134 lines
13 KiB
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134 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3789148" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aa97d560-1969-4b79-93bb-2614b7835c0e" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750240" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3789148" approvalRequired="5103" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="74" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="5027" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1587982132140" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian & Kondla, Norbert" docDate="2010" docId="03B2F2569FC6A4CDE6A7FD44FB92AE8E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2163.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 38 (38)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@2c1f1b55" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Noctuidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="235" lastPageNumber="236" masterDocId="FF8B8A2E9F2CA426E62BFFD7FFC6AF1B" masterDocTitle="An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada" masterLastPageNumber="549" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" updateTime="1643558428782" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pohl, Greg</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Northern Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Edmonton ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Anweiler, Gary</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Alberta Strickland Entomology Museum ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schmidt, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kondla, Norbert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Calgary ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2010-03-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>549</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.38.383</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">aa97d560-1969-4b79-93bb-2614b7835c0e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576629</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3789148" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750240" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3789148" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2F2569FC6A4CDE6A7FD44FB92AE8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2F2569FC6A4CDE6A7FD44FB92AE8E" lastPageId="235" lastPageNumber="236" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
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<subSubSection pageId="234" pageNumber="235" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="234.[140,1108,659,1636]" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
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<heading fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" reason="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,990,659,686]" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
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<taxonomicName box="[140,275,659,686]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,275,659,686]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" reason="1">Noctuidae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sensu lato
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[427,990,659,686]" italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
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(
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[437,550,659,686]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grote" authorityYear="1882" box="[564,692,659,686]" class="Insecta" family="Euteliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Euteliidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[707,808,659,686]" class="Insecta" family="Nolidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nolidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[822,956,659,686]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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) –
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</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,426,694,721]" italics="true" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">owlet moths and allies</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="234.[140,1108,659,1636]" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
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This is an extremely diverse group, and we are just beginning to get a more solid understanding of the evolutionary history of this complex assemblage; due to the changing nature of the higher level systematics, this group has recently been variously defined as a single family (
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<taxonomicName box="[319,439,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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in the sense of
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<bibRefCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Fibiger M" box="[619,946,835,862]" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" pagination="610 - 635" refId="ref253220" refString="Lafontaine JD, Fibiger M (2006) Revised higher classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera). Th e Canadian Entomologist 138: 610 - 635." type="journal article" year="2006">Lafontaine and Fibiger 2006</bibRefCitation>
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) or numerous families (
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<bibRefCitation author="Mitchell A & Mitter C & Regier JC" box="[241,485,870,897]" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" pagination="21 - 46" refId="ref258633" refString="Mitchell A, Mitter C, Regier JC (2005 b) Systematics and evolution of the cutworm moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): evidence from two protein-coding nuclear genes. Systematic Entomology 31: 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="2005">Mitchell et al. 2005b</bibRefCitation>
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). Th e most recent phylogenetic analysis using an extensive molecular character set (Zahiri et al. in press) substantiates earlier findings, and more importantly shows that there are four well-supported family groups with other taxa subordinate within these. The family-level nomenclature and systematic order was adjusted accordingly for the North American Noctuoidea by Lafontaine and Schmidt (in press), and we use the same arrangement here. It is hoped that the resulting classification is more natural, more phylogenetically sound, and therefore more stable, although it has created some short-term confusion through the redefinition, renaming, and reorganization of some long-standing groups. As a result, the long-standing family-level groups
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kitching and Rawlins" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[360,462,1187,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Arctiidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1893" box="[517,667,1187,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Lymantriidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lymantriidae</taxonomicName>
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have been relegated to subfamily status within the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[267,369,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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, and a number of new subfamily names and groupings have appeared that will be unfamiliar to many.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="235" lastPageNumber="236" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="234.[140,1108,659,1636]" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">
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This group contains approximately 58 500 described species in 4200 genera worldwide, and has traditionally been divided into a trifine group and a quadrifine group, on the basis of details of the hindwing venation (for details, see
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<bibRefCitation author="Lafontaine JD & Fibiger M" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" pagination="610 - 635" refId="ref253220" refString="Lafontaine JD, Fibiger M (2006) Revised higher classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera). Th e Canadian Entomologist 138: 610 - 635." type="journal article" year="2006">Lafontaine and Fibiger 2006</bibRefCitation>
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). Th is corresponds largely to the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[573,672,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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(quadrifines) and
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<taxonomicName box="[878,996,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="234" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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(trifines), although the trifine condition is thought to have arisen independently several times.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="234.[140,1108,659,1636]" lastBlockId="235.[140,1108,167,405]" lastPageId="235" lastPageNumber="236" pageId="234" pageNumber="235">In the preceding sections dealing with the microlepidoptera and the non-noctuoid macromoths and butterflies, each group is discussed briefly at the family level, and the AB fauna are placed into context within the North American and global faunas. Similar treatment for all families and subfamilies of the noctuid groups is not possible at this time, because of the many recent rearrangements in the higher classification, and because the global composition of many groups has not yet been reconciled with the new classification system.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="235.[140,1108,167,405]" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">
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Approximately 3 800 species of
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<taxonomicName box="[557,675,237,263]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="235" pageNumber="236" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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(in the broad sense) are known from North America north of
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<collectingCountry box="[415,502,272,298]" name="Mexico" pageId="235" pageNumber="236">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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; 768 species are reported here from AB. Besides coverage in the general
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<taxonomicName box="[340,477,307,333]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="235" pageNumber="236" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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texts discussed in the introductory sections of this book, useful general works about the
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<taxonomicName box="[494,612,343,369]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="235" pageNumber="236" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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include those by
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<bibRefCitation author="Rockburn EW & Lafontaine JD" pageId="235" pageNumber="236" refId="ref264891" refString="Rockburn EW, Lafontaine JD (1976) Th e cutworm moths of Ontario and Quebec. Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Publication No. 1593, 164 pp." type="book" year="1976">Rockburn and Lafontaine (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Rings RW & Metzler EH & Arnold FJ & Harris DH" box="[270,480,378,404]" pageId="235" pageNumber="236" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref264621" refString="Rings RW, Metzler EH, Arnold FJ, Harris DH (1992) Owlet moths of Ohio - order Lepidoptera - family Noctuidae. Ohio Biological Survey Bulletin 9 (2): 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="1992">Rings et al. (1992)</bibRefCitation>
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. Larvae of the
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<taxonomicName box="[638,756,378,404]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="235" pageNumber="236" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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were treated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Crumb SE" box="[934,1104,378,405]" pageId="235" pageNumber="236" pagination="1 - 356" refId="ref240463" refString="Crumb SE (1956) Th e larvae of the Phalaenidae. United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin 1135: 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1956">Crumb (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |