197 lines
22 KiB
XML
197 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="25526F31658028B5F8E71503062DD64A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.183878" ID-GBIF-Dataset="810a9086-292c-4ca4-8075-91312cfac96e" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="183878" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459927247838" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Plotkin, Alexander S. & Janussen, Dorte" docDate="2008" docId="03E887DC5E69FFBC5EC917A0FB1DAD87" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01866p135.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1866" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Acanthopolymastia acanthoxa Koltun 1964" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="FFD1FFA45E6AFFB85E5E1447FFB3AA43" masterDocTitle="Polymastiidae and Suberitidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Hadromerida) of the deep Weddell Sea, Antarctic *" masterLastPageNumber="135" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="98" updateTime="1698229662645" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F98D2E1C6F94CE262663126EFD2E23F9">Polymastiidae and Suberitidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Hadromerida) of the deep Weddell Sea, Antarctic *</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FF6EA19DB9BFE7907474FFF9BEF5B915">Plotkin, Alexander S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E413A2851337059E796C48C83FCA209F">Janussen, Dorte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="EEE5D3F680F7940908BA04B178FD6F2F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="06A5C674395DFFA4854B08928315BE30">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E887DC5E69FFBC5EC917A0FB1DAD87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6235787" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119374494" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6235787" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887DC5E69FFBC5EC917A0FB1DAD87" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E887DC5E69FFBC5EC917A0FB1DAD87" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<subSubSection id="C35B65415E69FFBB5EC917A0FEA5AE0F" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E69FFBB5EC917A0FC90AE42" blockId="3.[151,803,999,1025]" box="[151,803,999,1025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<heading id="D0B681A65E69FFBB5EC917A0FC90AE42" bold="true" box="[151,803,999,1025]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B935EAD85E69FFBB5EC917A0FC90AE42" bold="true" box="[151,803,999,1025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E69FFBB5EC917A0FD71AE42" authority="Koltun, 1964" authorityName="Koltun" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,706,999,1025]" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Acanthopolymastia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="acanthoxa">
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<emphasis id="B935EAD85E69FFBB5EC917A0FDB5AE42" bold="true" box="[151,518,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Acanthopolymastia acanthoxa</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E69FFBB5C4B17A0FD0AAE42" author="Koltun" box="[533,697,999,1025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="134" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1964) Sponges of the Antarctic. Part 1. Tetraxonida and Cornacuspongida. In: Pavlovskii, E. P., Andriyashev, A. P. & Ushakov, P. V. (Eds.), Biological Reports of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1955 - 1958), Explorations of the fauna of the seas. Vol. 2 (10). Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad, 6 - 133, 443 - 448." type="journal article" year="1964">Koltun, 1964</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="137A2A4F5E69FFBB5C8F17A0FCA9AE42" box="[721,794,999,1025]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1218,1242]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,197,1191]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,197,1192]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Acanthopolymastia acanthoxa. A—specimen SMF 10539. B—histological section of idem, general view. C—the same as B, detail of choanosome with acanthose centrotylote microxeas. D—microxeas at SEM. Scale bars: A 10 mm; B 1 mm; C 0.1 mm; D 0.03 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183880/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E69FFBB5EC91075FEA5AE0F" blockId="3.[151,1352,1074,1201]" box="[151,278,1074,1100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Synonymy</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B65415E69FFBB5EC9101DFDC2AE32" box="[151,625,1114,1137]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E69FFBB5EC9101DFDC2AE32" blockId="3.[151,1352,1074,1201]" box="[151,625,1114,1137]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5111E45E69FFBB5EC9101DFDC2AE32" box="[151,625,1114,1137]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E69FFBB5EC9101DFEE8AE32" box="[151,347,1114,1137]" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Atergia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="acanthoxa">
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<emphasis id="B935EAD85E69FFBB5EC9101DFEE8AE32" box="[151,347,1114,1137]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Atergia acanthoxa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE010DB5E69FFBB5F29101DFD94AE32" author="Koltun" box="[375,551,1114,1137]" page="27" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" year="1964">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E69FFBB5F29101DFDB3AE32" author="Koltun" box="[375,512,1114,1137]" pageId="3" pageNumber="134" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1964) Sponges of the Antarctic. Part 1. Tetraxonida and Cornacuspongida. In: Pavlovskii, E. P., Andriyashev, A. P. & Ushakov, P. V. (Eds.), Biological Reports of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1955 - 1958), Explorations of the fauna of the seas. Vol. 2 (10). Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad, 6 - 133, 443 - 448." type="journal article" year="1964">Koltun 1964</bibRefCitation>
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: 27
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 3.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B65415E69FFBB5EC9103DFC97AEF2" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E69FFBB5EC9103DFC97AEF2" blockId="3.[151,1352,1074,1201]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5111E45E69FFBB5EC9103DFC97AEF2" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<emphasis id="B935EAD85E69FFBB5EC9103DFE41AED2" box="[151,498,1146,1169]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E69FFBB5EC9103DFED7AED2" box="[151,356,1146,1169]" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Acanthopolymastia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Acanthopolymastia</taxonomicName>
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acanthoxa—
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE010DB5E69FFBB5FAC103DFC22AED2" author="Kelly-Borges" box="[498,913,1146,1169]" page="396" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" year="1997">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E69FFBB5FAC103DFCEFAED2" author="Kelly-Borges" box="[498,860,1146,1169]" pageId="3" pageNumber="134" refString="Kelly-Borges, M. & Bergquist, P. R. (1997) Revision of Southwest Pacific Polymastiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Hadromerida) with descriptions of new species of Polymastia Bowerbank, Tylexocladus Topsent, and Acanthopolymastia gen. nov. from New Zealand and the Norfolk Ridge, New Caledonia. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 31 (3), 367 - 402." type="journal article" year="1997">KellyBorges and Bergquist 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 396
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 27;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE010DB5E69FFBB5DB1103DFB4CAED2" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[1007,1279,1146,1169]" page="209" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E69FFBB5DB1103DFB79AED2" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[1007,1226,1146,1169]" pageId="3" pageNumber="133" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. (2002) Family Polymastiidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Classification of Sponges. Vol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 201 - 219." type="book chapter" year="2002">BouryEsnault 2002</bibRefCitation>
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: 209
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 7. Not
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<emphasis id="B935EAD85E69FFBB5E9B10DDFE12AEF2" box="[197,417,1178,1201]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E69FFBB5E9B10DDFEA7AEF2" box="[197,276,1178,1201]" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Atergia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Atergia</taxonomicName>
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acanthoxa—
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE010DB5E69FFBB5FFC10DDFD89AEF2" author="Levi" box="[418,570,1178,1201]" page="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" year="1993">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E69FFBB5FFC10DDFDA1AEF2" author="Levi" box="[418,530,1178,1201]" pageId="3" pageNumber="134" refString="Levi, C. (1993) Porifera Demospongiae: Spongiaires bathyaux de Nouvelle-Caledonie, recoltes par le ' Jean Charcot'. Campagne BIOCAL, 1985. In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM, Vol. 11. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (A, Zoologie), 158, 9 - 87." type="journal article" year="1993">Lévi 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 26
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 7C, pl. II (9–12).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B65415E69FFBB5EC910A5FD8AACCF" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E69FFBB5EC910A5FEC0AEBF" blockId="3.[151,658,1250,1316]" box="[151,371,1250,1276]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Material examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E69FFBB5E98114DFD21AF67" blockId="3.[151,658,1250,1316]" box="[198,658,1290,1316]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<collectionCode id="ED50AE0F5E69FFBB5E98114DFEB2AF67" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[198,257,1290,1316]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">SMF</collectionCode>
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10539 (
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<specimenCount id="9D47FD435E69FFBB5F3A114DFE5EAF67" box="[356,493,1290,1316]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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): PS67/0806.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E69FFBB5EC9111DFEACAF37" blockId="3.[151,1437,1370,1916]" box="[151,287,1370,1396]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E69FFBB5E9811C4FD8AACCF" blockId="3.[151,1437,1370,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<emphasis id="B935EAD85E69FFBB5E9811C4FE78AFDF" box="[198,459,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">External morphology.</emphasis>
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Slightly damaged, cushionshaped sponge measuring about
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<date id="FFFF100A5E69FFBB5AF111C5FB47AFDF" box="[1199,1268,1410,1436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" value="1913-10-13">13x13</date>
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x
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<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E69FFBB5B5A11C5FAD6AFDF" box="[1284,1381,1410,1436]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
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and removed from substrate (fig. 2A). The upper surface of the sponge is mainly hispid, where not damaged. Its colour is greyish due to sediment particles, which soil the hispidation. Bare areas of the surface are paler. The basal surface is rather damaged. The marginal spicule fringe is well preserved and measures about
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<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E69FFBB5B6A11BDFAC9AC57" box="[1332,1402,1530,1556]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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in width. A single exhalant papilla is pale and measures approximately
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<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E69FFBB5D901265FBA0AC7F" box="[974,1043,1570,1596]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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in length and
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<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E69FFBB5A9F1265FAB4AC7F" box="[1217,1287,1570,1596]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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in diameter. The cortex is semitransparent, hardly detachable, moderately firm and somewhat fragile. The choanosome is soft, crumbly and whitish in colour.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35B65415E69FFBC5E9812DCFB7CAC97" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E69FFBB5E9812DCFC3DAD3F" blockId="3.[151,1437,1370,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
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<emphasis id="B935EAD85E69FFBB5E9812DCFE82ACF7" box="[198,305,1691,1716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Skeleton.</emphasis>
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The main choanosomal skeleton consists of the radial tracts of principal spicules measuring in the basal choanosome 100–300 µm in thickness, penetrating the cortex and making up a surface hispidation of 650 µm in thickness (fig. 2B). The additional choanosomal skeleton is composed of freescattered, abundant, acanthose, centrotylote microxeas (fig. 2C). The cortex, measuring 340–1140 µm in thickness, consists of two layers—the external palisade of small tylostyles and the internal unordered mass of centrotylote acanthoxeas. The marginal fringe is made of extremely long and thin spicules.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF3E66425E6EFFBC5EC91085FD99AF5D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183880/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" targetBox="[151,1435,197,1191]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E6EFFBC5EC91085FD99AF5D" blockId="4.[151,1437,1218,1310]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
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<emphasis id="B935EAD85E6EFFBC5EC91085FEA8AE99" bold="true" box="[151,283,1218,1242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E6EFFBC5F7A1085FDDAAE9A" box="[292,617,1218,1241]" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Acanthopolymastia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="acanthoxa">
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<emphasis id="B935EAD85E6EFFBC5F7A1085FDDAAE9A" box="[292,617,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Acanthopolymastia acanthoxa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A—specimen SMF 10539. B—histological section of idem, general view. C—the same as B, detail of choanosome with acanthose centrotylote microxeas. D—microxeas at SEM. Scale bars: A 10 mm; B 1 mm; C 0.1 mm; D 0.03 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E6EFFBC5E98113DFC72AFA7" blockId="4.[151,1436,1402,1988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
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<emphasis id="B935EAD85E6EFFBC5E98113DFE83AFD0" box="[198,304,1402,1427]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Spicules.</emphasis>
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There are three main categories of spicules including acanthoxeas. We measured 20 spicules of each category. An additional category is constituted by the extralong spicules of the marginal fringe. Very few of them were measured, because most were broken on the slides.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E6EFFBC5E9811B5FB7CAC97" blockId="4.[151,1436,1402,1988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
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Principal spicules vary from styles to tylostyles. They are straight, slender and slightly fusiform and measure: length
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<date id="FFFF100A5E6EFFBC5F75125DFE19AC77" box="[299,426,1562,1588]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" value="1525" valueMax="2123">15252123</date>
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2693 ìm, maximal diameter 1114.717 ìm. Small cortical tylostyles are straight and slender. They measure: length 257369549 ìm, maximal diameter 910.312 ìm. Acanthose, centrotylote microxeas measure: length 89113158 ìm, diameter of central tyle 55.98 ìm (fig. 2D). Extralong spicules of the marginal fringe vary from styles to subtylostyles. They are slightly curved and slender. We estimate that their maximal length exceeds 5900 ìm, while the maximal diameter can be more than 30 ìm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B65415E6EFFBC5E9812A5FCCDACBF" box="[198,894,1762,1788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E6EFFBC5E9812A5FCCDACBF" blockId="4.[151,1436,1402,1988]" box="[198,894,1762,1788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E6EFFBC5E9812A5FED5ACB8" box="[198,358,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FA88685E6EFFBC5E9812A5FF4EACB8" box="[198,253,1762,1787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F356765A5E6EFFBC5F3312A5FE6CACBF" box="[365,479,1762,1788]" name="Antarctica" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Northern Ross Sea,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E6EFFBC5C8A12A5FCCAACBF" box="[724,889,1762,1788]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="3300.0" valueMax="3400.0" valueMin="3200.0">3200–3400 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35B65415E6EFFBC5E98134DFAAEAD67" box="[198,1309,1802,1828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E6EFFBC5E98134DFAAEAD67" blockId="4.[151,1436,1402,1988]" box="[198,1309,1802,1828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E6EFFBC5E98134DFD39AD60" box="[198,650,1802,1827]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Distribution (other than
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FA88685E6EFFBC5FB8134DFDA4AD60" box="[486,535,1802,1827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F356765A5E6EFFBC5CCC134DFCB0AD67" box="[658,771,1802,1828]" name="Antarctica" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
|
||
: NE Weddell Sea, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E6EFFBC5A58134DFBECAD67" box="[1030,1119,1802,1828]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
|
||
(present study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35B65415E6EFFBC5E981375FB1DAD87" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E6EFFBC5E981375FB1DAD87" blockId="4.[151,1436,1402,1988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E6EFFBC5E981375FE86AD08" box="[198,309,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This is the second finding of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E6EFFBC5CC21375FC8BAD08" box="[668,824,1842,1867]" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Acanthopolymastia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="acanthoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E6EFFBC5CC21375FC8BAD08" box="[668,824,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">A. acanthoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
since
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E6EFFBC5DD81375FB9DAD0F" author="Koltun" box="[902,1070,1842,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1964) Sponges of the Antarctic. Part 1. Tetraxonida and Cornacuspongida. In: Pavlovskii, E. P., Andriyashev, A. P. & Ushakov, P. V. (Eds.), Biological Reports of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1955 - 1958), Explorations of the fauna of the seas. Vol. 2 (10). Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad, 6 - 133, 443 - 448." type="journal article" year="1964">Koltun (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described it from the northern Ross Sea. Both specimens have come from approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E6EFFBC5D18131DFC2CAD37" box="[838,927,1882,1908]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
|
||
and demonstrate no sufficient difference in external morphology, skeletal arrangement, spicule shape and size. The comprehensive comparison of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E6EFFBC5BDD13C5FEA2AD80" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Acanthopolymastia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="acanthoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E6EFFBC5BDD13C5FEA2AD80" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">A. acanthoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with its congeners has been completed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E6EFFBC5D5613EDFB19AD87" author="Kelly-Borges" box="[776,1194,1962,1988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="134" refString="Kelly-Borges, M. & Bergquist, P. R. (1997) Revision of Southwest Pacific Polymastiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Hadromerida) with descriptions of new species of Polymastia Bowerbank, Tylexocladus Topsent, and Acanthopolymastia gen. nov. from New Zealand and the Norfolk Ridge, New Caledonia. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 31 (3), 367 - 402." type="journal article" year="1997">KellyBorges and Bergquist (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |