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<document id="CC41BE16B50E98183954BE8FB9C8D1DF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5735888" ID-ISSN="2064-2474" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5735888" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638060768729" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Papp, L." docDate="2012" docId="03C3878FFFA1DD30FD4AC7795791FAAD" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaZoolAcadSciH.58.3.225-258.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 58 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4FD749C6DF7B87D8940F4D8C7B0A0514.3:ActaZoolAcadSciH.2002-2014.journal_article" docStyleId="4FD749C6DF7B87D8940F4D8C7B0A0514" docStyleName="ActaZoolAcadSciH.2002-2014.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Leptocera OLIVIER 1813" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="227" masterDocId="FFFAFFF7FFA0DD32FFC9C2485330FFEC" masterDocTitle="A Review Of The Afrotropical Species Of Leptocera Olivier (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae)" masterLastPageNumber="258" masterPageNumber="225" pageNumber="226" updateTime="1699430607488" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="FB6C4A5E8FE5657043F577CEB538D8B9">A Review Of The Afrotropical Species Of Leptocera Olivier (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DE54C3DBD340275F36C146BCCC730A43">Papp, L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number id="436974E5CDAF2E93016EB896294E7A31">58</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C3878FFFA1DD30FD4AC7795791FAAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5735822" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5735822" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C3878FFFA1DD30FD4AC7795791FAAD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C3878FFFA1DD30FD4AC7795791FAAD" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="227" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
<subSubSection id="C3706512FFA1DD33FD4AC7795080FAA7" box="[643,944,1329,1355]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD53699FFA1DD33FD4AC7795080FAA7" blockId="1.[643,944,1329,1355]" box="[643,944,1329,1355]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
<heading id="D09D81F5FFA1DD33FD4AC7795080FAA7" box="[643,944,1329,1355]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" reason="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D1AFFA1DD33FD4AC7795080FAA7" ID-CoL="5CVW" ID-ENA="1614654" authority="OLIVIER, 1813" authorityName="OLIVIER" authorityYear="1813" box="[643,944,1329,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Leptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91EEA8BFFA1DD33FD4AC77951CAFAA7" box="[643,762,1329,1355]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">Leptocera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B68FFA1DD33FCC8C7795080FAA7" author="OLIVIER, G. A." box="[769,944,1329,1355]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" pagination="477 - 495" refId="ref14975" refString="OLIVIER, G. A. (1813) Premiere memoire sur quelques Insectes qui attaquent les cereales. Memoires de la Societe d' Agriculture du Departement de Seine-et-Oise 16: 477 - 495." type="journal article" year="1813">OLIVIER, 1813</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3706512FFA1DD30FEF4C73C5791FAAD" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="227" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD53699FFA1DD33FEF4C73C5045FA65" blockId="1.[317,885,1396,1418]" box="[317,885,1396,1418]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
<typeStatus id="54D1883BFFA1DD33FEF4C73C525EFA65" box="[317,366,1396,1417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D1AFFA1DD33FE0FC73D51C7FA65" authority="OLIVIER, 1813" authorityName="OLIVIER" authorityYear="1813" box="[454,759,1396,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Leptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B91EEA8BFFA1DD33FE0FC73D5152FA66" box="[454,610,1397,1418]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">Leptocera nigra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B68FFA1DD33FDA1C73C51C7FA65" author="OLIVIER, G. A." box="[616,759,1396,1417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" pagination="477 - 495" refId="ref14975" refString="OLIVIER, G. A. (1813) Premiere memoire sur quelques Insectes qui attaquent les cereales. Memoires de la Societe d' Agriculture du Departement de Seine-et-Oise 16: 477 - 495." type="journal article" year="1813">OLIVIER, 1813</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(monotypy).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD53699FFA1DD33FEB7C7F95780F9FD" blockId="1.[317,1270,1457,1800]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B68FFA1DD33FEB7C7F9517AFA27" author="ROHACEK, J." box="[382,586,1457,1483]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref15213" refString="ROHACEK, J. (1982) Revision of the subgenus Leptocera (s. str.) of Europe (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae). Entomologische Abhandlungen, Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde in Dresden 46 (1): 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1982">ROHÁČEK (1982)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B68FFA1DD33FD4AC7F950EFFA27" author="BUCK, M. &amp; MARSHALL, S. A." box="[643,991,1457,1483]" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref14746" refString="BUCK, M. &amp; MARSHALL, S. A. (2009) Revision of New World Leptocera Olivier (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae). Zootaxa 2039: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="2009">BUCK and MARSHALL (2009)</bibRefCitation>
described the morphology and diagnostic features in great detail, and there is not much to add here. Below I summarise the characteristics of the male and female terminalia only.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD53699FFA1DD30FEB7C4535042FC94" blockId="1.[317,1270,1457,1800]" lastBlockId="2.[317,1270,439,1345]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="227" pageId="1" pageNumber="226">
Male abdominal tergites (incl. the 5th one) with long caudal margital setae. Male sternite 5 various, with or without with a pair of posterior lobes but usually with a medio-caudal less sclerotised and melanised part, which bears dense fine short microtrichia and usually also some setae. Synsternite with basic structure characteristic in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D1AFFA1DD33FD0FC4EF506CF92D" authorityName="Frey" authorityYear="1921" box="[710,860,1703,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Limosininae">Limosininae</taxonomicName>
, but their sternite 8 is fused to epandrium. The epandrium is not fused below the anal opening and the modified cerci are separate from it. The shape of their cercus is often species-specific. Hypandrium broadly and strongly fused to epandrium, strongly sclerotised, its apodeme rod-like or dorso-ventrally flattened, posteriorly with forked processes that connects with the postgonites (
<figureCitation id="13512A1CFFA2DD30FD2AC3B65070FDF4" box="[739,832,510,536]" captionStart="Figs 17–22" captionStartId="8.[317,360,1685,1706]" captionTargetBox="[317,1267,439,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[317,1269,439,1641]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 17–22. Leptocera elgonensis RICHARDS, male postabdomen. 17 = sternite 5 and synsternite, ventral view, 18 = caudal part of sternite 5, ventral view, 19 = postgonite, right lateral view, 20 = hypandrium, ventral view, 21 = phallus, phallapodeme and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral view, 22 = cercus and contours of posterior part of surstylus, caudal view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm for Fig. 17, 0.2" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5735894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5735894/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="227">Figs 20</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13512A1CFFA2DD30FC87C3B6505EFDF4" box="[846,878,510,536]" captionStart="Figs 61–66" captionStartId="22.[317,360,1730,1751]" captionTargetBox="[321,1266,630,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-104@22.[317,1269,626,1699]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 61–66. Leptocera melanaspis (BEZZI, 1908), male postabdomen: 61 = sternite 5, ventral view, 62 = caudal part of sternite 5, ventral view, 63 = synsternite, posteroventral view, 64 = hypandrium, ventral view, 65 = postgonite, left lateral view, 66 = phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, left lateral" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5735915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5735915/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="227">64</figureCitation>
, etc.). Two pairs of surstyli connected by membranes only: anterior part of surstylus usually with a larger anterior part terminating in a ventrally directed process and a less projecting posterior part; posterior part of surstylus with a strong bristle apically. The postgonites are broadly fused to each other at the base, forming one piece (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B68FFA2DD30FBCCC0C35249FD24" author="BUCK, M. &amp; MARSHALL, S. A." pageId="2" pageNumber="227" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref14746" refString="BUCK, M. &amp; MARSHALL, S. A. (2009) Revision of New World Leptocera Olivier (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae). Zootaxa 2039: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="2009">BUCK &amp; MARSHALL 2009</bibRefCitation>
) often characteristic (length, shape, etc.). Phallus in two parts: basiphallus well sclerotised without epiphallus, distiphallus short (always shorter than phallapodeme), mainly membranous with dense fine microtrichia, mostly with a dorsal sagittal sclerotised sclerite, in several species also with a shorter ventral sclerite, which may be fused firmly with the dorsal one. Phallapodeme strong. Ejaculatory apodeme present but small, variably sclerotised.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD53699FFA2DD30FEB7C1C95791FAAD" blockId="2.[317,1270,439,1345]" pageId="2" pageNumber="227">
Female with seven normal preabdominal segments, although length of the 7th is variable. Tergite 8 consists of 2 lateral sclerites, which have a pair of medially directed narrow ventral processes and bear long setae, mostly on caudal margin. Sternite 8 usually species-specific; intersegmental membrane before sternite 8 sometimes with an additional translucent sclerite (e.g.
<figureCitation id="13512A1CFFA2DD30FC77C6465725FBC4" box="[958,1045,1038,1064]" captionStart="Figs 9–16" captionStartId="5.[317,359,1693,1714]" captionTargetBox="[318,1266,602,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-70@5.[317,1269,602,1641]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 9–16. Leptocera spp., female postabdomen and spermathecae. 9–12. L. austroafricana sp. n.: 9 = tergite 10 fused with cerci, dorsal view, 10 = tergite 8, lateral view, 11 = sternite 8, ventral view, 12 = spermathecae. 13–16. L. elgonensis RICHARDS: 13 = tergite 10 fused with cerci, dorsal view, 14 = tergite 8, lateral view, 15 = spermathecae, 16 = sternite 7 and sternite 8, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5735892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5735892/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="227">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Tergite 10 (= tergite 9 or epiproct of authors) usually flat, with or without setae. Sternite 10 (sternite 9, hypoproct) well formed and enlarged in some species, with short setulae, but sometimes reduced to a caudal rim, with short, often very thick (peg-like) setae. Cerci sometimes short, usually fused to tergite 10 to form a single sclerite (a condition that likely evolved more than once in the genus). Spermathecae 1+2, globular to pear-shaped, or cylindrical, with usually numerous (rarely few) more or less acute projections (spicules), especially on their base. The length of sclerotised ducts (incl. individual ducts of paired spermathecae) is also characteristic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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