treatments-xml/data/03/A7/87/03A787C0F974FFA1FF4D70D5FC15FEEF.xml

<document id="F363DEDB63133E0C31301ED8DDAD95C5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.194347" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02e70f16-ae0e-4ab2-8328-75ee80e56772" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="194347" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460201855109" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Barrio-Amorós, César L., Santos, Juan Carlos &amp; Jovanovic, Olga" docDate="2010" docId="03A787C0F974FFA1FF4D70D5FC15FEEF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02413p050.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2413" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum Barrio-Amorós, Santos &amp; Jovanovic, 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="FF9EFFB8F976FFAAFFDA716AFFBFFFCD" masterDocTitle="A new dendrobatid frog (Anura: Dendrobatidae: Anomaloglossus) from the Orinoquian rainforest, southern Venezuela" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1698236626826" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="E5154A5A606C40D6B627327E0507D939">A new dendrobatid frog (Anura: Dendrobatidae: Anomaloglossus) from the Orinoquian rainforest, southern Venezuela</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="47311603A4B4BB00BFA1423F3818017D">Barrio-Amorós, César L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="200DC6F9618E70209BC67C6A94FE5819">Santos, Juan Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="25ACCC085F1CF6751A6EA15037FDD5F5">Jovanovic, Olga</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="D04EC13BD80BD0CBFCAB986B1F22BF75">2010</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C314655DF974FFA8FF4D70D5FD08FE14" box="[151,695,447,473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F974FFA8FF4D70D5FD08FE14" blockId="2.[151,695,447,473]" box="[151,695,447,473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="D0F981BAF974FFA8FF4D70D5FD08FE14" bold="true" box="[151,695,447,473]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FF4D70D5FD08FE14" bold="true" box="[151,695,447,473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FF4D70D5FDEDFE14" ID-CoL="66V66" box="[151,594,447,473]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FF4D70D5FDEDFE14" bold="true" box="[151,594,447,473]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957BFF974FFA8FD8070D5FD08FE14" box="[602,695,447,473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C314655DF974FFA8FF4D736DFB94FD7A" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F974FFA8FF4D736DFA80FD8A" blockId="2.[151,1438,519,1964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FF4D736DFEADFDEC" bold="true" box="[151,274,519,545]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
<typeStatus id="54B58874F974FFA8FF4D736DFEB1FDEC" box="[151,270,519,545]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE13F974FFA8FEC17362FE3CFDEF" box="[283,387,520,546]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4kc6-e4ia" name="Coleccion de Mastozoologia, Museo de Historia Natural de La Salle" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">MHNLS</collectionCode>
19649, an adult male from Tobogán de la Selva, Municipio Atures, Estado Amazonas, 
<collectingCountry id="F3197646F974FFA8FF4D7347FEADFD8A" box="[151,274,557,583]" name="Venezuela" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A5011F974FFA8FE527347FE47FD8A" box="[392,504,557,583]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" precision="925" value="-67.566666">67º 34’W</geoCoordinate>
, 56 masl, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A5011F974FFA8FDB57347FD5FFD8A" box="[623,736,557,583]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" precision="5" value="5.4109">5.4109ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A5011F974FFA8FD367347FCCFFD8A" box="[748,880,557,583]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" precision="5" value="-67.6197">67.6197ºW</geoCoordinate>
, collected by C. Braver and C.S. Jones.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F974FFA8FF1E7338FB94FD7A" blockId="2.[151,1438,519,1964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FF1E7338FE3FFDA1" bold="true" box="[196,384,594,620]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Paratopotypes.</emphasis>
five adult females, 
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE13F974FFA8FDB07338FD6EFDA1" box="[618,721,594,620]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4kc6-e4ia" name="Coleccion de Mastozoologia, Museo de Historia Natural de La Salle" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">MHNLS</collectionCode>
19644-48, and two adult males 
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE13F974FFA8FB947338FB0AFDA1" box="[1102,1205,594,620]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4kc6-e4ia" name="Coleccion de Mastozoologia, Museo de Historia Natural de La Salle" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">MHNLS</collectionCode>
19650-51, with the same data as the 
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; five adult females 
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE13F974FFA8FD727312FCB2FD5F" box="[680,781,632,658]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nzse-vzzt" name="Coleccion Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias, La Hechicera, Universidad de los Andes" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">CVULA</collectionCode>
7136-7140, and one adult male 
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE13F974FFA8FB5E7312FB56FD5F" box="[1156,1257,632,658]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nzse-vzzt" name="Coleccion Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias, La Hechicera, Universidad de los Andes" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">CVULA</collectionCode>
7141, from the 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F974FFA8FF4D73F7FF76FD7A" box="[151,201,669,695]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
locality on 19 of June, 2007 by O. Jovanovic, G. Safarek and Z. Cernelic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C314655DF974FFAFFF1E73A8FD0CFE11" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F974FFA8FF1E73A8FE31FA9A" blockId="2.[151,1438,519,1964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FF1E73A8FEF7FD11" bold="true" box="[196,328,706,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
(1) Skin smooth on dorsum, without tubercles in preservative; smooth on belly. (2) Paired dorsal scutes present on digits. (3) Distal tubercle on F IV present but indistinct. (4) F IV length reaching distal half of distal subarticular tubercle of F III. (5) F I equal to slightly longer than F II. (6) Digital discs present. (7) Fingers discs weakly expanded. (8) Finger fringes little evident, thick and low. (9) Metacarpal ridge absent. (10) F III not swollen in adult males. (11) Carpal pad absent. (12) Male excrescences on thumb absent. (13) Thenar tubercle small, oval. (14) Black arm gland in adult males absent. (15) Tarsal keel weakly curved, thick. (16) Toe discs moderately expanded. (17) Toes moderately webbed. (18) Metatarsal fold present, low. (19) External coloration dark brown (males) and pale brown (females) with parotoid and paracloacal marks whitish in preservative, orange in life; thighs dorsally reddish brown cross barred; dorsolateral and ventrolateral stripes absent; oblique lateral stripe continuous or broken, to midbody or the posterior edge of the arm. (20) Gular-chest markings absent. (21) Dermal collar absent. (22) Male throat coloration pale with a profusion of melanophores; female throat coloration free or nearly free of melanophores. (23) Male abdomen color pattern immaculate, yellow in life. (24) Female abdomen color immaculate white, free of melanophores. (25) Iris coloration reddish bronze with a dark red pupil ring. (26) Large intestine unpigmented. (27) Testis white. (28) Median lingual process present, small, round. (29) Tympanum inconspicuous to distinct, tympanic annulus present. (30) Vocal sac not distinct. (31) Teeth present on the maxillary arch. (32) Size small, males 
<quantity id="4CF69B33F974FFA8FD7D7472FCD8FAFF" box="[679,871,1304,1330]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8649999999999998" metricValueMax="1.95" metricValueMin="1.78" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="18.65" valueMax="19.5" valueMin="17.8">17.8 to 19.5 mm</quantity>
(n=4, mean 18.8±0.7), females 
<quantity id="4CF69B33F974FFA8FB067472FA23FAFF" box="[1244,1436,1304,1330]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" metricValueMax="2.23" metricValueMin="1.69" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="19.6" valueMax="22.3" valueMin="16.9">16.9 to 22.3 mm</quantity>
(n=9, mean19.3±1.8)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F974FFA8FF1E7408FB6CF8AF" blockId="2.[151,1438,519,1964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FF1E7408FDE0FAB1" bold="true" box="[196,607,1378,1404]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Comparison with other species</emphasis>
. 
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<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FDB57409FB87FAB1" box="[623,1080,1379,1404]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
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is easily distinguished from congeners due to its particular coloration (characters of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FC9174E2FBE2FA6C" box="[843,1117,1416,1441]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FC9174E2FBE2FA6C" box="[843,1117,1416,1441]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">A. verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in parentheses). No other 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FF4D74C7FEE8FA0B" box="[151,343,1453,1478]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FF4D74C7FEE8FA0B" box="[151,343,1453,1478]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has any orange mark on the parotoid and paracloacal areas. Only three other 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FB0674C7FA23FA0B" box="[1244,1436,1453,1478]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FB0674C7FA23FA0B" box="[1244,1436,1453,1478]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known to be yellow ventrally, as is the male of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FD2874B9FC46FA21" box="[754,1017,1491,1516]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FD2874B9FC46FA21" box="[754,1017,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">A. verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Of these, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FBA074B9FA23FA21" box="[1146,1436,1491,1516]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breweri">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FBA074B9FA23FA21" box="[1146,1436,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Anomaloglossus breweri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has protuberant tubercles on the posterior back (absent), and male coloration is similar to females (dichromatic); this species appears to be endemic to Aprada, an isolated tepui 
<quantity id="4CF69B33F974FFA8FB7B7777FABCF9FA" box="[1185,1283,1565,1591]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" unit="km" value="550.0">550 km</quantity>
to the east. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FF4D7729FE05F991" box="[151,442,1603,1628]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moffetti">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FF4D7729FE05F991" box="[151,442,1603,1628]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Anomaloglossus moffetti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a larger, more robust species up to 
<quantity id="4CF69B33F974FFA8FC5A7728FC6CF991" box="[896,979,1602,1628]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
(up to 
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), characterized by the absence of fringes on the fingers (low and thick), an indistinct tympanum (barely distinct to distinct), irregular and diffuse spotting on chest (absent), and apparently endemic to Sarisariñama tepui, 
<quantity id="4CF69B33F974FFA8FB4377E7FB4BF96A" box="[1177,1268,1677,1703]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" unit="km" value="390.0">390 km</quantity>
to the East of Tobogán de la Selva. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FE4677D9FD1EF901" box="[412,673,1715,1740]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kaiei">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FE4677D9FD1EF901" box="[412,673,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Anomaloglossus kaiei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has yellow ventral coloration, though on females (only on males), smaller size, up to 
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(up to 
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), and pale dorsolateral stripes (absent). In preservative, no other 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FF067797FE20F8DB" box="[220,415,1789,1814]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FF067797FE20F8DB" box="[220,415,1789,1814]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the peculiar dorsal pattern, in which always are easily seen two striking parotoid light marks. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FEF67649FD28F8F1" box="[300,663,1827,1852]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayarzaguenai">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FEF67649FD28F8F1" box="[300,663,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Anomaloglossus ayarzaguenai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a F I shorter than II (equal to slightly longer); and a uniform brown color pattern with small dark brown spots (two parotoid and two para-cloacal marks).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F974FFA8FF1E7607FDB7F861" blockId="2.[151,1438,519,1964]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
We compare the new species with the rest of cis-Andean 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F974FFA8FC697607FB39F84B" box="[947,1158,1901,1926]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F974FFA8FC697607FB39F84B" box="[947,1158,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in order to provide a comprehensive comparison set.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB136D6F975FFA9FF4D7605FA2FF82B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1903,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F975FFA9FF4D7605FEA5F84A" bold="true" box="[151,282,1903,1927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F975FFA9FEFB761AFD15F84A" box="[289,682,1904,1927]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F975FFA9FEFB761AFD15F84A" box="[289,682,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F975FFA9FD6B7605FCB8F84A" bold="true" box="[689,775,1903,1927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957BFF975FFA9FD6B7605FCB8F84A" box="[689,775,1903,1927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A. Left profile of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Dorsal view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). C. Ventral view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Ventral view of female paratopotype MHNLS 16944 showing the sexual dichromatism explained in the text. Scale equals 2 mm. E. Dorsal view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). F. Ventral view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF71665EF972FFAEFF4D74D4FF77F998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194349/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" targetBox="[189,1374,259,1428]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F972FFAEFF4D74D4FF77F998" blockId="4.[151,1436,1470,1621]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F972FFAEFF4D74D4FEA1FA1B" bold="true" box="[151,286,1470,1494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Hands and feet of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F972FFAEFE2E74D4FC35FA18" box="[500,906,1470,1493]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F972FFAEFE2E74D4FC35FA18" box="[500,906,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F972FFAEFC4B74D4FC54FA1B" bold="true" box="[913,1003,1470,1494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957BFF972FFAEFC4B74D4FC54FA1B" box="[913,1003,1470,1494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A. Palmar view of the left hand of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Palmar view of the left hand of the female paratopotype MHNLS 16944. C. Sole view of the right foot of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Sole view of the left foot of the paratotype (MHNLS 19644), showing a median metatarsal tubercle. Note that there are only four toes instead five. See explanation on the text. Scale equals 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F972FFAFFF1E77EEFD0CFE11" blockId="4.[151,1437,1667,2029]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1438,152,2007]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F972FFAEFF1E77EEFDA5F950" box="[196,538,1668,1693]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="degranvillei">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F972FFAEFF1E77EEFDA5F950" box="[196,538,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Anomaloglossus degranvillei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has F I shorter than II (equal to slightly longer), oblique lateral stripe absent (present), a post tympanic white bar (absent) and ventral surfaces brown with white spots (whitish or yellowish). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F972FFAEFEFF77A4FD3AF92A" box="[293,645,1742,1767]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guanayensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F972FFAEFEFF77A4FD3AF92A" box="[293,645,1742,1767]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Anomaloglossus guanayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has Finger I shorter than II (equal to slightly longer), anal sheath present (absent), chest marks not forming a collar, dark ventral coloration (immaculate white or yellow). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F972FFAEFF4D7673FDB0F8FF" box="[151,527,1817,1842]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="murisipanensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F972FFAEFF4D7673FDB0F8FF" box="[151,527,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Anomaloglossus murisipanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has F I shorter than F II (equal to slightly longer), oblique lateral stripe absent (present), dark ventral colouration (immaculate white or yellow). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F972FFAEFC6E7654FB5BF89A" box="[948,1252,1854,1879]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parimae">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F972FFAEFC6E7654FB5BF89A" box="[948,1252,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Anomaloglossus parimae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has F I shorter than F II (equal to slightly longer), melanophores profuse on the chest (absent). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F972FFAEFBE7760EFAD1F8B0" box="[1085,1390,1892,1917]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parkerae">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F972FFAEFBE7760EFAD1F8B0" box="[1085,1390,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Anomaloglossus parkerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has F I shorter than F II (equal to slightly longer), oblique lateral stripe absent (present), sexual dimorphism in ventral pattern absent (present). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F972FFAEFDC876C4FC91F80A" box="[530,814,1966,1991]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shrevei">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F972FFAEFDC876C4FC91F80A" box="[530,814,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Anomaloglossus shrevei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a much larger frog, up to 
<quantity id="4CF69B33F972FFAEFBA676C4FB70F805" box="[1148,1231,1966,1992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 mm</quantity>
(up to 22.3) with a truncate snout in dorsal view (round), and F I is shorter than II (equal to slightly longer). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F972FFAFFB0076BEFEFDFF7C" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tamacuarensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F972FFAFFB0076BEFEFDFF7C" italics="true" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Anomaloglossus tamacuarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has anal tubercles (absent) and F III slightly swollen in males (not swollen). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F973FFAFFB0171F2FEAEFF1B" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tepuyensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFB0171F2FEAEFF1B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Anomaloglossus tepuyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a larger frog, up to 
<quantity id="4CF69B33F973FFAFFDC871D7FDC5FF1A" box="[530,634,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="26.5">26.5 mm</quantity>
(22.3), has the F I shorter than F II (equal to slightly longer), fingers with keel-like lateral folds (finger fringes barely evident), dorsal skin granular (smooth). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F973FFAFFB0D7188FF53FEEC" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triunfo">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFB0D7188FF53FEEC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Anomaloglossus triunfo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a smaller frog, up to 
<quantity id="4CF69B33F973FFAFFDC17062FDCEFEEF" box="[539,625,264,290]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
(up to 22.3) with a triangular metacarpal tubercle (rounded), F I distinctly longer than II (equal to slightly longer) and an indistinct tympanum (distinct). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F973FFAFFB0C7047FF49FEA6" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wothuja">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFB0C7047FF49FEA6" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Anomaloglossus wothuja</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a nearly truncated snout in dorsal view (round), granular dorsal skin (smooth) and no consistent dorsal pattern (two parotoid and two para-cloacal orange marks). Finally the new species is easily distinguished from those 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F973FFAFFE1B70F7FD3EFE7B" box="[449,641,413,438]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFE1B70F7FD3EFE7B" box="[449,641,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having scanty toe webbing, 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFC0970F7FAF6FE7B" box="[979,1353,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F973FFAFFC0970F7FBFCFE7B" box="[979,1091,413,438]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beebei">A. beebei</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F973FFAFFB8A70F7FB12FE7B" box="[1104,1197,413,438]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kaiei">A. kaiei</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F973FFAFFB6370F7FAF6FE7B" box="[1209,1353,413,438]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praderioi">A. praderioi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F973FFAFFA5970F7FF4AFE16" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roraima">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFA5970F7FF4AFE16" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">A. roraima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(toe webbing moderately developed).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C314655DF973FFA3FF1E708DFD18FDBF" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F973FFAFFF1E708DFCF4FD81" blockId="5.[151,1438,152,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFF1E708DFE43FDCC" bold="true" box="[196,508,487,513]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
Description of 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F973FFAFFE50708DFE43FDCC" box="[394,508,487,513]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. Dorsal and ventral skin smooth in preservative; without tubercles on the posterior part of the dorsum. Dorsal skin forming a well-defined rounded, posteriorly projecting flap above vent, opened at the upper level of thighs; no anal tubercles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F973FFAFFF1E7332FCF1FC51" blockId="5.[151,1438,152,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
Head longer than wide, HW 33.6 % of SVL. Snout subacuminate in profile (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F973FFAFFB867332FB26FDBF" box="[1116,1177,600,626]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[229,1350,187,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1378,171,1899]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Left profile of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Dorsal view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). C. Ventral view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Ventral view of female paratopotype MHNLS 16944 showing the sexual dichromatism explained in the text. Scale equals 2 mm. E. Dorsal view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). F. Ventral view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194348/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Fig 1</figureCitation>
A), truncate in dorsal and ventral views (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F973FFAFFEAC7317FE02FD5A" box="[374,445,637,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[229,1350,187,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1378,171,1899]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Left profile of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Dorsal view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). C. Ventral view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Ventral view of female paratopotype MHNLS 16944 showing the sexual dichromatism explained in the text. Scale equals 2 mm. E. Dorsal view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). F. Ventral view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194348/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Figs 1</figureCitation>
B and 1C respectively). Nares situated near the tip of the snout and directed slightly anterolaterally, visible from the front, and barely visible from the dorsum and below. Canthus rostralis rounded; loreal region slightly concave. Interorbital region width slightly wider than upper eyelid width. Snout slightly longer than eye diameter; EN 64% of ED. Tympanum large, 40% of ED, distinct only its inferior half; its posterodorsal half hidden beneath the superficial slip of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F973FFAFFB8D7278FA2CFCE6" box="[1111,1427,786,811]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Mannophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="depressor" subSpecies="mandibulae">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFB8D7278FA2CFCE6" box="[1111,1427,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">M. depressor mandibulae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; positioned close behind eye and low, close to the angle of jaws. Maxillary teeth present. Tongue longer than wide, triangular, notched posteriorly, posterior half free; vocal slits present, large. MLP very small, round, as long as wide, positioned on the anterior third of the tongue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F973FFAFFF1E72C2FC7FFB9A" blockId="5.[151,1438,152,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
Hand length small, 27.4 % of SVL. Relative lengths of adpressed fingers III&gt;IV&gt;I&gt;II (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F973FFAFFAD972C2FAF8FC0F" box="[1283,1351,936,962]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1470,1494]" captionTargetBox="[189,1374,259,1428]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[167,1420,194,1448]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Hands and feet of Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Palmar view of the left hand of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Palmar view of the left hand of the female paratopotype MHNLS 16944. C. Sole view of the right foot of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Sole view of the left foot of the paratotype (MHNLS 19644), showing a median metatarsal tubercle. Note that there are only four toes instead five. See explanation on the text. Scale equals 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194349/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Fig 2</figureCitation>
A); F I slightly longer than F II. Discs of all fingers barely expanded; F III disc 1.2 times width of distal end of adjacent phalanx. Base of palm with large, nearly round, median palmar tubercle; oval inner thenar tubercle on base of F I; one subarticular tubercle on F I and F II, and two on F III and F IV, distal tubercles small; all tubercles low, round. Fringes only appreciable on F II, thick and low.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F973FFAFFF1E7508FC50FA6A" blockId="5.[151,1438,152,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
<collectingCountry id="F3197646F973FFAFFF1E7508FF40FBB1" box="[196,255,1122,1148]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Hind</collectingCountry>
limbs of moderate length; shank 46.6 % of SVL. Relative lengths of adpressed toes IV&gt;III&gt;V&gt;II&gt;I (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F973FFAFFF4575E2FF60FB6F" box="[159,223,1160,1186]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1470,1494]" captionTargetBox="[189,1374,259,1428]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[167,1420,194,1448]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Hands and feet of Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Palmar view of the left hand of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Palmar view of the left hand of the female paratopotype MHNLS 16944. C. Sole view of the right foot of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Sole view of the left foot of the paratotype (MHNLS 19644), showing a median metatarsal tubercle. Note that there are only four toes instead five. See explanation on the text. Scale equals 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194349/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Fig 2</figureCitation>
C); TI reaching, when adpressed, half subarticular tubercle of TII. Toe discs moderately expanded; T IV disc 1.6 times width of distal end of adjacent phalanx. Feet moderately webbed, the web distally continuous with a thick fringe on all toes, including external edges of T I and T V. Toes moderately webbed; webbing formula 
<date id="FFB01016F973FFAFFF277592FEA5FADF" box="[253,282,1272,1298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">I 1</date>
½-2½ 
<date id="FFB01016F973FFAFFEB67592FE28FADF" box="[364,407,1272,1298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">II 1</date>
2/3-3 
<date id="FFB01016F973FFAFFE3D7592FDA3FADF" box="[487,540,1272,1298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">III 2</date>
½-3 2/ 
<date id="FFB01016F973FFAFFDB67592FD1FFADF" box="[620,672,1272,1298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">3 IV</date>
4-2½ V. One to three non protuberant subarticular tubercles on toes as follows: one on T I and T II, two on T III and T V, and three on T IV. Sole with two distinct metatarsal tubercles, a round outer metatarsal tubercle, and a 1/3 longer elliptical inner metatarsal tubercle. A thick tarsal keel, straight and weakly curved distally, ending at mid length of tarsus, proximally continuous with the narrow fringe on free (preaxial) edge of T I. Metatarsal fold present, low.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F973FFAFFF1E74D8FC17F91F" blockId="5.[151,1438,152,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFF1E74D8FE65FA01" bold="true" box="[196,474,1458,1484]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Color in preservative.</emphasis>
dorsally dark brown with two conspicuous parotoid pale brown elongate marks (comma shape), and two symmetrical scapular pale brown round marks (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F973FFAFFBDD74B2FBFAFA3F" box="[1031,1093,1496,1522]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[229,1350,187,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1378,171,1899]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Left profile of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Dorsal view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). C. Ventral view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Ventral view of female paratopotype MHNLS 16944 showing the sexual dichromatism explained in the text. Scale equals 2 mm. E. Dorsal view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). F. Ventral view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194348/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Fig 1</figureCitation>
E). Rostral area pale brown. Both flanks are dark brown, with long white oblique lateral stripes, reaching the posterior edge of the arm. Upper lips dark brown with a few irregular small whitish spots; tympanic area pale brown. Arms and limbs are pale brown, bar crossed by dark brown. Two symmetrical white paracloacal marks surrounded by black. Ventral surfaces are white at simple view; under magnification, melanophores are concentrated on the throat, especially on the chin and along the edges of the lower mandible; melanophores are more scarce on the chest, and missing on the belly (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F973FFAFFE1E77D2FDBFF91F" box="[452,512,1720,1746]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[229,1350,187,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1378,171,1899]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Left profile of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Dorsal view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). C. Ventral view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Ventral view of female paratopotype MHNLS 16944 showing the sexual dichromatism explained in the text. Scale equals 2 mm. E. Dorsal view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). F. Ventral view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194348/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Fig 1</figureCitation>
F). Palms and soles are dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F973FFACFF1E77B7FEFAFEEF" blockId="5.[151,1438,152,2007]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,152,364]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFF1E77B7FED7F93A" bold="true" box="[196,360,1757,1783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Color in life</emphasis>
. The only available photo of a living male is that of an uncollected specimen. In all individuals seen was evident, however, the characteristic color described herein. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F973FFAFFB137669FEC2F88C" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F973FFAFFB137669FEC2F88C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F973FFAFFE0D7642FDABF88F" box="[471,532,1832,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1977,2001]" captionTargetBox="[241,1341,197,1955]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[241,1342,197,1956]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. in life. A. Male. B. Female. Specimens not collected. Photo by Zelimir Cernelic." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194350/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Fig 3</figureCitation>
A) differ from all known species in the genus by showing some bright marks, mostly on the parotoid area (orange), upper arm (orange), post tympanic area (white and orange); paracloacal area (orange), inguinal region and oblique lateral stripe (yellow), and some bluish small spots on the flanks, upper lip, and fingers. Also the upper surfaces of hind limbs are dull orange, barred with dark brown. The rest of dorsum is dark brown with darker brown canthal, supratympanic and interorbital stripes; ventrally males are bright yellow. Females (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFE3B71F2FDA0FF7F" box="[481,543,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1977,2001]" captionTargetBox="[241,1341,197,1955]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[241,1342,197,1956]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. in life. A. Male. B. Female. Specimens not collected. Photo by Zelimir Cernelic." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194350/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 3</figureCitation>
B) are more according to dull colored 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F970FFACFC3C71F2FB19FF7C" box="[998,1190,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F970FFACFC3C71F2FB19FF7C" box="[998,1190,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as they are dorsally light brown to greyish, with dark brown marks; the parotoid and paracloacal areas are dull orange, and the axilar region can be yellowish. The fingers have bright bluish white rings beside the finger discs; ventrally they are white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F970FFACFF1E7047FAA5FEA1" blockId="6.[151,1436,152,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F970FFACFF1E7047FDB0FE8A" bold="true" box="[196,527,301,327]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
Measurements of 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F970FFACFE7E7047FDB0FE8A" box="[420,527,301,327]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(in mm). SVL: 19.3; SL: 9.0; FL: 8.8; HeL: 8.0; HW: 6.5; EN: 1.6; ED: 2.5; TD: 1.0; F3D: 0.6; T4D: 0.6 1FiL: 3.0; 2FiL: 2.7. See 
<tableCitation id="C68C036DF970FFACFCCE7038FCD5FEA1" box="[788,874,338,364]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,239,414,438]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,538,1031]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (in mm) of adult males and females of Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum. Abbreviations are defined in the materials and methods section. Values are means ± standard deviation; maximum and minimum values are in parentheses." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF71665EF970FFACFF4D70F4FE89FE33" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" tableUuid="DF71665EF970FFACFF4D70F4FE89FE33">Table 1</tableCitation>
for measurements of the 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F970FFACFB4F7038FB78FEA1" box="[1173,1223,338,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
series.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF71665EF970FFACFF4D70F4FE89FE33" ID-Table-UUID="DF71665EF970FFACFF4D70F4FE89FE33" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF71665EF970FFACFF4D70F4FE89FE33" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[151,1436,538,1031]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F970FFACFF4D70F4FE89FE33" blockId="6.[151,1436,414,510]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F970FFACFF4D70F4FEB7FE7B" bold="true" box="[151,264,414,438]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Measurements (in mm) of adult males and females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F970FFACFC9170F5FB6EFE7B" box="[843,1233,415,438]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F970FFACFC9170F5FB6EFE7B" box="[843,1233,415,438]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Abbreviations are defined in the materials and methods section. Values are means ± standard deviation; maximum and minimum values are in parentheses.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F970FFACFF457370FB23FBCA" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<table id="F90EC476F9700055FF4D7370FA23FBCA" box="[151,1436,538,1031]" gridcols="3" gridrows="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<tr id="353E3494F9700055FF4D7370FA23FDFC" box="[151,1436,538,561]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FF4D7370FEB8FDFC" box="[151,263,538,561]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Character</th>
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FDC57370FCBEFDFC" box="[543,769,538,561]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Males (n= 4)</th>
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FC397370FA23FDFC" box="[995,1436,538,561]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Females (n= 9)</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353E3494F9700055FF4D732FFA23FD91" box="[151,1436,581,604]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FF4D732FFEB8FD91" box="[151,263,581,604]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">SVL</th>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FDC5732FFCBEFD91" box="[543,769,581,604]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">18.8±0.7 (17.8–19.5)</td>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FC39732FFA23FD91" box="[995,1436,581,604]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">19.3±1.8 (16.9–22.3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E3494F9700055FF4D731AFA23FD7C" box="[151,1436,624,689]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FF4D731AFEB8FD7C" box="[151,263,624,689]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">SL FL</th>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FDC5731AFCBEFD7C" box="[543,769,624,689]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">8.5±1.1 (7–9.5) 8±0.8 (7.2–8.9)</td>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FC39731AFA23FD7C" box="[995,1436,624,689]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">9.1±0.6 (8–9.8) 8.4±0.8 (6.8–9.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E3494F9700055FF4D73AFFA23FD11" box="[151,1436,709,732]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FF4D73AFFEB8FD11" box="[151,263,709,732]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">HeL</th>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FDC573AFFCBEFD11" box="[543,769,709,732]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">8.1±0.5 (7.6–8.8)</td>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FC3973AFFA23FD11" box="[995,1436,709,732]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">8.3±1.0 (7–9.6)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E3494F9700055FF4D739AFA23FCFC" box="[151,1436,752,817]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FF4D739AFEB8FCFC" box="[151,263,752,817]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">HW ED</th>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FDC5739AFCBEFCFC" box="[543,769,752,817]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">6.7±0.5 (6–7.3) 2.2±0.1 (2.1–2.4)</td>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FC39739AFA23FCFC" box="[995,1436,752,817]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">7.0±0.5 (6.2–7.6) 2.3±0.3 (1.9–2.7)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E3494F9700055FF4D722FFA23FC91" box="[151,1436,837,860]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FF4D722FFEB8FC91" box="[151,263,837,860]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">TD</th>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FDC5722FFCBEFC91" box="[543,769,837,860]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">1±0.1 (0.9–1.1)</td>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FC39722FFA23FC91" box="[995,1436,837,860]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">1.1±0.2 (0.8–1.4)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E3494F9700055FF4D721AFA23FC7C" box="[151,1436,880,945]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FF4D721AFEB8FC7C" box="[151,263,880,945]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">F3D T4D</th>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FDC5721AFCBEFC7C" box="[543,769,880,945]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">0.5±0.1 (0.4–0.6) 0.6±0.1 (0.5–0.8)</td>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FC39721AFA23FC7C" box="[995,1436,880,945]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">0.6±0.1 (0.5–0.8) 0.7±0.1 (0.5–0.8)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E3494F9700055FF4D72AFFA23FC11" box="[151,1436,965,988]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FF4D72AFFEB8FC11" box="[151,263,965,988]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">1FiL</th>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FDC572AFFCBEFC11" box="[543,769,965,988]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">3±0.2 (2.8–3.3)</td>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FC3972AFFA23FC11" box="[995,1436,965,988]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">3±0.3 (2.5–3.4)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353E3494F9700055FF4D729AFA23FBCA" box="[151,1436,1008,1031]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<th id="76EF5DE8F9700055FF4D729AFEB8FBCA" box="[151,263,1008,1031]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">2FiL</th>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FDC5729AFCBEFBCA" box="[543,769,1008,1031]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">2.7±0.3 (2.4–3)</td>
<td id="76EF5DE8F9700055FC39729AFA23FBCA" box="[995,1436,1008,1031]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">2.8±0.3 (2.5–3.4)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F970FFACFF1E7525FF75FAE9" blockId="6.[151,1437,1103,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F970FFACFF1E7525FE81FBA4" bold="true" box="[196,318,1103,1129]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Variation</emphasis>
. The only difference between males and females in preservative is the throat coloration, immaculate white on females, with few melanophores on the chin edge (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFC38751FFBA3FB42" box="[994,1052,1141,1167]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[229,1350,187,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1378,171,1899]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Left profile of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Dorsal view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). C. Ventral view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Ventral view of female paratopotype MHNLS 16944 showing the sexual dichromatism explained in the text. Scale equals 2 mm. E. Dorsal view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). F. Ventral view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194348/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 1</figureCitation>
D), and dirty white to greyish on males, with a profusion of melanophores observed with magnification (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFC3475F0FB94FB79" box="[1006,1067,1178,1204]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[229,1350,187,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1378,171,1899]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Left profile of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Dorsal view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). C. Ventral view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Ventral view of female paratopotype MHNLS 16944 showing the sexual dichromatism explained in the text. Scale equals 2 mm. E. Dorsal view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). F. Ventral view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194348/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 1</figureCitation>
C). Size is not very significant (mean SVL of males 18.8 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F970FFACFE0675AAFE53FB14" box="[476,492,1216,1241]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">±</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CF69B33F970FFACFE3675AAFDF1FB17" box="[492,590,1216,1242]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
; mean SVL of females 19.3 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F970FFACFC7F75AAFC0AFB14" box="[933,949,1216,1241]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">±</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CF69B33F970FFACFC6C75AAFBA6FB17" box="[950,1049,1216,1242]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
). The shape of the snout is also variable; truncate (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFEA9758FFE10FB32" box="[371,431,1253,1279]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[229,1350,187,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1378,171,1899]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Left profile of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Dorsal view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). C. Ventral view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Ventral view of female paratopotype MHNLS 16944 showing the sexual dichromatism explained in the text. Scale equals 2 mm. E. Dorsal view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). F. Ventral view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194348/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 1</figureCitation>
C) to round (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFD90758FFD39FB32" box="[586,646,1253,1279]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[229,1350,187,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[218,1378,171,1899]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Left profile of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Dorsal view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). C. Ventral view of the head of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Ventral view of female paratopotype MHNLS 16944 showing the sexual dichromatism explained in the text. Scale equals 2 mm. E. Dorsal view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). F. Ventral view of the holotype (MHNLS 19649)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194348/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 1</figureCitation>
D). The shape of the fingers can be slender (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFB4E758FFB6CFB32" box="[1172,1235,1253,1279]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1470,1494]" captionTargetBox="[189,1374,259,1428]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[167,1420,194,1448]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Hands and feet of Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Palmar view of the left hand of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Palmar view of the left hand of the female paratopotype MHNLS 16944. C. Sole view of the right foot of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Sole view of the left foot of the paratotype (MHNLS 19644), showing a median metatarsal tubercle. Note that there are only four toes instead five. See explanation on the text. Scale equals 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194349/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 2</figureCitation>
A) or robust (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFAA9758FFF17FAE9" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1470,1494]" captionTargetBox="[189,1374,259,1428]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[167,1420,194,1448]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Hands and feet of Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Palmar view of the left hand of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Palmar view of the left hand of the female paratopotype MHNLS 16944. C. Sole view of the right foot of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Sole view of the left foot of the paratotype (MHNLS 19644), showing a median metatarsal tubercle. Note that there are only four toes instead five. See explanation on the text. Scale equals 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194349/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 2</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F970FFACFF1E745AFAB0FA59" blockId="6.[151,1437,1103,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
Although in the 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F970FFACFE5C745AFE06FA87" box="[390,441,1328,1354]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
series there is not an individual that presents warts or flat tubercles on the posterior part of the body or on the thighs, as is usual for 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F970FFACFD65743FFCC0FAA3" box="[703,895,1365,1390]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F970FFACFD65743FFCC0FAA3" box="[703,895,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a few flat warts can be appreciated in 
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFA99743FFAC1FAA2" box="[1347,1406,1365,1391]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1977,2001]" captionTargetBox="[241,1341,197,1955]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[241,1342,197,1956]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. in life. A. Male. B. Female. Specimens not collected. Photo by Zelimir Cernelic." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194350/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 3</figureCitation>
A. The paracloacal marks are most patterned and bright on males (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFCA47410FC04FA59" box="[894,955,1402,1428]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1977,2001]" captionTargetBox="[241,1341,197,1955]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[241,1342,197,1956]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. in life. A. Male. B. Female. Specimens not collected. Photo by Zelimir Cernelic." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194350/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 3</figureCitation>
A) than on females (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFB767410FB54FA59" box="[1196,1259,1402,1428]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1977,2001]" captionTargetBox="[241,1341,197,1955]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[241,1342,197,1956]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. in life. A. Male. B. Female. Specimens not collected. Photo by Zelimir Cernelic." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194350/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 3</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F970FFACFF1E74CAFF5CF9B9" blockId="6.[151,1437,1103,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Little variation is observed in dorsal coloration of females. The back can be light to dark brown, with irregular darker marks, barely distinct on dark specimens (MHNLS 19646, MHNLS 19648, CVULA 7139, for instance), and conspicuous on lighter specimens (CVULA 7137-38). The marks are usually a dark interorbital bar pointing backwards, two symmetric dark and round spots on the occipital area, and an inverted W behind the head (CVULA 7140). All specimens have the hind limbs bar-crossed, being better marked on males.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F970FFACFF1E77EAFF73F8C7" blockId="6.[151,1437,1103,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
On the left foot of MHNLS 19644 there is a median metatarsal tubercle, half size of inner metatarsal tubercle; the outer metatarsal tubercle is much bigger than on right side; and there is another smaller median tubercle just below the median one. The left foot lacks one toe naturally, apparently T IV) (see remarks; 
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFAAE77A0FF18F8C7" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1470,1494]" captionTargetBox="[189,1374,259,1428]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[167,1420,194,1448]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Hands and feet of Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Palmar view of the left hand of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Palmar view of the left hand of the female paratopotype MHNLS 16944. C. Sole view of the right foot of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Sole view of the left foot of the paratotype (MHNLS 19644), showing a median metatarsal tubercle. Note that there are only four toes instead five. See explanation on the text. Scale equals 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194349/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 2</figureCitation>
D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F970FFACFF1E7672FD76F821" blockId="6.[151,1437,1103,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F970FFACFF1E7672FEE0F8FF" bold="true" box="[196,351,1816,1842]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Vocalization</emphasis>
. A single call was recorded at 24.5 ºC the morning of the 19th of June, 2007. The complete train call has 152 pulsed notes (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFDD57657FDEFF89A" box="[527,592,1853,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1930,1954]" captionTargetBox="[229,1329,210,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[212,1355,177,1898]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Audiospectrogram and B. oscillogram of a complete trill call with 152 notes. 24.5 ºCelsius. C. audiospectrogram and D. oscillogram of an amplified random section of the complete call sequence." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194351/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 4</figureCitation>
A, 4B), lasting 17.14 sec. Nine notes are produced per second (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F970FFACFA9B7657FA3DF89A" box="[1345,1410,1853,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1930,1954]" captionTargetBox="[229,1329,210,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[212,1355,177,1898]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Audiospectrogram and B. oscillogram of a complete trill call with 152 notes. 24.5 ºCelsius. C. audiospectrogram and D. oscillogram of an amplified random section of the complete call sequence." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194351/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Fig 4</figureCitation>
C, 4D). The dominant frequency is at 4405 Hz while the fundamental is at 3921 Hz. 25 consecutive notes were chosen at random on the spectrogram to determine note duration and inter-note interval. Note duration and inter-note interval were measured, respectively, 0.067±0.003; 0.064–0.072 sec, and 0.044±0.003; 0.0042– 0.0048 sec. (mean±SD and range, respectively).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF71665EF971FFADFF4D76D3FEF0F83C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194350/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" targetBox="[241,1341,197,1955]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F971FFADFF4D76D3FEF0F83C" blockId="7.[151,1436,1977,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F971FFADFF4D76D3FEA7F81C" bold="true" box="[151,280,1977,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F971FFADFEC576D0FD1AF81C" box="[287,677,1978,2001]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F971FFADFEC576D0FD1AF81C" box="[287,677,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F971FFADFD7176D3FCBFF81C" bold="true" box="[683,768,1977,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957BFF971FFADFD7176D3FCBFF81C" box="[683,768,1977,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in life. A. Male. B. Female. Specimens not collected. Photo by Zelimir Cernelic.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF71665EF97EFFA2FF4D76E0FE29F82F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194351/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" targetBox="[229,1329,210,1884]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97EFFA2FF4D76E0FE29F82F" blockId="8.[151,1436,1930,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97EFFA2FF4D76E0FEA5F86F" bold="true" box="[151,282,1930,1954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97EFFA2FEF876E1FD12F86F" box="[290,685,1931,1954]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97EFFA2FEF876E1FD12F86F" box="[290,685,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97EFFA2FD6F76E0FCB3F86F" bold="true" box="[693,780,1930,1954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957BFF97EFFA2FD6F76E0FCB3F86F" box="[693,780,1930,1954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A. Audiospectrogram and B. oscillogram of a complete trill call with 152 notes. 24.5 ºCelsius. C. audiospectrogram and D. oscillogram of an amplified random section of the complete call sequence.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97FFFA3FF1E71FDFD18FDBF" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1970]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FF1E71FDFE22FF7C" bold="true" box="[196,413,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Call comparisons</emphasis>
. Only five 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FDF871F2FD5DFF7C" box="[546,738,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FDF871F2FD5DFF7C" box="[546,738,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
advertisement calls are known. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97FFFA3FB8171F2FA8CFF7F" box="[1115,1331,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="49" refString="Grant, T., Humphrey, E. C. &amp; Myers, C. W. (1997) The median lingual process of frogs: a bizarre character of old world ranoids disvovered in South American dendrobatids. American Museum Novitates, 3212, 1 - 40." type="journal article">Grant et al. (1997)</bibRefCitation>
describe the call of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FEC771D7FD2FFF1B" box="[285,656,189,214]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atopoglossus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FEC771D7FD2FFF1B" box="[285,656,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Anomaloglossus atopoglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97FFFA3FD7B71D7FC5AFF1A" author="Myers" box="[673,997,189,215]" pageId="9" pageNumber="49" refString="Myers, C. W. &amp; Donnelly, M. A. (1997) A tepui herpetofauna on a granitic mountain (Tamacuari) in the borderland between Venezuela and Brazil. Report of the Phipps-Tapirapeco Expedition. American Museum Novitates, 3213, 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="1997">Myers &amp; Donnelly (1997)</bibRefCitation>
that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FB9D71D7FAA2FF1B" box="[1095,1309,189,214]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tamacuarensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FB9D71D7FAA2FF1B" box="[1095,1309,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">A. tamacuarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97FFFA3FAF471D7FEE6FF31" author="Myers" pageId="9" pageNumber="49" refString="Myers, C. W. &amp; Donnelly, M. A. (2008) The summit herpetofauna of Auyantepui, Venezuela: Report from the Robert G. Goelet American Museum-TERRAMAR Expedition. Bulletin American Museum of Natural History, 308, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2008">Myers &amp; Donnelly (2008)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FEBB7188FE44FF36" box="[353,507,226,251]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tepuyensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FEBB7188FE44FF36" box="[353,507,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">A. tepuyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97FFFA3FDE67188FCB4FF31" author="Kok" box="[572,779,226,252]" pageId="9" pageNumber="49" refString="Kok, P. J. R., Shambu, H., Roopsind, I., Lenglet, G. L. &amp; Bourna, G. R. (2006 a) A new species of Colostethus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) with maternal care from Kaiteur National Park, Guyana. Zootaxa, 1238, 35 - 61." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="a">
Kok 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FDAF7188FD0FFF36" box="[629,688,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
(2006a
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97FFFA3FCCD7188FCDDFF31" author="Kok" box="[791,866,226,252]" pageId="9" pageNumber="49" refString="Kok, P. J. R., MacCulloch, R. D., Gaucher, P., Poelman, E. H., Bourne, G. R., Lathrop, A. &amp; Lenglet, G. L. (2006 b) A new species of Colostethus (Anura, Dendrobatidae) from French Guiana with a redescription of Colostethus beebei (Noble, 1923) from its type locality. Phyllomedusa, 5, 43 - 66." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="b">2006b</bibRefCitation>
) 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FCA87188FC74FF36" box="[882,971,226,251]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kaiei">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FCA87188FC74FF36" box="[882,971,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">A. kaiei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FBDE7188FBCEFF36" box="[1028,1137,226,251]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beebei">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FBDE7188FBCEFF36" box="[1028,1137,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">A. beebei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For comparison we note (in parentheses) the pertinent call characters of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FD2D7062FBAEFEEC" box="[759,1041,264,289]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FD2D7062FBAEFEEC" box="[759,1041,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">A. verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FBF87062FA22FEEC" box="[1058,1437,264,289]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atopoglossus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FBF87062FA22FEEC" box="[1058,1437,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Anomaloglossus atopoglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
produces calls with 12–14 notes (152), with note call duration of 0.7–0.9 sec (0.06 sec), and a frequency from 4160 to 4240 Hz (3921-4405 Hz). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FDF67038FC21FEA6" box="[556,926,338,363]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tamacuarensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FDF67038FC21FEA6" box="[556,926,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Anomaloglossus tamacuarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
call consists of a long train of double notes (single notes) given at three per second, resulting in six notes per second (9), with a frequency of 3840 Hz (3921–4405 Hz). The call of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FE3770F7FD37FE7B" box="[493,648,413,438]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tepuyensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FE3770F7FD37FE7B" box="[493,648,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">A. tepuyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a short trill of 14–22 notes (152), with 4–7 notes per second (9), with frequency varying from 3270 to 3580 Hz (3921–4405 Hz). 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FC4170A8FB20FE16" box="[923,1183,450,475]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kaiei">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FC4170A8FB20FE16" box="[923,1183,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Anomaloglossus kaiei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not have a trill, but instead a repetitive and unmodulated call with a note duration of 0.03 and inter-note duration of 0.1 sec (0.06; 0.04 sec) and a dominant frequency of 4850 Hz (3921–4405 Hz). Finally, the described call of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FAF57367FA23FDEB" box="[1327,1436,525,550]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beebei">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FAF57367FA23FDEB" box="[1327,1436,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">A. beebei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a series of whistled trills made from 2 to 5 modulated notes (continuous trill), with a frequency of 4640 Hz (3921–4405 Hz), and 7 (10) calls per second.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C314655DF97FFFA3FF1E7317FD0EFB0A" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97FFFA3FF1E7317FB99FCE1" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1970]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FF1E7317FEE0FD5A" bold="true" box="[196,351,637,663]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Distribution</emphasis>
. Known from its 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F97FFFA3FDEE7317FDD8FD5A" box="[564,615,637,663]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
locality and a nearby site (Cerro el Tigre, near Tobogán de la Selva, together a single spot in the map, 
<figureCitation id="13352A53F97FFFA3FDF073C8FDD5FD71" box="[554,618,674,700]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1285,1309]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,181,1265]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[188,1398,181,1266]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Distribution of the genus Anomaloglossus in Venezuela. 1. A. verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. type locality. 2. A. wothuja. 3. A. guanayensis. 4. A. shrevei. 5. A. parimae. 6. A. tamacuarensis. 7. A. ayarzagüenai. 8. A. moffetti. 9. A. tepuyensis. 10. A. triunfo. 11. A. murisipanensis. 12. A. parkerae. 13. A. praderioi and A. roraima. 14. A. breweri." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194352/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Fig 5</figureCitation>
), where the species was heard calling in sympatry with 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FADF73C8FE9BFD2C" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FADF73C8FE9FFD2C" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Dendrobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucomelas">Dendrobates leucomelas</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
There is no reason to believe that the new species does not occur throughout lowland rainforest on granitic substrate at least through the north-western Amazonas and Bolívar states in 
<collectingCountry id="F3197646F97FFFA3FB717387FA96FCCA" box="[1195,1321,749,775]" name="Venezuela" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
. The area has been little explored, existing a continuum of habitat both to the NE and S.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97FFFA3FF1E725DFC36FBFF" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1970]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FF1E725DFE35FC9C" bold="true" box="[196,394,823,849]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Natural history</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FE437252FCECFC9C" box="[409,851,824,849]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FE437252FCECFC9C" box="[409,851,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only been seen active on rainy days. Of the many times that the stream at Tobogán de la Selva was visited (from 
<date id="FFB01016F97FFFA3FC1F7237FBDCFCBA" box="[965,1123,861,887]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" value="1995" valueMax="2007">1995 to 2007</date>
, at least once a year), only in two instances was the species apparent, in both cases during and after rains. The 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F97FFFA3FB4F72E8FB76FC51" box="[1173,1225,898,924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
series was found active on the ground of an immense sandstone slab under rainforest on 
<date id="FFB01016F97FFFA3FC0F72C2FBC6FC0F" box="[981,1145,936,962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" value="2005-04-22">22 April 2005</date>
(
<figureCitation id="13352A53F97FFFA3FB5272C2FB77FC0F" box="[1160,1224,936,962]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,256,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,346,1252]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[188,1398,346,1254]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Natural habitat of the type locality of Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov., Tobogán de la Selva, Estado Amazonas, Venezuela." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194353/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Fig 6</figureCitation>
). Around midday, after a rain in the morning, males were calling, and most individuals were seen along the slab, hiding rapidly under boulders when we approached. The animals were also seen and heard on 19 and 20 of 
<date id="FFB01016F97FFFA3FB0C7298FAF1FBC1" box="[1238,1358,1010,1036]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" value="2007-06">June 2007</date>
inside the forest although never more than 
<quantity id="4CF69B33F97FFFA3FDE57572FDC4FBFF" box="[575,635,1048,1074]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
away from the stream.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97FFFA3FF1E7557FD0EFB0A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1970]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
Other herpetofauna observed along the creek inside the forest were (during the day) 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FB267557FA2CFBB1" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FB267557FE74FBB1" authority="Synapturanus" authorityName="Synapturanus" class="Amphibia" family="Dendrobatidae" genus="Dendrobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucomelas">Dendrobates leucomelas, Synapturanus</taxonomicName>
salseri, Gymnophtalmus sp., Plica pansticta, Corallus hortulanus, Bothrops atrox
</emphasis>
; and (at night) 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FEE575E2FEF8FB0B" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FEE575E2FD68FB6C" authority="Leptodactylus" authorityName="Leptodactylus" box="[319,727,1160,1185]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vilarsi">Pristimantis vilarsi, Leptodactylus</taxonomicName>
lithonaetes, Leptodeira annulata, Oxyrhopus melanogenys, Sibon nebulata
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FE5A75C7FD15FB0B" box="[384,682,1197,1222]" class="Reptilia" family="Alligatoridae" genus="Paleosuchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palpebrosus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FE5A75C7FD15FB0B" box="[384,682,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Paleosuchus palpebrosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C314655DF97FFFA3FF1E75B8FE66FA4F" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97FFFA3FF1E75B8FE66FA4F" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1970]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FF1E75B8FEF6FB21" bold="true" box="[196,329,1234,1260]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Etymology</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FE8275B9FD81FB21" box="[344,574,1235,1260]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FE8275B9FD81FB21" box="[344,574,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is genitive plural that we apply to honor the 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FB9475B9FB15FB21" box="[1102,1194,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Verbeek</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FB3E75B9FA8AFB21" box="[1252,1333,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Snyder</emphasis>
families from Dallas, Texas, who won the auction made by the Amphibian Ark during the “2008 Year of the Frog” campaign. The funds donated went directly to the “ 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FCCE7477FC5CFAFA" authority="Project" authorityName="Project" box="[788,995,1309,1335]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FCCE7477FC3FFAFB" box="[788,896,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Atelopus</emphasis>
Project
</taxonomicName>
” managed by Fundación AndígenA (www.andigena.org) in Mérida, 
<collectingCountry id="F3197646F97FFFA3FDD57428FD34FA91" box="[527,651,1346,1372]" name="Venezuela" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, for field investigation and conservation efforts aimed at protecting Andean amphibian species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C314655DF97FFFA1FF1E74E7FC15FEEF" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97FFFA3FF1E74E7FBD0F91F" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1970]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FF1E74E7FE85FA6A" bold="true" box="[196,314,1421,1447]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Remarks</emphasis>
. Median metatarsal tubercles are not uncommon in dendrobatids (e.g. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FB7D74E7FE5EFA01" authority="Myers &amp; Donnelly 2001" authorityName="Myers &amp; Donnelly" authorityYear="2001" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Allobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undulatus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FB7D74E7FA22FA6B" box="[1191,1437,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Allobates undulatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97FFFA3FF4D74D8FE5EFA01" author="Myers" box="[151,481,1458,1484]" pageId="9" pageNumber="49" refString="Myers, C. W. &amp; Donnelly, M. A. (2001) Herpetofauna of the Yutaje-Corocoro Massif, Venezuela: second report from the Robert G. Goelet American Museum Terramar Expedition to the northwestern tepuis. Bulletin American Museum of Natural History, 261, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="2001">Myers &amp; Donnelly 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FE2D74D9FC85FA01" box="[503,826,1459,1484]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triunfo">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FE2D74D9FC85FA01" box="[503,826,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Anomaloglossus triunfo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FC5A74D9FA2DFA01" authority="Barrio-Amoros et al. 2004" authorityName="Barrio-Amoros et al." authorityYear="2004" box="[896,1426,1458,1484]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wothuja">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FC5A74D9FBACFA01" box="[896,1043,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">A. wothuja</emphasis>
, Barrio-Amorós 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FB2574D9FAFBFA01" box="[1279,1348,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FF4D74B2FC31FA3F" authority="Barrio-Amoros &amp; Brewer-Carias 2008" authorityName="Barrio-Amoros &amp; Brewer-Carias" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,910,1496,1522]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moffetti">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FF4D74B2FE06FA3C" box="[151,441,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Anomaloglossus moffetti</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97FFFA3FE1B74B2FC31FA3F" author="Barrio-Amoros" box="[449,910,1496,1522]" pageId="9" pageNumber="49" refString="Barrio-Amoros, C. L. &amp; Brewer-Carias, C. (2008) Herpetological results of the 2002 Expedition to Sarisarinama, a tepui in Venezuelan Guayana, with the description of five new species. Zootaxa, 1942, 1 - 68." type="journal article" year="2008">Barrio-Amorós &amp; Brewer-Carías 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). Malformations on fingers and toes are also common in stream dwelling species (
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FDBE7497FC07F9DB" box="[612,952,1533,1558]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Mannophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cordilleriana">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FDBE7497FC07F9DB" box="[612,952,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Mannophryne cordilleriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Andes, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FB4B7497FAB2F9DB" box="[1169,1293,1533,1558]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Mannophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="riveroi">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FB4B7497FAB2F9DB" box="[1169,1293,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">M. riveroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FA907497FE86F9F1" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Mannophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FA907497FE86F9F1" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">M. aff. venezuelensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Peninsula de Paria, and 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97FFFA3FD7E7749FCCAF9F1" box="[676,885,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97FFFA3FD7E7749FC8CF9F1" box="[676,819,1571,1596]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Aromobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">Aromobates</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957BFF97FFFA3FCE67749FCCAF9F1" box="[828,885,1571,1596]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" rank="species">n. sp</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
. from Serranía de Perijá, for example; CLBA pers. obs.). Apart from the paratopotype MHNLS 19644, no other specimen in the 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F97FFFA3FBA27722FB14F9AF" box="[1144,1195,1608,1634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
series has a median metatarsal tubercle. The state of the left foot of MHNLS 19644 is quite unusual (
<figureCitation id="13352A53F97FFFA3FB437707FB61F94A" box="[1177,1246,1645,1671]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1470,1494]" captionTargetBox="[189,1374,259,1428]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[167,1420,194,1448]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Hands and feet of Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum sp. nov. A. Palmar view of the left hand of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). B. Palmar view of the left hand of the female paratopotype MHNLS 16944. C. Sole view of the right foot of the holotype (MHNLS 19649). D. Sole view of the left foot of the paratotype (MHNLS 19644), showing a median metatarsal tubercle. Note that there are only four toes instead five. See explanation on the text. Scale equals 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194349/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Fig 2</figureCitation>
D). There is no evidence that a toe has been lost (no malformation is evident) and it is difficult to discern which toe is lacking; Fingers I and II have their typical characters, it seems that F III is naturally missing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97FFFA3FF1E77B7FECFF87F" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1970]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
Hand and foot malformations were also found in two other specimens of the 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F97FFFA3FB8E77B7FB38F93A" box="[1108,1159,1757,1783]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
series (MHNLS 19648 and CVULA 7139). MHNLS 19646 had broken skin on the left thumb, only a phalanx is present. MHNLS 19648 has F III and F IV of the right hand broken. CVULA 7139 shows an evident reduction of T I of the left foot, and T I on the right foot is, as in the 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F97FFFA3FD5D7627FD4FF8AA" box="[647,752,1869,1895]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, missing. In this specimen it is clear that the missing digit is the thumb as the inner metatarsal tubercle is hypertrophied, and a small disc appears to have developed from that tubercle.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF71665EF97CFFA0FF4D746FFAEBFA91" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194352/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[188,1398,181,1265]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97CFFA0FF4D746FFAEBFA91" blockId="10.[151,1436,1285,1372]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FF4D746FFEA4FAD0" bold="true" box="[151,283,1285,1309]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Distribution of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FDEC746FFD59FAD1" box="[566,742,1285,1308]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FDEC746FFD59FAD1" box="[566,742,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Venezuela. 1. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FC7A746FFB2EFAD1" box="[928,1169,1285,1308]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FC7A746FFB2EFAD1" box="[928,1169,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FB42746FFB50FAD0" bold="true" box="[1176,1263,1285,1309]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24957BFF97CFFA0FB42746FFB50FAD0" box="[1176,1263,1285,1309]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
type locality. 2. 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FF4D744FFEADFAF1" box="[151,274,1317,1340]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FF4D744FFEB0FAF1" box="[151,271,1317,1340]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wothuja">A. wothuja</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
3. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FEEE744FFE69FAF1" box="[308,470,1317,1340]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guanayensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FEEE744FFE69FAF1" box="[308,470,1317,1340]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. guanayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 4. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FE25744FFDD6FAF1" box="[511,617,1317,1340]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shrevei">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FE25744FFDD6FAF1" box="[511,617,1317,1340]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. shrevei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 5. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FD48744FFCB6FAF1" box="[658,777,1317,1340]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parimae">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FD48744FFCB6FAF1" box="[658,777,1317,1340]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. parimae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 6. 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FCE8744FFC4DFAF1" box="[818,1010,1317,1340]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FCE8744FFC51FAF1" box="[818,1006,1317,1340]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tamacuarensis">A. tamacuarensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
7. 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FBCE744FFB74FAF1" box="[1044,1227,1317,1340]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FBCE744FFB78FAF1" box="[1044,1223,1317,1340]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayarzaguenai">A. ayarzagüenai</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
8. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FB36744FFAE4FAF1" box="[1260,1371,1317,1340]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moffetti">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FB36744FFAE4FAF1" box="[1260,1371,1317,1340]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. moffetti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 9. 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FA5F744FFEB2FA91" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FA5F744FFEB6FA91" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tepuyensis">A. tepuyensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
10. 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FEE1742FFE16FA91" box="[315,425,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FEE1742FFE1AFA91" box="[315,421,1349,1372]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triunfo">A. triunfo</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
11. 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FE0C742FFD23FA91" box="[470,668,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FE0C742FFD27FA91" box="[470,664,1349,1372]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="murisipanensis">A. murisipanensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
12. 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FD10742FFCF0FA91" box="[714,847,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FD10742FFCF3FA91" box="[714,844,1349,1372]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parkerae">A. parkerae</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
13. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FCA7742FFC40FA91" box="[893,1023,1349,1372]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praderioi">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FCA7742FFC40FA91" box="[893,1023,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. praderioi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FBE9742FFB10FA91" box="[1075,1199,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FBE9742FFB14FA91" box="[1075,1195,1349,1372]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roraima">A. roraima</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
14. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FB06742FFAF0FA91" box="[1244,1359,1349,1372]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breweri">A. breweri</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97CFFA0FF1E74EFFE77F849" blockId="10.[151,1437,1413,2036]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FF1E74EFFEECFA52" bold="true" box="[196,339,1413,1439]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Discussion.</emphasis>
The Median Lingual Process (MLP) is diagnostic of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FB8474EFFA9BFA53" box="[1118,1316,1413,1438]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FB8474EFFA9BFA53" box="[1118,1316,1413,1438]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
yet it has been reported from 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FEA674C1FB1BFA09" box="[380,1188,1451,1476]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FEA674C1FD60FA09" box="[380,735,1451,1476]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atopoglossus">Anomaloglossus atopoglossus</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FD3074C1FC32FA09" box="[746,909,1451,1476]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacrimosus">A. lacrimosus</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FC4274C1FB9AFA09" box="[920,1061,1451,1476]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parkerae">A. parkerae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FBEA74C1FB1BFA09" box="[1072,1188,1451,1476]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shrevei">A. shrevei</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FB6B74C1FAF4FA09" box="[1201,1355,1451,1476]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tepuyensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FB6B74C1FAF4FA09" box="[1201,1355,1451,1476]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. tepuyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FA5974C1FEFAFA24" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tamacuarensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FA5974C1FEFAFA24" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. tamacuarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97CFFA0FE8C74BAFD95FA27" author="Grant" box="[342,554,1488,1514]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" refString="Grant, T., Humphrey, E. C. &amp; Myers, C. W. (1997) The median lingual process of frogs: a bizarre character of old world ranoids disvovered in South American dendrobatids. American Museum Novitates, 3212, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1997">
Grant 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FE7E74BAFE5DFA24" box="[420,482,1488,1513]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97CFFA0FDED74BAFCC6FA27" author="Myers" box="[567,889,1488,1514]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" refString="Myers, C. W. &amp; Donnelly, M. A. (1997) A tepui herpetofauna on a granitic mountain (Tamacuari) in the borderland between Venezuela and Brazil. Report of the Phipps-Tapirapeco Expedition. American Museum Novitates, 3213, 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="1997">Myers and Donnelly 1997</bibRefCitation>
). The presence of an MLP in other described species from Venezuelan Guayana by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97CFFA0FD83749FFC9BF9C2" box="[601,804,1525,1551]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" refString="La Marca, E. (1996) Ranas del genero Colostethus (Amphibia: Anura: Dendrobatidae) de la Guayana Venezolana, con la descripcion de siete nuevas especies. Publicaciones de la Asociacion Amigos de Donana, 9, 1 - 64." type="journal article">La Marca (1996)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FCEA749FFE67F9F9" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FCEA749FFC4BF9C3" box="[816,1012,1525,1550]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayarzaguenai">A. ayarzaguenai</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FBDA749FFB09F9C3" box="[1024,1206,1525,1550]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guanayensis">A. guanayensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FB18749FFA28F9C3" box="[1218,1431,1525,1550]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="murisipanensis">A. murisipanensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FF4D7771FE94F9F9" box="[151,299,1563,1588]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parimae">A. parimae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FEE37771FE67F9F9" box="[313,472,1563,1588]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praderioi">A. praderioi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FDC37771FD19F9F9" box="[537,678,1563,1588]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roraima">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FDC37771FD19F9F9" box="[537,678,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. roraima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, were not yet been verified. In the original proposition of 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FF4D772AFEEBF994" box="[151,340,1600,1625]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Anomaloglosus</emphasis>
, Grant 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FE69772AFE4DF994" box="[435,498,1600,1625]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
(2006) assumed the occurrence of an MLP in all species but with no direct confirmation on the presence of MLP was provided. We examined several species housed at the MHNLS, and can confirm that MLP is present in the following species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FC8977E1FBA9F969" box="[851,1046,1675,1700]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayarzaguenai">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FC8977E1FBA9F969" box="[851,1046,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. ayarzaguenai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(small and rounded on MHNLS 12950-51); 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FEF877DAFE6BF904" box="[290,468,1712,1737]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guanayensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FEF877DAFE6BF904" box="[290,468,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. guanayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(small and rounded in MHNLS 10798); 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FC6177DAFB30F904" box="[955,1167,1712,1737]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="murisipanensis">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FC6177DAFB30F904" box="[955,1167,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. murisipanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(moderately sized and pointed in MHNLS 11385); 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FE3077BFFDC4F923" box="[490,635,1749,1774]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praderioi">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FE3077BFFDC4F923" box="[490,635,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. praderioi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(very small on MHNLS 11272). Grant et al. (2006) interpreted the MLP as independently derived in 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FDF77791FD4FF8D9" box="[557,752,1787,1812]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FDF77791FD4FF8D9" box="[557,752,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Anomaloglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FCDA7791FB0CF8D9" box="[768,1203,1787,1812]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verbeeksnyderorum">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FCDA7791FB0CF8D9" box="[768,1203,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Anomaloglossus verbeeksnyderorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FB347791FAD0F8D9" box="[1262,1391,1787,1812]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wothuja">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FB347791FAD0F8D9" box="[1262,1391,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. wothuja</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the most proximate members of the genus to those from trans-Andean species, being at about 
<quantity id="4CF69B33F97CFFA0FB28764AFAE4F8F7" box="[1266,1371,1824,1850]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" unit="km" value="1000.0">1000 km</quantity>
from the Valle del Cauca in 
<collectingCountry id="F3197646F97CFFA0FE62762FFD88F892" box="[440,567,1861,1887]" name="Colombia" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, 
<typeStatus id="54B58874F97CFFA0FD9E762FFDC5F892" box="[580,634,1861,1887]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
locality of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D55F97CFFA0FCD5762FFC68F893" box="[783,983,1861,1886]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atopoglossus">
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FCD5762FFC68F893" box="[783,983,1861,1886]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">A. atopoglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; although this does not imply close phylogenetic relationship.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97CFFA0FF1E76FAFC39F839" blockId="10.[151,1437,1413,2036]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">
In terms of conservation, the distribution and abundance of the new species is not yet well known and we doubt that it is a threatened species, given that the habitat continuum is enormous. We propose a status of data deficient (DD) under the terms of the IUCN (Stuart 
<emphasis id="B97AEAC4F97CFFA0FD2276B1FC8DF839" box="[760,818,2011,2036]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
2008).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB136D6F97DFFA1FF1E71F2FC15FEEF" blockId="11.[151,1436,152,290]" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">
The knowledge of amphibian diversity in remote locations of the 
<collectingCountry id="F3197646F97DFFA1FC3171F2FBFCFF7F" box="[1003,1091,152,178]" name="Guyana" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Guiana</collectingCountry>
Shield is growing thanks to ongoing explorations and a general growth of interest in biodiversity (Hallowell &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B27F97DFFA1FBA671D7FA8BFF1A" author="Reynolds" box="[1148,1332,189,215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" refString="Hollowell, T. &amp; Reynolds, R. P. (2005) Checklist of the Terrestrial Vertebrates of the Guiana Shield. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 13." type="book chapter" year="2005">Reynolds 2005</bibRefCitation>
). We are confident that the 
<collectingCountry id="F3197646F97DFFA1FEB77188FE7DFF31" box="[365,450,226,252]" name="Guyana" pageId="11" pageNumber="48">Guiana</collectingCountry>
Shield remains one of the poorest known regions in the world, and that much more investigation is needed to understand relationships among its biota.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>