388 lines
53 KiB
XML
388 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="FE34CE83C0E46A0C098EC725ABFB0CA2" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.911.2371" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376790" ID-ZooBank="DB29E6F1-7925-46DB-8C9E-055C639203CE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1702550585073" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Matson, Tanner A." docDate="2023" docId="03CEA05334727877FDCDB640AE29F85B" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2023.911.1-79.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 911" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2371/10397" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stamnodes churro Matson 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFF7D82B34477841FFB7B463AC58FF82" masterDocTitle="A review of Mexican Stamnodes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) with the description of 16 new species" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1702585554707" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5F2A4BF1F1310BA2D00D2BB9B19A7FFB">A review of Mexican Stamnodes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) with the description of 16 new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="EA2D98869BB2AF8988CB0DDE4107BB7A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D5D409F11C45720E0B84434862C5693C">Matson, Tanner A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6B9260FDEC72773B4DC7FBE28C77452A">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269 – 3043, USA. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C., USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4978CA58D3F4DEBCBB3EAEE4DD3759D6" type="email">MatsonT@SI.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2B441B893C7326412E0BA15632FA96BC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="300121BE9495D4BC438D8615DD56974A">
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<mods:title id="362F36CA650077512D969AD81130252C">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="ED1568854BB6A580B37A4DE8ACA4D819">
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<mods:date id="EEC9422DDCD00C0148E90F001E213D80">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="13FCDEB2753FD010303DF70B2A833A47">2023-12-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CE22844A30A87C6D26F961B6983355DF">911</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="AEBCDF2472FEDB87485A523294AAFE67">https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2371/10397</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="0E604E8ACACA3442A63AEF8F72305DEC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="57978E784BD5497050625E64B0568D62" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2023.911.2371</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="466F1496AFB310BDFDD1ACB57330DB52" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CEA05334727877FDCDB640AE29F85B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CEA05334727877FDCDB640AE29F85B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CEA05334727877FDCDB640AE29F85B" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34727874FDCDB640AFE2FDBC" box="[634,954,547,574]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FDCDB640AFE2FDBC" blockId="53.[369,1218,547,645]" box="[634,954,547,574]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<heading id="D090A62934727874FDCDB640AFE2FDBC" box="[634,954,547,574]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FDCDB640AF00FDBC" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[634,856,547,574]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="churro" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FDCDB640AF00FDBC" bold="true" box="[634,856,547,574]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Stamnodes churro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34727874FCD7B647AFE2FDBC" box="[864,954,548,574]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34727874FEC6B625AFC5FD07" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FEC6B625A89AFDE3" blockId="53.[369,1218,547,645]" box="[369,1218,582,609]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<uri id="FFF61D4734727874FEC6B625A89AFDE3" box="[369,1218,582,609]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFC12B9034727874FD38B625A89AFDE3" box="[655,1218,582,609]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">87100BBD-5B0F-4C07-A932-A16639A16704</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FD21B609AFC5FD07" blockId="53.[369,1218,547,645]" box="[662,925,618,645]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FD21B609AEA8FD06" box="[662,752,618,644]" captionStart="Figs 19–30" captionStartId="23.[189,242,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,491,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-52@23.[189,1398,488,1673]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figs 19–30. Adult Stamnodes Guenée, [1858], dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. 19. S. saltillo sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CNIN). 20. S. formosata (Strecker, 1878) (USNMENT01771263). 21. S. lampra Rindge, 1878, paratype (USNMENT01771264). 22. S. franckata (Pearsall, 1909) (USNMENT01771255). 23. Stamnodes sp. (?undescribed; Mexico: Nuevo León) (USNMENT01523823). 24. S. patamon (Druce, 1893) (CNIN). 25. S. coenonymphata (Hulst, 1900) (TAM). 26. S. catarina sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (AMNH_IZC 00352926). 27. S. churro sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (AMNH_IZC 00352920). 28. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (USNMENT01523824). 29. S. calcarea sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CMNH). 30. S. ululata Pearsall, 1912 (USNMENT01771256). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376796/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figs 27</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FD4BB609AF44FD07" box="[764,796,618,645]" captionStart="Figs 52–54" captionStartId="31.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[220,1350,285,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-12@31.[220,1368,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figs 52–54. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 52. S. saltillo sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2020-059, CNIN). 53. S. catarina sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-107, USNM 154205). 54. S. churro sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-105, USNM 154206). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376813/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">54</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FC9FB609AF10FD06" box="[808,840,618,644]" captionStart="Figs 71–73" captionStartId="40.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[238,1331,274,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-14@40.[219,1368,266,1888]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figs 71–73. Female genitalia. 71. S. saltillo sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2020-060, CNIN). 72. S. churro sp. nov., holotype (TAM-2022-106, AMNH). 73. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-200, USNM 154207). Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376827/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">72</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FCE3B609AF2CFD06" box="[852,884,618,644]" captionStart="Figs 82–89" captionStartId="46.[189,242,1792,1818]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-14@46.[189,1398,265,1734]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 82–89. Distributions of newly described Stamnodes Guenée, [1858]. 82. S. erupta sp. nov. 83. S. ceniza sp. nov.84. S. saltillo sp. nov.85. S. catarina sp. nov. 86. S. churro sp. nov.87. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov. 88. S. calcarea sp. nov. 89. S. tenebrosa sp. nov. Single dots may represent> 1 individual. Scale bars = 400 km." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376831/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">86</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FC37B609AFC5FD07" box="[896,925,618,645]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="71.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,750,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-138@71.[189,1398,749,1882]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Fig. 95. Biogeographic associations of Mexican Stamnodes Guenée, [1858]. (*) denotes species found in two or more provinces. Underlying biogeographic provincial map taken from Morrone (2020: fig. 4.5) with permission to reproduce this figure granted by author Juan J. Morrone." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376837/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">95</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34727874FF0AB6C8A8DEFB3A" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF0AB6C8AD6EFD47" blockId="53.[189,310,683,709]" box="[189,310,683,709]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<heading id="D090A62934727874FF0AB6C8AD6EFD47" bold="true" box="[189,310,683,709]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FF0AB6C8AD6EFD47" bold="true" box="[189,310,683,709]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF0AB6B9AF46FC45" blockId="53.[189,1399,730,968]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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In dorsal view,
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FEC0B6B9ADBCFD76" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[375,484,730,756]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="churro" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FEC0B6B9ADBCFD76" box="[375,484,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. churro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34727874FE5CB6B9AE1FFD76" box="[491,583,730,756]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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may be confused with sympatric
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FC6CB6B9A839FD76" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[987,1121,730,756]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FC6CB6B9A839FD76" box="[987,1121,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. patamon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FB3DB6B9A954FD76" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[1162,1292,730,756]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catarina" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FB3DB6B9A954FD76" box="[1162,1292,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. catarina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34727874FAA2B6B9A928FD76" box="[1301,1392,730,756]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, fortunately, the hindwing underside pattern and male genitalia unambiguously separate these taxa. The hindwing underside of
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FE62B742AE1CFCB8" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[469,580,800,827]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="churro">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FE62B742AE1CFCB8" box="[469,580,800,827]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. churro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is cream-coloured and speckled with light brown scales throughout (scales modestly darker in basal half of wing) (
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<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FD48B720AF32FCDF" box="[767,874,835,861]" captionStart="Figs 19–30" captionStartId="23.[189,242,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,491,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-52@23.[189,1398,488,1673]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figs 19–30. Adult Stamnodes Guenée, [1858], dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. 19. S. saltillo sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CNIN). 20. S. formosata (Strecker, 1878) (USNMENT01771263). 21. S. lampra Rindge, 1878, paratype (USNMENT01771264). 22. S. franckata (Pearsall, 1909) (USNMENT01771255). 23. Stamnodes sp. (?undescribed; Mexico: Nuevo León) (USNMENT01523823). 24. S. patamon (Druce, 1893) (CNIN). 25. S. coenonymphata (Hulst, 1900) (TAM). 26. S. catarina sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (AMNH_IZC 00352926). 27. S. churro sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (AMNH_IZC 00352920). 28. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (USNMENT01523824). 29. S. calcarea sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CMNH). 30. S. ululata Pearsall, 1912 (USNMENT01771256). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376796/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 27b</figureCitation>
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). In
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FC12B727A874FCDF" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[933,1068,836,862]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FC12B727A874FCDF" box="[933,1068,836,862]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. patamon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the hindwing underside is striated with dark brown and burgundy scales surrounding several large, ill-defined, all-white patches (
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<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FF71B7E9AD74FC26" box="[198,300,906,932]" captionStart="Figs 19–30" captionStartId="23.[189,242,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,491,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-52@23.[189,1398,488,1673]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figs 19–30. Adult Stamnodes Guenée, [1858], dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. 19. S. saltillo sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CNIN). 20. S. formosata (Strecker, 1878) (USNMENT01771263). 21. S. lampra Rindge, 1878, paratype (USNMENT01771264). 22. S. franckata (Pearsall, 1909) (USNMENT01771255). 23. Stamnodes sp. (?undescribed; Mexico: Nuevo León) (USNMENT01523823). 24. S. patamon (Druce, 1893) (CNIN). 25. S. coenonymphata (Hulst, 1900) (TAM). 26. S. catarina sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (AMNH_IZC 00352926). 27. S. churro sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (AMNH_IZC 00352920). 28. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (USNMENT01523824). 29. S. calcarea sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CMNH). 30. S. ululata Pearsall, 1912 (USNMENT01771256). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376796/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 24b</figureCitation>
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), and in
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<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FE38B7E9AE48FC26" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[399,528,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catarina">
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<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FE38B7E9AE48FC26" box="[399,528,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. catarina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the hindwing underside is lightly striated with dark brown to black scales and bears an ill-defined black discal spot (
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<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FD1DB7CEAF49FC45" box="[682,785,941,967]" captionStart="Figs 19–30" captionStartId="23.[189,242,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[190,1384,491,1668]" captionTargetId="figure-52@23.[189,1398,488,1673]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figs 19–30. Adult Stamnodes Guenée, [1858], dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. 19. S. saltillo sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CNIN). 20. S. formosata (Strecker, 1878) (USNMENT01771263). 21. S. lampra Rindge, 1878, paratype (USNMENT01771264). 22. S. franckata (Pearsall, 1909) (USNMENT01771255). 23. Stamnodes sp. (?undescribed; Mexico: Nuevo León) (USNMENT01523823). 24. S. patamon (Druce, 1893) (CNIN). 25. S. coenonymphata (Hulst, 1900) (TAM). 26. S. catarina sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (AMNH_IZC 00352926). 27. S. churro sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (AMNH_IZC 00352920). 28. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (USNMENT01523824). 29. S. calcarea sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (CMNH). 30. S. ululata Pearsall, 1912 (USNMENT01771256). Scale bar = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376796/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 26b</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF0AB78DA8DEFB3A" blockId="53.[187,1401,1006,1209]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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The uncus is small and triangulate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FDC3B78CAEB8FB8A" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[628,736,1006,1033]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="churro" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FDC3B78CAEB8FB8A" box="[628,736,1006,1033]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. churro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34727874FD50B78CAF1AFB8B" box="[743,834,1007,1033]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FCE6B78DAFECFB8B" box="[849,948,1006,1033]" captionStart="Figs 52–54" captionStartId="31.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[220,1350,285,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-12@31.[220,1368,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figs 52–54. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 52. S. saltillo sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2020-059, CNIN). 53. S. catarina sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-107, USNM 154205). 54. S. churro sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-105, USNM 154206). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376813/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 54a</figureCitation>
|
||
) and large and spatulate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FB41B78CA92EFB8A" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[1270,1398,1007,1033]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catarina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FB41B78CA92EFB8A" box="[1270,1398,1007,1033]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. catarina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34727874FF0AB071AD42FBAE" box="[189,282,1042,1068]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FE99B071ADCBFBAE" box="[302,403,1041,1068]" captionStart="Figs 52–54" captionStartId="31.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[220,1350,285,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-12@31.[220,1368,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figs 52–54. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 52. S. saltillo sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2020-059, CNIN). 53. S. catarina sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-107, USNM 154205). 54. S. churro sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-105, USNM 154206). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376813/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 53a</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FE6FB071AE07FBA9" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[472,607,1042,1068]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FE6FB071AE07FBA9" box="[472,607,1042,1068]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. patamon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FDC6B071AE80FBAE" box="[625,728,1041,1068]" captionStart="Figs 55–57" captionStartId="32.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[221,1302,265,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-15@32.[220,1368,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figs 55–57. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 55. S. patamon (Druce, 1893) (TAM- 2022-139, CNIN). 56. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-219, CNIN). 57. S. calcarea sp. nov., holotype (TAM-2023-194, CMNH). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376817/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 55a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Among numerous other differences, the vesica bears a large, central, echinate patch of several hundred small cornuti, and two, large, apical spinose cornuti in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FF0AB03BAD70FBF0" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,296,1112,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="churro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FF0AB03BAD70FBF0" box="[189,296,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. churro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FE84B03BADC1FBF1" box="[307,409,1112,1139]" captionStart="Figs 52–54" captionStartId="31.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[220,1350,285,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-12@31.[220,1368,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figs 52–54. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 52. S. saltillo sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2020-059, CNIN). 53. S. catarina sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-107, USNM 154205). 54. S. churro sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-105, USNM 154206). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376813/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 54b</figureCitation>
|
||
); about eight large spinose cornuti linearly decreasing in size in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FBC2B03BA8ABFBF0" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[1141,1267,1112,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catarina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FBC2B03BA8ABFBF0" box="[1141,1267,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. catarina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FAB5B03BA93EFBF1" box="[1282,1382,1112,1139]" captionStart="Figs 52–54" captionStartId="31.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[220,1350,285,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-12@31.[220,1368,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figs 52–54. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 52. S. saltillo sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2020-059, CNIN). 53. S. catarina sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-107, USNM 154205). 54. S. churro sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-105, USNM 154206). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376813/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 53b</figureCitation>
|
||
); and a single, large, spinose cornutus adjacent to a large patch of several hundred filamentous cornuti in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FF0AB0FCAD19FB3A" authorityName="CNIN" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[189,321,1183,1209]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patamon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FF0AB0FCAD19FB3A" box="[189,321,1183,1209]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">S. patamon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034727874FEE6B0FDADE0FB3B" box="[337,440,1182,1209]" captionStart="Figs 55–57" captionStartId="32.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[221,1302,265,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-15@32.[220,1368,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figs 55–57. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 55. S. patamon (Druce, 1893) (TAM- 2022-139, CNIN). 56. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-219, CNIN). 57. S. calcarea sp. nov., holotype (TAM-2023-194, CMNH). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376817/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 55b</figureCitation>
|
||
). With dissection, males of these species cannot be confused.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34727874FF0AB083A81DFA37" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF0AB083AD1CFB78" blockId="53.[189,324,1248,1274]" box="[189,324,1248,1274]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<heading id="D090A62934727874FF0AB083AD1CFB78" bold="true" box="[189,324,1248,1274]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FF0AB083AD1CFB78" bold="true" box="[189,324,1248,1274]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF0AB16DA81DFA37" blockId="53.[189,1401,1294,1462]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
The specific epithet,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634727874FE02B16DAE5CFAAA" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[437,516,1294,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="churro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FE02B16DAE5CFAAA" box="[437,516,1294,1320]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">churro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is named after the popular, fried dough dessert of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534727874FBD2B16DA8E7FAAA" box="[1125,1215,1294,1320]" name="Mexico" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and elsewhere. This name was proposed by a passionate group of fourth-grade students from Mrs Stephanie Ball’s 2021–2022 science class in Alexandria, Virginia. The diagnostic cream-coloured hindwing underside, generously speckled with light brown scales, was reminiscent of the colour and texture of the iconic dessert for which this moth is now named. The name is a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34727874FF0AB1BFA90CF976" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF0AB1BFADF2FA74" blockId="53.[189,426,1500,1526]" box="[189,426,1500,1526]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<heading id="D090A62934727874FF0AB1BFADF2FA74" bold="true" box="[189,426,1500,1526]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FF0AB1BFADF2FA74" bold="true" box="[189,426,1500,1526]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F1B1834727874FF5DB268A86FF9EE" collectingDate="1980-11-07" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="E. C. Welling" country="Mexico" elevation="2300" latitude="17.26" location="Cerezal" longLatPrecision="767" longitude="-96.56" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCode="TAM-2022-106, IZC 00352920" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Oaxaca" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF5DB268AD04F9A7" blockId="53.[189,1399,1547,1644]" box="[234,348,1547,1573]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FF5DB268AD04F9A7" bold="true" box="[234,348,1547,1573]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DCAFE734727874FF5DB268AD04F9A7" box="[234,348,1547,1573]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF0AB24CA86FF9EE" blockId="53.[189,1399,1547,1644]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534727874FF0AB24CAD69F9CB" box="[189,305,1583,1609]" name="Mexico" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC34727874FEFCB24CAD3AF9CB" box="[331,354,1583,1609]" count="1" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734727874FEC6B24CAD94F9CB" box="[369,460,1583,1609]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Mpio. Ixlepejl [Ixtepejl],
|
||
<location id="8EB8479E34727874FCB1B24DAF3BF9CA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CEA05334727877FDCDB640AE29F85B:8EB8479E34727874FCB1B24DAF3BF9CA" box="[774,867,1582,1608]" country="Mexico" latitude="17.26" longLatPrecision="767" longitude="-96.56" name="Cerezal" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Cerezal</location>
|
||
; [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE53778234727874FCC0B24DAFB0F9CB" box="[887,1000,1582,1609]" degrees="17.26" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" precision="555" value="17.26">17.26° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE53778234727874FC43B24DA833F9CB" box="[1012,1131,1582,1609]" degrees="96.56" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" precision="555" value="-96.56">96.56° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
]; elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FBCA034727874FB09B24CA943F9CB" box="[1214,1307,1583,1609]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="2300.0">
|
||
<elevation id="004AF67634727874FB09B24CA943F9CB" box="[1214,1307,1583,1609]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFD9378534727874FA9FB24CACA3F9EE" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1980-11-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9DCE6D34727874FA9FB24CACA3F9EE" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1980-11-07">7 Nov. 1980</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="2692749334727874FEB0B231ADC6F9EE" box="[263,414,1618,1644]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">E.C. Welling</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; genitalia:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E34727874FDE3B231AF49F9EE" box="[596,785,1618,1644]" collectionCode="TAM-" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">TAM-2022-106</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED76898034727874FCACB231AF2DF9EE" box="[795,885,1618,1644]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
_
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E34727874FC33B231A86BF9EE" box="[900,1075,1617,1644]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">IZC 00352920</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0F1B1834727874FF5DB2F0A909F976" collectingDate="1971-10-16" collectionCode="TAM, USNM" collectorName="E. C. Welling" country="Mexico" elevation="2400" latitude="16.16" location="San Jose Pacifico" longLatPrecision="769" longitude="-96.5" municipality="Rio Hondo" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" specimenCode="TAM-2022-105, USNM 154206, USNMENT01771235" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Oaxaca" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF5DB2F0AD04F92F" blockId="53.[189,1401,1683,1780]" box="[234,348,1683,1709]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FF5DB2F0AD04F92F" bold="true" box="[234,348,1683,1709]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DCAFE734727874FF5DB2F0AD04F92F" box="[234,348,1683,1709]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF0AB2D5A90CF976" blockId="53.[189,1401,1683,1780]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534727874FF0AB2D5AD69F952" box="[189,305,1718,1744]" name="Mexico" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D61DACC34727874FEF9B2D5AD27F953" box="[334,383,1718,1745]" count="1" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734727874FE39B2D5ADB1F952" box="[398,489,1718,1744]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Mpio.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBC8B3F34727874FDF0B2D5AE96F952" box="[583,718,1718,1744]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Río Hondo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB8479E34727874FD6BB2D5AFE8F952" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CEA05334727877FDCDB640AE29F85B:8EB8479E34727874FD6BB2D5AFE8F952" box="[732,944,1718,1744]" country="Mexico" latitude="16.16" longLatPrecision="769" longitude="-96.5" municipality="Rio Hondo" name="San Jose Pacifico" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" stateProvince="Oaxaca">San José Pacífico</location>
|
||
; [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE53778234727874FC72B2D5A86CF953" box="[965,1076,1718,1745]" degrees="16.16" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" precision="555" value="16.16">16.16° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE53778234727874FBF2B2D5A8E0F953" box="[1093,1208,1718,1745]" degrees="96.50" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" precision="555" value="-96.5">96.50° W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
]; elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FBCA034727874FAA2B2D5A92CF953" box="[1301,1396,1718,1745]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="2400.0">
|
||
<elevation id="004AF67634727874FAA2B2D5A92CF953" box="[1301,1396,1718,1745]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="2400.0">2400 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFD9378534727874FF08B2BAAD03F976" box="[191,347,1753,1780]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1971-10-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9DCE6D34727874FF08B2BAAD03F976" box="[191,347,1753,1780]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="1971-10-16">16 Oct. 1971</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="2692749334727874FED0B2B9ADA6F971" box="[359,510,1753,1780]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">E.C. Welling</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; genitalia:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E34727874FD05B2BAAF33F976" box="[690,875,1753,1780]" collectionCode="TAM-" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">TAM-2022-105</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E34727874FCCDB2B9A86DF976" box="[890,1077,1753,1780]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="Museum">USNM 154206</specimenCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC1B93E34727874FBFEB2BAA909F976" box="[1097,1361,1753,1780]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">USNMENT01771235</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34727877FF0AB378ADECF9A7" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF0AB378AD16F8B7" blockId="53.[189,334,1819,1845]" box="[189,334,1819,1845]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<heading id="D090A62934727874FF0AB378AD16F8B7" bold="true" box="[189,334,1819,1845]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FF0AB378AD16F8B7" bold="true" box="[189,334,1819,1845]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF5DB329AD72F8E6" blockId="53.[189,585,1866,1927]" box="[234,298,1866,1892]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734727874FF5DB329AD72F8E6" bold="true" box="[234,298,1866,1892]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Male</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534727874FF0AB30EAE11F805" blockId="53.[189,585,1866,1927]" box="[189,585,1900,1927]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934727874FF0AB30EAD77F807" baselines="1920,1920" box="[189,303,1901,1927]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Forewing" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">FOREWING</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934727874FE80B311ADD2F807" baselines="1920" box="[311,394,1906,1925]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="length" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">LENGTH</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FBCA034727874FE2EB30FADB3F805" box="[409,491,1900,1927]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB56AAD7CFE09" blockId="54.[189,1399,265,395]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934717877FF0AB56AACA4FEA0" baselines="284,285" box="[189,252,265,291]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Head" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">HEAD</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Antenna filiform, checkered with alternating black and white scales above. Vertex and frons mostly light pink with scattered white scales. Labial palpus short, slightly porrect, subequal to diameter of eye, light pink and white. Cephalic collar mostly cream, but with some light pink scales, especially laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB5D1ADB5FD93" blockId="54.[189,1400,434,529]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934717877FF0AB5D1AD41FE48" baselines="453,453" box="[189,281,434,460]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Thorax" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">THORAX</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Patagium mostly cream; tegula cream above, light pink laterally, white and light pink below. Mesoscutum cream to ochreous. Legs mixture of pink and white scales; tibial spur formula 0–2–4; epiphysis well developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB65AAD41FD5F" blockId="54.[189,1399,568,733]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934717877FF0AB65AAD77FDD3" baselines="588,588" box="[189,303,569,595]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Forewing" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">FOREWING</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Ground colour cream. Costal area pinkish grey at base with two white patches. Costomedial area with darkened grey patch terminating near center of wing; apical area along outer margin also dark grey. Underside patterned as in upperside but darkened apical area and outer margin of upperside replaced by speckling of much lighter brown scales. Fringe not checkered, white basally, light pink distally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB767AE6BFCE1" blockId="54.[189,1399,772,867]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934717877FF0AB767AD77FC9E" baselines="791,791" box="[189,303,772,798]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Hindwing" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">HINDWING</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Concolourous with forewing ground colour above and without additional markings. Underside speckled with light brown scales throughout, scales modestly darker in basal half of wing. Fringe matching ground colour.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB7E9AEC6FC26" blockId="54.[189,670,906,932]" box="[189,670,906,932]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934717877FF0AB7E9AD74FC20" baselines="925,925" box="[189,300,906,932]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Abdomen" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">ABDOMEN</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Ochreous above, white below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB7A8AE55FB37" blockId="54.[186,1399,971,1205]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934717877FF0AB7A8AD69FC61" baselines="990,990" box="[189,305,971,997]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Genitalia" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">GENITALIA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034717877FEF7B7A8ADCDFC64" box="[320,405,971,998]" captionStart="Figs 52–54" captionStartId="31.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[220,1350,285,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-12@31.[220,1368,265,1885]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figs 52–54. Male genitalia: genital capsules (a) and phalli (b). 52. S. saltillo sp. nov., paratype (TAM- 2020-059, CNIN). 53. S. catarina sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-107, USNM 154205). 54. S. churro sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2022-105, USNM 154206). Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376813/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
). Uncus smaller than most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634717877FD74B7A8AF1AFC67" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1858" box="[707,834,971,997]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FD74B7A8AF1AFC67" box="[707,834,971,997]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stamnodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, triangulate, tapering toward apex. Subscaphium well developed. Juxta pentangular, distal surface bearing ca 50 long setae, setae curved inward toward median. Valva ear-shaped, with inward depressed costal margin bearing large, broad, costobasal sclerite; inner surface of valva with large, laterally widened hair tuft arising from subcostal depression, hair tuft about two-thirds length of valva. Vinculum narrow, half as wide as tegumen. Everted vesica S-shaped, narrowing toward apex; bearing large central patch of several hundred, minute, dentate cornuti and two large, apical spinose cornuti.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF5DB0BFAD1DFB74" blockId="54.[189,645,1244,1304]" box="[234,325,1244,1270]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FF5DB0BFAD1DFB74" bold="true" box="[234,325,1244,1270]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Female</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB09DAEDDFA9A" blockId="54.[189,645,1244,1304]" box="[189,645,1278,1304]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Outwardly undifferentiated from male.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB123AE11FADB" blockId="54.[189,585,1343,1370]" box="[189,585,1343,1370]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934717877FF0AB123AD77FADA" baselines="1363,1363" box="[189,303,1344,1370]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Forewing" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">FOREWING</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934717877FE80B126ADD2FADA" baselines="1363" box="[311,394,1349,1368]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="length" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">LENGTH</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FBCA034717877FE2EB15CADB3FAD8" box="[409,491,1343,1370]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB1E3ADECF9A7" blockId="54.[188,1399,1408,1573]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E879934717877FF0AB1E3AD69FA1B" baselines="1427,1428" box="[189,305,1408,1434]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Genitalia" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">GENITALIA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034717877FEF0B1E3ADFBFA18" box="[327,419,1408,1435]" captionStart="Figs 71–73" captionStartId="40.[189,242,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[238,1331,274,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-14@40.[219,1368,266,1888]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figs 71–73. Female genitalia. 71. S. saltillo sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2020-060, CNIN). 72. S. churro sp. nov., holotype (TAM-2022-106, AMNH). 73. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov., paratype (TAM-2023-200, USNM 154207). Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376827/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior apophysis three-quarters length of posterior apophysis. Ductus bursae about one-third length of corpus bursae; attached to corpus bursae by broad triangulate sclerite flattened on ventral surface and dorsolaterally rolled toward median. Corpus bursae ovoid, bearing pyriform signum with numerous minute papillae in dorsal lower third, and large, subcircular surface sclerotization in ventromedial area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34717877FF0AB228A882F935" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB228AD9DF9E4" blockId="54.[189,453,1611,1638]" box="[189,453,1611,1638]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FF0AB228AD0EF9E7" bold="true" box="[189,342,1611,1637]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135C0DC034717877FED1B22FADE4F9E4" box="[358,444,1612,1638]" captionStart="Figs 82–89" captionStartId="46.[189,242,1792,1818]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,265,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-14@46.[189,1398,265,1734]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 82–89. Distributions of newly described Stamnodes Guenée, [1858]. 82. S. erupta sp. nov. 83. S. ceniza sp. nov.84. S. saltillo sp. nov.85. S. catarina sp. nov. 86. S. churro sp. nov.87. S. ferropulvisa sp. nov. 88. S. calcarea sp. nov. 89. S. tenebrosa sp. nov. Single dots may represent> 1 individual. Scale bars = 400 km." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376831/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB219A882F935" blockId="54.[189,1399,1658,1719]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37051D534717877FF0AB219AD43F916" box="[189,283,1658,1684]" name="Mexico" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634717877FE9DB219AE5CF916" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[298,516,1658,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="churro" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FE9DB219AE5CF916" box="[298,516,1658,1684]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stamnodes churro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34717877FDA7B219AE37F916" box="[528,623,1658,1684]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is known from the heavily wooded and mountainous Northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734717877FF0AB2FEAD4DF935" box="[189,277,1693,1719]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
Highlands and Oaxaca’s Sierra Madre del Sur at elevations around
|
||
<quantity id="4C9FBCA034717877FB86B2FEA88EF935" box="[1073,1238,1693,1719]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="2350.0" valueMax="2400.0" valueMin="2300.0">2300–2400 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34717877FF0AB2BEA889F8E9" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB2BEAD44F975" blockId="54.[189,284,1757,1783]" box="[189,284,1757,1783]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<heading id="D090A62934717877FF0AB2BEAD44F975" bold="true" box="[189,284,1757,1783]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FF0AB2BEAD44F975" bold="true" box="[189,284,1757,1783]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB368A889F8E9" blockId="54.[188,1399,1803,1899]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634717877FE83B368AE52F8A7" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[308,522,1803,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="churro" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FE83B368AE52F8A7" box="[308,522,1803,1829]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stamnodes churro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34717877FDA6B36FAE34F8A4" box="[529,620,1804,1830]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
fly in October and November. Adult habitus and genitalia suggest affinity to the many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634717877FE1EB34DAE70F8CA" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1858" box="[425,552,1838,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FE1EB34DAE70F8CA" box="[425,552,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stamnodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that feed on mountain mahogany (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634717877FC08B34DA80DF8CA" box="[959,1109,1838,1864]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cercocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FC08B34DA80DF8CA" box="[959,1109,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cercocarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634717877FBDAB34DA91AF8CA" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[1133,1346,1838,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="churro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FBDAB34DA91AF8CA" box="[1133,1346,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stamnodes churro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected flying with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634717877FE02B332AE6EF8E8" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[437,566,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catarina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FE02B332AE6EF8E8" box="[437,566,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. catarina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34717877FD89B332AEC0F8E9" box="[574,664,1873,1899]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C676AC634717877FD66B332AF39F8E9" authority="Matson, 2023" authorityName="Matson" authorityYear="2023" box="[721,865,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stamnodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebrosa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FD66B332AF39F8E9" box="[721,865,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. tenebrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220702C34717877FCDFB332AF9BF8E9" box="[872,963,1873,1899]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in El Cerezal,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A3DFA734717877FBC6B332A895F8E9" box="[1137,1229,1873,1899]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37D42CE34717877FF0AB3F1AE29F85B" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB3F1AE49F829" blockId="54.[189,529,1937,1964]" box="[189,529,1937,1964]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<heading id="D090A62934717877FF0AB3F1AE49F829" bold="true" box="[189,529,1937,1964]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B913CD5734717877FF0AB3F1AE49F829" bold="true" box="[189,529,1937,1964]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Molecular characterization</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD8114534717877FF0AB3DCAE29F85B" blockId="54.[189,625,1983,2010]" box="[189,625,1983,2010]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">This species has not been sequenced.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |