314 lines
45 KiB
XML
314 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="1C5941766CF9CDC325F52FD4C79FEE3D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1414.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5077005" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625624770600" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="THANDAR, AHMED S." docDate="2007" docId="038E87BBFFAAFFB3D0A1890AC5FBB9A9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01414p062.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1414 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1414.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma THANDAR, 2007, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="FFB7FFC3FF8EFF94D0368D25C713B858" masterDocTitle="Additions to the aspidochirotid, molpadid and apodid holothuroids (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the east coast of southern Africa, with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1698992838850" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B41008090C8407CF0EB4CCEA49099B23">
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<mods:title id="97E779044A1BFB79AF637AE7148B8F3B">Additions to the aspidochirotid, molpadid and apodid holothuroids (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the east coast of southern Africa, with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="5510E78B79B1505C3154E4A88E91B8F2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CD34CC1E9F4D12640C32B56565698AEA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E0B055EBDFF3BF13ED296A70CF1CC8A4">THANDAR, AHMED S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7FCA2A91E7ADF5ED3E462E7D1B601420">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="50C47EFC81CDBD0E14E086624520FBCE">
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<mods:title id="1A78C1A076E531CBF153DA86DDF8D0D8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F813E1786BC69DA950E5A500CB0076B6">
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<mods:date id="037D2A8B0440C0DD0DFBF1E8750136F9">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="324582023F8FD0F9E874439209607E7C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="488B53C2C1724006E8EDD0338760BDAA">2007-03-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="834B1C80FF1E51D9CA0CE2D711ABE00C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C43F928F922E00BF889404028DD89B48">1414</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="8077B5E55CD302D0E619F8AC58DCEA03" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="D25ADE1E7BFDD9727D8D186EFCAF6364">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="EBF1DE386F859E0E734FD79FE2F2EA13">1</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="E74865AA3EAB26DC6BBB8F3D2FD5D5BC">
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<mods:url id="EA741D1DD7225F8D8C1EA95770CBF89A">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1414.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="306989459C8AFEA24AA697C84B25886F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DE4E092C8B125ECF798C8816263EA4FB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.1414.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8F6DC48D443710FE965A9FD4EDCE49BF" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="99AD8F1A9B6BAFB1797E26A9729E2355" type="Zenodo-Dep">5077005</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5179DD04A365F20D92047C276773DA21" type="ZooBank">DC93A9BC-D24E-44AD-99AF-79CACCCFB984</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="038E87BBFFAAFFB3D0A1890AC5FBB9A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87BBFFAAFFB3D0A1890AC5FBB9A9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E87BBFFAAFFB3D0A1890AC5FBB9A9" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="C33D6526FFAAFFB0D0A1890AC5E2BC11" box="[151,753,1071,1097]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFAAFFB0D0A1890AC5E2BC11" blockId="36.[151,753,1071,1132]" box="[151,753,1071,1097]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<heading id="D0D081C1FFAAFFB0D0A1890AC5E2BC11" bold="true" box="[151,753,1071,1097]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B953EABFFFAAFFB0D0A1890AC5E2BC11" bold="true" box="[151,753,1071,1097]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFAAFFB0D0A1890AC59FBC11" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="2007" box="[151,652,1071,1097]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="duoturriforma" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Theelothuria">
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<emphasis id="B953EABFFFAAFFB0D0A1890AC59FBC11" bold="true" box="[151,652,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057C4FFAAFFB0D2A2890AC5E2BC11" box="[660,753,1071,1097]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6526FFAAFFB3D0A18977C5FBB9A9" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFAAFFB0D0A18977C614BC34" blockId="36.[151,753,1071,1132]" box="[151,263,1106,1132]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFAAFFB0D0A18977C614BC34" box="[151,263,1106,1132]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figure 17</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFAAFFB0D0A18986C61DBCE4" blockId="36.[151,1436,1187,1492]" box="[151,270,1187,1212]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="B953EABFFFAAFFB0D0A18986C61DBCE4" box="[151,270,1187,1212]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFAAFFB0D08D89EFC531BD8C" blockId="36.[151,1436,1187,1492]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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Perhaps a small species,
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<typeStatus id="549C880FFFAAFFB0D1E889EFC503BCBC" box="[478,528,1226,1252]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
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<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFAAFFB0D22189EFC57EBCBC" box="[535,621,1226,1252]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
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. Colour, in alcohol, white with scattered dark blotches. Podia minute, papilliform, scattered. Papillose collar evident. Anus encircled by five clusters of papillae. Tentacles?20, whitish. Cuvierian tubules absent. Spicules of body wall tables and buttons. Tables of two sizes: either with a large disc (
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<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFAAFFB0D12E8867C687BD04" box="[280,404,1346,1372]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="8.1" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="61.5" valueMax="81.0" valueMin="42.0">42–81 µm</quantity>
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) of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFAAFFB0D1C68866C564BD04" box="[496,631,1347,1372]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Mesothuriidae" genus="Mesothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B953EABFFFAAFFB0D1C68866C564BD04" box="[496,631,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mesothuria</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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<typeStatus id="549C880FFFAAFFB0D2498867C5A2BD04" box="[639,689,1346,1372]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
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and a tall spire (
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||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFAAFFB0D3408867C4E1BD04" box="[886,1010,1346,1372]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="42.0">42–68 µm</quantity>
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||
) with 2–3 cross-bars or a small disc (
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||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFAAFFB0D0A9884FC60EBDDC" box="[159,285,1386,1412]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="52.0" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="39.0">39–65 µm</quantity>
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) and a short spire (
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<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFAAFFB0D23A884FC599BDDC" box="[524,650,1386,1412]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="26.0">26–39 µm</quantity>
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) with usually a single cross-bar, smaller
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<typeStatus id="549C880FFFAAFFB0D448884FC3A3BDDC" box="[1150,1200,1386,1412]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
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||
usually at bases of podia. Buttons restricted to bases of podia and anal region, elongated or oval (
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<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFAAFFB0D40788B7C3BEBDF4" box="[1073,1197,1426,1452]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" metricValueMax="7.7" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="61.0" valueMax="77.0" valueMin="45.0">45–77 µm</quantity>
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, mean
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||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFAAFFB0D53488B7C241BDF4" box="[1282,1362,1426,1452]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 µm</quantity>
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), with 3–4 pairs of holes and few knobs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFAAFFB0D0A18B2EC332BE14" blockId="36.[151,1057,1547,1612]" box="[151,1057,1547,1612]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="B953EABFFFAAFFB0D0A18B2EC607BE7C" box="[151,276,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Etymology</emphasis>
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The specific name refers to the
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||
<specimenCount id="9D21FD24FFAAFFB0D21A8B17C58DBE14" box="[556,670,1586,1612]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
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of tables found in the body wall.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFAAFFB0D0A18BA6C678BE9C" blockId="36.[151,363,1667,1732]" box="[151,363,1667,1732]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3CF0FFAAFFB0D0A18BA6C674BE9C" box="[151,359,1667,1732]" collectionCode="SAM-A" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="SAM-A27942" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFAAFFB0D0A18BA6C7DDBEC4" box="[151,206,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFFAAFFB0D0A18BA6C7DDBEC4" box="[151,206,1667,1692]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCode id="DB819ED6FFAAFFB0D08D8B8FC674BE9C" box="[187,359,1706,1732]" collectionCode="SAM-A" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">SAM-A27942</specimenCode>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFAAFFB0D0A18BDEC58BBF64" blockId="36.[151,664,1787,1852]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3CF0FFAAFFB0D0A18BDEC58BBF64" collectionCode="KZN" country="South Africa" elevation="72" location="Off Lala Nek" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="72" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFAAFFB0D0A18BDEC63EBF4C" box="[151,301,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFFAAFFB0D0A18BDEC7DDBF4C" box="[151,206,1787,1812]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
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locality
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</emphasis>
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||
<location id="8EF86076FFAAFFB0D08D8A07C649BF64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87BBFFAAFFB3D0A1890AC5FBB9A9:8EF86076FFAAFFB0D08D8A07C649BF64" box="[187,346,1826,1852]" country="South Africa" name="Off Lala Nek" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Off Lala Nek</location>
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||
,
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<collectionCode id="ED36AE68FFAAFFB0D1538A07C6B7BF64" box="[357,420,1826,1852]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">KZN</collectionCode>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="F330763DFFAAFFB0D1868A07C559BF64" box="[432,586,1826,1852]" name="South Africa" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D21FD24FFAAFFB0D2638A07C58BBF64" box="[597,664,1826,1852]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">
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||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFAAFFB0D2638A07C587BF64" box="[597,660,1826,1852]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="72.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000AD19EFFAAFFB0D2638A07C587BF64" box="[597,660,1826,1852]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="72.0">72 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
.
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||
</specimenCount>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFAAFFB2D0A18A56C632B8E9" blockId="36.[151,1250,1907,1972]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1436,152,1458]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFAAFFB0D0A18A56C666BFD4" box="[151,373,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Material examined</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3CF0FFAAFFB2D08D8ABFC632B8E9" collectingDate="1990-06-07" collectionCode="NMDP" collectorName="St. ZD & Lala Nek" elevation="72" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" latitude="-27.216667" longLatPrecision="123" longitude="32.828335" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFFAAFFB0D08D8ABFC63BBFEC" box="[187,296,1946,1972]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
only,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED36AE68FFAAFFB0D1468ABFC6D6BFEC" box="[368,453,1946,1972]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">NMDP</collectionCode>
|
||
,
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||
<collectorName id="26D2537BFFAAFFB0D1E68ABFC50DBFEC" box="[464,542,1946,1972]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">St. ZD</collectorName>
|
||
6, off
|
||
<collectorName id="26D2537BFFAAFFB0D25A8ABFC5CBBFEC" box="[620,728,1946,1972]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Lala Nek</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE13506AFFAAFFB0D2D18ABFC460BFEC" box="[743,883,1946,1972]" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="13.0" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="92" value="-27.216667">27° 13.0 ' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE13506AFFAAFFB0D3B68ABFC31FBFEC" box="[896,1036,1946,1972]" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="49.7" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="92" value="32.828335">32° 49.7 ' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFAAFFB0D4148ABFC34CBFEC" box="[1058,1119,1946,1972]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="72.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000AD19EFFAAFFB0D4148ABFC34CBFEC" box="[1058,1119,1946,1972]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="72.0">72 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF99106DFFAAFFB0D45A8ABFC3CDBFEC" box="[1132,1246,1946,1972]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1990-06-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDDE985FFAAFFB0D45A8ABFC3CDBFEC" box="[1132,1246,1946,1972]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1990-06-07">7 vi 1990</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA8FFB2D0A18DBDC632B8E9" box="[151,289,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF586625FFABFFB1D0A18A51C46EBFAB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" startId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" targetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" targetPageId="37">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFABFFB1D0A18A51C46EBFAB" blockId="37.[151,1436,1908,2035]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFABFFB1D0A18A51C638BFD4" bold="true" box="[151,299,1908,1932]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFABFFB1D1018A51C5EBBFD3" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="2007" box="[311,760,1908,1931]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="duoturriforma" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Theelothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFABFFB1D1018A51C5EBBFD3" box="[311,760,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057C4FFABFFB1D3328A51C44FBFD3" box="[772,860,1908,1931]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFA8FFB2D08B8DE5C628B992" blockId="38.[151,1436,152,1458]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Specimen small, poorly preserved, eviscerated, most of gut and associated structures lost. Body form subcylindrical, dorsal surface arched, ventral flattened but not much so. Anterior end slightly broader than posterior end. Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D1538C35C6AEB972" box="[357,445,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width in mid-body
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D2808C35C413B972" box="[694,768,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Colour, in alcohol, white with dark scattered blotches. Mouth anterior, sub-ventral; anus terminal. Podia minute, papilliform, slightly longer ventrally, scattered but with some indication of arrangement in bands. Papillose collar evident. Anus encircled by five clusters of 3– 4 papillae per cluster. Tentacles?18, small, white to slightly beige in colour. Body wall
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D4818CADC3EEB9FA" box="[1207,1277,392,418]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick, gelatinous, smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFA8FFB2D08F8CFDC6D3BAE2" blockId="38.[151,1436,152,1458]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Calcareous ring damaged; radial plates squarish, as long as wide, with an anterior notch and some evidence of posterior bifurcations; interradial plates small, triangular, projecting slightly beyond anterior border of radial plates. Tentacle ampullae short; Polian vesicle single, sac-like; stone canal short, free, slightly twisted, terminating in an oval, globular, well-calcified madreporite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFA8FFB2D35B8F75C4EBBA32" box="[877,1016,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 17L</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonad and alimentary canal lost. Right respiratory tree shorter, reaching only half body length, both trees well branched, united at base. Cuvierian tubules absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFA8FFB2D08D8FEDC425BDEA" blockId="38.[151,1436,152,1458]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Spicules of body wall comprise tables and buttons. Tables of two sizes: either with a large disc (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D52D8FEDC284BABA" box="[1307,1431,712,738]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="8.1" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="61.5" valueMax="81.0" valueMin="42.0">42–81 µm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D0E88FD5C63FBB52" box="[222,300,752,778]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="59.0">59 µm</quantity>
|
||
) and a tall spire (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D1CC8FD5C564BB52" box="[506,631,752,778]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="42.0">42–68 µm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D2FD8FD5C40ABB52" box="[715,793,752,778]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="53.0">53 µm</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFA8FFB2D3078FD5C4CEBB52" box="[817,989,752,778]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 17C–E</figureCitation>
|
||
), or a small disc (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D4988FD5C239BB52" box="[1198,1322,752,778]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="52.0" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="39.0">39–65 µm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D5498FD5C7D3BB6A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="54.0">54 µm</quantity>
|
||
) and a short spire (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D1A88E3DC509BB6A" box="[414,538,792,818]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="26.0">26–39 µm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D25A8E3DC5AABB6A" box="[620,697,792,818]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 µm</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFA8FFB2D2E68E3DC44EBB6A" box="[720,861,792,818]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 17 F</figureCitation>
|
||
), smaller
|
||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFFA8FFB2D3E08E3DC31BBB6A" box="[982,1032,792,818]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
|
||
common at bases of podia. Larger tables of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA8FFB2D1338E65C69FBB01" box="[261,396,832,857]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Mesothuriidae" genus="Mesothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA8FFB2D1338E65C69FBB01" box="[261,396,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Mesothuria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFFA8FFB2D1A28E65C6DABB02" box="[404,457,832,858]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, disc with mostly undulating or occasionally spinose rim, pierced by usually eight large, oval holes, and sometimes with one or more smaller holes outside the larger ones, spire with 2–3 crossbars, terminating in a ring of several teeth. Smaller table discs somewhat circular, also with about eight marginal holes but a short spire with usually a single cross-bar, margin of disc sometimes turned up giving a cup and saucer appearance to table in lateral view; occasionally tables reduced to button-like discs. Buttons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFA8FFB2D55F8EC5C7E4BC7A" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 17A</figureCitation>
|
||
) rare, restricted to bases of podia and anal region, elongate or oval (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D425892DC39CBC7A" box="[1043,1167,1032,1058]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" metricValueMax="7.7" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="61.0" valueMax="77.0" valueMin="45.0">45–77 µm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D4D4892DC221BC7A" box="[1250,1330,1032,1058]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 µm</quantity>
|
||
), usually with 3–5 pairs of holes and several knobs, the latter either restricted to the central shaft or to margins or both; buttons sometimes reduced to just two pairs of central holes. Podial deposits comprise small tables, buttons, perforated rods often developed as smooth plates, and end-plates. Podial tables (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFA8FFB2D46889A5C3F9BCC2" box="[1118,1258,1152,1178]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 17G</figureCitation>
|
||
) similar to the smaller
|
||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFFA8FFB2D0C2898DC635BC9A" box="[244,294,1192,1218]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
|
||
from body wall; podial buttons (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D29F898DC430BC9A" box="[681,803,1192,1218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="61.5" valueMax="78.0" valueMin="45.0">45–78 µm</quantity>
|
||
mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D347898DC4D2BC9A" box="[881,961,1192,1218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 µm</quantity>
|
||
), usually heavily knobbed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFA8FFB2D532898DC29EBC9A" box="[1284,1421,1192,1218]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 17B</figureCitation>
|
||
), with 2–5 pairs of holes; rods (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D23289F5C59CBCB2" box="[516,655,1232,1258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" metricValueMax="11.3" metricValueMin="7.1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="92.0" valueMax="113.0" valueMin="71.0">71–113 µm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D2DE89F5C429BCB2" box="[744,826,1232,1258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="91.0">91 µm</quantity>
|
||
), straight or slightly curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFA8FFB2D4AE89F5C209BCB2" box="[1176,1306,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 17I</figureCitation>
|
||
), with 1–2 holes at ends and/or in the middle; plates with usually irregular margins and 5–10 pairs of holes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFA8FFB2D53489DDC29DBD4A" box="[1282,1422,1272,1298]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 17H</figureCitation>
|
||
); end-plates of two sizes, small ones about
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D2488805C5C8BD62" box="[638,731,1312,1338]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="148.0">148 µm</quantity>
|
||
, large ones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFA8FFB2D3588805C4FEBD62" box="[878,1005,1312,1338]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 17J</figureCitation>
|
||
) about
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D4718805C3B7BD62" box="[1095,1188,1312,1338]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8699999999999999" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="187.0">187 µm</quantity>
|
||
, both with large central holes and smaller peripheral ones but some peripheral holes often as large as central holes. Tentacle with slightly curved, non-perforated rods (
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D27D8855C5C6BDD2" box="[587,725,1392,1418]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" metricValueMax="14.2" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="90.5" valueMax="142.0" valueMin="39.0">39–142 µm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CDF9B48FFA8FFB2D31E8855C464BDD2" box="[808,887,1392,1418]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="71.0">71 µm</quantity>
|
||
), usually with slightly spinose margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C2A28FFA8FFB2D5788855C7DDBDEA" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="37.[151,255,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[277,1342,185,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-85@37.[201,1395,163,1898]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 17. Holothuria (Theelothuria) duoturriforma sp. nov. Holotype. SAM–A27942. A. buttons from base of podium; B. knobbed podial buttons; C. large body wall tables from side; D. large body wall tables; E. large body wall table from beneath; F. small tables; G. small tables from side; H. podial plates; I. podial rods; J. ventral end-plate; K. tentacles rods; L. madreporite (different views). (A–K scale a; L scale b)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5077047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5077047/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figure 17K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cloacal and longitudinal muscles without spicules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFA8FFB2D0A188CDC53FBE72" blockId="38.[151,556,1512,1578]" box="[151,556,1512,1578]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA8FFB2D0A188CDC635BE59" box="[151,294,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from
|
||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFFA8FFB2D1A38B35C6D4BE72" box="[405,455,1552,1578]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFA8FFB2D0A18B45C558BEFA" blockId="38.[151,587,1632,1698]" box="[151,587,1632,1698]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA8FFB2D0A18B45C7E3BE21" box="[151,240,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
Slightly muddy sand, pennatulids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFA8FFB2D0A18BFDC7EDBEA9" blockId="38.[151,1436,1752,2018]" box="[151,254,1752,1777]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA8FFB2D0A18BFDC7EDBEA9" box="[151,254,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9836ADFFA8FFB3D0F18A25C5FBB9A9" blockId="38.[151,1436,1752,2018]" lastBlockId="39.[151,1436,152,498]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Of the 14 nominal and one indeterminate species currently classified in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA8FFB2D4E68A25C274BF41" box="[1232,1383,1792,1817]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Theelothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA8FFB2D4E68A25C274BF41" box="[1232,1383,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Theelothuria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the present specimen comes close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA8FFB2D2148A0DC4B4BF1A" authority="Semper, 1868" authorityName="Semper" authorityYear="1868" box="[546,935,1832,1858]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="squamifera" subGenus="Theelothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA8FFB2D2148A0DC5EFBF19" box="[546,764,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. (T.) squamifera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFFA8FFB2D3328A0DC4B4BF1A" author="Semper, C." box="[772,935,1832,1858]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref30997" refString="Semper, C. (1868) Holothurien. Reisen im Archipel der Philippen. Holothurien. 2. Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Wiesbaden, Leipzig, 288 pp." type="book" year="1868">Semper, 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F330763DFFA8FFB2D42B8A0DC3B2BF1A" box="[1053,1185,1832,1858]" name="Philippines" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Red Sea and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA8FFB2D0A18A75C586BF32" authority="Cherbonnier & Feral, 1984" authorityName="Cherbonnier & Feral" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,661,1872,1898]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="asperita" subGenus="Theelothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA8FFB2D0A18A75C65EBF31" box="[151,333,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. (T.) asperita</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFFA8FFB2D1638A75C586BF32" author="Cherbonnier, G. & Feral, J. P." box="[341,661,1872,1898]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="659 - 700" refId="ref28993" refString="Cherbonnier, G. & Feral, J. P. (1984) Les Holothuries de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Deuxieme contribution (Premiere partie: Synallactidae et Holothuriidae). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris Quatrieme serie, 6, section A (3), 659 - 700." type="journal article" year="1984">Cherbonnier & Féral, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F330763DFFA8FFB2D2E98A75C48ABF32" box="[735,921,1872,1898]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. However, it is not identical to either of the two species. It differs from the former in the height of the table spires, fewer cross-bars to the spires, larger size of the holes on the discs and more nodular buttons, of especially the podia. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA8FFB2D4DE8A85C28FBFE1" authorityName="Cherbonnier & Feral" authorityYear="1984" box="[1256,1436,1952,1977]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="asperita" subGenus="Theelothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA8FFB2D4DE8A85C28FBFE1" box="[1256,1436,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H. (T.) asperita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the absence of smooth buttons, the larger size of the holes of the discs of the larger tables and the nature of the table crowns. There is also some resemblance of the new species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA9FFB3D3E18DBDC7C2B882" authority="Cherbonnier, 1988" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityYear="1988" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="insolita" subGenus="Platyperona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA9FFB3D3E18DBDC3EEB8E9" box="[983,1277,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H. (Platyperona) insolita</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFFA9FFB3D5358DBDC7C2B882" author="Cherbonnier, G." pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref28924" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1988) Faune de Madagascar. Publice sous les auspices du Gouvernment de la Republique Malgache, 70, O. R. S. T. O. M, Paris, 292 pp." type="book" year="1988">Cherbonnier, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F330763DFFA9FFB3D12B8DE5C6BFB882" box="[285,428,192,218]" name="Madagascar" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, especially in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549C880FFFA9FFB3D2B08DE5C5ABB882" box="[646,696,192,218]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of tables, their two sizes, and the rarity of buttons. However, Cherbonnier illustrates only smooth buttons with a median optical discontinuity from the anal region of his specimen as well as some minute plates and pseudobuttons. Some reduced tables of the new species resemble those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA9FFB3D0CA8C1DC59AB90A" authority="Lampert, 1885" authorityName="Lampert" authorityYear="1885" box="[252,649,312,338]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="klunzingeri" subGenus="Theelothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA9FFB3D0CA8C1DC6C6B909" box="[252,469,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H. (T.) klunzingeri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFFA9FFB3D1EA8C1DC59AB90A" author="Lampert, K." box="[476,649,312,338]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 312" refId="ref29858" refString="Lampert, K. (1885) Die Seewalzen (Holothuroidea). In Semper, C. Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen. Wiesbaden, 4, 1 - 312." type="journal article" year="1885">Lampert, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA9FFB3D2F58C1DC338B90A" authority="Ludwig, 1875" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1875" box="[707,1067,312,338]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="notabilis" subGenus="Theelothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA9FFB3D2F58C1DC46DB909" box="[707,894,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H. (T.) notabilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B5CFFA9FFB3D3B08C1DC338B90A" author="Ludwig, H." box="[902,1067,312,338]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="77 - 220" refId="ref29920" refString="Ludwig, H. (1875) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Holothurien. Arbeite aus dem zoologie zootom. Institut in Wurzburg, 2, 77 - 220." type="journal article" year="1875">Ludwig, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but there are gross differences, most notably in the absence of tall-pillared tables in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA9FFB3D3708C45C332B921" authorityName="Lampert" authorityYear="1885" box="[838,1057,352,377]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="klunzingeri" subGenus="Theelothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA9FFB3D3708C45C332B921" box="[838,1057,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H. (T.) klunzingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA9FFB3D46A8C45C209B921" box="[1116,1306,352,377]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Holothuriidae" genus="Holothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="notabilis" subGenus="Theelothuria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA9FFB3D46A8C45C209B921" box="[1116,1306,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H. (T.) notabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, suspected by Panning (1935) to be conspecific. It is noteworthy that there are no tack-like tables in the body wall and podia of the new species and although the larger tables are of the synallactid-type, they resemble those of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA9FFB3D0D58CFDC679B9A9" box="[227,362,472,497]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Mesothuriidae" genus="Mesothuria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA9FFB3D0D58CFDC679B9A9" box="[227,362,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mesothuria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than those of
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EABFFFA9FFB3D26D8CFDC5FBB9A9" box="[603,744,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D2EFFA9FFB3D26D8CFDC5F7B9A9" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" box="[603,740,472,497]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Synallactes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Synallactes</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |