182 lines
17 KiB
XML
182 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="A680C1260008DD786B62300DD6668761" ID-CLB-Dataset="58516" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6512484" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67b52095-db4b-43f8-a661-4aced0511111" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-77-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512484" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1651524980884" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2011" docId="03F5071399CFFF740371FE21FB0DF8D6" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_2_Bovidae_0444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Capricornis sumatraensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="703" masterDocId="FFCC7F6B994BFFF00316FF82FFEDFF81" masterDocTitle="Bovidae" masterLastPageNumber="779" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="703" updateTime="1699330398010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="480655D101DEE7D71557BFF1A836667C">
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<mods:title id="5CCE31476E6709A70E2BF92C978712B7">Bovidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7BB25A240FC6E57DA116FAE9B2BDABE8">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="EBAEEAE303AFDE058FCF43B8C73AA28B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3AA9286F266143906671ECC06B59460B">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="FC82AE08B9A71F5BD4EE18C222B341AB">2011</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="D3607711174F1FA433055B37C6879BA9" type="pubDate">2011-08-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="8497B76462C77E74221DDE5ED36927E2">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="F7C22F4E46BBB0DE517B4A73A5C232EF">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="474590BDFC2933C3812535CDC5DB3006">
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<mods:title id="9E3F0A6E923CCC67ABC6223E5CF29475">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals</mods:title>
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<mods:identifier id="72814211D464A65D1C161C85173E313F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6512484</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F5071399CFFF740371FE21FB0DF8D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6584081" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195659315" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6584081" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5071399CFFF740371FE21FB0DF8D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5071399CFFF740371FE21FB0DF8D6" lastPageNumber="703" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF740371FE21FF54FE50" box="[103,185,419,465]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740371FE21FF54FE50" blockId="132.[101,1069,419,542]" box="[103,185,419,465]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<heading id="D0AB016999CFFF740371FE21FF54FE50" box="[103,185,419,465]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<figureCitation id="1367AA8099CFFF740371FE21FF54FE50" box="[103,185,419,465]" captionStart="Plate 49: Bovidae" captionStartId="132.[100,130,3425,3450]" captionTargetBox="[12,2767,15,3638]" captionTargetPageId="131" captionText="220. Sumatran Serow (Capricornis sumatraensis), 221. Himalayan Serow (Capricornis thar), 222. White-maned Serow (Capricornis milneedwardsi), 223. Indochinese Serow (Capricornis maritimus), 224. Burmese Red Serow (Capricornis rubidus), 225. Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus), 226. Formosan Serow (Capricornis swinhoei), 227. Muskox (Ovibos moschatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512965" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512965/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">220.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF7403DCFE21FDCCFE50" box="[202,545,419,465]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF7403DCFE21FDCCFE50" blockId="132.[101,1069,419,542]" box="[202,545,419,465]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<heading id="D0AB016999CFFF7403DCFE21FDCCFE50" box="[202,545,419,465]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99CFFF7403DCFE21FDCCFE50" box="[202,545,419,465]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Sumatran Serow</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF74017EFE21FBC1FE50" box="[616,1068,419,465]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF74017EFE21FBC1FE50" blockId="132.[101,1069,419,542]" box="[616,1068,419,465]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<heading id="D0AB016999CFFF74017EFE21FBC1FE50" box="[616,1068,419,465]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699CFFF74017EFE21FBC1FE50" ID-CoL="QSFV" baseAuthorityName="Bechstein" baseAuthorityYear="1799" box="[616,1068,419,465]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Capricornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sumatraensis">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF74017EFE21FBC1FE50" box="[616,1068,419,465]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Capricornis sumatraensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF740370FE63FDEAFD9F" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740370FE63FC4BFE77" blockId="132.[101,1069,419,542]" box="[102,934,481,502]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<heading id="D0AB016999CFFF740370FE63FC4BFE77" box="[102,934,481,502]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF740370FE63FF5EFE77" bold="true" box="[102,179,481,502]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99CFFF7403AAFE63FE98FE77" box="[188,373,481,502]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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Serow
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<collectingRegion id="499878E799CFFF740212FE63FE98FE77" box="[260,373,481,502]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Selatan" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">de Sumatra</collectingRegion>
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF74029DFE63FE0BFE77" bold="true" box="[395,486,481,502]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99CFFF7402F9FE63FD6CFE77" box="[495,641,481,502]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Sumatra-Serau</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF740181FE63FD1FFE77" bold="true" box="[663,754,481,502]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99CFFF7401EAFE63FCC1FE77" box="[764,812,481,502]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Sirao</vernacularName>
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<collectingRegion id="499878E799CFFF740025FE63FC4BFE77" box="[819,934,481,502]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Selatan" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">de Sumatra</collectingRegion>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740370FD8BFDEAFD9F" blockId="132.[101,1069,419,542]" box="[102,519,521,542]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<heading id="D0AB016999CFFF740370FD8BFDEAFD9F" box="[102,519,521,542]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF740370FD8BFEB1FD9F" bold="true" box="[102,348,521,542]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99CFFF740270FD8BFDEAFD9F" box="[358,519,521,542]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Southern Serow</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF7401DBFDC9FC87FD12" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF7401DBFDC9FC87FD12" blockId="132.[717,1303,587,1014]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF7401DBFDC9FC85FDED" bold="true" box="[717,872,587,620]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699CFFF740093FDC9FC88FD12" authority="Bechstein, 1799" authorityName="Bechstein" authorityYear="1799" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antilope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sumatraensis">Antilope sumatraensis Bechstein, 1799</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF740063FDF0FC02FD12" box="[885,1007,626,659]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740063FDF0FC02FD12" blockId="132.[717,1303,587,1014]" box="[885,1007,626,659]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<materialsCitation id="3B34BC5899CFFF740063FDF0FC02FD12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3785198452" box="[885,1007,626,659]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<collectingRegion id="499878E799CFFF740063FDF0FC06FD12" box="[885,1003,626,659]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF7401DBFD1BFBDBFD3B" box="[717,1078,665,698]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF7401DBFD1BFBDBFD3B" blockId="132.[717,1303,587,1014]" box="[717,1078,665,698]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF7401DBFD47FBC8FCB1" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF23E68D99CFFF7401DBFD47FBC8FCB1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512795" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512795/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" startId="132.[717,888,709,738]" targetBox="[99,692,595,1010]" targetPageId="132">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF7401DBFD47FBC8FCB1" blockId="132.[717,1303,587,1014]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF7401DBFD47FC91FD63" bold="true" box="[717,892,709,738]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Hilly areas of W & N
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<collectingRegion id="499878E799CFFF7407A0FD47FD05FC88" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
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and the Malay Peninsula, probably as far N as the Kra Isthmus.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF7401DBFCB5FB96FBC2" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF7401DBFCB5FB96FBC2" blockId="132.[717,1303,587,1014]" lastBlockId="132.[98,1303,1019,1879]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF7401DBFCB5FC55FCD9" bold="true" box="[717,952,823,856]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Descriptive notes</emphasis>
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. Head-body 140-155 cm, tail 11-16 cm, shoulder height c.85-94 cm, ear 17-21 cm; weight 85-140 kg. Male horns up to
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<quantity id="4CA41BE099CFFF74006FFC33FC20FC4F" box="[889,973,945,974]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" unit="cm" value="28.0">28 cm</quantity>
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. Sumatran Serows have a large preorbital gland. The legs and body are dark black withrion’ black to whitish or reddish mane and creamy white tips. The diploid chromosome numberis
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<quantity id="4CA41BE099CFFF740012FBA0FCA5FBC2" box="[772,840,1058,1091]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1684" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" unit="in" value="46.0">46 in</quantity>
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Sumatran specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF740372FBC8FC07FB60" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740372FBC8FC07FB60" blockId="132.[98,1303,1019,1879]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF740372FBC8FF3EFBEA" bold="true" box="[100,211,1098,1131]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Sumatran Serows are found from sea level to
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<quantity id="4CA41BE099CFFF740077FBC8FC5BFBEA" box="[865,950,1098,1131]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
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in steep, rugged terrain, including rainforests. In
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599CFFF7402D1FBF8FDBFFB12" box="[455,594,1146,1171]" name="Indonesia" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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, they occur at elevations of 200-3000 m. In
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599CFFF7407DBFBF8FF4EFB3B" name="Thailand" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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, they are found in precipitous limestone mountains and cliffs where trees and dense undergrowth remain, in locations inaccessible to humans.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF740372FB6AFC40FA88" box="[100,941,1256,1289]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740372FB6AFC40FA88" blockId="132.[98,1303,1019,1879]" box="[100,941,1256,1289]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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||
<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF740372FB6AFE84FA88" bold="true" box="[100,361,1256,1289]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Sumatran Serows are primarily browsers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF740372FA8DFC37FAD6" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740372FA8DFC37FAD6" blockId="132.[98,1303,1019,1879]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF740372FA8DFF07FAB1" bold="true" box="[100,234,1295,1328]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Sumatran Serows mate in October-November; a single offspring, or rarely twins, are born 210 days later. Longevity in captivity is ten years.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF740374FADFFAFEFA27" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740374FADFFAFEFA27" blockId="132.[98,1303,1019,1879]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF740374FADFFEA3FAFF" bold="true" box="[98,334,1373,1406]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Sumatran Serow is usually active in the early morning and late evening. They seek shelter in overhanging rocks and steep terrain in dense vegetation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF740372FA2EFD27F99A" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740372FA2EFD27F99A" blockId="132.[98,1303,1019,1879]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF740372FA2EFCF6FA4C" bold="true" box="[100,795,1452,1485]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Older males are considered solitary but detailed studies have not been conducted. In an area where populations were small and disjunct, density was 0-4 ind/km?®.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF740372F9A0FB54F889" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740372F9A0FB54F889" blockId="132.[98,1303,1019,1879]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF740372F9A0FE53F9C2" bold="true" box="[100,446,1570,1603]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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CITES Appendix I. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. No reliable current information is available. In
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599CFFF740055F9CBFC57F9EB" box="[835,954,1609,1642]" name="Malaysia" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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, the population was estimated at 500-750. Historically, habitats have been and continue to be degraded due to mining, deforestation for logging and agricultural development, resulting in removal and burning of vegetation, and illegal hunting and capture with snares. Populations have been relegated to small, isolated patches of suitable habitat in many areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99CFFF740372F894FB0DF8D6" pageId="132" pageNumber="703" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599CFFF740372F894FB0DF8D6" blockId="132.[98,1303,1019,1879]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">
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||
<emphasis id="B9286A1799CFFF740372F894FF13F8AE" bold="true" box="[100,254,1814,1839]" pageId="132" pageNumber="703">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Duckworth et al. (2008), Ellerman & Morrison-Scott (1966), Francis (2008), Groves & Grubb (1985, 2011), Grubb (2005), Lekagul & McNeely (1988), Lovari (1997), Rahman (1997), Santiapillai (1997).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |