234 lines
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234 lines
24 KiB
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<mods:title id="E3D810378FE8E08AEC2ECD113B3781C6">Ticks (Argasidae, Ixodidae) and tick-borne diseases of continental Southeast Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="059BC8FCCD5CA2FB15DD26D527544DB8">Saijuntha, Weerachai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DF0079CE91CF970824D2A0DB47AA4628">Eamudomkarn, Chatanun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="28874C3CED49C79E2E58CD8A6AD3620E">Ahamad, Mariana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="846452C4E1F710F2F515E32D33E23AE0">Muders, Senta V.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03DD87C4FFD5FFFA1EFCDFF7FF43FA8C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4541849" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152610923" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4541849" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87C4FFD5FFFA1EFCDFF7FF43FA8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87C4FFD5FFFA1EFCDFF7FF43FA8C" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="C36E6559FFD5FFFA1EFCDFF7FDF7FD78" box="[151,605,654,679]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36D2FFD5FFFA1EFCDFF7FDF7FD78" blockId="13.[151,605,654,679]" box="[151,605,654,679]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="D08381BEFFD5FFFA1EFCDFF7FDF7FD78" bold="true" box="[151,605,654,679]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D51FFD5FFFA1EFCDFF7FDF7FD78" ID-CoL="6T6M9" authority="Neumann, 1901" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,605,654,679]" class="Arachnida" family="Argasidae" genus="Ornithodoros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capensis">
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<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1EFCDFF7FDF7FD78" bold="true" box="[151,605,654,679]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1EFCDFF7FE31FD78" bold="true" box="[151,411,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ornithodoros capensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1FC9DFF7FDF7FD78" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[418,605,654,679]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="249 - 372" refId="ref60498" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1901) Revision de la famille des ixodides (4 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, Paris, 14, 249 - 372." type="journal article" year="1901">Neumann, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCB36D2FFD5FFFA1EFCDFAFFAEEFCA0" blockId="13.[151,1436,726,1363]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D51FFD5FFFA1EFCDFAFFE32FD31" ID-CoL="6T6M9" box="[151,408,726,751]" class="Arachnida" family="Argasidae" genus="Ornithodoros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capensis">
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<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1EFCDFAFFE32FD31" box="[151,408,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ornithodoros capensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a worldwide distribution as a parasite of marine and other water birds, occurring on islands and in other coastal habitats in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, as well as some inland waters (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1EF5DE67FE35FCE8" author="Hoogstraal, H. & Kaiser, MN & Easton, E. R." box="[158,415,798,823]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="703 - 704" refId="ref47770" refString="Hoogstraal, H., Kaiser, MN. & Easton, E. R. (1976) Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis Neumann (Ixodoidea: Argasidae) parasitizing a human and birds nesting on islands in East African lakes. Journal of Medical Entomology, 12, 703 - 704. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 12.6.703" type="journal article" year="1976">
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Hoogstraal
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<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1F48DE66FEFEFCE8" box="[291,340,798,823]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
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. 1976
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1FC7DE67FD6CFCE8" author="Barker, S. C. & Walker, A. R." box="[428,710,798,823]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref35080" refString="Barker, S. C. & Walker, A. R. (2014) Ticks of Australia. The species that infest domestic animals and humans. Zootaxa, 3816 (1), 1 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3816.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Barker and Walker 2014</bibRefCitation>
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). It is part of a complex containing 11 species that can be found predominantly on these hosts (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1F84DE3BFD61FC84" author="Keirans, J. E. & Hutcheson, H. J. & Oliver, J. H. Jr." box="[495,715,834,859]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="371 - 373" refId="ref51239" refString="Keirans, J. E., Hutcheson, H. J. & Oliver, J. H. Jr. (1992) Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis Neumann (Acari: Ixodoidea: Argasidae), a parasite of seabirds, established along the southeastern seacoast of the United States. Journal of Medical Entomology, 29, 371 - 373. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 29.2.371" type="journal article" year="1992">
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Keirans
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<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1C3BDE3DFD28FC84" box="[592,642,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
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. 1992
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1CBCDE3BFC45FC84" author="Barker, S. C. & Walker, A. R." box="[727,1007,834,859]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref35080" refString="Barker, S. C. & Walker, A. R. (2014) Ticks of Australia. The species that infest domestic animals and humans. Zootaxa, 3816 (1), 1 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3816.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Barker and Walker 2014</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1D90DE3AFB6FFC84" author="Duron, O. & Jourdain, E. & McCoy, K. D." box="[1019,1221,834,859]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="557 - 563" refId="ref40360" refString="Duron, O., Jourdain, E. & McCoy, K. D. (2014) Diversity and global distribution of the Coxiella intracellular bacterium in seabird ticks. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 5, 557 - 563. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2014.04.003" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Duron
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<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1A21DE3DFBD1FC84" box="[1098,1147,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
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. 2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1ABADE3AFF7EFCA0" author="Munoz-Leal, S. & Dias, R. A. & Abrahao, C. R. & Labruna, M. B." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="28 - 41" refId="ref59268" refString="Munoz-Leal, S., Dias, R. A., Abrahao, C. R. & Labruna, M. B. (2017) The Ornithodoros capensis group (Acari: Argasidae): a morphological diagnosis and molecular characterization of O. capensis sensu stricto from Queimada Grande Island, Brazil. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 22, 28 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 22.1.5" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Muñoz-Leal
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<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1B08DE3DFA3FFC84" box="[1379,1429,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
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. 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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). It will also feed on domestic poultry and humans (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1D73DE1FFBBCFCA0" author="Hoogstraal, H. & Kaiser, MN & Easton, E. R." box="[792,1046,870,895]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="703 - 704" refId="ref47770" refString="Hoogstraal, H., Kaiser, MN. & Easton, E. R. (1976) Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis Neumann (Ixodoidea: Argasidae) parasitizing a human and birds nesting on islands in East African lakes. Journal of Medical Entomology, 12, 703 - 704. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 12.6.703" type="journal article" year="1976">
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Hoogstraal
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<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1DF7DE1EFC66FCA0" box="[924,972,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
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. 1976
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1A4ADE1FFA92FCA0" author="Barker, S. C. & Walker, A. R." box="[1057,1336,870,895]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref35080" refString="Barker, S. C. & Walker, A. R. (2014) Ticks of Australia. The species that infest domestic animals and humans. Zootaxa, 3816 (1), 1 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3816.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Barker and Walker 2014</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCB36D2FFD5FFFA1EACDEF2FB45FBD0" blockId="13.[151,1436,726,1363]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1EACDEF2FE01FC7C" author="Dupraz, M. & Toty, C. & Noel, V. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Gonzalez-Solis, J. & Boulinier, T. & Dujardin, J. P. & McCoy, K. D." box="[199,427,906,931]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="12 - 22" refId="ref40094" refString="Dupraz, M., Toty, C., Noel, V., Estrada-Pena, A., Gonzalez-Solis, J., Boulinier, T., Dujardin, J. P. & McCoy, K. D. (2016) Linking morphometric and genetic divergence with host use in the tick complex, Ornithodoros capensis sensu lato. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 46, 12 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. meegid. 2016.10.005" type="journal article" year="2016">
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Dupraz
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<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1F4BDEF5FEF8FC7C" box="[288,338,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
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. (2016)
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</bibRefCitation>
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found a strong relationship between the genetic grouping within the
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D51FFD5FFFA1ADADEF2FA9EFC7C" ID-CoL="6T6M9" box="[1201,1332,907,931]" class="Arachnida" family="Argasidae" genus="Ornithodoros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1ADADEF2FA9EFC7C" box="[1201,1332,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">O. capensis</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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|
complex and host use in sympatric as well as allopatric populations. Geographic distance played a secondary role. These authors also discovered several novel genetic groups which they consider to be presumptive new species within this complex. The host-associated genetic divergence correlated well with morphological variation.
|
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</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36E6559FFD5FFFA1EACD963FF43FA8C" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36D2FFD5FFFA1EACD963FEC7FB1C" blockId="13.[151,1436,726,1363]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
|
Continental Southeast Asian records of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C744D51FFD5FFFA1CE7D962FCBAFBEC" box="[652,784,1051,1075]" class="Arachnida" family="Argasidae" genus="Ornithodoros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1CE7D962FCBAFBEC" box="[652,784,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">O. capensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C744D51FFD5FFFA1DE9D963FC70FBEC" box="[898,986,1050,1075]" class="Aves" family="Laridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ciconiiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Laridae</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C744D51FFD5FFFA1D8CD962FB84FBED" box="[999,1070,1051,1074]" class="Aves" family="Laridae" genus="Sterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ciconiiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1D8CD962FB84FBED" box="[999,1070,1051,1074]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Sterna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
spp., in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3637642FFD5FFFA1AFFD963FB52FBEC" box="[1172,1272,1050,1075]" name="Thailand" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
|
(coastal
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49B0F830FFD5FFFA1B34D963FE92FB88" country="Thailand" name="Chon Buri" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Chon Buri Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
, Sattahip District) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1C70D947FD55FB88" author="Tanskul, P. L. & Stark, H. E. & Inlao, I." box="[539,767,1086,1111]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="330 - 341" refId="ref68840" refString="Tanskul, P. L., Stark, H. E. & Inlao, I. (1983) A checklist of ticks of Thailand (Acari: Metastigmata: Ixodoidea). Journal of Medical Entomology, 20, 330 - 341. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 20.3.330" type="journal article" year="1983">
|
|
Tanskul
|
|
<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1C15D946FD1BFB88" box="[638,689,1086,1111]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 1983
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). These ticks tend to remain in the nesting places of their hosts outside the breeding season, allowing them to reinfest the hosts when they return to nest (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1ABDD91BFE24FB40" author="Humphery-Smith, I. & Moorhouse, D. E." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="353 - 357" refId="ref48332" refString="Humphery-Smith, I. & Moorhouse, D. E. (1980) Host acquisition by Ornithodoros capensis Neumann (Ixodoidea: Argasidae). Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 56, 353 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 1981563353" type="journal article" year="1980">Humphery-Smith and Moorhouse 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1FCFD9FFFD91FB40" author="Heath, A. C." box="[420,571,1158,1183]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="131 - 140" refId="ref44037" refString="Heath, A. C. (2006) Observations on Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell (Acari: Ixodidae), Ornithodoros capensis Neumann (Acari: Argasidae), and other tick parasites of sea birds in New Zealand. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 11, 131 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 11.2.1" type="journal article" year="2006">Heath (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
provides some information on the life cycle and rearing of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C744D51FFD5FFFA1A9AD9FEFADCFB41" box="[1265,1398,1159,1182]" class="Arachnida" family="Argasidae" genus="Ornithodoros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1A9AD9FEFADCFB41" box="[1265,1398,1159,1182]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">O. capensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
on domestic chickens.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BCB36D2FFD5FFFA1EACD9B7FF43FA8C" blockId="13.[151,1436,726,1363]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
|
The male, female, nymph and larva are illustrated in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1D7ED9B7FBBEFB38" author="Yamaguti, N. & Tipton, V. J. & Keegan, H. L. & Toshioka, S." box="[789,1044,1230,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 185" refId="ref72392" refString="Yamaguti, N., Tipton, V. J., Keegan, H. L. & Toshioka, S. (1971) Ticks of Japan, Korea, and the Ryukyu Islands. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series, 15, 1 - 185." type="journal article" year="1971">
|
|
Yamaguti
|
|
<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1DECD9B6FC12FB38" box="[903,952,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. (1971)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1A75D9B7FA92FB38" author="Munoz-Leal, S. & Dias, R. A. & Abrahao, C. R. & Labruna, M. B." box="[1054,1336,1230,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="28 - 41" refId="ref59268" refString="Munoz-Leal, S., Dias, R. A., Abrahao, C. R. & Labruna, M. B. (2017) The Ornithodoros capensis group (Acari: Argasidae): a morphological diagnosis and molecular characterization of O. capensis sensu stricto from Queimada Grande Island, Brazil. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 22, 28 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 22.1.5" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
|
Muñoz-Leal
|
|
<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1AC4D9B6FB4AFB38" box="[1199,1248,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. (2017)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
describe the morphology of the larvae and provide micrographs. Larvae of this species are included in the key to species from the Eastern Hemisphere by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1C7ED86FFC9AFAF0" author="Sonenshine, D. E. & Clifford, C. M. & Kohls, G. M." box="[533,816,1302,1327]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="92 - 122" refId="ref67026" refString="Sonenshine, D. E., Clifford, C. M. & Kohls, G. M. (1966) The systematics of the subfamily Ornithodorinae (Acarina: Argasidae). III. Identification of the larvae of the Eastern Hemisphere. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 59, 92 - 122. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 59.1.92" type="journal article" year="1966">
|
|
Sonenshine
|
|
<emphasis id="B900EAC0FFD5FFFA1CF4D86EFD78FAF0" box="[671,722,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. (1966)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Some information on the adults is available in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B23FFD5FFFA1B32D86FFF4EFA8C" author="Kohls, G. M." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="65 - 94" refId="ref53187" refString="Kohls, G. M. (1957) Malaysian parasites. XVIII. Ticks (Ixodoidea) of Borneo and Malaya. Studies from the Institute for Medical Research, Federation of Malaya, 28, 65 - 94." type="journal article" year="1957">Kohls (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |