128 lines
17 KiB
XML
128 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="51C2C5E5651D8C9FFC633D9CB61E3369" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5497.2.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13618317" ID-ZooBank="B3C66D95-3585-4920-BE93-A44D33FB2FBB" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1725025887147" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Orr, Albert G. W." docDate="2024" docId="937387ADE03AD75DFF79EE66FA41FBA1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5497.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5497 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5497.2.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Caliphaea Hagen in Selys 1859" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="224" masterDocId="6F4AFFD5E035D752FFEEEC20FFCAFFDC" masterDocTitle="A review of present knowledge of larvae of the Calopterygoidea (Zygoptera) of the Oriental realm, including keys to families and known genera" masterLastPageNumber="243" masterPageNumber="209" pageNumber="224" updateTime="1731029118091" updateUser="admin" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="732D6DE30F055E405E1AED4EA6588AE6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="52E2A8C95C283D9B45590D81C3E64196">
|
||
<mods:title id="5772B59CBCBAE2E45A1CCD8069FE5025">A review of present knowledge of larvae of the Calopterygoidea (Zygoptera) of the Oriental realm, including keys to families and known genera</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="D67BAFC68E6ECED198941B39BBC08445" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="084E6188960B8330DD5DCBE17ADA400E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="04ED95ED1742EB0EA6917CA50B02C975">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BFF53E8D510E0F4195502B523BC3EB60">Orr, Albert G. W.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="672A32CADD38278F4DADCC306E46911F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="7DA2A74EF1C533E36D14CF96F10F9456" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="8BE3BDF8CB6B8C2171969EE0F7DF2CA6">
|
||
<mods:title id="4368B785985B409A96BB95CC6A2A4F93">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="824D618B12F4B842DEADE27BDED6D67C">
|
||
<mods:date id="BA3454B89C29B511B8FD037E80326FB6">2024</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="DB9178490DB7CA35FA4050C33F6136F3" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="0CEC093FAC785B0B22441944B29650B2">2024-08-23</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="23DB14BF9B646D0040AE64C235EC0B4B" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="0BAFEEA1F012F1C2222455FD6AB9D7D1">5497</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="0418AE2411CBB26FD2717F2CFD98E3EF" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="E845243E5C8AAFB6EA33379EAF9B3D68">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="7D45101019669DF9910526D7FB4B2EE8" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="1CA18F58BE531FFA9743C68B5283F548">209</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="EE77EA0D0F3285A58CBB9240DE370382">243</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="4C9BE1642A951FEB440AF88FDDB2CADD">
|
||
<mods:url id="D6789BF4C4C4ADDEC468E7303EF06429">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5497.2.3</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="33BC21BAD3C902634620F865CE108601">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="820C1C26B7AAC53F7800DD666601EB73" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5497.2.3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F03C378E7A131D57F66E9ED2E0ECAD85" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="17DF148F1908254E8F0CB16223041968" type="Zenodo-Dep">13618317</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3C1A3149F06C46F5A5F5AA537EAF3C6D" type="ZooBank">B3C66D95-3585-4920-BE93-A44D33FB2FBB</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="937387ADE03AD75DFF79EE66FA41FBA1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:937387ADE03AD75DFF79EE66FA41FBA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/937387ADE03AD75DFF79EE66FA41FBA1" lastPageNumber="224" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<subSubSection id="53C06530E03AD75DFF79EE66FEC7FDBD" box="[151,269,582,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B6536BBE03AD75DFF79EE66FEC7FDBD" blockId="15.[151,1437,582,1149]" box="[151,269,582,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<heading id="402D81D7E03AD75DFF79EE66FEC7FDBD" bold="true" box="[151,269,582,609]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCDA4D38E03AD75DFF79EE66FEC7FDBD" ID-CoL="3F9W" authorityName="Hagen in Selys" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,269,582,609]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Caliphaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="29AEEAA9E03AD75DFF79EE66FEC7FDBD" bold="true" box="[151,269,582,609]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Caliphaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="53C06530E03AD75DFF79EE4BFA41FBA1" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B6536BBE03AD75DFF79EE4BFA41FBA1" blockId="15.[151,1437,582,1149]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
|
||
The genus includes five species inhabiting mountainous regions from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63CD762BE03AD75DFC5FEE4BFC3EFD59" box="[945,1012,619,645]" name="Nepal" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
to north-east
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63CD762BE03AD75DFB7CEE4BFB04FD59" box="[1170,1230,619,645]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, south and central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63CD762BE03AD75DFF79EEAFFF17FD75" box="[151,221,655,681]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63CD762BE03AD75DFEBEEEAFFE75FD75" box="[336,447,655,681]" name="Myanmar" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63CD762BE03AD75DFE25EEAFFDFBFD75" box="[459,561,655,681]" name="Thailand" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63CD762BE03AD75DFDD0EEAFFDBEFD75" box="[574,628,655,681]" name="Laos" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63CD762BE03AD75DFD43EEAFFCDAFD75" box="[685,784,655,681]" name="Vietnam" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The stout, long-legged larva has been described in detail only for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCDA4D38E03AD75DFF16EE93FD8CFD11" authority="Hamalainen" authorityName="Hamalainen" authorityYear="2003" box="[248,582,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Caliphaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angka">
|
||
<emphasis id="29AEEAA9E03AD75DFF16EE93FE7DFD11" box="[248,439,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Caliphaea angka</emphasis>
|
||
Hämäläinen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F4B4B4AE03AD75DFDBAEE93FCD8FD11" author="Yang, G. - H. & Zhang, H. - M. & Orr, A. G." box="[596,786,691,717]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" pagination="276 - 284" refId="ref27918" refString="Yang, G. - H., Zhang, H. - M. & Orr, A. G. (2021) Descriptions of larvae of Caliphaea angka Hamalainen, 2003 and Mnais gregoryi Fraser, 1924 (Odonata: Calopterygidae). Zootaxa, 4926 (2), 276 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4926.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Yang
|
||
<emphasis id="29AEEAA9E03AD75DFD79EE93FD02FD11" box="[663,712,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and was collected at
|
||
<quantity id="DC229B5EE03AD75DFBE1EE93FBAEFD11" box="[1039,1124,691,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="2340.0">2340 m</quantity>
|
||
“in small sluggish montane streams, with numerous hydro-phytes”. Apart from its distinctive habitus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83E12A3EE03AD75DFC21EEF7FBEBFD2D" box="[975,1057,726,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–56. 52" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[191,1388,163,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[190,1397,151,1933]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 52–56. 52. Caliphaea angka, habitus (based on Yang et al. 2021). 53. Vestalis gracilis, habitus (redrawn from Rattanachan et al. 2022). 54. Neurobasis chinensis, habitus (original drawing). 55. Matrona basilaris, habitus (drawn from Wang et al. 2017). 56. Echo uniformis, habitus (redrawn from Lieftinck 1965)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618339/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
|
||
), with very short ovoid caudal gill bearing a row of 5–6 tubercles along the outer ridge, with the median gill much smaller and thin and membranous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83E12A3EE03AD75DFF71EF3FFF3FFCE5" box="[159,245,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–51. 42" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1592,1616]" captionTargetBox="[165,1413,192,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,181,1568]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 42–51. 42. Archineura incarnata: caudal gills; left lateral above, median below (drawn from Yang et al. 2022). 43. Echo modesta: caudal gills; left lateral above, median below, with baso-dorsal shield arrowed (original illustration). 44. Psolodesmus mandarinus, dorsal view of caudal gills, with baso-dorsal shield of median gill arrowed (redrawn from Matsuki & Lien 1978). 45. Mnais andersoni, left lateral caudal gill with upper margin of median gill visible; baso-dorsal shield of median gill arrowed (original illustration). 46. Mnais gregoryi: caudal gills; left lateral above, median below, with baso-dorsal shield arrowed (drawn from Yang et al. 2021). 47. Caliphaea angka: caudal gills; left lateral above, median below (drawn from Yang et al. 2021). 48. Matrona basilaris: caudal gills; left lateral above, median below (drawn from Wang et al. 2017). 49. Vestalaria venusta: caudal gills; left lateral above, median below (drawn from Wang et al. 2017). 50. Vestalis amoena group: caudal gills; left lateral above, median below (redrawn from Lieftinck 1965). 51. Vestalis melania: caudal gills; left lateral above, median below (redrawn from Guadalquiver et al. 2022)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618337/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
); the prementum is distinctive, with a very narrow deep median cleft and the lateral lobes well separated apically, and the scape of the antenna is less than half its total length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83E12A3EE03AD75DFC72EF63FC3AFC81" box="[924,1008,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–41. 35" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[257,1332,159,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[253,1335,153,1771]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 35–41. 35. Archineura incarnata, prementum (dorsal view, drawn from Yang et al. 2022). 36. Vestalis gracilis, prementum (dorsal view) and right antenna with supplementary antennomere between pedicel and scape (a) arrowed (redrawn from Rattanachan et al. 2022). 37. Vestalaria venusta: prementum (dorsal view) and right antenna (drawn from Wang et al. 2017). 38. Caliphaea angka: prementum (dorsal view) and right antenna (drawn from Yang et al. 2021). 39. Heliocypha biseriata, frontal view of labrum showing dorsal and ventral sections and ‘moustache’ of long, heavy setae on the latter (from Orr et al. 2024). 40. Heliocypha biseriata: details of labial palp in relation to prementum (a) dorsal view—base of movable hook dashed to reveal palpal lobe beneath and open base of premental median cleft arrowed, (b) frontal view, (c) inner view (from Orr et al. 2024). 41. Heliocypha biseriata, detail of fore tarsus with pectinate setae magnified (from Orr et al. 2024)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13618335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13618335/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
). The best-known species of the genus is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCDA4D38E03AD75DFF5CEF47FEB7FC5D" authority="Hagen" authorityName="Hagen" box="[178,381,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Caliphaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="29AEEAA9E03AD75DFF5CEF47FEE6FC5D" box="[178,300,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">C. confusa</emphasis>
|
||
Hagen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but the larva has not yet been formally described or illustrated, the purported description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F4B4B4AE03AD75DFF79EFABFEE4FC79" author="Fraser, F. C." box="[151,302,907,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" pagination="81 - 93" refId="ref23155" refString="Fraser, F. C. (1943) New oriental Odonata larvae. Proceedings of the Royal entomological society of London, Series B, 12, 81 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1943. tb 00749. x" type="journal article" year="1943">Fraser (1943)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
having been shown to be based on a misidentification (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F4B4B4AE03AD75DFC78EFABFBA0FC79" author="Orr, A. G. & Butler, S. G." box="[918,1130,907,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" pagination="155 - 168" refId="ref25814" refString="Orr, A. G. & Butler, S. G. (2024) A riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma: notes on an enigmatic larva collected in Nepal, with a reappraisal of Fraser's so called ' Caliphaea confusa ' larva from Meghalaya, India (Odonata: Calopterygidae). Odonatologica, 53, 155 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.60024 / odon. v 53 i 1 - 2. a 8" type="journal article" year="2024">Orr & Butler 2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Larva of this species have been collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63CD762BE03AD75DFEB1EF8FFE68FC15" box="[351,418,943,969]" name="Nepal" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
(S.G. Butler pers comm.), and its similarity to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCDA4D38E03AD75DFC54EF8FFBEAFC15" authorityName="Hamalainen" authorityYear="2003" box="[954,1056,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Caliphaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angka">
|
||
<emphasis id="29AEEAA9E03AD75DFC54EF8FFBEAFC15" box="[954,1056,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">C. angka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaves no doubt as to its identity, given that it is the only species of the genus in those localities. It differs slightly in the shape of the prementum and the outer caudal gills are slightly more elongate. The species in the genus are all closely related and all larvae are expected to have similar characters. In addition, I collected in 2003 a single mature specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCDA4D38E03AD75DFB07E83BFA94FBE9" authorityName="Hagen in Selys" authorityYear="1859" box="[1257,1374,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Caliphaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="29AEEAA9E03AD75DFB07E83BFA94FBE9" box="[1257,1374,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Caliphaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Doi Inthanon,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63CD762BE03AD75DFED9E81FFE51FB85" box="[311,411,1087,1113]" name="Thailand" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
at ca
|
||
<quantity id="DC229B5EE03AD75DFE34E81FFDEDFB85" box="[474,551,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300m</quantity>
|
||
which may be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCDA4D38E03AD75DFD21E81FFC1AFB85" authority="Asahina" authorityName="Asahina" authorityYear="1976" box="[719,976,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Caliphaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thailandica">
|
||
<emphasis id="29AEEAA9E03AD75DFD21E81FFCA4FB85" box="[719,878,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">C. thailandica</emphasis>
|
||
Asahina
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Orr unpublished data). It differs in some respects, notably general build, from Himalayan
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCDA4D38E03AD75DFD55E843FCF8FBA1" box="[699,818,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Caliphaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="29AEEAA9E03AD75DFD55E843FCF8FBA1" box="[699,818,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">C. confusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCDA4D38E03AD75DFC87E843FC07FBA1" authorityName="Hamalainen" authorityYear="2003" box="[873,973,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Caliphaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angka">
|
||
<emphasis id="29AEEAA9E03AD75DFC87E843FC07FBA1" box="[873,973,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">C. angka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but agrees with them in key characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |