210 lines
22 KiB
XML
210 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1D5CBBBBF136253CA220226E69530683">Atlas of European millipedes 2: Order Julida (Class Diplopoda)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="290E56F094BDB910102AC853DEB47E21">Kime, Richard Desmond</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0ECEE78D5CEA501A8B087E043F22210A">Email: deskime 2 @ aol. com & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 847 CC 68 F- 00 BF- 4 DAB- 8 E 53 - B 7 A 3384 D 66 C 1</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="75A3E35B324DAE199E5C9FC25C082EE2" type="email">deskime2@aol.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8A1618B1DD680BAC19C73F3C2E891956">Enghoff, Henrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F651CF15D2E2BC07C27F76294450FD86" type="email">henghoff@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="1A12BE2455FA92BEC97F68FE6A6CA61B">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="219983047D49C67123EA7415B032419F">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AFC713F37C20A9213EC08F869177888E">2017-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5B76A4CA6AA1B396DFD25964B70B046C">346</mods:number>
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<treatment id="AE61D913FF97FFF0FE5F4A93FEF3F917" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3866888" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164393999" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3866888" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE61D913FF97FFF0FE5F4A93FEF3F917" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE61D913FF97FFF0FE5F4A93FEF3F917" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="6ED23B8EFF97FFF0FE5F4A93FBCCFE03" box="[498,1089,449,476]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FE5F4A93FBCCFE03" blockId="54.[498,1089,449,476]" box="[498,1089,449,476]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="7D3FDF69FF97FFF0FE5F4A93FBCCFE03" box="[498,1089,449,476]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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116.
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<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF97FFF0FD814A93FBCCFE03" ID-CoL="3338R" authority="(Wood, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Wood" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[556,1089,449,476]" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Cylindroiulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleocinctus">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FD814A93FC15FE03" bold="true" box="[556,920,449,476]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cylindroiulus caeruleocinctus</emphasis>
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(Wood, 1864)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6ED23B8EFF97FFF0FF104AA9FDA7FD7D" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF104AA9FDDBFDCA" blockId="54.[189,915,507,674]" box="[189,598,507,533]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="06D84F2BFF97FFF0FF104AA9FDDBFDCA" box="[189,598,507,533]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitation id="A7694E14FF97FFF0FF104AA9FDDBFDCA" box="[189,598,507,533]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF97FFF0FF104AA9FDDFFDCA" ID-CoL="6NBZM" authority="Wood, 1864" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1864" box="[189,594,507,533]" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Iulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleocinctus">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FF104AA9FE34FDCA" box="[189,441,507,533]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Iulus caeruleocinctus</emphasis>
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Wood, 1864
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF10494CFDA4FDE7" blockId="54.[189,915,507,674]" box="[189,553,542,568]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="06D84F2BFF97FFF0FF10494CFDA4FDE7" box="[189,553,542,568]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitation id="A7694E14FF97FFF0FF10494CFDA4FDE7" box="[189,553,542,568]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF97FFF0FF10494CFDA8FDE7" ID-CoL="7WSNB" authority="Pocock, 1900" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1900" box="[189,549,542,568]" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Julus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teutonicus">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FF10494CFEF6FDE7" box="[189,379,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Julus teutonicus</emphasis>
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Pocock, 1900
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF104913FC1EFD83" blockId="54.[189,915,507,674]" box="[189,915,577,604]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="06D84F2BFF97FFF0FF104913FC1EFD83" box="[189,915,577,604]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitation id="A7694E14FF97FFF0FF104913FC1EFD83" box="[189,915,577,604]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF97FFF0FF104913FC02FD83" ID-CoL="3338R" authority="Brade-Birks, 1922" authorityName="Brade-Birks" authorityYear="1922" box="[189,911,577,604]" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Cylindroiulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="londinensis" subSpecies="caeruleocinctus">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FF104913FD21FD84" box="[189,684,577,603]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cylindroiulus londinensis caeruleocinctus</emphasis>
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Brade-Birks, 1922
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF104937FD98FDA0" blockId="54.[189,915,507,674]" box="[189,533,613,639]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF97FFF0FF104937FE58FDA0" ID-CoL="7WSNB" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1900" box="[189,469,613,639]" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Julus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teutonicus">
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||
<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FF104937FE58FDA0" box="[189,469,613,639]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cylindroulus teutonicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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auct.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF1049DAFDA7FD7D" blockId="54.[189,915,507,674]" box="[189,554,648,674]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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||
<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF97FFF0FF1049DAFE66FD7D" ID-CoL="333B4" baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[189,491,648,674]" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Cylindroiulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="londinensis">
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||
<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FF1049DAFE66FD7D" box="[189,491,648,674]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cylindroiulus londinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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auct.
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6ED23B8EFF97FFF0FF104990FDF8FCAB" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF104990FEDBFD03" blockId="54.[189,342,706,732]" box="[189,342,706,732]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="7D3FDF69FF97FFF0FF104990FEDBFD03" bold="true" box="[189,342,706,732]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FF104990FEDBFD03" bold="true" box="[189,342,706,732]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Distribution</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF1049A3FDF8FCAB" blockId="54.[189,1399,752,884]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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AT, BE,
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FE8549A2FED9FCD5" box="[296,340,752,778]" name="Switzerland" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">CH</collectingCountry>
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, CZ, DE, DK-DEN, EE, ES-SPA, FI, FR-FRA, GB-GRB, GB-NI, HU, IE, IT-ITA, LT, LU, LV, NL, NO-NOR, PL, PT-POR, RU-KGD, RU-RUW, SE, UA. Widely distributed from
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FA9F4841FAFBFCF2" box="[1330,1398,787,813]" name="Georgia" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Iberia</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FF734865FEA1FC8E" box="[222,300,823,849]" name="Russia" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Russia</collectingCountry>
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but not south of the Alps and the Carpathians. Mainly Central Continental. – Also widely introduced into
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FEDA4808FE42FCAB" box="[375,463,858,884]" name="Canada" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Canada</collectingCountry>
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and the
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FD9E4808FDFCFCAB" box="[563,625,858,884]" name="United States of America" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6ED23B8EFF97FFF0FF1048C9FE5EFA30" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF1048C9FE90FC6A" blockId="54.[189,285,923,949]" box="[189,285,923,949]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="7D3FDF69FF97FFF0FF1048C9FE90FC6A" bold="true" box="[189,285,923,949]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FF1048C9FE90FC6A" bold="true" box="[189,285,923,949]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Habitat</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF104898FD86FAFE" blockId="54.[189,1399,970,1313]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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An abundant species in much of Central Europe, often dominant in open habitats, especially grassland, and characteristic of dry grassland on chalk and limestone in many regions. But it also occurs in hedges and small woods, though very rarely in forests. Common in parks, gardens, cemeteries, waste places and arable land, and over much of its range it is strongly synanthropic. Many large populations have been found in urban areas;
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<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF97FFF0FDAD4F05FD1EFBAE" author="Davis B. N. K." box="[512,659,1111,1137]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="15 - 24" refId="ref55874" refString="Davis B. N. K. 1979. The ground arthropods of London gardens. London Naturalist 58: 15 - 24." type="journal article" year="1979">Davis (1979</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF97FFF0FD0C4F05FD50FBAE" author="Davis B. N. K." box="[673,733,1111,1137]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref55898" refString="Davis B. N. K. 1982. Studies on the arthropod faunas of green urban ecosystems. In: Bornkamm R., Lee J. A. & Seaward M. R. D. (eds) Urban Ecology. Blackwell, Oxford." type="book" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
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) found it the commonest species to fall into pitfall traps in London, while
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<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF97FFF0FE364F28FDD3FB4B" author="Fairhurst C. P." box="[411,606,1146,1172]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref57361" refString="Fairhurst C. P. 1984. British Millipede Survey; 10, 000 Records for Great Britain. 50 Kilometre Square Maps and Habitat Information. University of Salford, Manchester." type="book" year="1984">Fairhurst (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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||
found the optimum habitat in the
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FBA04F28FB55FB4B" box="[1037,1240,1146,1172]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
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to be loamy agricultural soils. It may be found under wet leaves in parks and beside rivers in towns. While considered calcicole by many authors (e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF97FFF0FDEE4F92FD64FB05" author="Haacker U." box="[579,745,1216,1242]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="87 - 129" refId="ref57934" refString="Haacker U. 1968. Deskriptive, experimentelle und vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Autokologie rhein-mainischer Diplopoden. Oecologia 1: 87 - 129. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00377255" type="journal article" year="1968">Haacker 1968</bibRefCitation>
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||
found a strong preference for alkaline soils), there are records from other
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<typeStatus id="F973D6A7FF97FFF0FE0E4FB6FE6CFB21" box="[419,481,1252,1278]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">types</typeStatus>
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||
of soil. The same author indicated that its preferred foods were broadleaves, followed by grass and moss.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF104E1BFE5EFA30" blockId="54.[189,1399,1352,1519]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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It both hibernates and aestivates at some depth in the soil and shows a marked activity peak in the spring and a lesser one in the autumn. Principally a lowland species, found up to
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in
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<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FB474E39FAFBFA5A" box="[1258,1398,1387,1413]" name="Switzerland" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
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(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF97FFF0FF684EDCFE40FA76" author="Pedroli-Christen A." box="[197,461,1422,1449]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 245" refId="ref60791" refString="Pedroli-Christen A. 1993. Faunistique des mille-pattes de Suisse (Diplopoda). Documenta Faunistica Helvetiae 14: 1 - 245." type="journal article" year="1993">Pedroli-Christen 1993</bibRefCitation>
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||
) and on a xerorendzina with evergreen oaks (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF97FFF0FC5C4EDDFBDEFA76" box="[1009,1107,1423,1449]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FC5C4EDDFBDEFA76" box="[1009,1107,1423,1449]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Quercus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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) at
|
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and a pasture on brown earth at
|
||
<quantity id="E130C5E0FF97FFF0FE354EE0FE7FFA13" box="[408,498,1458,1484]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="1130.0">1130 m</quantity>
|
||
in the Spanish Pyrenees (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF97FFF0FC8A4EE0FC7EFA12" author="Serra A. & Vicente M. & Mateo E." box="[807,1011,1458,1485]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="187 - 204" refId="ref61297" refString="Serra A., Vicente M. & Mateo E. 1996. Etudes des communautes des myriapodes (Diplopoda et Chilopoda) des forets prepyreneennes (Huesca, Espagne). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle 169: 187 - 204." type="journal article" year="1996">
|
||
Serra
|
||
<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FCC24EE1FC26FA13" box="[879,939,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1996
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There are many records of this species attacking crops.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6ED23B8EFF97FFF0FF104D45FEF3F917" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF104D45FEA2F9EE" blockId="54.[189,303,1559,1585]" box="[189,303,1559,1585]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<heading id="7D3FDF69FF97FFF0FF104D45FEA2F9EE" bold="true" box="[189,303,1559,1585]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FF104D45FEA2F9EE" bold="true" box="[189,303,1559,1585]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="26776805FF97FFF0FF104D17FEF3F917" blockId="54.[189,1398,1605,1736]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
As can be seen from the synonyms there has been much confusion in the past as to the identity of this species (see, e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF97FFF0FE674D3AFDFFF95D" author="Mauries J. - P." box="[458,626,1640,1666]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="444 - 449" refId="ref59842" refString="Mauries J. - P. 1964. Notes sur les diplopodes pyreneens. I. Les Cylindroiulus du sous-genre Bracheoiulus Verhoeff. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire naturelle de Toulouse 99: 444 - 449." type="journal article" year="1964">Mauriès 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="425915F4FF97FFF0FD2D4D3AFC9CF95C" author="David J. - F." box="[640,785,1640,1667]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="983 - 991" refId="ref55823" refString="David J. - F. 1995. Size criteria for the distinction between Cylindroiulus londinensis (Leach) and Cylindroiulus caeruleocinctus (Wood) (Diplopoda: Julidae). Journal of Natural History 29: 983 - 991. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939500770361" type="journal article" year="1995">David 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As a general rule all records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF97FFF0FB0B4D3BFACEF95D" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1900" box="[1190,1347,1641,1667]" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Julus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teutonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FB0B4D3BFACEF95D" box="[1190,1347,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">C. teutonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF97FFF0FE974DDEFE6FF97A" baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[314,482,1675,1702]" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Cylindroiulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="londinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FE974DDEFE6FF97A" box="[314,482,1675,1702]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">C. londinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from countries other than
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FCB44DD9FCD2F97A" box="[793,863,1675,1701]" name="Spain" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FCC74DDEFC30F979" box="[874,957,1676,1702]" name="France" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FC644DD9FB91F97A" box="[969,1052,1675,1701]" name="Ireland" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ireland</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5EDF2895FF97FFF0FBF94DD9FB63F97A" box="[1108,1262,1675,1701]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
|
||
relate to
|
||
<emphasis id="14BCB417FF97FFF0FAF14DDEFEF3F917" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1C81386FF97FFF0FAF14DDEFEF7F917" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1864" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Iulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Julida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleocinctus">C. caeruleocinctus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |