548 lines
79 KiB
XML
548 lines
79 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="7532A2382667A6ECB6550DEBDBFAD31C">Fourteen New, Endemic Species Of Shrew (Genus Crocidura) From Sulawesi Reveal A Spectacular Island Radiation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7CD1B6BFBE7A672C1BC644A3C2C632E1">Esselstyn, Jacob A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E22A6B3F8B2784CAE619FE8BA7E46858">Achmadi, Anang S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="0002A5B500090687050F619CD9A15EC8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F3EC6FA5E982B436FD98449B2997A515">Handika, Heru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="2A747B8915DE7FBE8AB6480B9933103C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0B4C1CFE61A7D339FA3E116A7607E3E6">Swanson, Mark T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="964C1F906FD7B19E501C42EA536C521E">Giarla, Thomas C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6AF935FA3E8276DE54B9F11B294625D8">Rowe, Kevin C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E3B18547D15B24C99D78A9CD8A8D6149">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CF81167D413B37AD194854B50AA80BF8">
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<mods:date id="80979A789ED1CE0691255648E5B524FA">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4461020D216CB73136F31154C0E00304">2021-12-15</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="4ADA9B8FB20DF9F9B0B181000B33DDE1">https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-454/issue-1/0003-0090.454.1.1/Fourteen-New-Endemic-Species-of-Shrew-Genus-Crocidura-from-Sulawesi/10.1206/0003-0090.454.1.1.full</mods:url>
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<treatment id="038AB3180128E93B4C3BFA4AFE48B0BD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5795530" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191690924" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5795530" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1249AC44-0D01-4060-B5FD-3000D9C4D29D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038AB3180128E93B4C3BFA4AFE48B0BD" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="C33951850128E93E4C3BFA4AFBC2B1E4" box="[776,1119,1480,1504]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E0128E93E4C3BFA4AFBC2B1E4" blockId="49.[776,1119,1480,1504]" box="[776,1119,1480,1504]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D0D4B5620128E93E4C3BFA4AFBC2B1E4" box="[776,1119,1480,1504]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4C3BFA4AFC4AB1E4" bold="true" box="[776,983,1480,1504]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="4C23798D0128E93E4C3BFA4AFC4DB1E4" authority="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe, 2021" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[776,976,1480,1504]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B957DE1C0128E93E4C3BFA4AFC4DB1E4" bold="true" box="[776,976,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">Crocidura pallida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26463670128E93E4CECFA4BFBC2B1E4" box="[991,1119,1480,1504]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33951850128E93E4C01FA78FB92B250" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E0128E93E4C01FA78FB92B250" blockId="49.[744,1152,1530,1620]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D0D4B5620128E93E4C01FA78FB92B250" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" reason="4">
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LSID:
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<uri id="FFB20E0C0128E93E4C4BFA78FB92B250" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
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urn:lsid:zoobank. org:act:
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<uuid id="FF8538DB0128E93E4C07F999FB92B250" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">1249AC44-0D01-4060-B5FD- 3000D9C4D29D</uuid>
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</uri>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33951850128E93D4DFFF9EFFE2CB2CD" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4B08530128E93D4DFFF9EFFE2CB2CD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079307" accessionNumber="MZB 43004" collectingDate="2010-10-18" collectionCode="MZB, FMNH" collectorName="J. A. Esselstyn" country="Indonesia" county="Luwu Utara" elevation="900" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="50" latitude="-2.4995" location="Mt. Balease" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="120.4874" municipality="Sukamaju" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" specimenCode="MZB 43004, FMNH 210607" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan" typeStatus="holotype">
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E0128E93E4DFFF9EFFB26B2C3" blockId="49.[684,1212,1645,1736]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="5498BCAC0128E93E4DFFF9EFFCDBB281" box="[716,838,1645,1669]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
:
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||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750128E93E4C67F9ECFC44B281" box="[852,985,1645,1669]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">MZB 43004</specimenCode>
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||
(=
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||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA750128E93E4B31F9ECFB2DB281" box="[1026,1200,1645,1669]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" type="Museum">FMNH 210607</specimenCode>
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), an adult female collected by
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<collectorName id="26D667D80128E93E4CCFF90DFB0BB2A2" box="[1020,1174,1678,1703]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">J.A. Esselstyn</collectorName>
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on
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<date id="FF9D24CE0128E93E4D9FF932FCEFB2CC" box="[684,882,1711,1736]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" value="2010-10-18">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFD9DD260128E93E4D9FF932FCEFB2CC" box="[684,882,1711,1736]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" value="2010-10-18">18 October 2010</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
. The specimen consists of a
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||
</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF5C5286012BE93D4F5FFA80FB39B131" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788877" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5788877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788877/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" startId="50.[108,148,1282,1303]" targetBox="[110,1208,224,1256]" targetPageId="50">
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E012BE93D4F5FFA80FB39B131" blockId="50.[108,1211,1280,1333]" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">
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FIG. 24. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary of two members of the Rhoditis Group:
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<emphasis id="B957DE1C012BE93D4EC7FA9FFD91B131" bold="true" box="[500,524,1309,1333]" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">A,</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012BE93D4D22FA9FFC95B131" authority=", MVZ" authorityName="MVZ" box="[529,776,1309,1333]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="B957DE1C012BE93D4D22FA9FFD58B131" box="[529,709,1309,1333]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">Crocidura australis</emphasis>
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, MVZ
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</taxonomicName>
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237610 and
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<emphasis id="B957DE1C012BE93D4CB5FA9FFC06B131" bold="true" box="[902,923,1309,1333]" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">B,</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012BE93D4C92FA9CFBCFB131" authority=", FMNH" authorityName="FMNH" box="[929,1106,1309,1333]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
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<emphasis id="B957DE1C012BE93D4C92FA9CFC60B131" box="[929,1021,1309,1333]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">C. pallida</emphasis>
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, FMNH
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</taxonomicName>
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210607.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B9C020E012BE93D4F5FFAE4FE74B261" blockId="50.[108,636,1382,1737]" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">
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||
dried skin, cleaned skull (
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||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012BE93D4EABFAE4FE68B17B" box="[408,501,1382,1407]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="50.[108,148,1282,1303]" captionTargetBox="[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetId="figure-158@50.[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIG. 24. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary of two members of the Rhoditis Group: A, Crocidura australis, MVZ 237610 and B, C. pallida, FMNH 210607." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788877/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">fig. 24B</figureCitation>
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) and skeleton, and tissue sample. It carried one embryo measuring
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB012BE93D4FC4FA2BFECDB1C4" box="[247,336,1449,1473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
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||
in crown-rump length. External measurements from the holotype are:
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB012BE93D4F5EFA69FF51B206" box="[109,204,1515,1539]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="140.0">140 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB012BE93D4FC3FA69FEDFB206" box="[240,322,1515,1539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="62.0">62 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB012BE93D4E55FA69FE25B206" box="[358,440,1515,1539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB012BE93D4EEFFA69FDBDB206" box="[476,544,1515,1539]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
=
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB012BE93D4D77FA69FDE5B207" box="[580,632,1515,1539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.1" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" unit="g" value="11.0">11 g</quantity>
|
||
. The voucher specimen and a tissue sample will be permanently curated at
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED329ACB012BE93D4E91F9AFFE43B240" box="[418,478,1581,1604]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
|
||
, with another tissue sample retained at
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED329ACB012BE93D4EA3F9CCFE78B261" box="[400,485,1614,1637]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E012BE93D4FBFF9EDFE2CB2CD" blockId="50.[108,636,1382,1737]" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">
|
||
TYPE LOCALITY:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F334429E012BE93D4E74F9EDFE29B283" box="[327,436,1647,1671]" name="Indonesia" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC012BE93D4EF1F9EDFDE5B283" box="[450,632,1647,1671]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">Sulawesi Selatan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FD7A82012BE93D4F5FF913FF6EB2AC" box="[108,243,1681,1704]" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">Luwu Utara</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF89874012BE93D4E32F912FEF2B2AC" box="[257,367,1680,1704]" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">Sukamaju</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D5012BE93D4E4EF913FD9DB2AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180128E93B4C3BFA4AFE48B0BD:8EFC54D5012BE93D4E4EF913FD9DB2AC" box="[381,512,1680,1704]" country="Indonesia" county="Luwu Utara" latitude="-2.4995" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="120.4874" municipality="Sukamaju" name="Mt. Balease" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">Mt. Balease</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1764C9012BE93D4D3DF912FDE5B2AC" box="[526,632,1680,1704]" degrees="2.4995" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" precision="5" value="-2.4995">2.4995° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1764C9012BE93D4F5FF933FF72B2CD" box="[108,239,1713,1737]" degrees="120.4874" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" precision="5" value="120.4874">120.4874° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB012BE93D4FC8F933FEDDB2CD" box="[251,320,1713,1737]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="900.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000EE53D012BE93D4FC8F933FEDDB2CD" box="[251,320,1713,1737]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elevation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185012BE93D4DFFFAE5FD62B1C4" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E012BE93D4DFFFAE5FD62B1C4" blockId="50.[683,1213,1382,1737]" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">
|
||
ETYMOLOGY: We use the Latin
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012BE93D4B78FAE4FB0AB17A" box="[1099,1175,1382,1406]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012BE93D4B78FAE4FB0AB17A" box="[1099,1175,1382,1406]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to highlight the pale color of the feet of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185012BE93C4DFFFA48FE03B538" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E012BE93C4DFFFA48FE03B538" blockId="50.[683,1213,1382,1737]" lastBlockId="51.[108,639,226,1738]" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">
|
||
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: Recorded from the west-central (Mt. Gandang Dewata,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC012BE93D4B1BFA69FC93B220" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Barat" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">West Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
; Mts.Torompupu and Balease,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC012BE93D4B5FF98EFCECB241" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">Central Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
; Mt. Latimojong and Rindingallo,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC012BE93D4DD8F9CCFC6FB262" box="[747,1010,1614,1638]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">South Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
), east-central (Mts. Katopasa and Tompotika,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC012BE93D4CF4F9EDFD41B2AC" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">Central Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
), and south-east areas of endemism (Mt. Mekongga,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E7CCEC012BE93D4C19F933FBC1B2CD" box="[810,1116,1713,1737]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tenggara" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">Southeast Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012BE93D4B5AF933FB2CB2CD" box="[1129,1201,1713,1737]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="41.[107,149,1051,1072]" captionTargetId="graphics-253@41.[279,1049,225,1023]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIG. 20. Map of Sulawesi showing localities sampled for shrews. Colored areas enclose localities with known records of members of the Rhoditis Group of Sulawesi Crocidura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789795/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Across these areas, we found this species over a broad elevational range, from approximately 100 to over
|
||
<quantity id="4CDBAFEB012AE93C4F93FEA6FF72B53F" box="[160,239,292,316]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4FCFFEA6FEDDB538" box="[252,320,292,316]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[104,146,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[104,1603,469,1356]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@31.[188,1530,466,1251]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 13. Elevational records of all species of Crocidura known from Sulawesi. Each point represents a specimen. For specimens associated with a minimum and maximum elevation, we used the center of the given elevational range. Sample sizes are given above the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788859/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B5012AE93C4E79FEA6FE0CB538" box="[330,401,292,316]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="27.[611,691,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[117,1200,329,1675]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="TABLE 3 Elevational Ranges (m) and Species Richness of Crocidura on Mountains of Sulawesia" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860102E9144D50FF60FBDEB51A" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" tableUuid="DF5C52860102E9144D50FF60FBDEB51A">table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185012AE93C4FBFFEC7FDC6B207" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E012AE93C4FBFFEC7FDC6B207" blockId="51.[108,639,226,1738]" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4E21FEC7FE50B559" box="[274,461,325,349]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4E21FEC7FE50B559" box="[274,461,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">Crocidura pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a moderately sized shrew (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4FC5FEE4FEA5B57A" box="[246,312,358,382]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">figs. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4E70FEE4FEC2B57A" box="[323,351,358,382]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[683,724,1275,1296]" captionTargetId="graphics-247@46.[325,392,795,927]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 23. Box plots summarizing head-and-body length, condyloincisive length, and braincase breadth measurements for members of the Rhoditis Group. Data from Crocidura rhoditis and C. pseudorhoditis are divided into two boxes. Dark gray boxes show all available measurements from across the species range while light gray boxes show only samples taken on Mt. Ambang, where the two species occur in syntopy. Note that the differences between these two species are greater on Mt. Ambang than they are for the islandwide sample. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. All measurements in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789797" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789797/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">23</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B5012AE93C4E59FEE4FE21B57A" box="[362,444,358,382]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="25.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1184,329,1682]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 2 Descriptive Statisticsa for External Measurements (mm) and Mass (g) for Species of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" tableUuid="DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523">tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B5012AE93C4EF4FEE4FE48B57A" box="[455,469,358,382]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="42.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1176,329,1110]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 7 Descriptive Statisticsa for Craniodental Measurements (mm) for Species of the Rhoditis Group of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860133E9254D51FF60FB27B523" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" tableUuid="DF5C52860133E9254D51FF60FB27B523">7</tableCitation>
|
||
) with very pale feet (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4F97FE05FF66B59B" box="[164,251,391,415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[108,149,1497,1518]" captionTargetBox="[109,1212,224,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-106@43.[108,1212,224,1471]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 21. Images showing the ventral surface of the hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the four members of the Rhoditis Group: A, Crocidura australis, MVZ 237610 (right hind foot); B, C. pallida, FMNH 210582 (left hind foot); C, C. pseudorhoditis, LSUMZ 39040 (right hind foot); and D, C. rhoditis, LSUMZ 39296 (left hind foot). Scale bars represent 5 mm. When two scale bars are present in a panel, the upper applies to the foot and the lower to the tail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788871/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 21B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and a somewhat pale ventral side of the tail. The tail is shorter than the head-andbody length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4FCDFE4BFEAAB5E5" box="[254,311,457,481]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B5012AE93C4E77FE4BFE0DB5E5" box="[324,400,457,481]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="25.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1184,329,1682]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 2 Descriptive Statisticsa for External Measurements (mm) and Mass (g) for Species of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" tableUuid="DF5C52860100E9164D51FF60FBE5B523">table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). The dorsal pelage is gray to gray-brown while the ventral pelage is pale gray. The pinna and the dorsal side of the tail match the dorsal pelage, but the dorsal side of the feet are distinctly paler. The dorsal surface of the hand is nearly white, but some pigment is present near the wrist. The hind feet show a similar pattern but are modestly darker. Ventrally, the feet are also pale, especially on the digits, which are usually white. The darkest parts of the hind foot are usually the thenar and hypothenar pads (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4D68FC96FF00B749" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[108,149,1497,1518]" captionTargetBox="[109,1212,224,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-106@43.[108,1212,224,1471]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 21. Images showing the ventral surface of the hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the four members of the Rhoditis Group: A, Crocidura australis, MVZ 237610 (right hind foot); B, C. pallida, FMNH 210582 (left hind foot); C, C. pseudorhoditis, LSUMZ 39040 (right hind foot); and D, C. rhoditis, LSUMZ 39296 (left hind foot). Scale bars represent 5 mm. When two scale bars are present in a panel, the upper applies to the foot and the lower to the tail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788871/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 21B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The pads of the forefeet are rarely pigmented. Tail bristles are sparse to nearly absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4F47FCF5FF4CB78B" box="[116,209,887,911]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[108,149,1497,1518]" captionTargetBox="[109,1212,224,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-106@43.[108,1212,224,1471]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 21. Images showing the ventral surface of the hind foot and dorsal surfaces of the tail base (approximately 1 cm from rump) and tail tip from the four members of the Rhoditis Group: A, Crocidura australis, MVZ 237610 (right hind foot); B, C. pallida, FMNH 210582 (left hind foot); C, C. pseudorhoditis, LSUMZ 39040 (right hind foot); and D, C. rhoditis, LSUMZ 39296 (left hind foot). Scale bars represent 5 mm. When two scale bars are present in a panel, the upper applies to the foot and the lower to the tail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788871" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788871/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 21B</figureCitation>
|
||
), extending along no more than the proximal third of the tail length. The tail varies from uniformly colored to moderately bicolored with a paler ventral side. The skull is typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4F5FFC79FF4BB017" box="[108,214,1019,1043]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4F5FFC79FF4BB017" box="[108,214,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">Crocidura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of this size. The braincase is generally rounded, but a subtle lateral point is evident at the mastoid region when viewed from a dorsal aspect (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4FF5FBDCFEBAB073" box="[198,295,1118,1143]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="50.[108,148,1282,1303]" captionTargetBox="[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetId="figure-158@50.[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIG. 24. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary of two members of the Rhoditis Group: A, Crocidura australis, MVZ 237610 and B, C. pallida, FMNH 210607." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788877/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 24B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The braincase is somewhat inflated dorsoventrally, and it is wide relative to skull length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4E34FB22FEFBB0BD" box="[263,358,1184,1209]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="50.[108,148,1282,1303]" captionTargetBox="[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetId="figure-158@50.[110,1208,224,1256]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIG. 24. Images showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral and occlusal views of the dentary of two members of the Rhoditis Group: A, Crocidura australis, MVZ 237610 and B, C. pallida, FMNH 210607." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788877/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 24B</figureCitation>
|
||
), as are the interorbital region and rostrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4E6AFB40FE3EB0DE" box="[345,419,1218,1242]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A137B5012AE93C4E82FB40FE63B0DE" box="[433,510,1218,1242]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="42.[610,690,226,250]" captionTargetBox="[119,1176,329,1110]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 7 Descriptive Statisticsa for Craniodental Measurements (mm) for Species of the Rhoditis Group of Sulawesi Crocidura" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C52860133E9254D51FF60FB27B523" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" tableUuid="DF5C52860133E9254D51FF60FB27B523">table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
). The wide interorbital region gives the maxillary process a relatively weak appearance. In some individuals, the nasal passage is particularly inflated and laterally bulging, further obscuring the maxillary process. The rostrum is somewhat long, relative to skull length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4FC4FA0AFEA0B1A4" box="[247,317,1416,1440]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). The maxillary bridge is usually narrow, with an anteriorly placed lacrimal foramen. The posterior portion of the hard palate is narrow, sandwiched between broad molars.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185012AE93C4FBFF98EFBB0B7F6" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E012AE93C4FBFF98EFBB0B7F6" blockId="51.[108,639,226,1738]" lastBlockId="51.[684,1215,226,1738]" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">
|
||
COMPARISONS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4E0EF98EFD9CB220" box="[317,513,1548,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4E0EF98EFD9CB220" box="[317,513,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">Crocidura pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4F9BF9ACFE83B241" authorityName="Esselstyn et al., 2019:" authorityYear="1716" box="[168,286,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4F9BF9ACFE83B241" box="[168,286,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. rhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4E1DF9ACFE72B241" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[302,495,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudorhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4E1DF9ACFE72B241" box="[302,495,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. pseudorhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4ECCF9ACFDE8B241" authorityName="Miller and Hollister" authorityYear="1921" box="[511,629,1582,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4ECCF9ACFDE8B241" box="[511,629,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and members of the Elongata Subgroup and Thick-Tailed Group. It is considerably larger than all members of the Small-Bodied Group and somewhat larger than all members the Ordinary Group except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4C78FF60FC21B4FD" authorityName="Miller and Hollister" authorityYear="1921" box="[843,956,226,249]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4C78FF60FC21B4FD" box="[843,956,226,249]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In absolute terms and relative to head-and-body length, the tail length is comparable to members of the Ordinary, Thick-Tailed, and Rhoditis groups, but substantially shorter than in all members of the Long- Tailed Group and considerably longer than in any member of the Small-Bodied Group (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4B46FE2AFB33B5C4" box="[1141,1198,424,448]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Outside of the Rhoditis Group, most species have much darker feet than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4CCFFE69FBF7B606" box="[1020,1130,490,514]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4CCFFE69FBF7B606" box="[1020,1130,490,514]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4C3BFD8EFC39B627" box="[776,932,523,547]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caudipilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4C3BFD8EFC39B627" box="[776,932,523,547]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. caudipilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4CD1FD8EFB01B627" box="[994,1180,523,547]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microelongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4CD1FD8EFB01B627" box="[994,1180,523,547]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. microelongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the Long-Tailed Group,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4C8AFDAFFBA8B640" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[953,1077,556,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="normalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4C8AFDAFFBA8B640" box="[953,1077,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. normalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4B77FDAFFB2BB640" authorityName="Ruedi" authorityYear="1995" box="[1092,1206,557,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="musseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4B77FDAFFB2BB640" box="[1092,1206,557,580]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. musseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4DD1FDCCFCC6B661" authorityName="Miller and Hollister" authorityYear="1921" box="[738,859,590,613]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4DD1FDCCFCC6B661" box="[738,859,590,613]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. nigripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the Ordinary Group, both Thick-Tailed Group members, and all members of the Small-Bodied Group except
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4B16FD12FBF4B6A3" box="[1061,1129,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4B16FD12FBF8B6A3" authorityName="Miller and Hollister" authorityYear="1921" box="[1061,1125,655,679]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lea">C. lea</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Within the Rhoditis Group,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4CB9FD33FC6CB6CC" box="[906,1009,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4CB9FD33FC6CB6CC" box="[906,1009,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller in absolute measurements (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4CA3FD50FC51B6EE" box="[912,972,722,746]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[108,150,1587,1608]" captionTargetBox="[137,1192,224,1561]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@24.[203,1191,224,1433]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 9. Box plots showing variation in external measurements from all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are grouped according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick- Tailed Group). All measurements in mm. HBL = head-and-body length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788853/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
) and more delicately built than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4C12FD71FC0FB70F" authorityName="Esselstyn et al., 2019:" authorityYear="1716" box="[801,914,755,779]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4C12FD71FC0FB70F" box="[801,914,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. rhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4CFEFD71FB15B70F" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[973,1160,755,779]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudorhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4CFEFD71FB15B70F" box="[973,1160,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. pseudorhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4BAAFD71FD55B728" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="37.[107,149,993,1014]" captionTargetBox="[134,1190,224,965]" captionTargetId="graphics-291@37.[206,1189,224,845]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIG. 17. Box plots showing the length of the hind foot (HF) relative to the head-and-body length (HBL) and the ratio of mass to HBL. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered along the x-axis according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group). Lengths are in mm and mass is in grams." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788865/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
); it is paler with a relatively narrower braincase and interorbital region than the otherwise similarly proportioned
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4CF9FCD4FBCEB76A" box="[970,1107,854,878]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4CF9FCD4FBCEB76A" box="[970,1107,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Rostral length makes up a smaller proportion of skull length (RL/CIL) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4CB8FC1AFC6BB7B4" box="[907,1014,920,944]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4CB8FC1AFC6BB7B4" box="[907,1014,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4B97FC1AFC9DB7D5" authorityName="Esselstyn et al., 2019:" authorityYear="1716" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4B97FC1AFC9DB7D5" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. rhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4C02FC3BFC68B7D5" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[817,1013,953,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pseudorhoditis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4C02FC3BFC68B7D5" box="[817,1013,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. pseudorhoditis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but this trait is comparable in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4C62FC59FC57B7F6" box="[849,970,986,1010]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4C62FC59FC57B7F6" box="[849,970,986,1010]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4CEBFC58FBBDB7F6" box="[984,1056,986,1010]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,150,1414,1435]" captionTargetId="graphics-12@26.[213,1196,224,1265]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 10. Box plots of relative skull measures showing braincase breadth (BB), interorbital width (IOW), and rostral length (RL) divided by condyloincisive length (CIL) and BB divided by IOW for all species of Sulawesi shrew. Plots show the median, 1st and 3rd quartiles, the maximum value within 1.5 × interquartile range (distance between 1st and 3rd quartiles; IQR), the minimum value within 1.5 × IQR, and outliers (black circles). Sample sizes are shown along the x-axis. Species are ordered according to the species groups used in the text (Thick = Thick-Tailed Group)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789149/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185012AE93B4DFFFC79FF51B70F" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E012AE93C4DFFFC79FC12B1A4" blockId="51.[684,1215,226,1738]" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">
|
||
COMMENTS: Substantial mitochondrial genetic divergence is evident between populations from Mt. Katopasa, Mt. Tompotika, and the remaining sites (up to 0.089 Jukes-Cantor distance;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4C2BFBFDFCCEB09C" box="[792,851,1151,1176]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[109,149,1509,1530]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@16.[133,929,224,1532]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 4. Maximum-likelihood estimate of the gene tree of Sulawesi Crocidura derived from an alignment of 851 individuals and 1111 characters from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. Bootstrap support is shown along branches. Clades corresponding to species are collapsed for ease of presentation. Tips are labeled with the species name, the number of tips (T), and number of localities (L), as labeled in figure 1, and the maximum intraspecific (MI) Jukes-Cantor distance calculated from a reduced alignment. Two species are paraphyletic and their respective, within-clade MI values are shown separately. For species described by Miller and Hollister (1921), the holotype or paratypes are included for C. elongata, C. lea, and C. rhoditis. Branch lengths between C. nigripes and other taxa are shortened for presentation. See supplementary data S2 for the full tree." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789143/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
; supplementary data S3). However, these populations form a cohesive set of morphological specimens, form a clade in our phylogenetic analyses of nuclear genes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4B42FB61FB25B0FE" box="[1137,1208,1251,1275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[108,149,1653,1674]" captionTargetBox="[209,1136,226,1678]" captionTargetId="graphics-38@20.[180,704,233,1669]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 7. Estimated species tree from analysis of 3940 ultraconserved element loci in ASTRAL. Samples from Sulawesi are labeled with the species name, locality, and catalog number. Asterisks indicate type specimens from Miller and Hollister (1921). Local posterior probabilities <0.95 are shown. Tip branch lengths are arbitrary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789145/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012AE93C4D9FFA86FD27B118" box="[684,698,1284,1308]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[108,150,1639,1660]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@22.[124,845,235,1694]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 8. Estimated phylogenetic relationships from a maximum likelihood analysis of 983 concatenated ultraconserved elements. Samples from Sulawesi are labeled with the species name, locality, and catalog number. Asterisks indicate type specimens from Miller and Hollister (1921). Ultrafast bootstrap values <95 are shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789147/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">8</figureCitation>
|
||
; supplementary data S6), and all of the mitochondrial variation is partitioned geographically (i.e., no sympatry between divergent mitochondrial clades). We therefore did not divide them further.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E012AE93B4DFEFA28FECEB606" blockId="51.[684,1215,226,1738]" lastBlockId="52.[107,638,226,1209]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">
|
||
We identified a single specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4B60FA2BFD6BB1E6" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4B60FA2BFD6BB1E6" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">Crocidura pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Mt. Latimojong (MVZ 237618), a locality where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4C7FFA6EFC39B207" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[844,932,1515,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4C7FFA6EFC39B207" box="[844,932,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. solita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is abundant. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4B96FA6EFD68B220" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4B96FA6EFD68B220" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is slightly larger, these two can be difficult to distinguish. As such, it is possible that this specimen is a slightly large individual of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4B56F9CDFB20B262" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[1125,1213,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4B56F9CDFB20B262" box="[1125,1213,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. solita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with mtDNA introgressed from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012AE93C4B0CF9F2FB28B283" box="[1087,1205,1647,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012AE93C4B0CF9F2FB28B283" box="[1087,1205,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="51">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Unfortunately, we did not obtain nuclear loci (exons or UCEs) from this specimen and there- fore cannot test for introgression. Contamination of this cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4E09FE81FEDAB51F" box="[314,327,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequence is unlikely because it is unique in our alignment. We favor the hypothesis that MVZ 237618 is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012DE93B4D35FEC7FDE6B559" box="[518,635,325,349]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4D35FEC7FDE6B559" box="[518,635,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because its cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4E59FEE4FEEAB57A" box="[362,375,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequence differs slightly from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012DE93B4F9AFE05FE8FB59B" box="[169,274,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4F9AFE05FE8FB59B" box="[169,274,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequences from nearby localities (i.e., Mts. Gandang Dewata and Balease) and phenotypically, it is nearer the averages for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012DE93B4D57FE4BFF2BB606" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4D57FE4BFF2BB606" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012DE93B4FC4FE69FED3B606" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[247,334,490,514]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4FC4FE69FE9AB606" box="[247,263,491,514]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4E26FE68FED3B606" box="[277,334,490,514]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">solita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E012DE93B4FBFFD89FF51B70F" blockId="52.[107,638,226,1209]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Phylogenetic estimates were not consistent regarding the relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012DE93B4E88FDAEFDE8B640" box="[443,629,556,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4E88FDAEFDE8B640" box="[443,629,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Crocidura pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Our mitochondrial gene trees put it as sister to a clade of Small-Bodied species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012DE93B4EE4FDEDFDEBB682" box="[471,630,622,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caudipilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4EE4FDEDFDEBB682" box="[471,630,622,646]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C. caudipilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012DE93B4FA9FD12FE89B6A3" authorityName="Esselstyn & Achmadi & Handika & Swanson & Giarla & Rowe" authorityYear="2021" box="[154,276,655,679]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="normalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4FA9FD12FE89B6A3" box="[154,276,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C. normalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012DE93B4E12FD0DFEFFB6AC" box="[289,354,655,680]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[109,149,1509,1530]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@16.[133,929,224,1532]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 4. Maximum-likelihood estimate of the gene tree of Sulawesi Crocidura derived from an alignment of 851 individuals and 1111 characters from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. Bootstrap support is shown along branches. Clades corresponding to species are collapsed for ease of presentation. Tips are labeled with the species name, the number of tips (T), and number of localities (L), as labeled in figure 1, and the maximum intraspecific (MI) Jukes-Cantor distance calculated from a reduced alignment. Two species are paraphyletic and their respective, within-clade MI values are shown separately. For species described by Miller and Hollister (1921), the holotype or paratypes are included for C. elongata, C. lea, and C. rhoditis. Branch lengths between C. nigripes and other taxa are shortened for presentation. See supplementary data S2 for the full tree." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789143/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012DE93B4E5FFD0DFEE6B6A3" box="[364,379,655,679]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[108,150,1596,1617]" captionTargetBox="[111,1203,227,1567]" captionTargetId="graphics-32@18.[111,872,237,1559]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 5. Maximum likelihood estimate of the mitochondrial gene tree derived from an analysis of 14,007 characters (representing protein-coding and rRNA genes) from 83 samples. Bootstrap support values <95 are shown at nodes. Tips are labeled with the species, locality, and voucher number." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5788845/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, our nuclearbased inferences placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C23798D012DE93B4E4AFD33FE7EB6CC" box="[377,483,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B957DE1C012DE93B4E4AFD33FE7EB6CC" box="[377,483,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C. pallida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as part of the large basal polytomy (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012DE93B4E5BFD50FE32B6ED" box="[360,431,722,746]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[108,149,1653,1674]" captionTargetBox="[209,1136,226,1678]" captionTargetId="graphics-38@20.[180,704,233,1669]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 7. Estimated species tree from analysis of 3940 ultraconserved element loci in ASTRAL. Samples from Sulawesi are labeled with the species name, locality, and catalog number. Asterisks indicate type specimens from Miller and Hollister (1921). Local posterior probabilities <0.95 are shown. Tip branch lengths are arbitrary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789145/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13181E8B012DE93B4E8EFD50FE56B6EE" box="[445,459,722,746]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[108,150,1639,1660]" captionTargetId="graphics-9@22.[124,845,235,1694]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 8. Estimated phylogenetic relationships from a maximum likelihood analysis of 983 concatenated ultraconserved elements. Samples from Sulawesi are labeled with the species name, locality, and catalog number. Asterisks indicate type specimens from Miller and Hollister (1921). Ultrafast bootstrap values <95 are shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5789147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5789147/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8</figureCitation>
|
||
; supplementary data S6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3395185012DE93B4FBFFC96FE48B0BD" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C020E012DE93B4FBFFC96FE48B0BD" blockId="52.[107,638,226,1209]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853012DE93B4FBFFC96FDE6B749" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079330" accessionNumber="MZB 43004, MZB 34872, C40187, C40192, C40199, C40206, C40214, C40217, C40307, Z56723, Z62366, Z61754, Z62414, MSB 93256, C40307" collectionCode="SPECIMENS, EXAMINED, MZB, NMV, MSB" county="Mt. Torompupu" location="Mt. Balease" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="FMNH 210580-210592, 210608, 210609, MZB 43004" specimenCount="1">
|
||
SPECIMENS EXAMINED:
|
||
<location id="8EFC54D5012DE93B4EA5FC96FD85B728" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180128E93B4C3BFA4AFE48B0BD:8EFC54D5012DE93B4EA5FC96FD85B728" box="[406,536,788,812]" county="Mt. Torompupu" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" name="Mt. Balease" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Mt. Balease</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4D19FC96FE86B749" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">FMNH 210580–210592</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E1AFCB7FEE7B749" box="[297,378,821,845]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">210608</specimenCode>
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||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4EBBFCB7FE44B749" box="[392,473,821,845]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">210609</specimenCode>
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||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4ED4FCB7FDEDB749" box="[487,624,821,845]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">MZB 43004</specimenCode>
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||
),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853012DE93B4F5FFCD4FDD0B78B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079392" accessionNumber="MZB 43004, MZB 34872, C40187, C40192, C40199, C40206, C40214, C40217, C40307, Z56723, Z62366, Z61754, Z62414, MSB 93256, C40307" collectionCode="SPECIMENS, EXAMINED, MZB, NMV, MSB" county="Mt. Torompupu" location="Mt. Gandang Dewata" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="FMNH 218687-218702, 218989, MZB 34872, 34886, 34888, 34889" specimenCount="1">
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||
<location id="8EFC54D5012DE93B4F5FFCD4FEC0B769" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180128E93B4C3BFA4AFE48B0BD:8EFC54D5012DE93B4F5FFCD4FEC0B769" box="[108,349,854,878]" county="Mt. Torompupu" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" name="Mt. Gandang Dewata" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Mt. Gandang Dewata</location>
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||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E5DFCD4FDE5B76A" box="[366,632,854,878]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">FMNH 218687–218702</specimenCode>
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||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4F5FFCF5FF20B78B" box="[108,189,887,911]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">218989</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4FFAFCF5FED2B78B" box="[201,335,887,911]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">MZB 34872</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E68FCF5FE02B78B" box="[347,415,887,911]" collectionCode="MZB" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">34886</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E9FFCF5FE6DB78B" box="[428,496,887,911]" collectionCode="MZB" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">34888</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4ECFFCF5FDDFB78B" box="[508,578,887,911]" collectionCode="MZB" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">34889</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853012DE93B4D65FCF5FDA8B7B4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079425" accessionNumber="MZB 43004, MZB 34872, C40187, C40192, C40199, C40206, C40214, C40217, C40307, Z56723, Z62366, Z61754, Z62414, MSB 93256, C40307" collectionCode="SPECIMENS, EXAMINED, MZB, NMV, MSB" county="Mt. Torompupu" location="Mt. Katopasa" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="LSUMZ 39527, 39529-39538" specimenCount="1">
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||
<location id="8EFC54D5012DE93B4D65FCF5FF4CB7B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180128E93B4C3BFA4AFE48B0BD:8EFC54D5012DE93B4D65FCF5FF4CB7B4" county="Mt. Torompupu" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" name="Mt. Katopasa" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Mt. Katopasa</location>
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||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4FD0FC1AFE10B7B4" box="[227,397,920,944]" collectionCode="LSUMZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ew6z-dwdm" name="Louisiana State University, Musuem of Zoology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">LSUMZ 39527</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4EAFFC1AFDACB7B4" box="[412,561,920,944]" collectionCode="LSUMZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ew6z-dwdm" name="Louisiana State University, Musuem of Zoology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">39529–39538</specimenCode>
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;
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</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853012DE93B4D73FC1BFE30B017" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079433" accessionNumber="MZB 43004, MZB 34872, C40187, C40192, C40199, C40206, C40214, C40217, C40307, Z56723, Z62366, Z61754, Z62414, MSB 93256, C40307" collectionCode="SPECIMENS, EXAMINED, MZB, NMV, MSB" county="Mt. Torompupu" location="Mt. Balease" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="MVZ 238115-238118, NMV C40187, C40192, C40199, C40206, C40214, C40217, C40307, Z56723, Z62366, Z61754, Z62414" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4D73FC1BFE8AB7D5" collectionCode="MVZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34777" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34777" name="Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">MVZ 238115–238118</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E12FC38FE26B7D5" box="[289,443,953,977]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">NMV C40187</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4EF6FC3BFD84B7D5" box="[453,537,953,977]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C40192</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4D10FC3BFDE5B7D5" box="[547,632,953,977]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C40199</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4F5FFC58FF59B7F6" box="[108,196,986,1010]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C40206</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4FEAFC58FEAFB7F6" box="[217,306,986,1010]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C40214</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E75FC58FE02B7F6" box="[326,415,986,1010]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C40217</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E87FC58FD91B7F6" box="[436,524,986,1010]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">C40307</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4D12FC58FDEAB7F6" box="[545,631,986,1010]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Z56723</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4F5FFC79FF59B017" box="[108,196,1019,1043]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Z62366</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4FE9FC79FEAFB017" box="[218,306,1019,1043]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Z61754</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E74FC79FE3CB017" box="[327,417,1019,1043]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Z62414</specimenCode>
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||
),
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853012DE93B4E8CFC7EFE80B030" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079429" accessionNumber="MZB 43004, MZB 34872, C40187, C40192, C40199, C40206, C40214, C40217, C40307, Z56723, Z62366, Z61754, Z62414, MSB 93256, C40307" collectionCode="SPECIMENS, EXAMINED, MZB, NMV, MSB" county="Mt. Torompupu" location="Mt. Latimojong" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="MVZ 237618" specimenCount="1">
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||
<location id="8EFC54D5012DE93B4E8CFC7EFDE6B017" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180128E93B4C3BFA4AFE48B0BD:8EFC54D5012DE93B4E8CFC7EFDE6B017" box="[447,635,1019,1043]" county="Mt. Torompupu" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" name="Mt. Latimojong" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Mt. Latimojong</location>
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||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4F40FB9EFE8CB030" box="[115,273,1052,1076]" collectionCode="MVZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34777" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34777" name="Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">MVZ 237618</specimenCode>
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),
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853012DE93B4E1AFB9FFF61B073" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079360" accessionNumber="MZB 43004, MZB 34872, C40187, C40192, C40199, C40206, C40214, C40217, C40307, Z56723, Z62366, Z61754, Z62414, MSB 93256, C40307" collectionCode="SPECIMENS, EXAMINED, MZB, NMV, MSB" county="Mt. Torompupu" location="Mt. Mekongga" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="MWFB 8059, 8115, 8125, 8139, 8150, 8161, 8162, 8195, 8196, 8438, 8439" specimenCount="1">
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<location id="8EFC54D5012DE93B4E1AFB9FFE53B030" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180128E93B4C3BFA4AFE48B0BD:8EFC54D5012DE93B4E1AFB9FFE53B030" box="[297,462,1052,1076]" county="Mt. Torompupu" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" name="Mt. Mekongga" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Mt. Mekongga</location>
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||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4ED2FB9EFDE5B030" box="[481,632,1052,1076]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">MWFB 8059</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4F5FFBBFFF3FB051" box="[108,162,1085,1109]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8115</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4F9CFBBFFF78B051" box="[175,229,1085,1109]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8125</specimenCode>
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,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4FC1FBBFFEB5B051" box="[242,296,1085,1109]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8139</specimenCode>
|
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,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E06FBBFFEF6B051" box="[309,363,1085,1109]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8150</specimenCode>
|
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,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E4BFBBFFE33B051" box="[376,430,1085,1109]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8161</specimenCode>
|
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,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E88FBBFFE6CB051" box="[443,497,1085,1109]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8162</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4ECDFBBFFDA9B051" box="[510,564,1085,1109]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8195</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4D71FBBFFDE5B051" box="[578,632,1085,1109]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8196</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4F5FFBDDFF39B073" box="[108,164,1119,1143]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8438</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4F84FBDDFF6CB073" box="[183,241,1119,1143]" collectionCode="MWFB" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zag7-g77c" name="University of California, Davis, Museum of Wildlife and Fisheries Biology" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">8439</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853012DE93B4E38FBDCFF21B093" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079377" accessionNumber="MZB 43004, MZB 34872, C40187, C40192, C40199, C40206, C40214, C40217, C40307, Z56723, Z62366, Z61754, Z62414, MSB 93256, C40307" collectionCode="SPECIMENS, EXAMINED, MZB, NMV, MSB" county="Mt. Torompupu" location="Rindingallo" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="MSB 93256" specimenCount="1">
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<location id="8EFC54D5012DE93B4E38FBDCFE0CB072" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180128E93B4C3BFA4AFE48B0BD:8EFC54D5012DE93B4E38FBDCFE0CB072" box="[267,401,1118,1142]" county="Mt. Torompupu" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" name="Rindingallo" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Rindingallo</location>
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,
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<location id="8EFC54D5012DE93B4E90FBDDFDB3B072" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AB3180128E93B4C3BFA4AFE48B0BD:8EFC54D5012DE93B4E90FBDDFDB3B072" box="[419,558,1118,1142]" county="Mt. Torompupu" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" name="Tana Toraja" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Tana Toraja</location>
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(
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<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4D77FBDDFF2CB093" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">MSB 93256</specimenCode>
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),
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853012DE93B4FF2FB02FDE1B093" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079343" accessionNumber="MZB 43004, MZB 34872, C40187, C40192, C40199, C40206, C40214, C40217, C40307, Z56723, Z62366, Z61754, Z62414, MSB 93256, C40307" box="[193,636,1151,1176]" collectionCode="SPECIMENS, EXAMINED, MZB, NMV, MSB" county="Mt. Torompupu" location="Mt. Tompotika" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="FMNH 213366-213369" specimenCount="1">
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF89874012DE93B4FF2FB02FEFCB093" box="[193,353,1151,1175]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Mt. Tompotika</collectingMunicipality>
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(
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||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E5DFB02FDECB093" box="[366,625,1151,1176]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" type="Museum">FMNH 213366–213369</specimenCode>
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),
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</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B4B0853012DE93B4F58FB23FE4CB0BD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421079415" accessionNumber="MZB 43004, MZB 34872, C40187, C40192, C40199, C40206, C40214, C40217, C40307, Z56723, Z62366, Z61754, Z62414, MSB 93256, C40307" box="[107,465,1185,1209]" collectionCode="SPECIMENS, EXAMINED, MZB, NMV, MSB" county="Mt. Torompupu" location="Mt. Torompupu" municipality="Mt. Tompotika" pageId="52" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="NMV C40307" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCounty id="62FD7A82012DE93B4F58FB23FE84B0BC" box="[107,281,1185,1208]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">Mt. Torompupu</collectingCounty>
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||
(
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||
<specimenCode id="DB85AA75012DE93B4E1BFB23FE57B0BD" box="[296,458,1185,1209]" pageId="52" pageNumber="52">NMV C40307</specimenCode>
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)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |