 8–30 on plate surface. Paxillar spines similar to those on abactinal paxillae, slender hyaline tipped with multiple tips, triangular in cross-section.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF156676660FFFDDFF68E0CF829EF84C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" startId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" targetPageId="62" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660FFFDDFF68E0CF829EF84C" blockId="62.[151,1436,1943,2039]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660FFFDDFF68E0CF8426F80B" bold="true" box="[151,565,1943,1968]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
FIGURE 20.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D660FFFDDFEDAE0CF87E5F814" authority="Mah, 2023" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" box="[293,502,1943,1967]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Paralophaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ferax" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660FFFDDFEDAE0CF87E5F814" bold="true" box="[293,502,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Paralophaster ferax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22D5797660FFFDDFE03E0C08426F80B" box="[508,565,1944,1968]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype USNM 1675790,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660FFFDDFCACE0CF857FF814" bold="true" box="[851,876,1943,1967]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660FFFDDFBCFE0C08254F80B" bold="true" box="[1072,1095,1944,1968]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Closeup on abactinal paxillae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660FFFDDFA7BE0CF838FF814" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1943,1967]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Actinal surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660FFFDDFEBFE0E4874AF86F" bold="true" box="[320,345,1980,2004]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway).
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660FFFDDFBC6E0E48242F86F" bold="true" box="[1081,1105,1980,2004]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Closeup of brooded juvenile.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660FFFDDFA76E0E4838FF86F" bold="true" box="[1417,1436,1980,2004]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E7CF86DBFEA6" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Actinal surface relatively small, limited only to disk (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660EFFDCFCD1E7CF858BFF0A" box="[814,920,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 20C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Marginal plates (possibly inferomarginals?) along arm in direct contact with adambulacral plates. Actinal intermediate region small, filled with membranous dermis bearing small plates, 1–4, present on actinal intermediate region round to irregular, bearing slender spines, 1–4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E67F86E3FE6A" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Adambulacral plates lobate in shape, with distinct, skin-filled gap between each plate. Furrow spines, 2–4, palmate arrangement with basal webbing. Subambulacral spines two, decreasing to a single spine distally along arm, arranged transversely on adambulacral plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660EFFDCFD31E6378521FE32" box="[718,818,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 20F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oral plates pronounced with furrow spines, 10, blunt, widely spaced.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AEF81C660EFFDCFEBDE6CB879EFE16" box="[322,397,403,429]" country="France" name="Centre" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Center</collectingRegion>
|
||
of oral plate with distinct ridge on either side of central fossae. No spines present on oral plate surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E6838331FD3E" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFF38E68387BAFE4F" bold="true" box="[199,425,474,501]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Brooded juveniles.</emphasis>
|
||
USNM 1675790 and 1676505 contain brooded juveniles in their coelomic cavity (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B660EFFDCFA90E68386F9FDA2" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@62.[159,1429,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 20. Paralophaster ferax n. sp. Holotype USNM 1675790, A. Abactinal surface. B. Closeup on abactinal paxillae. C. Actinal surface. D. Brooded juveniles within coelomic cavity (abactinal surface cutaway). E. Closeup of brooded juvenile. F. Closeup of adambulacral furrow showing furrow and subambulacral spination, adambulacral plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090292/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 20D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
), enclosed within tissue, these occur directly above the oral region. Approximately 8–10 individuals, most with R=3.0 mm, r=
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660EFFDCFE8DE57A87DFFD86" box="[370,460,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Actinal surface facing upward towards abactinal surface of adult. Furrow spines, 1 or 2, subambulacral spines 2, both with hyaline, finely denticulate tips. Inferomarginal plates mound-like with hyaline spines, 3–6, bearing denticulate tips. Abactinal plates, including presumptive superomarginals identical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3706575660EFFDCFF68E5EA8794FAEE" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF68E5EA876CFD77" blockId="63.[151,1437,690,1365]" box="[151,383,690,716]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<heading id="D09D8192660EFFDCFF68E5EA876CFD77" bold="true" box="[151,383,690,716]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFF68E5EA876CFD77" bold="true" box="[151,383,690,716]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Material Examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E58F82D3FCAE" blockId="63.[151,1437,690,1365]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA3660EFFDCFF38E58F82D3FCAE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000410" collectingDate="1963-09-08" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin" country="South Georgia Island" elevation="3188" latitude="-56.033" location="South Atlantic" longLatPrecision="63" longitude="-33.967" municipality="Scotia Sea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="USNM 1675790" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-juvenile="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFF38E58F8728FD4A" bold="true" box="[199,315,727,753]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D1885C660EFFDCFF38E58F8725FD4A" box="[199,310,727,753]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E85660EFFDCFEBEE58F87EEFD4A" box="[321,509,726,753]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USNM 1675790</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A672FDC660EFFDCFDF8E58F8446FD4A" box="[519,597,727,753]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">East of</locationDeviation>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E660EFFDCFDA4E58F855AFD4A" box="[603,841,727,753]" name="South Georgia Island" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Georgia Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC84660EFFDCFCABE58F85D8FD4A" box="[852,971,727,753]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Scotia Sea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB56025660EFFDCFC2AE58F826BFD4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE:8EB56025660EFFDCFC2AE58F826BFD4A" box="[981,1144,727,753]" country="South Georgia Island" latitude="-56.033" longLatPrecision="63" longitude="-33.967" municipality="Scotia Sea" name="South Atlantic" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Atlantic</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFB7DE58E82F1FD4A" box="[1154,1250,726,753]" degrees="56.033" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-56.033">−56.033</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFB13E58F835FFD4A" box="[1260,1356,727,753]" degrees="33.967" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-33.967">−33.967</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660EFFDCFAA9E58F86FCFCAE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1885" metricValueMax="3.239" metricValueMin="3.138" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="3188.5" valueMax="3239.0" valueMin="3138.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD660EFFDCFAA9E58F86FCFCAE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1885" metricValueMax="3.239" metricValueMin="3.138" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="3188.5" valueMax="3239.0" valueMin="3138.0">3138– 3239 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFEC7E5A387D3FCAE" box="[312,448,763,789]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFE91E5A387D3FCAE" box="[366,448,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E660EFFDCFE31E5A3844DFCAE" box="[462,606,763,789]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1963-09-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D6660EFFDCFE31E5A3844DFCAE" box="[462,606,763,789]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1963-09-08">8 Sept. 1963</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFD96E5A38464FCAE" box="[617,631,763,789]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=1.7 r=1.0 (contains brooded
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFBB5E5A382A7FCAE" box="[1098,1204,763,789]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="juvenile">juveniles</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E44782ADFCE6" blockId="63.[151,1437,690,1365]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA3660EFFDCFF38E44782ADFCE6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000382" collectingDate="1963-09-08" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin" country="South Georgia Island" elevation="3188" latitude="-56.033" location="South Atlantic" longLatPrecision="63" longitude="-33.967" municipality="Scotia Sea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="USNM 1675789" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFF38E4478728FC82" bold="true" box="[199,315,799,825]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D1885C660EFFDCFF38E4478725FC82" box="[199,310,799,825]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E85660EFFDCFEBEE44787EEFC82" box="[321,509,798,825]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USNM 1675789</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A672FDC660EFFDCFDF8E4478446FC82" box="[519,597,799,825]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">East of</locationDeviation>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E660EFFDCFDA4E447855AFC82" box="[603,841,799,825]" name="South Georgia Island" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Georgia Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC84660EFFDCFCABE44785D8FC82" box="[852,971,799,825]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Scotia Sea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB56025660EFFDCFC2AE447826BFC82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE:8EB56025660EFFDCFC2AE447826BFC82" box="[981,1144,799,825]" country="South Georgia Island" latitude="-56.033" longLatPrecision="63" longitude="-33.967" municipality="Scotia Sea" name="South Atlantic" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Atlantic</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFB7DE44682F1FC82" box="[1154,1250,798,825]" degrees="56.033" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-56.033">−56.033</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFB13E447835FFC82" box="[1260,1356,799,825]" degrees="33.967" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-33.967">−33.967</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660EFFDCFAA9E44786FCFCE6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1885" metricValueMax="3.239" metricValueMin="3.138" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="3188.5" valueMax="3239.0" valueMin="3138.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD660EFFDCFAA9E44786FCFCE6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1885" metricValueMax="3.239" metricValueMin="3.138" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="3188.5" valueMax="3239.0" valueMin="3138.0">3138– 3239 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFEC7E41B87D3FCE6" box="[312,448,835,861]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFE91E41B87D3FCE6" box="[366,448,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E660EFFDCFE31E41B844DFCE6" box="[462,606,835,861]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1963-09-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D6660EFFDCFE31E41B844DFCE6" box="[462,606,835,861]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1963-09-08">8 Sept. 1963</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFD96E41B8464FCE6" box="[617,631,835,861]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">2</specimenCount>
|
||
dry specs. R=1.7 r=1.0, R=1.7 r=1.0 (no brooding).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E43F87DAFC1E" blockId="63.[151,1437,690,1365]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA3660EFFDCFF38E43F87DAFC1E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000383" collectingDate="1963-10-27" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin" location="Southern Ocean" municipality="Southern Ocean" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="USNM 1676503" specimenCount="4430" specimenCount-male="4429">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E85660EFFDCFF38E43F8790FC3A" box="[199,387,870,897]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USNM 1676503</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC84660EFFDCFE72E43F8451FC3A" box="[397,578,871,897]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Southern Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, −64.75, −82.53,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFCFBE43F8573FC3A" box="[772,864,871,897]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="male">
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660EFFDCFCFBE43F8548FC3A" box="[772,859,871,897]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.429" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="4429.0">4429 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFC5CE43F823AFC3A" box="[931,1065,871,897]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFC28E43F823AFC3A" box="[983,1065,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, USAP,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E660EFFDCFB77E43F8309FC3A" box="[1160,1306,871,897]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1963-10-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D6660EFFDCFB77E43F8309FC3A" box="[1160,1306,871,897]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1963-10-27">27 Oct. 1963</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFADBE43F8321FC3A" box="[1316,1330,871,897]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=2.0 r=0.9 (no brooding).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E4F7871EFBAA" blockId="63.[151,1437,690,1365]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA3660EFFDCFF38E4F7871EFBAA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000439" collectingDate="1966-02-08" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin & USAP" country="South Georgia Island" elevation="2963" latitude="-55.092" location="South Atlantic" longLatPrecision="63" longitude="-39.842" municipality="Scotia Sea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="USNM 1676504" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E85660EFFDCFF38E4F78794FC72" box="[199,391,942,969]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USNM 1676504</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E660EFFDCFE6AE4F7849FFC72" box="[405,652,943,969]" name="South Georgia Island" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Georgia Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC84660EFFDCFD64E4F78505FC72" box="[667,790,943,969]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Scotia Sea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB56025660EFFDCFCDBE4F785D8FC72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE:8EB56025660EFFDCFCDBE4F785D8FC72" box="[804,971,943,969]" country="South Georgia Island" latitude="-55.092" longLatPrecision="63" longitude="-39.842" municipality="Scotia Sea" name="South Atlantic" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Atlantic</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFC25E4F68229FC72" box="[986,1082,942,969]" degrees="55.092" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-55.092">−55.092</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFBB7E4F782B4FC72" box="[1096,1191,943,969]" degrees="39.842" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-39.842">−39.842</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660EFFDCFB49E4F78344FC72" box="[1206,1367,943,969]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.963" metricValueMax="3.04" metricValueMin="2.886" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="2963.0" valueMax="3040.0" valueMin="2886.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD660EFFDCFB49E4F78344FC72" box="[1206,1367,943,969]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.963" metricValueMax="3.04" metricValueMin="2.886" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="2963.0" valueMax="3040.0" valueMin="2886.0">2886–3040 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFF68E48B870DFC56" box="[151,286,979,1005]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFF33E48B870DFC56" box="[204,286,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFED3E48B8767FC56" box="[300,372,979,1005]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USAP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E660EFFDCFE81E48B8415FC56" box="[382,518,979,1005]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1966-02-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D6660EFFDCFE81E48B8415FC56" box="[382,518,979,1005]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1966-02-08">8 Feb. 1966</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFDEFE48B840DFC56" box="[528,542,979,1005]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=1.9 r=0.7, R=1.7 r=0.7, R=2.0 r=0.9, R=2.0 r=0.6, R=1.3 r=0.4 (no brooding).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E34385F6FBE2" blockId="63.[151,1437,690,1365]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA3660EFFDCFF38E34385F6FBE2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000340" collectingDate="1966-02-08" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin & USAP" country="South Georgia Island" elevation="2963" latitude="-55.092" location="South Atlantic" longLatPrecision="63" longitude="-39.842" municipality="Scotia Sea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="USNM 1676505" specimenCount="2">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E85660EFFDCFF38E3438790FB8E" box="[199,387,1050,1077]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USNM 1676505</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E660EFFDCFE72E343846FFB8E" box="[397,636,1051,1077]" name="South Georgia Island" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Georgia Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC84660EFFDCFD79E34384EDFB8E" box="[646,766,1051,1077]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Scotia Sea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB56025660EFFDCFCF7E34385B8FB8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE:8EB56025660EFFDCFCF7E34385B8FB8E" box="[776,939,1051,1077]" country="South Georgia Island" latitude="-55.092" longLatPrecision="63" longitude="-39.842" municipality="Scotia Sea" name="South Atlantic" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Atlantic</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFC49E3428205FB8E" box="[950,1046,1050,1077]" degrees="55.092" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-55.092">−55.092</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFBDFE343826CFB8E" box="[1056,1151,1051,1077]" degrees="39.842" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-39.842">−39.842</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660EFFDCFB75E3438334FB8E" box="[1162,1319,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.963" metricValueMax="3.04" metricValueMin="2.886" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="2963.0" valueMax="3040.0" valueMin="2886.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD660EFFDCFB75E3438334FB8E" box="[1162,1319,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.963" metricValueMax="3.04" metricValueMin="2.886" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="2963.0" valueMax="3040.0" valueMin="2886.0">2886–3040 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFA91E34386FAFBE2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFF68E36786FAFBE2" box="[151,233,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFF07E3678753FBE2" box="[248,320,1087,1113]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USAP</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E660EFFDCFEB5E36787C1FBE2" box="[330,466,1087,1113]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1966-02-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D6660EFFDCFEB5E36787C1FBE2" box="[330,466,1087,1113]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1966-02-08">8 Feb. 1966</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFE22E36787F8FBE2" box="[477,491,1087,1113]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=1.9 r=0.7. (brooding
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFC95E36785CAFBE2" box="[874,985,1087,1113]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="generic">specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E33B87DAFB1A" blockId="63.[151,1437,690,1365]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA3660EFFDCFF38E33B87DAFB1A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000325" collectingDate="1966-02-28" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin" elevation="4005" latitude="-54.925" location="South Atlantic" longLatPrecision="64" longitude="-14.842" municipality="South Atlantic" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="USNM 1676568" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E85660EFFDCFF38E33B8790FBC6" box="[199,387,1122,1149]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USNM 1676568</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC84660EFFDCFE72E33B8423FBC6" box="[397,560,1123,1149]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Atlantic</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFDC5E33A8489FBC6" box="[570,666,1122,1149]" degrees="54.925" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-54.925">−54.925</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFD5BE33B8517FBC6" box="[676,772,1123,1149]" degrees="14.842" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-14.842">−14.842</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660EFFDCFCF1E33B85B8FBC6" box="[782,939,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.005" metricValueMax="4.063" metricValueMin="3.947" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="4005.0" valueMax="4063.0" valueMin="3947.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD660EFFDCFCF1E33B85B8FBC6" box="[782,939,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.005" metricValueMax="4.063" metricValueMin="3.947" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="4005.0" valueMax="4063.0" valueMin="3947.0">3947–4063 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFC0DE33B826BFBC6" box="[1010,1144,1123,1149]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFBD9E33B826BFBC6" box="[1062,1144,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E660EFFDCFB79E33B8309FBC6" box="[1158,1306,1123,1149]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1966-02-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D6660EFFDCFB79E33B8309FBC6" box="[1158,1306,1123,1149]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1966-02-28">28 Feb. 1966</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFADBE33B8321FBC6" box="[1316,1330,1123,1149]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=2.5 r=0.9 (no brooding).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E3F38426FB52" blockId="63.[151,1437,690,1365]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA3660EFFDCFF38E3F38426FB52" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000407" collectingDate="1966-02-28" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin" elevation="4005" latitude="-54.925" location="South Atlantic Ocean" longLatPrecision="64" longitude="-14.842" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="USNM 1676577" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E85660EFFDCFF38E3F38796FB7E" box="[199,389,1194,1221]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USNM 1676577</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB56025660EFFDCFE6EE3F38496FB7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE:8EB56025660EFFDCFE6EE3F38496FB7E" box="[401,645,1195,1221]" latitude="-54.925" longLatPrecision="64" longitude="-14.842" name="South Atlantic Ocean" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Atlantic Ocean</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFD6DE3F284E2FB7E" box="[658,753,1194,1221]" degrees="54.925" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-54.925">−54.925</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E5039660EFFDCFD01E3F3854EFB7E" box="[766,861,1195,1221]" degrees="14.842" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="55" value="-14.842">−14.842</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B660EFFDCFC95E3F3821AFB7E" box="[874,1033,1195,1221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.005" metricValueMax="4.063" metricValueMin="3.947" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="4005.0" valueMax="4063.0" valueMin="3947.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD660EFFDCFC95E3F3821AFB7E" box="[874,1033,1195,1221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.005" metricValueMax="4.063" metricValueMin="3.947" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="4005.0" valueMax="4063.0" valueMin="3947.0">3947–4063 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFBABE3F382CDFB7E" box="[1108,1246,1195,1221]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">R/V Eltanin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E660EFFDCFB15E3F38391FB7E" box="[1258,1410,1195,1221]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1966-02-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D6660EFFDCFB15E3F38391FB7E" box="[1258,1410,1195,1221]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1966-02-28">28 Feb. 1966</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFA71E3F3838FFB7E" box="[1422,1436,1195,1221]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=1.2 r=0.4 (no brooding).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE660EFFDCFF38E3AB8794FAEE" blockId="63.[151,1437,690,1365]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA3660EFFDCFF38E3AB8794FAEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000403" collectingDate="1975-05-22" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="John Dearborn & R / V Islas Orcadas" location="South Sandwich Islands" municipality="Scotia Sea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCode="USNM 1676578" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Candlemas Island">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E85660EFFDCFF38E3AB8794FAB6" box="[199,391,1266,1293]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USNM 1676578</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A672FDC660EFFDCFE6AE3AB87CFFAB6" box="[405,476,1267,1293]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">NE of</locationDeviation>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AEF81C660EFFDCFE19E3AB84A7FAB6" box="[486,692,1267,1293]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Candlemas Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB56025660EFFDCFD3DE3AB85CBFAB6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE:8EB56025660EFFDCFD3DE3AB85CBFAB6" box="[706,984,1267,1293]" municipality="Scotia Sea" name="South Sandwich Islands" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Candlemas Island">South Sandwich Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC84660EFFDCFC18E3AB8271FAB6" box="[999,1122,1267,1293]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Scotia Sea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB56025660EFFDCFB8EE3AB830AFAB6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E8660CFFDCFF68E6A68794FAEE:8EB56025660EFFDCFB8EE3AB830AFAB6" box="[1137,1305,1267,1293]" municipality="Scotia Sea" name="South Atlantic" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Candlemas Island">South Atlantic</location>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFA98E3AB8712FA8A" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">John Dearborn</collectorName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFEF8E24F872DFA8A" box="[263,318,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="269F5328660EFFDCFEBBE24F8401FA8A" box="[324,530,1303,1329]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC660EFFDCFE87E24F8401FA8A" box="[376,530,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Islas Orcadas</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E660EFFDCFDE0E24F84A5FA8A" box="[543,694,1302,1329]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1975-05-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D6660EFFDCFDE0E24F84A5FA8A" box="[543,694,1302,1329]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1975-05-22">22 May 1975</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD77660EFFDCFD3FE24F84DDFA8A" box="[704,718,1303,1329]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">3</specimenCount>
|
||
wet specs. R=2.3 r=1.0, R=2.1 r=1.0, R=1.2 r=0.6 (no broodingbut gametes present).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |