treatments-xml/data/0D/9D/31/0D9D3124A7FA53E2A7163DC07AB1A65B.xml
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1163-177" ID-Pensoft-UUID="274E0A227A255CBF88E3CD3703C1AE45" ID-ZooBank="F9AC8A4547D245D9BB121A3DB16ABCB0" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1163-177" checkinTime="1685200784107" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Likhitrakarn, Natdanai, Srisonchai, Ruttapon, Siriwut, Warut, Jirapatrasilp, Parin, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai, Panha, Somsak &amp; Sutcharit, Chirasak" docDate="2023" docId="0D9D3124A7FA53E2A7163DC07AB1A65B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1163: 177-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1163" docPubDate="2023-05-26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950" docTitle="Hyperglomeris bicaudata Likhitrakarn 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="FB13C74A-496A-45F0-BB73-C710A6C5123D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="274E0A227A255CBF88E3CD3703C1AE45" lastPageNumber="177" masterDocId="274E0A227A255CBF88E3CD3703C1AE45" masterDocTitle="Review of the pill millipede genus Hyperglomeris Silvestri, 1917 (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae) with description of two new species from Laos" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="177" pageNumber="177" updateTime="1685200784107" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="4BC2943DE7566700A0914B2736F77931">Review of the pill millipede genus Hyperglomeris Silvestri, 1917 (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae) with description of two new species from Laos</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4DC6189DE0280C34EAE69B28BD09CA3D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="918791E9D06451433323D9E57E609FC3">
<mods:roleTerm id="5B059056F5A40FB212FF7189B78E05F1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="64B14CF9301F425044811482CA72DD89">Likhitrakarn, Natdanai</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C8791D65989B516D69165B4424DB1A42" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1306-317X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C5E2EEF9311A7151711959C658588DCD">Program of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4F8F48AC78B69364420B337E75FFAABE">Srisonchai, Ruttapon</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="436FCD6F461614A164EA0B5B33329EFC" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7142-0999</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="54B544398F35C208DCA066B69C8A26FF">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5C5AF274E72E7520E0C8E63DA8848061">Siriwut, Warut</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="99D9C61AAF435CA69BF726C13BEF4B11">Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="954CBD502166C204B749096B8986DAFA">Jirapatrasilp, Parin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3301FBF06A77AC2AE1800B5BF7CFF731" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5591-6724</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4036A2A5EB971AEF4DF396B70FEADE17">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="D84686172F4646953AE434AEBE01B0BC">
<mods:roleTerm id="560C2FD46C35995AEE3EB82BA5738BF4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5477C1227B0EB9F2FD8066F3F010554D">Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C80E527463494B4949382193DC26AFAA">Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5587634BE8A51C777E86F9D0B57AADCC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4434A85237377DFB5BD32497755B8F20">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F5ABE968F69618754DF753178E620144">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CA5C929C6EB5147CE83250933756767C">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand &amp; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="047AE65D1E82E94A75A3FC2F1D480D37">Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="090BBD15BA5E2D159634F2769447E2C2">Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8F2E5398F195410BC0A43999E17F5354" type="email">jirasak4@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:part id="1A2A87343A6F71A8A8B58A775261C12C">
<mods:date id="277D7DA8844F76E285515CA65D1927A1">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D87423767368F86094FD2BA45B55FA0D">1163</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3AB2082072B5A58D54CFBB95C92D2F72">177</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="4D59835345FE71A253F54A53F1230FF6">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B6A3BCABD654949D75337E1977A5CAB7" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AD4439C180753392C3A861419F616EDC" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1163-177</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1F104EEF90743F2641AB3A4E47F48287" type="ZooBank">F9AC8A4547D245D9BB121A3DB16ABCB0</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5C3BEFFA29B312C117F7C3CCB0171ADD" type="Pensoft-UUID">274E0A227A255CBF88E3CD3703C1AE45</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0D9D3124A7FA53E2A7163DC07AB1A65B" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FB13C74A-496A-45F0-BB73-C710A6C5123D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D9D3124A7FA53E2A7163DC07AB1A65B" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<subSubSection id="70C163386E986126FDBDDA859716AF21" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8F06EB5D207912EB754904DD3E38317B" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName id="59701C4A5F2BDD078A81090FB24F2941" LSID="https://zoobank.org/FB13C74A-496A-45F0-BB73-C710A6C5123D" authority="Likhitrakarn" authorityName="Likhitrakarn" authorityYear="2023" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyperglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperglomeris bicaudata" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicaudata" status="sp. nov.">Hyperglomeris bicaudata Likhitrakarn</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7F6AECEB67A0BA6CCB76ABEC93C1752" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2C4FBD8789FA097D6A493146C422BB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="description">
<paragraph id="75DCE62BDE2891AB12444387C9A7549B" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<figureCitation id="29AC639D20ABD5FD8BEA9DFAE0D66C53" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A-D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006), habitus, live coloration E-G ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views A, C unrolled, sublateral views B, D rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively. A-D not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="29CB22B2B0B0988C93E81D914C78BE59" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A, C, E, F ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) B ♀ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006) D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007) A, B anal shield edge in venter view, male and female, respectively C leg 17, anterior view D leg 18, anterior view E, F telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively G tip of syncoxital lobes (not to scale). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-F). Abbreviations: cx coxa, cxl coxal lobe, fe femur, fp femoral process, pf prefemur, pfc prefemoral cone of telopod, sh syncoxital horn of telopod, sl syncoxital lobe of telopod, sn syncoxite notch, sx syncoxite, ta tarsus, tc tibial cone, ti tibia, tp tibial process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854505" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DFE7196756B2E0926D68B162FCC0554C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Leg 18 A, B Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov., ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007), left, anterior and posterior views, respectively C, D Hyperglomeris inkhavilayi sp. nov., ♂ paratype, right, anterior, and posterior views, respectively. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854506" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">, 3A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0D969186B05B19B67FF76D47A3A8045D" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F6DA5A25F548BE31A29D2F0D834D7D79" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E01B37992E31BB9F5D0C776B917A1C09" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<materialsCitation id="EFC83FD8AFF6EC40208C82E36A7980B7" collectingDate="2014-07-06" collectorName="R. Srisonchai, C. Sutcharit, K. Inkhavilay" country="Laos" county="Viengxay District" elevation="890" latitude="20.34" location="Cave" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="104.22889" municipality="Limestone mountain" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="Houaphanh" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis id="60BC9CD6656520B9F88C864D85A81636" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="62AB42C40B67649F0E48CD83B65A9507" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<typeStatus id="082EEF58EECB98AC5A1D32F3584C9BA3">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="0E6952F17D16AB862B6F991BE2450935" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
-
<collectingRegion id="531DD63A3C88CAA35B81F88A053D3A2C" country="Laos" name="Houaphan">Houaphanh</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="FFAFEC81DF23972AD0336104F7387C88"></specimenCount>
(CUMZ-GLO006);
<collectingCounty id="42AF35A2F8A85B0098F5F283F75274E4">Viengxay District</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="74C6EB8D77537635E238A8D2E29468D0">Limestone mountain</collectingMunicipality>
area near
<collectingRegion id="EAE1EFB963BDFE13F269223376BA97E6" country="Laos" name="Savannakhet">Kaysone Phomvihane</collectingRegion>
<location id="3C290414994CD741A03DD2781CE480CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D9D3124A7FA53E2A7163DC07AB1A65B:3C290414994CD741A03DD2781CE480CF" country="Laos" county="Viengxay District" latitude="20.34" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="104.22889" municipality="Limestone mountain" name="Cave" stateProvince="Houaphanh">Cave</location>
; elev.
<elevation id="4DE57F20362340DF513DEB40F752AF93" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" unit="m" value="890.0">
<quantity id="FD829D77B2205AE4CA08EBAA556211BB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" unit="m" value="890.0">890 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<geoCoordinate id="3D7C08A96689B785A3B779FEDAF55C1D" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="20.34">20°20'24&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2973639798B35A9D4D62737CB37E7FF6" degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="44" value="104.22889">104°13'44&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate id="79B79509D9746BE429FFEA4187C9C6F5" value="2014-07-06">6 Jul. 2014</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="5ABB5891E4517C2E9A15E080B58E0F1E">R. Srisonchai</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="1AB0CA2ED4A9BD838E6389D28DEBD989">C. Sutcharit</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="318C18AA86713774B50DB9EEF6207A08">K. Inkhavilay</collectorName>
leg.; CUMZ
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="76F4ABA20B94A9A03A546B951C219398" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="R. Srisonchai &amp; C. Sutcharit &amp; K. Inkhavilay" country="Laos" county="Viengxay District" elevation="890" latitude="20.34" location="Houaphanh" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="104.22889" municipality="Limestone mountain" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Houaphanh" typeStatus="Paratypes">
<emphasis id="B181FD4513AE3DBEF663E9A3192F4447" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="4555B54328F8C7FD5BF11D5BB8A3A785" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<typeStatus id="05B5D2D1009A025878D5607DE7C40B75">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="40E16043629FBC05F85AFA489C5FECCA" name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="994CF73FB0BBBB7FACA84DAA16E625FE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<collectingRegion id="8362F8B74C950D7343AA4F7B4EE5E1CA" country="Laos" name="Houaphan">Houaphanh</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="AC688F434BB65A01BF484F0DCC80E220" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="8904E009810CDE4A0A0D8D229BF9BC8D" accessionNumber="OQ661871" collectingDate="2014-07-05" collectorName="R. Srisonchai, C. Sutcharit, K. Inkhavilay" country="Laos" county="Viengxay District" elevation="860" latitude="20.457779" location="Limestone mountain" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="104.14528" municipality="Ban Tham Na Tan" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Houaphan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="85166862BF5E0BD75A42E37C577B058D" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(CUMZ-GLO004);
<collectingCounty id="E067FECA2A1CD17BC280851812A2ED11">Viengxay District</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="60A17D449924050BA788C82684F3F000">Ban Tham Na Tan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="BD447F7918A7509156DCB8793E541677" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D9D3124A7FA53E2A7163DC07AB1A65B:BD447F7918A7509156DCB8793E541677" country="Laos" county="Viengxay District" latitude="20.457779" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="104.14528" municipality="Ban Tham Na Tan" name="Limestone mountain" stateProvince="Houaphan">Limestone mountain</location>
area; elev.
<elevation id="A0AF3386ED9953A8F25E72793B20D328" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" unit="m" value="860.0">
<quantity id="89BB46E9B6D4111061146B4CB9840050" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" unit="m" value="860.0">860 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<geoCoordinate id="77DDB3699DF990357B1D09C4663BCF0E" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="20.457779">20°27'28&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F4629AFE6FF8121DCDA0AF19AA73E14B" degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="104.14528">104°08'43&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate id="F06D6120145A87625A5F0CE2BD55648F" value="2014-07-05">5 Jul. 2014</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="814D9EC19B28D34C1529ED5291FCFC17">R. Srisonchai</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="2F4DD189DA9FC810A96E4CBE28879731">C. Sutcharit</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="456A9450B093FDB34173390C8ED36C31">K. Inkhavilay</collectorName>
leg.; CUMZ;
<accessionNumber id="83F7FEBED4AF1FAABD9D176361624F07" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/OQ661871">OQ661871</accessionNumber>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B9833C2BC9A636EF5D7B2E3DF1E51DF" accessionNumber="OQ661872" collectingDate="2014-07-06" collectorName="R. Srisonchai, C. Sutcharit, K. Inkhavilay" country="Laos" elevation="840" latitude="20.404167" location="Limestone mountain" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="104.251114" municipality="Viengxay District" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Houaphan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="B14ECAE9305E20C1DCCA32575380640C" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="CBEB0CA367F0199199CED84A0D7CCDD1" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
(CUMZ-GLO007);
<collectingMunicipality id="060D44D9A8DF49229ECA7A5EF55A3123">Viengxay District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="E7117D8C0DCC4C891A415C646DDDC81D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D9D3124A7FA53E2A7163DC07AB1A65B:E7117D8C0DCC4C891A415C646DDDC81D" country="Laos" latitude="20.404167" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="104.251114" municipality="Viengxay District" name="Limestone mountain" stateProvince="Houaphan">Limestone mountain</location>
area near vocational-technical school around kilometre 31; elev.
<elevation id="D3A622AA0C110BCC990C3363FF6CAC87" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" unit="m" value="840.0">
<quantity id="156927FFFCB7B2B00912F4DDFCD69885" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" unit="m" value="840.0">840 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<geoCoordinate id="5E64667CE41534ED485606B56D3D4FE0" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="20.404167">20°24'15&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0C3DAADED61D67185FCF0F02FA347515" degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="4" value="104.251114">104°15'4&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate id="713B14C53E045267F08FAF50F484422C" value="2014-07-06">6 Jul. 2014</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="921CB1F647926648D9C1E959D279600F">R. Srisonchai</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="34ECC871AFFB6B4CBC6268D0CC26AACA">C. Sutcharit</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="0099AF990EFE9153A61A52B954D6C6EA">K. Inkhavilay</collectorName>
leg.; CUMZ;
<accessionNumber id="470D9CF1B972FCCCBD8B123EA34C0442" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/OQ661872">OQ661872</accessionNumber>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="62A06E4DCCB1CF928F4D45DBA4BC0E90" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="name">
<paragraph id="F84E3A890C89DE86895E03A32F968C88" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Name.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E49962D290DAF80624F34F8FE7DD3C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">To emphasize the caudal margin of the anal shield being more (♂) or less (♀) strongly bisinuate medially; adjective in feminine gender.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1D7CFEEDEB425C7AADAFC6677D3EC924" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3E044D943971C4960FD533B776362EC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="88C92DDD3F3623BB71B985C67F8B1E57" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Its unique color pattern is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="E12DBB12C22AEC5FAF78B3F96B66C54B" lsidName="H. nigra" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="DEAB33034E45155B19504FB02BF3832B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">H. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Golovatch, 2017, from Vietnam (Golovatch, 2017), but the two species differ by the thickness of the contrasting paler bands at the lateral and caudal edges of all tergites (ca. 1/3 vs. 1/5
<normalizedToken id="1DB19D1BAEB98DAB4304CC7A62EB51AF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as high as tergite height), the number of striae at the lateral edge of midbody tergites (2 vs. 3), the number of ommatidia (10+1(2) vs. 8+1), coupled with two tibial processes (one large process and one small cone vs. two small tibial cones), and the caudal edge of the anal shield (two strongly bisinuate medially vs. slightly emarginate medially).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2FCC5D4BE36D3CE17F96DB2DB4FDA80" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="description">
<paragraph id="798F05E41AB36B9342C162CB8C23DC00" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C4D751991946E9A3451268378CC4673C" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="C4FA7BA7E8F8EC3413B8CF85E7E5B4A2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Body length</emphasis>
of stretched holotype 13.2 mm, width 8.3 mm. Body length of stretched paratypes 13.5 mm (♂), 13.5-15.5 mm (♀), width 9.5 (♂), 8.5-9.5 mm (♀).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2B7FEEFED8962EC62B6F8E7933E2115" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B586D8752F1308F295BF36369474FAE7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Coloration of live animals</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="03DF1EE166B61D62BC88700877EF7F1E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A-D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006), habitus, live coloration E-G ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views A, C unrolled, sublateral views B, D rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively. A-D not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">1A-D</figureCitation>
): body blackish, with contrasting pale yellow to orange yellow, rather broad bands at the lateral and caudal edges of all tergites, ca. 1/3
<normalizedToken id="98FFCE1683F30EF86571E66A1BC4931A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as high as each tergite height, including collum, thoracic and anal shields. Head and antennae black, only labrum and
<normalizedToken id="536F09C85C21AD06183FCCE6C2F72894" originalValue="Tömösvárys">Toemoesvary's</normalizedToken>
organ yellowish. Venter and legs dark brown to brown with a pale yellowish claw and the posterior part of each tarsus; coloration in alcohol faded after eight years of preservation (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5C48240EC6FB99F450CEEC995835A455" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A-D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006), habitus, live coloration E-G ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views A, C unrolled, sublateral views B, D rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively. A-D not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">1E-G</figureCitation>
), body pale black to charcoal, with contrasting pale yellow to whitish bands. Head and antennae grey to blackish. Venter and legs pale brown to brownish.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E91492DD56F69F9DFA05D0F8C42B3E57" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="E2B4F9E043DEF47039ACF59EFB7E8DFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="C0EAFC0FF4A6841242461CE63F2B4667" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E7E5A294E3080EDDBA0B51DC3686A6CB" authorityName="Likhitrakarn" authorityYear="2023" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyperglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperglomeris bicaudata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicaudata">
<emphasis id="40A8FDB49E77A5460D16EB5B63D64B82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Hyperglomeris bicaudata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="9D30B836970EA9E35F8A7DB9F6E7314C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">A-D</emphasis>
♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO006), habitus, live coloration
<emphasis id="ECC54988271F4F858FF3B2F6B5B59820" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">E-G</emphasis>
♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views
<emphasis id="08DC7AF41E28E4D5990F59A086C13E6C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">A, C</emphasis>
unrolled, sublateral views
<emphasis id="9E02F39D40EE9102572D4FC68C82E137" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B, D</emphasis>
rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively.
<emphasis id="DB602A1728F8D595F264E84009C4094A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">A-D</emphasis>
not to scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D29BB57CD19CABD476F891B3769DAA72" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="F37F8B0EEC7CD4CC76E53B94DD14C398" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Labrum sparsely setose</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="4B0FC74E34130C3FFD6CC969C50308F9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A-D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006), habitus, live coloration E-G ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views A, C unrolled, sublateral views B, D rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively. A-D not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">1F</figureCitation>
). Gnathochilarium with 2+2 palps of subequal length. Ocular fields whitish, 10+1(2) ommatidia, cornea convex, oval in shape, translucent. Antennae with four evident apical cones, segment 6 ca. 2.1-2.4
<normalizedToken id="8D1F99C820FF062726960326F43C46E4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as high. Organ of
<normalizedToken id="0018B2F20BDD44A5839973CCD317DD50" originalValue="Tömösváry">Toemoesvary</normalizedToken>
typical, horseshoe-shaped, oblong-oval, elongate, ca. 1.5-1.8
<normalizedToken id="B505106F140084EA89364264CB95B58B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad (Fig.
<figureCitation id="02B94F7E6BAC55F170BB28C72F1C6A22" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A-D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006), habitus, live coloration E-G ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views A, C unrolled, sublateral views B, D rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively. A-D not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">1F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B6E2B9DCCFCFEA229C95DFA574734494" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="AE719FEB19294F7A586B1A35EECEB057" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Collum</emphasis>
as usual, with two transverse striae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5DF1827AEFEA505BF97A02FE91399AB5" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A-D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006), habitus, live coloration E-G ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views A, C unrolled, sublateral views B, D rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively. A-D not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">1F</figureCitation>
). Thoracic shield with a small hyposchism field not projecting caudad past tergal margin. Striae 4-6, mostly superficial, only lower 3 or 4 lying above schism, one level with schism, remaining 1 or 2 below schism, with 4 and 5 complete, crossing the dorsum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6EAE6D23AEDD71E207A8B7AC63AAE074" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A-D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006), habitus, live coloration E-G ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views A, C unrolled, sublateral views B, D rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively. A-D not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">1G</figureCitation>
). Terga 3 and 4 rather broadly rounded laterally (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FE5373C2D3EF3BBB92E00DB2F9E21964" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A-D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006), habitus, live coloration E-G ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views A, C unrolled, sublateral views B, D rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively. A-D not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">1G</figureCitation>
). Following terga in front of pygidium faintly concave medially at caudal edge and with two striae starting above lateral edge, sometimes first stria fading away towards midway. Caudal edge of anal shield more (♂, Figs
<figureCitation id="E22895AD09AB3BBD19E90987EAF1F7A1" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A-D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006), habitus, live coloration E-G ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views A, C unrolled, sublateral views B, D rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively. A-D not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">1C, E, F, G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CD03A7BE7D27D67FEDA3E661280A4F0B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A, C, E, F ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) B ♀ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006) D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007) A, B anal shield edge in venter view, male and female, respectively C leg 17, anterior view D leg 18, anterior view E, F telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively G tip of syncoxital lobes (not to scale). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-F). Abbreviations: cx coxa, cxl coxal lobe, fe femur, fp femoral process, pf prefemur, pfc prefemoral cone of telopod, sh syncoxital horn of telopod, sl syncoxital lobe of telopod, sn syncoxite notch, sx syncoxite, ta tarsus, tc tibial cone, ti tibia, tp tibial process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854505" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">2A</figureCitation>
) or less (♀, Fig.
<figureCitation id="4AC0BD3749B1107451E63D1CB8B70C7F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A, C, E, F ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) B ♀ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006) D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007) A, B anal shield edge in venter view, male and female, respectively C leg 17, anterior view D leg 18, anterior view E, F telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively G tip of syncoxital lobes (not to scale). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-F). Abbreviations: cx coxa, cxl coxal lobe, fe femur, fp femoral process, pf prefemur, pfc prefemoral cone of telopod, sh syncoxital horn of telopod, sl syncoxital lobe of telopod, sn syncoxite notch, sx syncoxite, ta tarsus, tc tibial cone, ti tibia, tp tibial process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854505" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">2B</figureCitation>
)) strongly bisinuate medially.
</paragraph>
<caption id="82B845B1FEBA891A52A24A35739F51C8" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854505" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="821415E90282C53730AD0C04A4F7509A" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="F213008A922A1A58A0699C664D97A6A0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="10642C39E7DD31D4C32B1F7518911D42" authorityName="Likhitrakarn" authorityYear="2023" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyperglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperglomeris bicaudata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicaudata">
<emphasis id="3CDC55C76BA3D8794828D45D88E3FEAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Hyperglomeris bicaudata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="675F83A3465BD6A55224AD45B9EEDD1C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">A, C, E, F</emphasis>
♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO006)
<emphasis id="F95EEB2A5973F1CB2833585743D89C77" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">B</emphasis>
♀ paratype (CUMZ-GLO006)
<emphasis id="3CE5753AB6B582C2D98E2603A91EF3AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">D</emphasis>
♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO007)
<emphasis id="95540D9853F43852BECA733529F9EEB7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">A, B</emphasis>
anal shield edge in venter view, male and female, respectively
<emphasis id="CCF0EF8A75D592972B472075042C3289" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C</emphasis>
leg 17, anterior view
<emphasis id="3A809FDC8172A1BFCB2AADB140F50AD9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">D</emphasis>
leg 18, anterior view
<emphasis id="E5FE162F1AD701C34F0C3F04B35E454B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">E, F</emphasis>
telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively
<emphasis id="01B847DC75E897819BB65776A27E0A2B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">G</emphasis>
tip of syncoxital lobes (not to scale). Scale bars: 1 mm (
<emphasis id="C13485F22D5F04B66C7F09CCADA527D3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">A-F)</emphasis>
. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="9395071FEA0421D8D7187AE5927EF34C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">cx</emphasis>
coxa,
<emphasis id="0B778581A2380DC367E1D4409F94F5D0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">cxl</emphasis>
coxal lobe,
<emphasis id="4A670FBE407E8CB19E06309AC7E21C32" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">fe</emphasis>
femur,
<emphasis id="9A7D0BD30DA1810A67149FCC7E3D0269" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">fp</emphasis>
femoral process,
<emphasis id="FCB0F182519341DED9BB1A5FB9CC42B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">pf</emphasis>
prefemur,
<emphasis id="D6EE71463C3A7438D7DE2064C6EC64F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">pfc</emphasis>
prefemoral cone of telopod,
<emphasis id="991E943E4DA8D5947046CA9DD21B28A1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">sh</emphasis>
syncoxital horn of telopod,
<emphasis id="247FE07023971714D07648086CD067CE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">sl</emphasis>
syncoxital lobe of telopod,
<emphasis id="FD14B457C80B825157911D39A668C09B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">sn</emphasis>
syncoxite notch,
<emphasis id="D11ADBA25B77A1E5E348FE40B57D8625" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">sx</emphasis>
syncoxite,
<emphasis id="AEA8D6853ADB9101C030C6E5985A383E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">ta</emphasis>
tarsus,
<emphasis id="54016C21909BE6ABBF10E8888559E60B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">tc</emphasis>
tibial cone,
<emphasis id="6330E7C395186A85D0F59FEB7E656D13" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">ti</emphasis>
tibia,
<emphasis id="E5FDD013A247E22C342668B2DCEC7B6B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">tp</emphasis>
tibial process.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7B50FE74A3CE4F8DAC416F6535ED98FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="BB8DBC1E5B62E9D3781A363A88104130" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Male legs 17</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="6A1885BDF83D536AC0943790400C3576" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A, C, E, F ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) B ♀ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006) D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007) A, B anal shield edge in venter view, male and female, respectively C leg 17, anterior view D leg 18, anterior view E, F telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively G tip of syncoxital lobes (not to scale). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-F). Abbreviations: cx coxa, cxl coxal lobe, fe femur, fp femoral process, pf prefemur, pfc prefemoral cone of telopod, sh syncoxital horn of telopod, sl syncoxital lobe of telopod, sn syncoxite notch, sx syncoxite, ta tarsus, tc tibial cone, ti tibia, tp tibial process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854505" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">2C</figureCitation>
) strongly reduced, with a rather high, often irregularly rounded coxal lobe (cxl) and a 4-segmented telopodite.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4126CB49E9FFB39B8E6C8057C18D05CB" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854506" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="D854BC28A63F792A624666CCC827C33E" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="F4B3DE364D03893BD8681675BAE4E155" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Leg 18
<emphasis id="A09C6EB288AE1054421899929785988F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">A, B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="94F7F7F5A4E5A3F3D24E78CF9BEEE05E" authorityName="Likhitrakarn" authorityYear="2023" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyperglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperglomeris bicaudata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicaudata">
<emphasis id="E25636886EB287BD6EF0B5ADC53763FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Hyperglomeris bicaudata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO007), left, anterior and posterior views, respectively
<emphasis id="74CD06CE4E3896BA3E68B4A76C140C0A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E09CF6B1B6C7D3F42F5BF90F887E4D0C" authorityName="Likhitrakarn" authorityYear="2023" class="Diplopoda" family="Glomeridae" genus="Hyperglomeris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyperglomeris inkhavilayi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inkhavilayi">
<emphasis id="E90626B742EC1086924A79B468F139E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Hyperglomeris inkhavilayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., ♂ paratype, right, anterior, and posterior views, respectively. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="69E312263E4DE299AD01C7A0E51E9937" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="203A4649EB9CC0CB87151FE242ACF0E2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Male legs 18</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="26DA89CE8EF6FC1E8E253DB0ED2DC72F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A, C, E, F ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) B ♀ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006) D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007) A, B anal shield edge in venter view, male and female, respectively C leg 17, anterior view D leg 18, anterior view E, F telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively G tip of syncoxital lobes (not to scale). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-F). Abbreviations: cx coxa, cxl coxal lobe, fe femur, fp femoral process, pf prefemur, pfc prefemoral cone of telopod, sh syncoxital horn of telopod, sl syncoxital lobe of telopod, sn syncoxite notch, sx syncoxite, ta tarsus, tc tibial cone, ti tibia, tp tibial process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854505" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">2D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F86247AFF2A929DFF3FA5125F3E549A6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Leg 18 A, B Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov., ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007), left, anterior and posterior views, respectively C, D Hyperglomeris inkhavilayi sp. nov., ♂ paratype, right, anterior, and posterior views, respectively. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854506" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">3A, B</figureCitation>
) simple, rather strongly reduced, without any evident outgrowths; syncoxite membranous, on either side with a simple, small, and narrowly ogival syncoxite notch (sn) and a 4-segmented telopodite.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D468A8A04833C5A3F0FAB00E9B99B55" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="037427A0D94CFE19BE9D176580F19E1A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Telopods</emphasis>
(= male legs 19) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A4425158E40A24575F766B3114C0C656" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A, C, E, F ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) B ♀ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006) D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007) A, B anal shield edge in venter view, male and female, respectively C leg 17, anterior view D leg 18, anterior view E, F telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively G tip of syncoxital lobes (not to scale). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-F). Abbreviations: cx coxa, cxl coxal lobe, fe femur, fp femoral process, pf prefemur, pfc prefemoral cone of telopod, sh syncoxital horn of telopod, sl syncoxital lobe of telopod, sn syncoxite notch, sx syncoxite, ta tarsus, tc tibial cone, ti tibia, tp tibial process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854505" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">2E-G</figureCitation>
) with a very large, broad and roundly subtrapeziform syncoxital lobe (sl) flanked by two short, spiniform, obliquely truncate, setose syncoxital horns (sh), level with syncoxital lobe (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7AB83C60F2B84C915C7D4CF7404E3BD4" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A, C, E, F ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) B ♀ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006) D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007) A, B anal shield edge in venter view, male and female, respectively C leg 17, anterior view D leg 18, anterior view E, F telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively G tip of syncoxital lobes (not to scale). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-F). Abbreviations: cx coxa, cxl coxal lobe, fe femur, fp femoral process, pf prefemur, pfc prefemoral cone of telopod, sh syncoxital horn of telopod, sl syncoxital lobe of telopod, sn syncoxite notch, sx syncoxite, ta tarsus, tc tibial cone, ti tibia, tp tibial process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854505" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">2F</figureCitation>
). Telopodite 4-segmented, with a spine apically. Prefemur subellipsoid, with an evident, rather small, distad tapering, tuberculiform, distomesal prefemoral cone (pc) (a reduced trichostele), ca. 1/4-1/5
<normalizedToken id="63A42A28740AE1F5D57A01694BB98BCD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as femur. The latter in caudal view with a prominent, stout, finger-shaped, distomesal femoral process (fp) devoid of a trichostele, produced apically to ca. 3/4 tibia. Tibia elongate, gently tapering distad and curved apically basad towards process on femur, with an evident, caudad curved, distolateral tibial process (tp) and a small, short and pointed distomesal tibial cone (tc). Tarsus smallest, subcylindrical, moderately sigmoid, strongly curved, narrowly rounded apically.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7786A2ECA0B6AA319E0652B4DDD58F4F" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="24E686F0BD865FE44CAF2D46B503E62F" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67EA8C8DAEE43B24933F0A7D11566ACA" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
Unique to this species is that the caudal margin of the anal shield shows two more (♂, Figs
<figureCitation id="A63FDBD55547A304ECFBFD0006B01C12" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A-D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006), habitus, live coloration E-G ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views A, C unrolled, sublateral views B, D rolled, sublateral and subdorsal views, respectively. A-D not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854504" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">1C, E, F, G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9E7BD1AE8FB016E04B1E0B28FE990BAE" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A, C, E, F ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) B ♀ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006) D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007) A, B anal shield edge in venter view, male and female, respectively C leg 17, anterior view D leg 18, anterior view E, F telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively G tip of syncoxital lobes (not to scale). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-F). Abbreviations: cx coxa, cxl coxal lobe, fe femur, fp femoral process, pf prefemur, pfc prefemoral cone of telopod, sh syncoxital horn of telopod, sl syncoxital lobe of telopod, sn syncoxite notch, sx syncoxite, ta tarsus, tc tibial cone, ti tibia, tp tibial process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854505" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">2A</figureCitation>
) or less (♀, Fig.
<figureCitation id="542DCE2D30363D3713B38D9CB5E8766E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Hyperglomeris bicaudata sp. nov. A, C, E, F ♂ holotype (CUMZ-GLO 006) B ♀ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 006) D ♂ paratype (CUMZ-GLO 007) A, B anal shield edge in venter view, male and female, respectively C leg 17, anterior view D leg 18, anterior view E, F telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively G tip of syncoxital lobes (not to scale). Scale bars: 1 mm (A-F). Abbreviations: cx coxa, cxl coxal lobe, fe femur, fp femoral process, pf prefemur, pfc prefemoral cone of telopod, sh syncoxital horn of telopod, sl syncoxital lobe of telopod, sn syncoxite notch, sx syncoxite, ta tarsus, tc tibial cone, ti tibia, tp tibial process." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/854505" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">2A</figureCitation>
) pronounced paramedian knobs. That the male is equipped with such modifications is quite usual in various lineages of
<taxonomicName id="A5132DEA21177467347EF9F1649CE858" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1917" class="Diplopoda" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Glomerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="order">Glomerida</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="43CC3294F6022F07783A293D4A575014" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.954.54694" author="Liu, W" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="1 - 15" refId="B19" refString="Liu, W, Golovatch, S, 2020. The first representatives of the millipede family Glomeridellidae (Diplopoda, Glomerida) recorded from China and Indochina. ZooKeys 954: 1 - 15, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.954.54694" title="The first representatives of the millipede family Glomeridellidae (Diplopoda, Glomerida) recorded from China and Indochina." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.954.54694" volume="954" year="2020">Liu and Golovatch 2020</bibRefCitation>
), but their presence in the female, albeit not as strongly as in the male, is really striking.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="173FCFAAD0133FFDB924422B19E5AEC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
This distinguishing character can be hypothesized as possibly playing an important role in a courtship process or being associated with courtship behavior. Certain male structures dedicated to interactions with females during courtship have often diverged relatively quickly during evolution, causing these features to change into species-specific differences (
<bibRefCitation id="E27BF203FBF0DA1B908A8E16DAF900A1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2004.tb00482.x" author="Eberhard, WG" journalOrPublisher="Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="1947 - 1970" refId="B5" refString="Eberhard, WG, 2004. Rapid Divergent Evolution of Sexual Morphology: Comparative Tests of Antagonitic Coevolution and Traditional Female Choice. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution 58 (9): 1947 - 1970, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2004.tb00482.x" title="Rapid Divergent Evolution of Sexual Morphology: Comparative Tests of Antagonitic Coevolution and Traditional Female Choice." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2004.tb00482.x" volume="58" year="2004">Eberhard 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Noteworthy examples of such characters are antennae, legs and heads in springtails (
<taxonomicName id="4A8806A6ED4E4ABE2D11F27CA94DEB2A" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1917" class="Diplopoda" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Collembola" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" rank="order">Collembola</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="D5E80BFD432C8765E95EF48F0E05A95C" authorityName="Borner" authorityYear="1913" class="Collembola" family="Bourletiellidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Symphypleona" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bourletiellidae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="E1BF421164516E46458935B2EB986A32" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10164-005-0162-6" author="Kozlowski, MW" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Ethology" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="103 - 109" refId="B13" refString="Kozlowski, MW, Aoxiang, S, 2006. Ritual behaviors associated with spermatophore transfer in Deuterosminthurus bicinctus (Collembola: Bourletiellidae). Journal of Ethology 24 (2): 103 - 109, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10164-005-0162-6" title="Ritual behaviors associated with spermatophore transfer in Deuterosminthurus bicinctus (Collembola: Bourletiellidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10164-005-0162-6" volume="24" year="2006">Kozlowski and Aoxiang 2006</bibRefCitation>
) and stridulation organs in giant pill millipedes (Sphaerotheria) (
<bibRefCitation id="1BC7980B025A3B6096007A193F2E837B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-011-0850-8" author="Wesener, T" journalOrPublisher="Naturwissenschaften" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="967 - 975" refId="B34" refString="Wesener, T, Koehler, J, Fuchs, S, VandenSpiegel, D, 2011. How to uncoil your partner-&quot;mating songs&quot; in giant pill-millipedes (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida). Naturwissenschaften 98 (11): 967 - 975, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-011-0850-8" title="How to uncoil your partner- &quot; mating songs &quot; in giant pill-millipedes (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida)." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-011-0850-8" volume="98" year="2011">Wesener et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
) that may not be involved directly in sperm transfer but are associated with mating behavior. In order to understand the relationship between these types of traits and their function in the glomerids, it is essential to examine the mating behavior of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>