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<mods:title id="2C556AC46076192CE22D5E83AEB8F32E">Corymorpha tropica, a new species of anthoathecate hydrozoan (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Southeast Asia</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1DFFD9D2C0FAB45DECAC1E" ID-CoL="2ebe6433-dae4-443e-95c4-19591db9dcf9" authority="Galea, 2023" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,397,1374,1401]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica" status="sp. nov.">
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, 
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<figureCitation id="130939C01D1DFFD9D2C0FA695C9AACFA" box="[151,251,1411,1437]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStart-7="FIGURE 8" captionStart-8="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="4.[152,255,1929,1953]" captionStartId-1="5.[152,255,1718,1742]" captionStartId-2="7.[152,255,1682,1706]" captionStartId-3="8.[152,255,1856,1880]" captionStartId-4="10.[152,255,1189,1213]" captionStartId-5="11.[152,255,1532,1556]" captionStartId-6="12.[152,255,1837,1861]" captionStartId-7="13.[152,255,1652,1676]" captionStartId-8="14.[152,255,1507,1531]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,345,1905]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,561,1694]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,525,1658]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,849,1833]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1435,181,1165]" captionTargetBox-5="[151,1435,525,1509]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1435,849,1813]" captionTargetBox-7="[151,1414,181,1628]" captionTargetBox-8="[151,1435,198,1482]" captionTargetId-0="figure-100@4.[151,1435,345,1905]" captionTargetId-1="figure-163@5.[151,1435,561,1694]" captionTargetId-2="figure-171@7.[151,1435,525,1658]" captionTargetId-3="figure-332@8.[151,1435,849,1833]" captionTargetId-4="figure-25@10.[151,1435,181,1165]" captionTargetId-5="figure-159@11.[151,1435,525,1509]" captionTargetId-6="figure-332@12.[151,1435,849,1813]" captionTargetId-7="figure-15@13.[151,1435,181,1628]" captionTargetId-8="figure-25@14.[151,1435,198,1482]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionTargetPageId-6="12" captionTargetPageId-7="13" captionTargetPageId-8="14" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. in situ, to show color variation in life; note the red, circular band at the hydranth base (C) and the newly-released medusa (D) (arrowheads). Photo credit: J. Johnson (A, B), D. Johnson (C, F) and A. Jakoblich (D, E)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Additional in situ photographs of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. Note depigmented specimen (A), coloration of the hydranth (B, D), and profusion of medusa buds on the blastostyles (C, D). Photo credit: A. Jakoblich (A, C), D. Johnson (B), J. Johnson (D)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Close-ups of the living gonophores of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. Note colors of the medusa buds in life (C, D). Photo credit: A. Jakoblich (A, B), D. Johnson (C), R. Ang (D)." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Fixed specimens of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A. Proximal tip of the caulus, showing rooting filaments (arrows). B. Basal papillae, from proximally digitiform to distally patch-like. C. Proximal part of the caulus showing longitudinal endodermal canals with lateral diverticuli ending in papillae; arrows point to the perisarc sheath. D. Junction (arrowhead) between the proximal, perisarc sheath-covered, papillary portion of the caulus, and the distal, naked, non-papillary part; arrows point to the perisarc sheath. Scale bar: A–D = 1 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Fixed specimens of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A. Cross section through the non-papillated part of caulus, to show endodermal canals (arrowheads). B. Upper part of caulus; note branched endodermal canals and distinct constriction at junction with the hydranth. C. Hydranth with gonophores. D. Longitudinal section through a hydranth, to show upper, hollow, digestive cavity, and lower, solid, non-digestive part, both separated by a transverse septum.Scale bar:A = 500 µm; B–D = 1 mm." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Fixed specimens of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A. Distal part of a hydranth, showing the oral bunch of tentacles. B. Longitudinal section through the oral region, showing the dome-shaped hypostome and the internal folds at tentacle origins. C. Fully-fertile polyp, showing numerous blastostyles arising a short distance above the aboral whorl of tentacles. D. A blastostyle, highly magnified, showing clusters of medusa buds. Scale bars: B = 500 µm; A, C, D = 1 mm." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Fixed specimens of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A, B. Newly-released medusae, observed with either a stereomicroscope in a petri dish (A) or a compound microscope, slightly squashed between slide and coverslip (B); note the adaxial position of the intermediate nematocyst clusters of the main tentacle. C. Apical view of umbrella, to show interradial pigmentary spots at the insertion of manubrium. D. Exumbrella with scattered nematocysts. E. Lateral view of the umbrella apex, showing the small, round-shaped apical projection, the insertion of the manubrium and its associated pigmentary spots, as well as the proximal parts of two radial canals. Scale bars: C–E = 100 µm; A, B = 300 µm." captionText-7="FIGURE 8. Fixed specimens of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A. Cross section through the middle part of the manubrium. B. A medusa seen from below, to show the velum. C. An atentaculate marginal bulb. D. Dissected main tentacle, to show its capitations. E. The apical knob of nematocysts, showing clustered capsules. F. Intermediate nematocyst knob, showing clustered capsules restricted to one (adaxial) side. Scale bars: E, F = 50 µm; A, C, D = 100 µm; B = 200 µm." captionText-8="FIGURE 9. Cnidome of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A–F. Polyp stage: unidentified capsules (A, C), desmoneme (B), stenoteles of S1 (D), S3 (E) and S4 (F) types. G–N. Medusa stage: spherical capsules from the exumbrella (G), unidentified capsules (H, J), desmoneme (I), stenoteles of four types, S1 (K), S2 (L), S3 (M), S4 (N). For details on the cnidome composition, see Table 1. Scale bar: A–N = 10 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732011" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732015" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732017" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732019" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732021" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732023" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732025" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732027" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732029" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7732011/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7732015/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7732017/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7732019/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7732021/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7732023/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7732025/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/7732027/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/7732029/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">Figs 1–9</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="C6B010FE1D1DFFD9D351FA695D1EACFA" box="[262,383,1411,1437]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="3.[151,239,151,175]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,239,332,356]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Cnidome composition of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov., in µm." captionText-1="TABLE 2.Affinities and differences between the cnidomes of the medusae of Corymorpha tropica sp. nov. and C. bigelowi (Maas, 1905), in µm. Some indeterminate types of nematocysts belonging to the former were tentatively compared to their potential counterparts in the latter, notably on the account of their general shape." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D75CD1D15FFD1D2C0FEA65848A8CB" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" tableUuid-0="DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7" tableUuid-1="DF4D75CD1D15FFD1D2C0FEA65848A8CB">Tables 1–2</tableCitation>
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<emphasis id="B946F9571D1DFFD9D2C0FA2D5DE5ACB8" box="[151,388,1479,1503]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">Corymorpha tomoensis</emphasis>
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— 
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1DFFD9D3C9FA225E0AACB8" author="Vervoort, W." box="[414,619,1479,1503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" pagination="759 - 776" refId="ref12034" refString="Vervoort, W. (2009) Corymorpha tomoensis Ikeda, 1910 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa); first record of a corymorphid hydropolyp from Indonesian waters and a review of the species of Corymorpha M. Sars, 1835. Zoologische Meddedelingen, Leiden, 83 (21), 759 - 776." type="journal article" year="2009">Vervoort, 2009: 760</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 1–2 (non 
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<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1DFFD9D154FA2D58C5ACB8" ID-CoL="e048f6a9-cc8c-4396-8b24-86a1dbe31502" authority="Ikeda, 1910: 153" authorityName="Ikeda" authorityPageNumber="153" authorityYear="1910" box="[771,1188,1479,1503]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tomoensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1DFFD9D154FA2D5F91ACB8" box="[771,1008,1479,1503]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">Corymorpha tomoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1DFFD9D1A0FA2D58C5ACB8" author="Ikeda, I." box="[1015,1188,1479,1503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda, 1910: 153</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 5).
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. 
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: MSNMCoe357, 
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, 
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, dive site known as “Ghost Bay”, -8.332965°, 115.643044°, 
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, a 
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high, fertile polyp and numerous newly-released medusae
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. 
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<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1DFFD9D749F9DB59F4AF2C" box="[1310,1429,1585,1611]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: MSNMCoe358, same location data as the 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1DFFD9D008F9BF5EA2AF08" box="[607,707,1621,1647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1DFFD9D09BF9BF5F41AF17" box="[716,800,1621,1648]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="m" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">
<elevation id="001FC2761D1DFFD9D09BF9BF5F41AF17" box="[716,800,1621,1648]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="m" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5–15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF8C03851D1DFFD9D17DF9BF5FD0AF08" box="[810,945,1621,1647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" value="2022-10-04">
<collectingDate id="EFC8FA6D1D1DFFD9D17DF9BF5FD0AF08" box="[810,945,1621,1647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" value="2022-10-04">04 Oct 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, a fertile polyp, 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1DFFD9D60AF9BF58F3AF17" box="[1117,1170,1621,1648]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
high.—MSNMCoe359, same location data as for the 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1DFFD9D3B7F9935E25AFF4" box="[480,580,1657,1683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1DFFD9D007F9935ED7AFF3" box="[592,694,1657,1684]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">
<elevation id="001FC2761D1DFFD9D007F9935ED7AFF3" box="[592,694,1657,1684]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF8C03851D1DFFD9D095F9935F31AFF4" box="[706,848,1657,1683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" value="2022-10-07">
<collectingDate id="EFC8FA6D1D1DFFD9D095F9935F31AFF4" box="[706,848,1657,1683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" value="2022-10-07">07 Oct 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, a 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1DFFD9D127F9905FEBAFF4" box="[880,906,1658,1683]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">ca</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1DFFD9D1CEF9935FB0AFF3" box="[921,977,1657,1684]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
high, fertile polyp and numerous newlyreleased medusae.—MSNMCoe360, same location data as for the 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1DFFD9D120F9775FBAAFD0" box="[887,987,1693,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1DFFD9D1B1F977582BAFDF" box="[998,1098,1693,1720]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">
<elevation id="001FC2761D1DFFD9D1B1F977582BAFDF" box="[998,1098,1693,1720]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF8C03851D1DFFD9D602F9775880AFD0" box="[1109,1249,1693,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" value="2022-10-07">
<collectingDate id="EFC8FA6D1D1DFFD9D602F9775880AFD0" box="[1109,1249,1693,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" value="2022-10-07">07 Oct 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, a 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1DFFD9D6A8F9745978AFD0" box="[1279,1305,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">ca</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1DFFD9D770F977593CAFDF" box="[1319,1373,1693,1720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
high, fertile polyp and several newly-released medusae
</materialsCitation>
. 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1DFFD9D082F92B5FA1AFBC" bold="true" box="[725,960,1729,1755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">Additional material</emphasis>
: 
<materialsCitation id="3B5A2F181D1DFFD9D186F92B58F8AE44" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4055247303" collectingDate="2020-01-30" country="Indonesia" elevation="20" location="Tulamben" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bali">
MHNG-INVE-0137170, 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D1DFFD9D6BCF92B593BAFBC" box="[1259,1370,1729,1755]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49F6EBA71D1DFFD9D730F92B59F9AFBC" box="[1383,1432,1729,1755]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">Bali</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8EED739E1D1DFFD9D2C0F90F5D68AF98" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B94531D1DFFD3D2C0FAB45DB2A892:8EED739E1D1DFFD9D2C0F90F5D68AF98" box="[151,265,1765,1791]" country="Indonesia" name="Tulamben" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" stateProvince="Bali">Tulamben</location>
, dive site known as “Melasti”, -8.291824°, 115.609316°, 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1DFFD9D1D6F90F5FDAAE67" box="[897,955,1765,1792]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="m" value="20.0">
<elevation id="001FC2761D1DFFD9D1D6F90F5FDAAE67" box="[897,955,1765,1792]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF8C03851D1DFFD9D192F90F582DAF98" box="[965,1100,1765,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" value="2020-01-30">
<collectingDate id="EFC8FA6D1D1DFFD9D192F90F582DAF98" box="[965,1100,1765,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" value="2020-01-30">30 Jan 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
, a colony composed of several large polyps to 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1DFFD9D315F8E35DEFAE43" box="[322,398,1801,1828]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
high, as well as many smaller offspring, and newly-released medusae
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32876CE1D1DFFD9D290F8C7594CAE20" box="[199,1325,1837,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1DFFD9D290F8C7594CAE20" blockId="1.[151,1437,1549,2008]" box="[199,1325,1837,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1DFFD9D290F8C75D29AE20" bold="true" box="[199,328,1837,1863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">Etymology</emphasis>
. From the Latin 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1DFFD9D052F8C45E00AE2F" box="[517,609,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">trŏpĭcus</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1DFFD9D038F8C45EE7AE20" box="[623,646,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">-a</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1DFFD9D0C3F8C45EA1AE20" box="[660,704,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">-um</emphasis>
, meaning tropical, to designate its ecological affinities.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32876CE1D1DFFDAD290F8BB5FCCAEBA" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="453" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1DFFDAD290F8BB5E48AC56" blockId="1.[151,1437,1549,2008]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="453" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1DFFD9D290F8BB5D30AE0C" bold="true" box="[199,337,1873,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="452">Description</emphasis>
. Polyps occurring exclusively on sandy bottoms; either solitary or forming small colonies composed of a few, large individuals surrounded basally by many smaller offspring; up to 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1DFFD9D6F9F89F5886AEF7" box="[1198,1255,1909,1936]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
high in studied material; composed of a large hydranth atop a long hydrocaulus. The latter almost isodiametric throughout when the polyp is fully extended, up to 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1DFFD9D04EF8575E11AEBF" box="[537,624,1981,2008]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
wide, distinctly divided into two parts of roughly comparable length: a proximal, perisarc-covered one, and a distal, naked one; tip of proximal part conical, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1EFFDAD63CFF7D58E4A9D7" box="[1131,1157,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">ca</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1EFFDAD6C1FF7D58B8A9D6" box="[1174,1241,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="453" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, giving rise laterally to numerous, long (
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1EFFDAD384FF515D8CA9B3" box="[467,493,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">ca</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1EFFDAD3ADFF505E5EA9B2" box="[506,575,186,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="453" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
), slender, almost transparent, adhering filaments anchoring the polyp in sand; above, surface with a varied number of digitiform, pendulous papillae, rapidly decreasing in length up the stem and there appearing as mere, ovoid blotches; papillae originating at the ends of short, lateral diverticuli, arranged either alternately or in opposite pairs along up to a dozen peripheral, straight, longitudinal canals traversing the caulus from one end to the other; perisarc thin, transparent, not adhering to the coenosarc, ending abruptly at junction between the proximal and distal parts of caulus; distal part, immediately above junction, with a noticeable concentration of nematocysts (large, spherical capsules, as in the medusa, and 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1EFFDAD11AFE795F1CA8CA" box="[845,893,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">type</typeStatus>
S 
<superScript id="7C47880D1D1EFFDAD1C3FE785FFDA8C7" attach="left" box="[916,924,402,416]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">2</superScript>
stenoteles; see below); longitudinal canals in this part of the caulus devoid of diverticuli, but occasionally branched, the branches sometimes fusing again a short distance further up; core of caulus filled with large, polygonal, parenchyme cells, leaving but a central, narrow lumen; very distal end of caulus with a distinct constriction at junction with the base of the hydranth. The latter flask-shaped, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1EFFDAD363FDC95D2FAB5B" box="[308,334,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">ca</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1EFFDAD309FDC85DDCAB5A" box="[350,445,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="453" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
long and 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1EFFDAD066FDC85EE9AB5A" box="[561,648,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="453" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
wide basally; divided internally by a transverse septum into a lower, shallow, non-digestive part, filled with parenchyme cells, and a much taller, upper, hollow, digestive part; a whorl of 23–38 aboral tentacles at the base of the polyp, and 28–44 oral tentacles surrounding distally the hypostome; aboral tentacles arranged in a single whorl, arching gracefully outwards, up to 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1EFFDAD677FD655838ABCE" box="[1056,1113,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="453" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
long, solid (core filled with parenchyme cells), laterally flattened, gradually tapering distally, with clusters of nematocysts smoothly spread on both the upper and lower surfaces, but not laterally (pseudofiliform 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1EFFDAD1C1FD3D5FAAAB96" box="[918,971,727,753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">type</typeStatus>
); oral tentacles tightly bunched, arranged in 4 decussate whorls, slightly arching outwards, up to 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1EFFDAD14DFD115F3FAA72" box="[794,862,763,789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="453" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long, solid, with very elongated bases, becoming circular in cross section above, surface rough, vaguely transversely “annulated”, due to the presence of almost circular clusters of nematocysts, although not forming distinct capitations; hypostome dome-shaped, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1EFFDAD6A0FCA95970AA3B" box="[1271,1297,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">ca</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1EFFDAD749FCA9593FAA3A" box="[1310,1374,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="453" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long. Up to 16 blastostyles arise in a whorl a short distance above the aboral tentacles; tubular, 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1EFFDAD629FC8C58BAAAE6" box="[1150,1243,870,897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="453" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
long in a relaxed state; main axis giving rise irregularly along its length to 6–7 short, lateral branches bearing at their distal ends dense clusters of medusa buds at various stages of development. Most developed buds, as well as newly-released medusae, bell-shaped, higher than wide (765–945 µm 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1EFFDAD0ABFC395F72AA8B" box="[764,787,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">vs</emphasis>
. 630–720 µm), umbrella circular in cross section, margin slightly oblique in lateral view, exumbrella smooth-walled, surface with scattered, small, spherical nematocysts; a moderately-developed, dome-shaped, apical process traversed by a short apical canal; mesoglea thin; manubrium club-shaped (630–765 µm long, 190–200 µm wide), not exceeding the height of subumbrella, lumen cross-shaped in transverse section, mouth equally cross-shaped, provided with small stenoteles (
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1EFFDAD642FB895826AD1A" box="[1045,1095,1123,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">type</typeStatus>
S 
<superScript id="7C47880D1D1EFFDAD609FB885807AD17" attach="left" box="[1118,1126,1122,1136]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">4</superScript>
; see below); 4 radial canals ending distally in a circular canal; 3 short (200–225 µm), conical, tentacle bulbs, and a single, well-developed (630– 720 µm long), hollow tentacle provided with 1–2 hemispherical (90–125 µm wide), adaxially-placed nematocysts clusters, as well as a much larger, globular (160–180 µm wide), distal cluster (tentacle of semimoniliform 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1EFFDAD70CFB2559F1AD8E" box="[1371,1424,1231,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">type</typeStatus>
); velum closing the subumbrella as a stretched diaphragm; there are no sense organs; no gonads were produced around the manubrium at this stage.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1EFFDAD290FAD15F42AE2A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">Color of living specimens: polyp—lower (perisarc-covered) part of the caulus variously-colored, from (rarely) almost translucent (allowing to see by transparency a white, granular matter inside the endodermal canals), to (commonly) light brown-colored, to orange (in the two latter cases, the endodermal canals are mostly obscured by the general dark tinge of the coenosarc); papillae white; upper (naked) part of the caulus of varied colors, from translucent with occasional brick-red spots or irregular, longitudinal bands (endodermal canals, seen by transparency, white), to entirely brick-red (longitudinal canals mostly obscured); hydranth base with a distinctlydemarcated to diffuse, more or less wide, brick-red, circular band; upper body part of varied colors, from nearly white to intense brick-red or orange; adaxial side of aboral tentacles intense brick-red, color fading away abruptly on the lateral sides, to become almost white on their abaxial side; outer surface of oral tentacles from brick-red to transparent, cores white; in some rare, depigmented individuals, all tentacles and the hydranth body are translucent. Medusa—mesoglea transparent; radial and circular canals with white pigment granules; there are four interradial brick-red spots at the insertion of the otherwise entirely translucent-white manubrium; the generally contracted mouth is discernible as a white cross; bases of all tentacles translucent-white; tips of atentaculate bulbs brick-red; main tentacle with an intense white, endodermal core; intermediate clusters of nematocysts translucent-white; distal cluster translucent on surface, but having a brick-red core.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1EFFDAD290F8BD5FCCAEBA" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">
Cnidome: its composition is summarized in 
<tableCitation id="C6B010FE1D1EFFDAD0FCF8BD5E9CAE16" box="[683,765,1879,1905]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Cnidome composition of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov., in µm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7" pageId="2" pageNumber="453" tableUuid="DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7">Table 1</tableCitation>
and illustrated in 
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1EFFDAD197F8BD5862AE16" box="[960,1027,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[152,255,1507,1531]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,198,1482]" captionTargetId="figure-25@14.[151,1435,198,1482]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Cnidome of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A–F. Polyp stage: unidentified capsules (A, C), desmoneme (B), stenoteles of S1 (D), S3 (E) and S4 (F) types. G–N. Medusa stage: spherical capsules from the exumbrella (G), unidentified capsules (H, J), desmoneme (I), stenoteles of four types, S1 (K), S2 (L), S3 (M), S4 (N). For details on the cnidome composition, see Table 1. Scale bar: A–N = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732029/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
. There are 4 size classes of stenoteles (designated here as S 
<superScript id="7C47880D1D1EFFDAD328F8905DE6AEEF" attach="left" box="[383,391,1914,1928]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">1</superScript>
, S 
<superScript id="7C47880D1D1EFFDAD3F4F8905DCAAEEF" attach="left" box="[419,427,1914,1928]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">2</superScript>
, S 
<superScript id="7C47880D1D1EFFDAD390F8905DAEAEEF" attach="left" box="[455,463,1914,1928]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">3</superScript>
and S 
<superScript id="7C47880D1D1EFFDAD045F8905E7BAEEF" attach="left" box="[530,538,1914,1928]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">4</superScript>
); 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1EFFDAD066F8915E00AEF2" box="[561,609,1915,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">type</typeStatus>
S 
<superScript id="7C47880D1D1EFFDAD021F8905E1FAEEF" attach="left" box="[630,638,1914,1928]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">2</superScript>
does not occur in the polyp stage. Except for some discharged stenoteles and desmonemes, all the remaining capsules were seen undischarged, and their assignation to a given 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1EFFDAD759F875595FAEDE" box="[1294,1342,1951,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="453">type</typeStatus>
was not attempted until new, reliable observations on living material are made.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7" ID-Table-UUID="DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7" box="[151,946,151,176]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" startId="3.[151,239,151,175]" targetBox="[151,1420,192,1040]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7" blockId="3.[151,946,151,176]" box="[151,946,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5D62A9C8" bold="true" box="[151,259,151,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">TABLE 1</emphasis>
. Cnidome composition of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD076FF7D5E9DA9C8" authority="Galea, 2023" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[545,764,151,175]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD076FF7D5E9DA9C8" box="[545,764,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Corymorpha tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD15EFF725F3EA9D7" bold="true" box="[777,863,152,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275442C1D1FFFDBD15EFF725F3EA9D7" box="[777,863,152,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1FFFDBD322FF2A59E5AD77" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<table id="F932D7E51D1F0027D2C0FF2A59EDAD77" box="[151,1420,192,1040]" gridcols="5" gridrows="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FF2A59EDA9BF" box="[151,1420,192,216]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FF2A5E1FA9BF" box="[373,638,192,216]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Large, spherical capsules</th>
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FF2A5FEDA9BF" box="[663,908,192,216]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Elliptical capsules</th>
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FF2A581EA9BF" box="[919,1151,192,216]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Desmonemes</th>
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFF2A59EDA9BF" box="[1165,1420,192,216]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Small, spherical capsules</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FF0D59EDA998" box="[151,1420,231,255]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FF0D59EDA998" box="[151,1420,231,255]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD2F1FF0D5D75A998" bold="true" box="[166,276,231,255]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">MEDUSA</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FEFA59EDA84F" box="[151,1420,272,296]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FEFA5D2AA84F" box="[151,331,272,296]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Main tentacle</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FEFA5E1FA84F" box="[373,638,272,296]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">11.6–14.7</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FEFA5FEDA84F" box="[663,908,272,296]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(6.5–8.6) × (3.2–3.8)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FEFA581EA84F" box="[919,1151,272,296]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(7.2–7.7) × (5.1–5.8)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFEFA59EDA84F" box="[1165,1420,272,296]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FED259EDA813" box="[151,1420,312,372]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FED25D2AA813" box="[151,331,312,372]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Rudimentary tentacles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FED25E1FA813" box="[373,638,312,372]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">12.0–14.0</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FED25FEDA813" box="[663,908,312,372]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(6.5–8.6) × (3.2–3.8)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FED2581EA813" box="[919,1151,312,372]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFED259EDA813" box="[1165,1420,312,372]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FE6F59EDA8FA" box="[151,1420,389,413]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FE6F5D2AA8FA" box="[151,331,389,413]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Exumbrella</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FE6F5E1FA8FA" box="[373,638,389,413]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FE6F5FEDA8FA" box="[663,908,389,413]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FE6F581EA8FA" box="[919,1151,389,413]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFE6F59EDA8FA" box="[1165,1420,389,413]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">6.0–6.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FE4759EDA8A2" box="[151,1420,429,453]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FE475D2AA8A2" box="[151,331,429,453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Mouth</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FE475E1FA8A2" box="[373,638,429,453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FE475FEDA8A2" box="[663,908,429,453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FE47581EA8A2" box="[919,1151,429,453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFE4759EDA8A2" box="[1165,1420,429,453]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FE3F59EDA88A" box="[151,1420,469,493]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FE3F59EDA88A" box="[151,1420,469,493]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD2F1FE3F5C9BA88A" bold="true" box="[166,250,469,493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">POLYP</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FE1759EDAB71" box="[151,1420,509,534]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FE175D2AAB71" box="[151,331,509,534]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Aboral tentacles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FE175E1FAB71" box="[373,638,509,534]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">9.9–10.6</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FE175FEDAB71" box="[663,908,509,534]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(9.6–12.0) × (3.9–4.3)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FE17581EAB71" box="[919,1151,509,534]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(6.5–7.2) × (4.3–4.6)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFE1759EDAB71" box="[1165,1420,509,534]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FDCC59EDAB59" box="[151,1420,550,574]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FDCC5D2AAB59" box="[151,331,550,574]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Oral tentacles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FDCC5E1FAB59" box="[373,638,550,574]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">10.3–10.6</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FDCC5FEDAB59" box="[663,908,550,574]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(9.9–10.8) × (4.3–4.5)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FDCC581EAB59" box="[919,1151,550,574]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(6.5–6.8) × (4.5–4.8)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFDCC59EDAB59" box="[1165,1420,550,574]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FD8059EDABE5" box="[151,1420,618,642]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FD805D2AABE5" box="[151,331,618,642]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Continued.</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FD7B59EDABCD" box="[151,1420,657,682]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FD7B5E1FABCD" box="[373,638,657,682]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Type S1 stenoteles</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FD7B5FEDABCD" box="[663,908,657,682]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Type S2 stenoteles</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FD7B581EABCD" box="[919,1151,657,682]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Type S3 stenoteles</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFD7B59EDABCD" box="[1165,1420,657,682]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Type S4 stenoteles</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FD5359EDABB6" box="[151,1420,697,721]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FD5359EDABB6" box="[151,1420,697,721]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD2F1FD535D75ABB6" bold="true" box="[166,276,697,721]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">MEDUSA</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FD0859EDAB9C" box="[151,1420,738,763]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FD085D2AAB9C" box="[151,331,738,763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Main tentacle</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FD085E1FAB9C" box="[373,638,738,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FD085FEDAB9C" box="[663,908,738,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(11.3–11.6) × (9.6–9.9)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FD0859EDAB9C" box="[919,1420,738,763]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(9.6–10.3) × (7.9–8.2) —</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FCE159EDAA20" box="[151,1420,779,839]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FCE15D2AAA20" box="[151,331,779,839]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Rudimentary tentacles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FCE15E1FAA20" box="[373,638,779,839]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(14.0–14.7) × (12.5–13.3)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FCE15FEDAA20" box="[663,908,779,839]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(11.3–11.6) × (9.6–9.9)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FCE159EDAA20" box="[919,1420,779,839]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(9.6–10.3) × (7.9–8.2) —</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FCBD59EDAA08" box="[151,1420,855,879]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FCBD5D2AAA08" box="[151,331,855,879]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Exumbrella</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FCBD5E1FAA08" box="[373,638,855,879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FCBD5FEDAA08" box="[663,908,855,879]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FCBD581EAA08" box="[919,1151,855,879]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFCBD59EDAA08" box="[1165,1420,855,879]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FC9559EDAAF0" box="[151,1420,895,919]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FC955D2AAAF0" box="[151,331,895,919]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Mouth</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FC955E1FAAF0" box="[373,638,895,919]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FC955FEDAAF0" box="[663,908,895,919]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FC95581EAAF0" box="[919,1151,895,919]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFC9559EDAAF0" box="[1165,1420,895,919]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(5.3–5.6) × (4.3–4.6)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FC4D59EDAAD8" box="[151,1420,935,959]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FC4D59EDAAD8" box="[151,1420,935,959]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD2F1FC4D5C9BAAD8" bold="true" box="[166,250,935,959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">POLYP</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FC3A59EDAA8F" box="[151,1420,976,1000]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FC3A5D2AAA8F" box="[151,331,976,1000]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Aboral tentacles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FC3A5E1FAA8F" box="[373,638,976,1000]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(13.0–14.0) × (11.3–12.0)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FC3A5FEDAA8F" box="[663,908,976,1000]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FC3A581EAA8F" box="[919,1151,976,1000]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(8.9–9.2) × (6.8–7.2)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFC3A59EDAA8F" box="[1165,1420,976,1000]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D1F0027D2C0FC1259EDAD77" box="[151,1420,1016,1040]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<th id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D2C0FC125D2AAD77" box="[151,331,1016,1040]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Oral tentacles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D322FC125E1FAD77" box="[373,638,1016,1040]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(13.7–14.0) × (11.6–12.0)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D0C0FC125FEDAD77" box="[663,908,1016,1040]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D1C0FC12581EAD77" box="[919,1151,1016,1040]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(8.2–8.6) × (6.2–6.5)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D1F0027D6DAFC1259EDAD77" box="[1165,1420,1016,1040]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">(6.3–6.5) × (4.6–4.8)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C32876CE1D1FFFD3D290FBD05898A99E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1FFFDBD290FBD058B1AC4A" blockId="3.[151,1437,1082,1829]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD290FBD05D55AD33" bold="true" box="[199,308,1082,1108]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Remarks</emphasis>
. Many small offspring have been observed around the bases of some large polyps (
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD6B6FBD15971AD33" box="[1249,1296,1083,1108]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">e.g.,</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1FFFDBD74FFBD0590DAD33" box="[1304,1388,1082,1108]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1929,1953]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,345,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-100@4.[151,1435,345,1905]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. in situ, to show color variation in life; note the red, circular band at the hydranth base (C) and the newly-released medusa (D) (arrowheads). Photo credit: J. Johnson (A, B), D. Johnson (C, F) and A. Jakoblich (D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
and MHNG-INVE-0137170), but their relationships were not studied in detail. A similar situation is known to occur in other congeners, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD30FFB695DE6ADFB" box="[344,391,1155,1180]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">e.g.,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD3D9FB695EC3ADFA" authority="M. Sars, 1835" authorityName="M. Sars" authorityYear="1835" box="[398,674,1154,1181]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutans">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD3D9FB695D9BADFB" box="[398,506,1155,1181]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. nutans</emphasis>
M. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD07FFB685EC3ADFA" author="Sars, M." box="[552,674,1154,1181]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refId="ref11425" refString="Sars, M. (1835) Beskrivelser og jagttagelser over nogle maerkelige eller nye i havet ved den Bergenske kyst levende dyr af polypernes, acalephernes, radiaternes, annelidernes og molluskernes classer, med en kort oversigt over de hidtil af forfatteren sammesteds fundne arter og deres forekommen. Thorstein Hallager, Bergen, 81 pp." type="book" year="1835">Sars, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD0FAFB695F80ADFB" authority="Watson, 2008" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2008" box="[685,993,1154,1181]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rubicincta">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD0FAFB695F20ADFB" box="[685,833,1154,1181]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. rubicincta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD11FFB695F80ADFB" author="Watson, J. E." box="[840,993,1154,1181]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="185 - 188" refId="ref12424" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Corymorpha rubicinta, a new hydroid (Hydrozoa, Athoathecata, Corymorphydae) from Port Phillip, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 185 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2008.65.11" type="journal article" year="2008">Watson, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(original account), 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD6E8FB695CAEADA7" authority="Ikeda, 1910" authorityName="Ikeda" authorityYear="1910" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tomoensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD6E8FB695931ADFB" box="[1215,1360,1155,1181]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. tomoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD700FB685CAEADA7" author="Ikeda, I." pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(original account). In the former, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD012FB4D5F54ADA6" author="Rees, W. J." box="[581,821,1190,1217]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="455 - 534" refId="ref11385" refString="Rees, W. J. (1957) Evolutionary trends in the classification of capitate hydroids and medusae. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Zoology, 4 (9), 455 - 534." type="journal article" year="1957">Rees (1957: 485–486</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 35) was able to demonstrate that this was the result of frustulation from the tips of the anchoring filaments. Conversely, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD1C1FB215815AD83" author="Watson, J. E." box="[918,1140,1226,1253]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="185 - 188" refId="ref12424" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Corymorpha rubicinta, a new hydroid (Hydrozoa, Athoathecata, Corymorphydae) from Port Phillip, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 185 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2008.65.11" type="journal article" year="2008">Watson (2008: 188)</bibRefCitation>
speculated that “fertilized ova may drop from the [fixed] gonophore [of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD0F6FB055F54AC6F" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2008" box="[673,821,1262,1289]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rubicincta">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD0F6FB055F54AC6F" box="[673,821,1262,1289]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. rubicincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] directly to the substrate to commence growth as new hydrocauli”, but this seems unlikely, considering the more plausible observations made by Rees.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1FFFDBD290FADD5F40ACDB" blockId="3.[151,1437,1082,1829]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
I have no doubts that the Indonesian material assigned by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD103FADD5820AC37" author="Vervoort, W." box="[852,1089,1334,1361]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="759 - 776" refId="ref12034" refString="Vervoort, W. (2009) Corymorpha tomoensis Ikeda, 1910 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa); first record of a corymorphid hydropolyp from Indonesian waters and a review of the species of Corymorpha M. Sars, 1835. Zoologische Meddedelingen, Leiden, 83 (21), 759 - 776." type="journal article" year="2009">Vervoort (2009: 760)</bibRefCitation>
to 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD632FADC59E4AC37" authority="Ikeda, 1910" authorityName="Ikeda" authorityYear="1910" box="[1125,1413,1334,1360]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tomoensis">
C. 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD6D1FADD5897AC37" box="[1158,1270,1335,1360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">tomoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD6AAFADC59E4AC37" author="Ikeda, I." box="[1277,1413,1334,1360]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, a species only known from 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D1FFFDBD3E3FAB15D96AC12" box="[436,503,1371,1397]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Japan</collectingCountry>
, is conspecific with the present species. It has the same appearance as the specimens collected and studied by myself, and the distinctive boundary between the proximal and distal parts of the caulus is still visible in the preserved specimen shown in his 
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1FFFDBD08EFA485F7AACDB" box="[729,795,1442,1468]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1929,1953]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,345,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-100@4.[151,1435,345,1905]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. in situ, to show color variation in life; note the red, circular band at the hydranth base (C) and the newly-released medusa (D) (arrowheads). Photo credit: J. Johnson (A, B), D. Johnson (C, F) and A. Jakoblich (D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1FFFDBD290FA2C5811AFBA" blockId="3.[151,1437,1082,1829]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
Medusae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD302FA2D5DA9AC87" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[341,456,1479,1505]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD302FA2D5DA9AC87" box="[341,456,1479,1505]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were abundantly produced, and easily and massively liberated in a short interval (not exceeding an hour) between the sampling of fertile polyps and their fixation. They have a main tentacle provided distally with a large, spherical nematocyst knob, as well as with 1–2 additional, smaller, intermediate clusters along its adaxial side. Since no gonads were developed around the manubrium at this stage, it is assumed that the medusa is relatively long-lived and undergoes further development, with its main tentacle expected to add more intermediate nematocyst clusters as it lengthens, and the 3 others possibly being able to develop further, as well (some medusae have longer bulbs compared to others). Nevertheless, the presence of two adaxial, intermediate knobs on the main tentacle is an essential feature that helps distinguish the new species from its congeners.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1FFFDBD290F90C589FAE43" blockId="3.[151,1437,1082,1829]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
Indeed, most of them are exclusively known through their planktonic stage (a complete set of characters is tabulated in 
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1FFFDBD377F8E05DC3AE43" box="[288,418,1802,1828]" captionStart="APPENDIX 1" captionStartId="19.[151,289,724,748]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="APPENDIX 1. Main distinguishing characters of Corymorpha spp. with respect to the new species. The most salient features are highlighted in italics. P stands for polyp, M for medusa, and G for gonophore." pageId="3" pageNumber="454">Appendix 1</figureCitation>
). The following species could be confidently excluded on different grounds:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1FFFDBD2C0F8A75F8DAE90" blockId="3.[151,1436,1869,2039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">
1) their medusae have a main tentacle with abaxially-placed nematocyst clusters— 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD60DF8A759F9AE00" authority="(Kramp, 1962)" baseAuthorityName="Kramp" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[1114,1432,1869,1895]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="abaxialis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD60DF8A75885AE00" box="[1114,1252,1869,1895]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. abaxialis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD6A3F8A759F1AE00" author="Kramp, P. L." box="[1268,1424,1869,1895]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="305 - 366" refId="ref10867" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1962) Medusae of Vietnam. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Dansk Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhavn, 124, 305 - 366." type="journal article" year="1962">Kramp, 1962</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD291F89B5EE2AEEC" authority="(Xu &amp; Huang, 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Xu &amp; Huang" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[198,643,1905,1931]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="apiciloculifera">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD291F89B5DECAEEC" box="[198,397,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. apiciloculifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD3CBF89B5E1AAEEC" author="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q." box="[412,635,1905,1931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="136 - 144" refId="ref12089" refString="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. (2003) On new species and records of Euphysora in Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidomedusae, Anthomedusae, Capitata, Corymorphidae). Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 22 (2), 136 - 144." type="journal article" year="2003">Xu &amp; Huang, 2003</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD0C7F89B5F9DAEEC" authority="(Huang, 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[656,1020,1905,1931]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brunnescentis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD0C7F89B5F2FAEEC" box="[656,846,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. brunnescentis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD10AF89B5F95AEEC" author="Huang, J. Q." box="[861,1012,1905,1931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="435 - 441" refId="ref10428" refString="Huang, J. Q. (1999) Three new species of genus Euphysora from China seas (Hydrozoa: Anthomedusae, Corymorphidae). Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 18 (3), 435 - 441." type="journal article" year="1999">Huang, 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD65FF89B5917AEEC" authority="(Bouillon, 1978 b)" baseAuthorityName="Bouillon" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[1032,1398,1905,1931]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD65FF89B58C3AEEC" box="[1032,1186,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. gemmifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD6E5F89B590FAEEC" author="Bouillon, J." box="[1202,1390,1905,1931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="249 - 297" refId="ref9411" refString="Bouillon, J. (1978 b) Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie, Nouvelle Guinee). Partie I: Anthomedusae Capitata (Hydrozoa-Cnidaria) (1). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 19, 249 - 297." type="journal article" year="1978">Bouillon, 1978b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD7D4F89B5E4FAEC8" authority="(Xu &amp; Huang, 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Xu &amp; Huang" baseAuthorityYear="2003" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="interogona">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD7D4F89B5D21AEC8" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. interogona</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD31AF87F5E47AEC8" author="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q." box="[333,550,1941,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="136 - 144" refId="ref12089" refString="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. (2003) On new species and records of Euphysora in Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidomedusae, Anthomedusae, Capitata, Corymorphidae). Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 22 (2), 136 - 144." type="journal article" year="2003">Xu &amp; Huang, 2003</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD06EF87F5F2BAEC8" authority="(Huang, 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[569,842,1941,1967]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="knides">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD06EF87F5EC1AEC8" box="[569,672,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. knides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD0F9F87F5F22AEC8" author="Huang, J. Q." box="[686,835,1941,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="435 - 441" refId="ref10428" refString="Huang, J. Q. (1999) Three new species of genus Euphysora from China seas (Hydrozoa: Anthomedusae, Corymorphidae). Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 18 (3), 435 - 441." type="journal article" year="1999">Huang, 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD102F87F5895AEC8" authority="(Xu &amp; Huang, 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Xu &amp; Huang" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[853,1268,1941,1967]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macrobulbus">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD102F87F5867AEC8" box="[853,1030,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. macrobulbus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD644F87F588DAEC8" author="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q." box="[1043,1260,1941,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="136 - 144" refId="ref12089" refString="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. (2003) On new species and records of Euphysora in Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidomedusae, Anthomedusae, Capitata, Corymorphidae). Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 22 (2), 136 - 144." type="journal article" year="2003">Xu &amp; Huang, 2003</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD6A8F87F5D8EAEB4" authority="(Xu, Huang &amp; Guo, 2014)" baseAuthorityName="Xu, Huang &amp; Guo" baseAuthorityYear="2014" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="multiknoba">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD6A8F87F59FDAEC8" box="[1279,1436,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. multiknoba</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD299F8535D86AEB4" author="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. &amp; Lin, M. &amp; Guo, D. H. &amp; Wang, C. G." box="[206,487,1977,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refId="ref12204" refString="Xu, Z. Z., Huang, J. Q., Lin, M., Guo, D. H. &amp; Wang, C. G. (2014). The superclass Hydrozoa of the Phylum Cnidaria in China. Vol. 2. China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp. 495 - 945." type="book" year="2014">Xu, Huang &amp; Guo, 2014</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD3ADF8535FA5AEB4" authority="(Xu, Huang &amp; Guo, 2014)" baseAuthorityName="Xu, Huang &amp; Guo" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[506,964,1977,2003]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pileiformis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD3ADF8535EF5AEB4" box="[506,660,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. pileiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD0F4F8535FDDAEB4" author="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. &amp; Lin, M. &amp; Guo, D. H. &amp; Wang, C. G." box="[675,956,1977,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" refId="ref12204" refString="Xu, Z. Z., Huang, J. Q., Lin, M., Guo, D. H. &amp; Wang, C. G. (2014). The superclass Hydrozoa of the Phylum Cnidaria in China. Vol. 2. China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp. 495 - 945." type="book" year="2014">Xu, Huang &amp; Guo, 2014</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD198F8535916AEB4" authority="(Bouillon, 1978 b)" baseAuthorityName="Bouillon" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[975,1399,1977,2003]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pseudoabaxialis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD198F85358C7AEB4" box="[975,1190,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. pseudoabaxialis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD6E3F853590EAEB4" author="Bouillon, J." box="[1204,1391,1977,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="249 - 297" refId="ref9411" refString="Bouillon, J. (1978 b) Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie, Nouvelle Guinee). Partie I: Anthomedusae Capitata (Hydrozoa-Cnidaria) (1). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 19, 249 - 297." type="journal article" year="1978">Bouillon, 1978b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD7D4F8535E2CAE90" authority="(Xu, Huang &amp; Guo, 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Xu, Huang &amp; Guo" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="vacuola">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD7D4F8535D7EAE90" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. vacuola</emphasis>
(Xu, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD308F8375E27AE90" author="Huang, J. Q. &amp; Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Lin, M. &amp; Guo, D. H. &amp; Wang, C. G. &amp; Xue, W. L." box="[351,582,2013,2039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="520 - 524" refId="ref10467" refString="Huang, J. Q., Xu, Z. Z., Lin, M., Guo, D. H., Wang, C. G. &amp; Xue, W. L. (2012) One new genus, two new species and one new record of Corymorphidae from the South China Sea (Anthomedusae, Capitata). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 37 (3), 520 - 524." type="journal article" year="2012">Huang &amp; Guo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1FFFDBD0D4F8375F86AE90" authority="(Bouillon, 1978 b)" baseAuthorityName="Bouillon" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[643,999,2013,2039]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1FFFDBD0D4F8375F75AE90" box="[643,788,2013,2039]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="454">C. verrucosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1FFFDBD174F8375FBEAE90" author="Bouillon, J." box="[803,991,2013,2039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="454" pagination="249 - 297" refId="ref9411" refString="Bouillon, J. (1978 b) Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie, Nouvelle Guinee). Partie I: Anthomedusae Capitata (Hydrozoa-Cnidaria) (1). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 19, 249 - 297." type="journal article" year="1978">Bouillon, 1978b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D18FFDCD2C0FF7D5E23A826" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
2) their medusae have a main tentacle of moniliform 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D18FFDCD0B8FF7D5F7EA9D6" box="[751,799,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">type</typeStatus>
— 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD16CFF7D580AA9D6" authority="(Kramp, 1928)" baseAuthorityName="Kramp" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[827,1131,151,177]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD16CFF7D5FDFA9D6" box="[827,958,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. annulata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD19CFF7D5802A9D6" author="Kramp, P. L." box="[971,1123,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" pagination="27 - 64" refId="ref10650" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1928) Hydromedusae. I. Anthomedusae. In: Papers from Dr. Mortensesn's Pacific Expeditions 1914 - 1916. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Dansk Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhavn, 85, 27 - 64." type="journal article" year="1928">Kramp, 1928</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD622FF7D5D02A9B2" authority="(Xu, Huang &amp; Guo, 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Xu, Huang &amp; Guo" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bitungensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD622FF7D5975A9D6" box="[1141,1300,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. bitungensis</emphasis>
(Xu, Huang &amp; Guo, 2013)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD33AFF515F44A9B2" authority="Schuchert &amp; Collins, 2021" authorityName="Schuchert &amp; Collins" authorityYear="2021" box="[365,805,187,213]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="floridana">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD33AFF515D95A9B2" box="[365,500,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. floridana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD3ADFF515F44A9B2" author="Schuchert, P. &amp; Collins, R." box="[506,805,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" pagination="237 - 356" refId="ref11642" refString="Schuchert, P. &amp; Collins, R. (2021) Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 128 (2), 237 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.35929 / RSZ. 0049" type="journal article" year="2021">Schuchert &amp; Collins, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD178FF5158D7A9B2" authority="(Xu &amp; Huang, 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Xu &amp; Huang" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[815,1206,187,213]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fujianensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD178FF515FA6A9B2" box="[815,967,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. fujianensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD182FF5158CFA9B2" author="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q." box="[981,1198,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" pagination="233 - 249" refId="ref12149" refString="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. (2006) On new genus, species and record of Laingiomedusae and Anthomedusae in Fujian coast (Cnidaria, Hydroidomedusae). Journal of the Xiamen University (Natural Sciences), 45 (2), 233 - 249." type="journal article" year="2006">Xu &amp; Huang, 2006</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD697FF515D68A99E" authority="(Brooks, 1883)" baseAuthorityName="Brooks" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD697FF515957A9B2" box="[1216,1334,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. gracilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD714FF515D60A99E" author="Brooks, W. K." pageId="4" pageNumber="455" pagination="465 - 475" refId="ref9519" refString="Brooks, W. K. (1883) Notes on the medusae of Beaufort, N. C. Part II. Studies from the Biological Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, 2, 465 - 475." type="journal article" year="1883">Brooks, 1883</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD34FFF355F08A99E" authority="(Gershwin, Zeidler &amp; Davie, 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Gershwin, Zeidler &amp; Davie" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[280,873,223,249]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="juliephillipsi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD34FFF355DA8A99E" box="[280,457,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. juliephillipsi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD38EFF355F01A99E" author="Gershwin, L. A. &amp; Zeidler, W. &amp; Davie, P. J. F." box="[473,864,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" pagination="47 - 108" refId="ref10190" refString="Gershwin, L. A., Zeidler, W. &amp; Davie, P. J. F. (2010) Medusae (Cnidaria) of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. In: Davie, P. J. F. &amp; Philips, J. A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Thirteen International Marine Biological Workshop, The Marine Fauna and Flora of Moreton Bay, Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 54 (3), pp. 47 - 108." type="journal article" year="2010">Gershwin, Zeidler &amp; Davie, 2010</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD121FF355805A99E" authority="Alder, 1857" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1857" box="[886,1124,222,249]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD121FF355FB0A99F" box="[886,977,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. nana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD18DFF355805A99E" author="Alder, J." box="[986,1124,222,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" pagination="93 - 162" refId="ref9175" refString="Alder, J. (1857) A catalogue of the zoophytes of Northumberland and Durham. Transactions of the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Class, 3 (2), 93 - 162." type="journal article" year="1857">Alder, 1857</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD625FF355D02A87A" authority="(Huang, Xu &amp; Lin, 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Huang, Xu &amp; Lin" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanhaiesis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD625FF35596CA99E" box="[1138,1293,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. nanhaiesis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD749FF355D3BA87A" author="Huang, J. Q. &amp; Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Lin, M. &amp; Guo, D. H. &amp; Wang, C. G. &amp; Xue, W. L." pageId="4" pageNumber="455" pagination="520 - 524" refId="ref10467" refString="Huang, J. Q., Xu, Z. Z., Lin, M., Guo, D. H., Wang, C. G. &amp; Xue, W. L. (2012) One new genus, two new species and one new record of Corymorphidae from the South China Sea (Anthomedusae, Capitata). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 37 (3), 520 - 524." type="journal article" year="2012">Huang, Xu &amp; Lin, 2012</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD326FEE95EF0A87A" authority="M. Sars, 1835" authorityName="M. Sars" authorityYear="1835" box="[369,657,258,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutans">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD326FEE95D81A87B" box="[369,480,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. nutans</emphasis>
M. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD042FEE95EF0A87A" author="Sars, M." box="[533,657,258,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" refId="ref11425" refString="Sars, M. (1835) Beskrivelser og jagttagelser over nogle maerkelige eller nye i havet ved den Bergenske kyst levende dyr af polypernes, acalephernes, radiaternes, annelidernes og molluskernes classer, med en kort oversigt over de hidtil af forfatteren sammesteds fundne arter og deres forekommen. Thorstein Hallager, Bergen, 81 pp." type="book" year="1835">Sars, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD0F7FEE95F81A87A" authority="(Hamond, 1974)" baseAuthorityName="Hamond" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[672,992,259,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="russelli">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD0F7FEE95F77A87A" box="[672,790,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. russelli</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD17EFEE95FB9A87A" author="Hamond, R." box="[809,984,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" pagination="549 - 561" refId="ref10284" refString="Hamond, R. (1974) Some medusae and other hydrozoa from the Indian Ocean and the Bass Strait. Journal of Natural History, 8, 549 - 561. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937400770471" type="journal article" year="1974">Hamond, 1974</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD1B8FEE95924A87A" authority="(Huang, 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Huang" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[1007,1349,259,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="solidonema">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD1B8FEE958F5A87A" box="[1007,1172,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. solidonema</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD6F1FEE9595CA87A" author="Huang, J. Q." box="[1190,1341,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" pagination="435 - 441" refId="ref10428" refString="Huang, J. Q. (1999) Three new species of genus Euphysora from China seas (Hydrozoa: Anthomedusae, Corymorphidae). Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 18 (3), 435 - 441." type="journal article" year="1999">Huang, 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD7D4FEE95E5FA826" authority="(Xu &amp; Huang, 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Xu &amp; Huang" baseAuthorityYear="2003" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="taiwanensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD7D4FEE95D2BA827" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">C. taiwanensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D18FFDCD30EFECD5E57A826" author="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q." box="[345,566,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" pagination="136 - 144" refId="ref12089" refString="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. (2003) On new species and records of Euphysora in Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidomedusae, Anthomedusae, Capitata, Corymorphidae). Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 22 (2), 136 - 144." type="journal article" year="2003">Xu &amp; Huang, 2003</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D75CD1D18FFDCD2CFF8635CBCAE8D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732011" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7732011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732011/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" startId="4.[152,255,1929,1953]" targetBox="[151,1435,345,1905]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D18FFDCD2CFF8635CBCAE8D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1929,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD2CFF8635D7BAEC6" bold="true" box="[152,282,1929,1953]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D18FFDCD376F8635D92AEC6" authority="Galea, 2023" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[289,499,1929,1953]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD376F8635D92AEC6" box="[289,499,1929,1953]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">Corymorpha tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD056F8605E32AEC5" bold="true" box="[513,595,1930,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275442C1D18FFDCD056F8605E32AEC5" box="[513,595,1930,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="455" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B946F9571D18FFDCD00CF8605EFAAEC6" box="[603,667,1930,1953]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="455">in situ</emphasis>
, to show color variation in life; note the red, circular band at the hydranth base (C) and the newly-released medusa (D) (arrowheads). Photo credit: J. Johnson (A, B), D. Johnson (C, F) and A. Jakoblich (D, E).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D19FFDDD2C0FF7D5D6FA826" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
3) their medusae have a variously-shaped main tentacle that has neither ab- or adaxially-placed nematocysts clusters, nor a moniliform arrangement— 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD0CAFF515976A9B2" authority="(Vargas-Hernandez &amp; Ochoa-Figueroa, 1991)" baseAuthorityName="Vargas-Hernandez &amp; Ochoa-Figueroa" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[669,1303,187,213]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cargoi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD0CAFF515F69A9B3" box="[669,776,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. cargoi</emphasis>
(Vargas-Hernández &amp; Ochoa-Figueroa, 1991)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD772FF515D08A99E" authority="(Mayer, 1894)" baseAuthorityName="Mayer" baseAuthorityYear="1894" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="forbesii">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD772FF5159FCA9B2" box="[1317,1437,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. forbesii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD299FF355D00A99E" author="Mayer, A. G." box="[206,353,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="235 - 242" refId="ref11157" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1894) An account of some Medusae obtained in the Bahamas. In: Cruise of the steam Yacht &quot; Wild Duck &quot; in the Bahamas, January to April, 1893, in charge of Alexander Agassiz. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 25, 235 - 242." type="journal article" year="1894">Mayer, 1894</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD323FF355EF2A99E" authority="(Kramp, 1948)" baseAuthorityName="Kramp" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[372,659,223,249]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="furcata">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD323FF355D85A99E" box="[372,484,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. furcata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD3A4FF355EEDA99E" author="Kramp, P. L." box="[499,652,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref10694" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1948) Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae from the &quot; Michael Sars &quot; North Atlantic Deep-sea Expedition 1910, with additions on Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, and Scyphomedusae. Report on the Scientific Results of the &quot; Michael Sars &quot; North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910, 5 (9), 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1948">Kramp, 1948</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD0C8FF355FB1A99E" authority="(Kramp, 1957)" baseAuthorityName="Kramp" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[671,976,222,249]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gigantea">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD0C8FF355F40A99F" box="[671,801,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. gigantea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD167FF355FA8A99E" author="Kramp, P. L." box="[816,969,222,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref10754" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1957) Hydromedusae from the Discovery collections. &quot; Discovery &quot; Reports, 29, 1 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 12484" type="journal article" year="1957">Kramp, 1957</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD18BFF3559F9A99E" authority="(Huang, Xu &amp; Guo, 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Huang, Xu &amp; Guo" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[988,1432,223,249]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="intergona">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD18BFF355809A99F" box="[988,1128,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. intergona</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD620FF3559F1A99E" author="Huang, J. Q. &amp; Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Lin, M. &amp; Guo, D. H. &amp; Wang, C. G. &amp; Xue, W. L." box="[1143,1424,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="520 - 524" refId="ref10467" refString="Huang, J. Q., Xu, Z. Z., Lin, M., Guo, D. H., Wang, C. G. &amp; Xue, W. L. (2012) One new genus, two new species and one new record of Corymorphidae from the South China Sea (Anthomedusae, Capitata). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 37 (3), 520 - 524." type="journal article" year="2012">Huang, Xu &amp; Guo, 2012</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD291FEE95E62A87A" authority="(Browne, 1916)" baseAuthorityName="Browne" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[198,515,259,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="normani">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD291FEE95D27A87B" box="[198,326,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. normani</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD301FEE95D9AA87A" author="Browne, E. T." box="[342,507,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="169 - 209" refId="ref9558" refString="Browne, E. T. (1916) Medusae from the Indian Ocean (Collected by Prof. Stanley Gardiner, in H. M. S. &quot; Sealark &quot; in 1905). Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 17, 169 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1916. tb 00594. x" type="journal article" year="1916">Browne, 1916</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD058FEE95F4AA87A" authority="(Kramp, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Kramp" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[527,811,258,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD058FEE95E1BA87A" box="[527,634,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. similis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD0DEFEE95F42A87A" author="Kramp, P. L." box="[649,803,258,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="1 - 283" refId="ref10794" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1959) The hydromedusae of the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent waters. Dana Report, 46, 1 - 283." type="journal article" year="1959">Kramp, 1959</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD16FFEE95831A87A" authority="(Uchida, 1927)" authorityName="Kramp" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Uchida" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[824,1104,259,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="typica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD16FFEE95FFCA87B" box="[824,925,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. typica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD1FAFEE95826A87A" author="Uchida, T." box="[941,1095,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="145 - 241" refId="ref11917" refString="Uchida, T. (1927) Studies on Japanese hydromedusae. I. Anthomedusae. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, Section IV, Zoology, 1, 145 - 241." type="journal article" year="1927">Uchida, 1927</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD6DFFEE95D68A826" authority="(Vanhoffen, 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Vanhoffen" baseAuthorityYear="1911" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="valdiviae">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD6DFFEE95971A87A" box="[1160,1296,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. valdiviae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD748FEE95D60A826" author="Vanhoffen, E." pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="193 - 233" refId="ref11956" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1911) Die Anthomedusen und Leptomedusen der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition 1898 - 1899. Deutsche TiefseeExpedition 1898 - 1899, 19 (5), 193 - 233." type="journal article" year="1911">Vanhöffen, 1911</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D19FFDDD2C0FEA1596CA802" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,537]" box="[151,1293,330,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
4) all medusa tentacles are alike, with no differentiated main tentacle— 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD190FEA15969A802" authority="Steenstrup, 1855" authorityName="Steenstrup" authorityYear="1855" box="[967,1288,330,357]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="januarii">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD190FEA15823A803" box="[967,1090,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. januarii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD61EFEA15969A802" author="Steenstrup, J. J. S." box="[1097,1288,330,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="46 - 48" refId="ref11729" refString="Steenstrup, J. J. S. (1855) En ny og tropisk Art af Smaageplernes Ammeslaegt: Corymorpha Sars (Corym. Januarii Stp.). Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Dansk Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhavn, 1 - 3, 46 - 48." type="journal article" year="1855">Steenstrup, 1855</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D19FFDDD2C0FE845F29A892" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
5) there are no free-living medusae, but fixed gonophores of various 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D19FFDDD1E0FE855F90A8EE" box="[951,1009,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">types</typeStatus>
— 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD659FE855917A8EE" authority="(Yamada, 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Yamada" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1038,1398,367,393]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="anthoformis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD659FE8558D6A8EE" box="[1038,1207,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. anthoformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD690FE85590FA8EE" author="Yamada, M. &amp; Konno, K. &amp; Kubota, S." box="[1223,1390,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="151 - 154" refId="ref12266" refString="Yamada, M., Konno, K. &amp; Kubota, S. (1977) On a new athecate hydroid, Fukaurahydra anthoformis n. gen. n. sp., from northern Japan. Proceedings of the Japanese Academy of Sciences, 53 (3), 151 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.2183 / pjab 1945.53.151" type="journal article" year="1977">Yamada, 1977</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD7D4FE855DAEA8CA" authority="M. Sars, 1860" authorityName="M. Sars" authorityYear="1860" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD7D4FE855D47A8CA" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. glacialis</emphasis>
M. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD302FE795DAEA8CA" author="Sars, M." box="[341,463,403,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="341 - 351" refId="ref11484" refString="Sars, M. (1860) Uber das Ammengeschlecht Corymorpha und seine Arten nebst den von diesen aufgeammten Medusen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 26 (1), 341 - 351. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13017" type="journal article" year="1860">Sars, 1860</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD38DFE795F27A8CA" authority="(Allman, 1876)" baseAuthorityName="Allman" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[474,838,403,429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="groenlandica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD38DFE795EEEA8CA" box="[474,655,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. groenlandica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD0C9FE795F5FA8CA" author="Allman G. J." box="[670,830,403,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="251 - 284" refId="ref9269" refString="Allman G. J. (1876) Diagnoses of new genera and species of Hydroida. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, 12, 251 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1876. tb 00682. x" type="journal article" year="1876">Allman, 1876</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD105FE795948A8CA" authority="(Hickson &amp; Gravely, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Hickson &amp; Gravely" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[850,1321,403,429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="microrhiza">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD105FE795F8DA8CA" box="[850,1004,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. microrhiza</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD1ACFE795943A8CA" author="Hickson, S. J. &amp; Gravely, F. H." box="[1019,1314,403,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref10355" refString="Hickson, S. J. &amp; Gravely, F. H. (1907) Hydroid zoophytes. National Antarctic Expedition, 1901 - 1904, Natural History, 3, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1907">Hickson &amp; Gravely, 1907</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD762FE795D36A8B6" authority="Torrey, 1902" authorityName="Torrey" authorityYear="1902" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="palma">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD762FE7959FDA8CA" box="[1333,1436,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. palma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD291FE5D5D36A8B6" author="Torrey, H. B." box="[198,343,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref11840" refString="Torrey, H. B. (1902) The Hydroida of the Pacific coast of North America. University of California Publications in Zoology, 1 (1), 1 - 104." type="journal article" year="1902">Torrey, 1902</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD336FE5D5F71A8B6" authority="(Hickson &amp; Gravely, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Hickson &amp; Gravely" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[353,784,439,465]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="parvula">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD336FE5D5DB9A8B6" box="[353,472,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. parvula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD3B2FE5D5F68A8B6" author="Hickson, S. J. &amp; Gravely, F. H." box="[485,777,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref10355" refString="Hickson, S. J. &amp; Gravely, F. H. (1907) Hydroid zoophytes. National Antarctic Expedition, 1901 - 1904, Natural History, 3, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1907">Hickson &amp; Gravely, 1907</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD14CFE5D5838A8B6" authority="L. Agassiz, 1862" authorityName="L. Agassiz" authorityYear="1862" box="[795,1113,439,465]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pendula">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD14CFE5D5FF4A8B6" box="[795,917,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. pendula</emphasis>
L. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD1EFFE5D5838A8B6" author="Agassiz, L." box="[952,1113,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" refId="ref9137" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. Second monograph. Vol. 4. Little, Brown &amp; Co., Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">Agassiz, 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD634FE5D59F9A8B6" authority="Watson, 2008" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2008" box="[1123,1432,439,465]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rubicincta">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD634FE5D5897A8B6" box="[1123,1270,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. rubicincta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD6AAFE5D59F9A8B6" author="Watson, J. E." box="[1277,1432,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="185 - 188" refId="ref12424" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Corymorpha rubicinta, a new hydroid (Hydrozoa, Athoathecata, Corymorphydae) from Port Phillip, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 185 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2008.65.11" type="journal article" year="2008">Watson, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD291FE315D89A892" authority="Steenstrup, 1855" authorityName="Steenstrup" authorityYear="1855" box="[198,488,474,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sarsii">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD291FE315D44A893" box="[198,293,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. sarsii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD37BFE315D89A892" author="Steenstrup, J. J. S." box="[300,488,474,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="46 - 48" refId="ref11729" refString="Steenstrup, J. J. S. (1855) En ny og tropisk Art af Smaageplernes Ammeslaegt: Corymorpha Sars (Corym. Januarii Stp.). Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Dansk Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhavn, 1 - 3, 46 - 48." type="journal article" year="1855">Steenstrup, 1855</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD049FE315F22A892" authority="(Fraser, 1941)" baseAuthorityName="Fraser" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[542,835,475,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uvularis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD049FE315EFAA892" box="[542,667,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. uvularis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD0FEFE315F5BA892" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[681,826,475,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="77 - 89" refId="ref10107" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1941) New species of hydroids, mostly from the Atlantic Ocean, in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 91, 77 - 89. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.91 - 3125.77" type="journal article" year="1941">Fraser, 1941</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D19FFDDD2C0FE155FFFAB7E" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,537]" box="[151,926,511,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
6) their ecology is peculiar for the genus— 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD0DEFE155FFBAB7E" authority="Stechow, 1932" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1932" box="[649,922,511,537]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="balssi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD0DEFE155E8AAB7E" box="[649,747,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. balssi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD0A5FE155FFBAB7E" author="Stechow, E." box="[754,922,511,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref11690" refString="Stechow, E. (1932) Neue Hydroiden aus dem Mittelmeer und dem Pazifischen Ozean, nebst Bemerkungen uber einige wenig bekannte Formen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 100 (3 - 4), 81 - 92." type="journal article" year="1932">Stechow, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D75CD1D19FFDDD2CFF95C5D7BAE71" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732015" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7732015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732015/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" startId="5.[152,255,1718,1742]" targetBox="[151,1435,561,1694]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D19FFDDD2CFF95C5D7BAE71" blockId="5.[151,1436,1718,1814]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD2CFF95C5D79AFA9" bold="true" box="[152,280,1718,1742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Additional 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD3D9F95D5DACAFA9" box="[398,461,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">in situ</emphasis>
photographs of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD027F95C5F5EAFA9" authority="Galea, 2023" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[624,831,1718,1742]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD027F95C5F5EAFA9" box="[624,831,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Corymorpha tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD11BF95C5FFAAFA9" bold="true" box="[844,923,1718,1742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275442C1D19FFDDD11BF95C5FFAAFA9" box="[844,923,1718,1742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Note depigmented specimen (A), coloration of the hydranth (B, D), and profusion of medusa buds on the blastostyles (C, D). Photo credit: A. Jakoblich (A, C), D. Johnson (B), J. Johnson (D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D19FFDDD2C0F8AE5D9FAEE5" blockId="5.[151,1437,1860,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
Another congener, 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD33EF8AE5EC2AE39" authority="Hargitt, 1924" authorityName="Hargitt" authorityYear="1924" box="[361,675,1860,1886]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="symmetrica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD33EF8AE5E68AE39" box="[361,521,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. symmetrica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD059F8AE5EC2AE39" author="Hargitt, C. W." box="[526,675,1860,1886]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="467 - 507" refId="ref10326" refString="Hargitt, C. W. (1924) Hydroids of the Philippine Islands. Philippine Journal of Science, 24 (4), 467 - 507." type="journal article" year="1924">Hargitt, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, is also rejected because it is thought to belong to the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD77CF8AE5D51AEE5" authority="Watson, 1980" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1980" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ralpharia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD77CF8AE59FCAE39" box="[1323,1437,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Ralpharia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D19FFDDD2C0F8835D51AEE5" author="Watson, J. E." box="[151,304,1896,1923]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" pagination="53 - 63" refId="ref12361" refString="Watson, J. E. (1980) The identity of two tubularian hydroids from Australia with a description and observations on the reproduction of Ralpharia magnifica gen. et sp. nov. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 41, 53 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1980.41.04" type="journal article" year="1980">Watson, 1980</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see 
<figureCitation id="130939C01D19FFDDD33DF8825D8DAEE5" box="[362,492,1896,1922]" captionStart="APPENDIX 1" captionStartId="19.[151,289,724,748]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="APPENDIX 1. Main distinguishing characters of Corymorpha spp. with respect to the new species. The most salient features are highlighted in italics. P stands for polyp, M for medusa, and G for gonophore." pageId="5" pageNumber="456">Appendix 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D19FFDDD290F866595EAEAD" blockId="5.[151,1437,1860,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">
Besides the nominal species listed above, there are four congeners whose medusae possess adaxially-placed nematocyst clusters, similarly to 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D19FFDDD05EF85A5E18AEAD" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[521,633,1968,1994]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="456" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D19FFDDD05EF85A5E18AEAD" box="[521,633,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="456">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but there are several characters allowing a specific separation:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1AFFDED2C0FF7D5DD0ACFA" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
1) 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED291FF7D5D86A9D6" authority="(Maas, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Maas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[198,487,150,177]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bigelowi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED291FF7D5D28A9D6" box="[198,329,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. bigelowi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED30DFF7D5DBEA9D6" author="Maas, O." box="[346,479,150,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref11055" refString="Maas, O. (1905) Die craspedoten Medusen der Siboga-Expedition. Siboga-Expeditie, 10, 1 - 84." type="journal article" year="1905">Maas, 1905</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
—one might justifiably wonder whether this morphologically-similar medusa (
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1AFFDED738FF7D5C85A9B2" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="15.[152,255,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[151,1435,181,1213]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 10. Live specimen of Corymorpha bigelowi Maas, 1905 (ca. 5 mm high) from the Brunswick River mouth, New South Wales, Australia. A, B. Two views of a medusa. C. Detail showing the granulation of the radial canals. D. Close-up of the tentacles, showing their coloration. E. Capitate tentacle, greatly enlarged, showing its coiled posture. Photo credit: D. Riek." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732031" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732031/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
), mainly known from the Indo-Malayan region (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED14AFF515FD2A9B2" author="Kramp, P. L." box="[797,947,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref10896" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1968) The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Sections II and III. Dana Report, 72, 1 - 200." type="journal article" year="1968">Kramp 1968</bibRefCitation>
), could be the mature growth form of the newly-released medusae produced by the present hydroid. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED126FF35583BA99E" author="Petersen, K. W." box="[881,1114,222,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="101 - 231" refId="ref11280" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1990) Evolutional taxonomy in capitate hydroids and medusae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 100 (2), 101 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1990. tb 01862. x" type="journal article" year="1990">Petersen (1990: 150</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 17A) provided a good illustration of a 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED323FEE95D92A87A" baseAuthorityName="Maas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[372,499,259,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bigelowi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED323FEE95D92A87A" box="[372,499,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. bigelowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
medusa from Laing Island belonging to Bouillon’s collection, and it perfectly agrees to the established concept of this species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED0F7FECD5F40A826" author="Maas, O." box="[672,801,294,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref11055" refString="Maas, O. (1905) Die craspedoten Medusen der Siboga-Expedition. Siboga-Expeditie, 10, 1 - 84." type="journal article" year="1905">Maas 1905</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED17BFECD5F06A826" author="Maas, O." box="[812,871,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="81 - 108" refId="ref11076" refString="Maas, O. (1906) Meduses d'Amboine. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 14 (1), 81 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 75183" type="journal article" year="1906">1906</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED124FECD584BA826" author="Vanhoffen, E." box="[883,1066,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref12332" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1913) Die Craspedoten Medusen des &quot; Vettor Pisani &quot;. Zoologica, Stuttgart, 26 (67), 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1913">Vanhöffen 1913</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED660FECD58A6A826" author="Kramp, P. L." box="[1079,1223,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="27 - 64" refId="ref10650" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1928) Hydromedusae. I. Anthomedusae. In: Papers from Dr. Mortensesn's Pacific Expeditions 1914 - 1916. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Dansk Naturhistoriske Forening i KjObenhavn, 85, 27 - 64." type="journal article" year="1928">Kramp 1928</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED684FECD596EA826" author="Kramp, P. L." box="[1235,1295,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 469" refId="ref10822" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1961) Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 40, 1 - 469. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400007347" type="journal article" year="1961">1961</bibRefCitation>
). It could be reasonably assumed that 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED3B4FEA15E82A802" author="Bouillon, J." box="[483,739,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="249 - 297" refId="ref9411" refString="Bouillon, J. (1978 b) Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie, Nouvelle Guinee). Partie I: Anthomedusae Capitata (Hydrozoa-Cnidaria) (1). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 19, 249 - 297." type="journal article" year="1978">Bouillon (1978b: 262)</bibRefCitation>
, based on similar specimens from the same locality, gave the correct cnidome composition for the medusa of this species. One of the most salient differences with 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED77BFE8559FDA8EF" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[1324,1436,367,393]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED77BFE8559FDA8EF" box="[1324,1436,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
relies in the absence of scattered nematocysts on the exumbrella, while they are unmistakable in the new species. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED291FE5D5DE8A8B6" author="Bouillon, J." box="[198,393,439,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="249 - 297" refId="ref9411" refString="Bouillon, J. (1978 b) Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie, Nouvelle Guinee). Partie I: Anthomedusae Capitata (Hydrozoa-Cnidaria) (1). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 19, 249 - 297." type="journal article" year="1978">Bouillon (1978b)</bibRefCitation>
, supplementing an earlier report (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED157FE5D5FD2A8B6" author="Bouillon, J." box="[768,947,439,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="117 - 173" refId="ref9380" refString="Bouillon, J. (1978 a) Hydromeduses de L'Archipel des Sechelles et du Mozambique. Revue de Zoologie Africaine, 92 (1), 117 - 173." type="journal article" year="1978">Bouillon 1978a</bibRefCitation>
), did not mention exumbrellar nematocysts, while their presence was noted in two other congeners (
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED113FE315F02A893" box="[836,867,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">viz</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED124FE31586CA892" baseAuthorityName="Bouillon" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[883,1037,475,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED124FE31586CA892" box="[883,1037,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. gemmifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED610FE31597EA892" baseAuthorityName="Bouillon" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[1095,1311,475,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pseudoabaxialis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED610FE31597EA892" box="[1095,1311,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. pseudoabaxialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) described in the same work. Consequently, it is deduced that no such capsules are present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED62AFE155961AB7E" baseAuthorityName="Maas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1149,1280,511,537]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bigelowi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED62AFE155961AB7E" box="[1149,1280,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. bigelowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<superScript id="7C47880D1D1AFFDED757FE145975AB6B" attach="left" box="[1280,1300,510,525]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">1,2</superScript>
. Additional distinguishing features are summarized in 
<tableCitation id="C6B010FE1D1AFFDED0E7FDC95F69AB5A" box="[688,776,547,573]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,239,332,356]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2.Affinities and differences between the cnidomes of the medusae of Corymorpha tropica sp. nov. and C. bigelowi (Maas, 1905), in µm. Some indeterminate types of nematocysts belonging to the former were tentatively compared to their potential counterparts in the latter, notably on the account of their general shape." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D75CD1D15FFD1D2C0FEA65848A8CB" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" tableUuid="DF4D75CD1D15FFD1D2C0FEA65848A8CB">Table 2</tableCitation>
. In brief, unlike in my material, only two size classes of stenoteles are mentioned by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED05AFDAD5EB0AB06" author="Bouillon, J." box="[525,721,583,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="249 - 297" refId="ref9411" refString="Bouillon, J. (1978 b) Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie, Nouvelle Guinee). Partie I: Anthomedusae Capitata (Hydrozoa-Cnidaria) (1). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 19, 249 - 297." type="journal article" year="1978">Bouillon (1978b)</bibRefCitation>
in 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED0AEFDAD5F1DAB06" baseAuthorityName="Maas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[761,892,583,609]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bigelowi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED0AEFDAD5F1DAB06" box="[761,892,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. bigelowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: large [probably corresponding to 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1AFFDED75BFDAD595DAB06" box="[1292,1340,583,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">type</typeStatus>
S 
<superScript id="7C47880D1D1AFFDED702FDAC593CAB33" attach="left" box="[1365,1373,582,596]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">1</superScript>
dealt with herein (
<tableCitation id="C6B010FE1D1AFFDED301FD815DCCABE2" box="[342,429,619,645]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Cnidome composition of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov., in µm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" tableUuid="DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7">Table 1</tableCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1AFFDED3EBFD815E77ABE2" box="[444,534,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[152,255,1507,1531]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,198,1482]" captionTargetId="figure-25@14.[151,1435,198,1482]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Cnidome of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A–F. Polyp stage: unidentified capsules (A, C), desmoneme (B), stenoteles of S1 (D), S3 (E) and S4 (F) types. G–N. Medusa stage: spherical capsules from the exumbrella (G), unidentified capsules (H, J), desmoneme (I), stenoteles of four types, S1 (K), S2 (L), S3 (M), S4 (N). For details on the cnidome composition, see Table 1. Scale bar: A–N = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732029/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 9K</figureCitation>
)] and small [probably corresponding to 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1AFFDED1B6FD815870ABE2" box="[993,1041,619,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">type</typeStatus>
S 
<superScript id="7C47880D1D1AFFDED67DFD805853AB1F" attach="left" box="[1066,1074,618,632]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">3</superScript>
dealt with herein (
<tableCitation id="C6B010FE1D1AFFDED75DFD815901ABE2" box="[1290,1376,619,645]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Cnidome composition of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov., in µm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" tableUuid="DF4D75CD1D1FFFDBD2C0FF7D5FD3A9D7">Table 1</tableCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1AFFDED727FD815C93ABCE" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[152,255,1507,1531]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,198,1482]" captionTargetId="figure-25@14.[151,1435,198,1482]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Cnidome of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A–F. Polyp stage: unidentified capsules (A, C), desmoneme (B), stenoteles of S1 (D), S3 (E) and S4 (F) types. G–N. Medusa stage: spherical capsules from the exumbrella (G), unidentified capsules (H, J), desmoneme (I), stenoteles of four types, S1 (K), S2 (L), S3 (M), S4 (N). For details on the cnidome composition, see Table 1. Scale bar: A–N = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732029/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 9M</figureCitation>
)]; the former is absent from the main tentacles of my medusae. His desmonemes agree in size with those present in my medusae, but they are said to occur in both the capitate and non-capitate tentacles, while they are only present in the main tentacle of my medusae. His spherical basitrichous capsules, reportedly similar to those met with in 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED318FD115DA7AA72" baseAuthorityName="Mayer" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[335,454,763,789]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="forbesii">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED318FD115DA7AA72" box="[335,454,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. forbesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(and illustrated in his fig. 8-3), are possibly of the same 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1AFFDED61DFD11581BAA72" box="[1098,1146,763,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">type</typeStatus>
as the large, spherical, as yet unidentified nematocysts occurring in my material (
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1AFFDED16AFCF55FF9AA5E" box="[829,920,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[152,255,1507,1531]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,198,1482]" captionTargetId="figure-25@14.[151,1435,198,1482]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Cnidome of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A–F. Polyp stage: unidentified capsules (A, C), desmoneme (B), stenoteles of S1 (D), S3 (E) and S4 (F) types. G–N. Medusa stage: spherical capsules from the exumbrella (G), unidentified capsules (H, J), desmoneme (I), stenoteles of four types, S1 (K), S2 (L), S3 (M), S4 (N). For details on the cnidome composition, see Table 1. Scale bar: A–N = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732029/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 9H</figureCitation>
), although they are comparatively larger. The heterotrichous microbasic euryteles occurring in all tentacles of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED1CCFCA9587CAA3A" baseAuthorityName="Maas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[923,1053,835,861]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bigelowi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED1CCFCA9587CAA3A" box="[923,1053,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. bigelowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a possible equivalent with a similar elliptical shape in 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED3B1FC8D5E37AAE7" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[486,598,871,897]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED3B1FC8D5E37AAE7" box="[486,598,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a thread with a well-defined shaft is visible in the undischarged capsules), but the capsules of the latter are about half their size. Capsules similar to the oval atrichous nematocysts reported upon by Bouillon were not seen in 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED0E3FC455F45AAAF" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[692,804,943,969]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED0E3FC455F45AAAF" box="[692,804,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in spite of the careful examination of multiple cnidome preparations. Moreover, it should be also highlighted that the cnidome composition given by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED68DFC3959FDAA8A" author="Bouillon, J." box="[1242,1436,979,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="249 - 297" refId="ref9411" refString="Bouillon, J. (1978 b) Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie, Nouvelle Guinee). Partie I: Anthomedusae Capitata (Hydrozoa-Cnidaria) (1). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 19, 249 - 297." type="journal article" year="1978">Bouillon (1978b)</bibRefCitation>
differs from that provided by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED044FC1D5F09AD76" author="Sassaman, C. &amp; Rees, J. T." box="[531,872,1015,1041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="485 - 496" refId="ref11532" refString="Sassaman, C. &amp; Rees, J. T. (1978) The life cycle of Corymorpha (= Euphysora) bigelowi (Maas, 1905) and its significance in the systematics of corymorphid hydromedusae. Biological Bulletin, 154, 485 - 496. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1541074" type="journal article" year="1978">Sassaman &amp; Rees (1978: 492)</bibRefCitation>
for medusa specimens originating from Monterey Bay, CA, 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D1AFFDED36FFBF15D0FAD52" box="[312,366,1051,1077]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">USA</collectingCountry>
(see 
<tableCitation id="C6B010FE1D1AFFDED3F9FBF15E65AD52" box="[430,516,1051,1077]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,239,332,356]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2.Affinities and differences between the cnidomes of the medusae of Corymorpha tropica sp. nov. and C. bigelowi (Maas, 1905), in µm. Some indeterminate types of nematocysts belonging to the former were tentatively compared to their potential counterparts in the latter, notably on the account of their general shape." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D75CD1D15FFD1D2C0FEA65848A8CB" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" tableUuid="DF4D75CD1D15FFD1D2C0FEA65848A8CB">Table 2</tableCitation>
), suggesting that two morphologically-similar species could be involved. In this case, too, my Balinese medusae differ significantly from those from the eastern Pacific {
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED69FFBD55897AD3F" box="[1224,1270,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">e.g.,</emphasis>
one and 
<specimenCount id="9D34EECC1D1AFFDED733FBD55D60AD1A" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" type="generic" typeStatus="types">three types</specimenCount>
of nematocysts, respectively, are present on the exumbrella; the main tentacle of the newly-released medusae obtained by Sassaman &amp; Rees had “a club-shaped terminal nematocyst bulb, but [was] lacking the subterminal adaxial bulbs of older medusae” (see their figs 1B and 2C–D)}. As to the cultivated polyp, it has proved to be morphologically different from those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED10FFB255FABAD8F" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[856,970,1231,1257]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED10FFB255FABAD8F" box="[856,970,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(it is proportionally smaller, bears lesser tentacles in each of the two whorls, the perisarc covers entirely the caulus, the hydranth is comparatively more elongated, and there is no mention of a possible striking coloration in live material). Finally, the invariablypresent, conspicuous, red-brick spots at the insertion of the manubrium in the live medusae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED6B9FAD1593EAC33" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[1262,1375,1339,1365]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED6B9FAD1593EAC33" box="[1262,1375,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1AFFDED738FAD15CB4AC1E" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1837,1861]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,849,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-332@12.[151,1435,849,1813]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Fixed specimens of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. A, B. Newly-released medusae, observed with either a stereomicroscope in a petri dish (A) or a compound microscope, slightly squashed between slide and coverslip (B); note the adaxial position of the intermediate nematocyst clusters of the main tentacle. C. Apical view of umbrella, to show interradial pigmentary spots at the insertion of manubrium. D. Exumbrella with scattered nematocysts. E. Lateral view of the umbrella apex, showing the small, round-shaped apical projection, the insertion of the manubrium and its associated pigmentary spots, as well as the proximal parts of two radial canals. Scale bars: C–E = 100 µm; A, B = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732025/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) were never mentioned in any of the numerous accounts on 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED13BFAB55F8DAC1E" baseAuthorityName="Maas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[876,1004,1375,1401]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bigelowi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED13BFAB55F8DAC1E" box="[876,1004,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. bigelowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nor are they discernible in the medusa illustrated in 
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1AFFDED30DFA695DCDACFA" box="[346,428,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="15.[152,255,1238,1262]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1213]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[151,1435,181,1213]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 10. Live specimen of Corymorpha bigelowi Maas, 1905 (ca. 5 mm high) from the Brunswick River mouth, New South Wales, Australia. A, B. Two views of a medusa. C. Detail showing the granulation of the radial canals. D. Close-up of the tentacles, showing their coloration. E. Capitate tentacle, greatly enlarged, showing its coiled posture. Photo credit: D. Riek." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732031" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732031/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1AFFDED2C0FA4D5823AF6E" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1AFFDED2C0FA4D5CC7ACA6" box="[151,166,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-163@5.[151,1435,561,1694]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Additional in situ photographs of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. Note depigmented specimen (A), coloration of the hydranth (B, D), and profusion of medusa buds on the blastostyles (C, D). Photo credit: A. Jakoblich (A, C), D. Johnson (B), J. Johnson (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732015/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">2</figureCitation>
) 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED291FA4D5E08ACA6" authority="(Xu &amp; Huang, 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Xu &amp; Huang" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[198,617,1447,1473]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crassocanalis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED291FA4D5D1EACA6" box="[198,383,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. crassocanalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED3DAFA4D5E00ACA6" author="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q." box="[397,609,1447,1473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="136 - 144" refId="ref12089" refString="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. (2003) On new species and records of Euphysora in Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidomedusae, Anthomedusae, Capitata, Corymorphidae). Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 22 (2), 136 - 144." type="journal article" year="2003">Xu &amp; Huang, 2003</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
—this medusa, known from the 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D1AFFDED19AFA4D587EACA6" box="[973,1055,1447,1473]" name="Taiwan" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
Strait (
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED627FA4D58EBACA7" box="[1136,1162,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">ca</emphasis>
. 22– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0643821D1AFFDED693FA4D5964ACA6" box="[1220,1285,1447,1473]" degrees="23" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="55555" value="23.0">23° N</geoCoordinate>
), has “broad” radial canals, filled with groups of “vacuolated endodermal cells” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED194FA21596FAC82" author="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q." box="[963,1294,1483,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="136 - 144" refId="ref12089" refString="Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. (2003) On new species and records of Euphysora in Taiwan Strait and its adjacent waters (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidomedusae, Anthomedusae, Capitata, Corymorphidae). Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait, 22 (2), 136 - 144." type="journal article" year="2003">Xu &amp; Huang 2003: 137–138</bibRefCitation>
, 143), while those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED371FA055DF6AF6F" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[294,407,1519,1545]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED371FA055DF6AF6F" box="[294,407,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are narrow and composed of flattened, non-vacuolated cells;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1AFFDFD2C0F9F95E01A99E" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1689]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
3) 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED291F9F95ED1AF4A" authority="(Xu, Huang &amp; Yang, 2022)" baseAuthorityName="Xu, Huang &amp; Yang" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[198,688,1555,1581]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="luoyuanensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED291F9F95D18AF4A" box="[198,377,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. luoyuanensis</emphasis>
(Xu, Huang &amp; Yang, 2022)
</taxonomicName>
—this medusa, discovered in the 
<location id="8EED739E1D1AFFDED67EF9F958A0AF4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B94531D1DFFD3D2C0FAB45DB2A892:8EED739E1D1AFFDED67EF9F958A0AF4A" box="[1065,1217,1555,1581]" country="China" latitude="26.0" name="Luoyuan Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Luoyuan Bay</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D1AFFDED69AF9F95971AF4A" box="[1229,1296,1555,1581]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">China</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED777F9F9595BAF4B" box="[1312,1338,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">ca</emphasis>
. 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0643821D1AFFDED71EF9F959EEAF4A" box="[1353,1423,1555,1581]" degrees="26" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="55555" value="26.0">26° N</geoCoordinate>
), has a funnel-shaped manubrium extending beyond the velar aperture, broad radial canals filled with apparently large, “vacuolated endodermal cells”, and its main tentacle is reportedly said thick, rigid (inextensible?), and of a compact appearance, the nematocyst clusters being adjacent to one another (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED637F9955926AFFE" author="Liu, Z. Y. &amp; Yang, Y. Y. &amp; Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q." box="[1120,1351,1663,1689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="345 - 348" refId="ref11000" refString="Liu, Z. Y., Yang, Y. Y., Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. (2022) A new species of medusae from Luoyuan Bay, Fujian, China. Zoological Systematics, 47 (4), 345 - 348." type="journal article" year="2022">
Liu 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED6C6F99558AAAFFE" box="[1169,1227,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
2022: 346
</bibRefCitation>
) (if the condition of the main tentacle is not an artefact, it could be diagnostic); in contrast, as noted above, the radial canals of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1BFFDFD378FF515DFFA9B3" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[303,414,187,213]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD378FF515DFFA9B3" box="[303,414,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are narrow; additionally, its main tentacle is thin, extensible, and the clusters of nematocysts are well separated from one another;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1AFFDED2C0F95A5FF8AEE7" blockId="6.[151,1437,1712,2043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
1 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED290F95A5DEEAFAF" author="Uchida, T." box="[199,399,1712,1736]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="145 - 241" refId="ref11917" refString="Uchida, T. (1927) Studies on Japanese hydromedusae. I. Anthomedusae. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, Section IV, Zoology, 1, 145 - 241." type="journal article" year="1927">Uchida (1927: 189)</bibRefCitation>
, however, observed in specimens from 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D1AFFDED14AF95B5F36AFAF" box="[797,855,1713,1736]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED132F95B5F1CAFAF" box="[869,893,1713,1736]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">ca</emphasis>
. 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0643821D1AFFDED1DEF95A5FA7AFAF" box="[905,966,1712,1736]" degrees="34" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" precision="55555" value="34.0">34° N</geoCoordinate>
) that “the exumbrella is finely granulated with nematocysts, especially in the terminal portion”, suggesting that his specimens could belong to another, morphologicallysimilar species. He even suspected that these medusae could be the planktonic stage of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED615F9045925AE61" authority="Ikeda, 1910" authorityName="Ikeda" authorityYear="1910" box="[1090,1348,1774,1798]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tomoensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED615F90458A4AE62" box="[1090,1221,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. tomoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED69BF9045925AE61" author="Ikeda, I." box="[1228,1348,1774,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED706F9045D02AE43" author="Uchida, T." pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="145 - 241" refId="ref11917" refString="Uchida, T. (1927) Studies on Japanese hydromedusae. I. Anthomedusae. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, Section IV, Zoology, 1, 145 - 241." type="journal article" year="1927">Uchida 1927: 190–191</bibRefCitation>
). Newly-released medusae were originally lost from the 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D1AFFDED1CDF8E75FA7AE42" box="[922,966,1805,1829]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">type</typeStatus>
material of the latter, but “[s]ome old medusae still in attachment have […] somewhat moniliform tentacles” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED110F8C15F93AE24" author="Ikeda, I." box="[839,1010,1835,1859]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda 1910: 155</bibRefCitation>
), a statement not clearly supported by the illustration provided on pl. 5 fig. 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D1AFFDED042F8A05E5AAE05" box="[533,571,1866,1890]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
the original account (indeed, the main tentacle is provided but with only a distal knob of nematocysts, and no intermediate clusters are distinctly discernible).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1AFFDED2C0F86D5971AE9C" blockId="6.[151,1437,1712,2043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">
2 It is unclear whether the presence of exumbrellar nematocysts is an ontogenically-stable character in the new species in particular, and within the genus in general. For example, in some zancleid hydroids, the presence of such capsules was reported in newly-released medusae, but they appear to be lost in fully-grown individuals (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1AFFDED609F82E5972AEBB" author="Boero, F. &amp; Bouillon, J. &amp; Gravili, C." box="[1118,1299,1988,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" pagination="93 - 124" refId="ref9319" refString="Boero, F., Bouillon, J. &amp; Gravili, C. (2000) A survey of Zanclea, Halocoryne and Zanclella (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Zancleidae) with description of new species. Italian Journal of Zoology, 67, 93 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250000009356301" type="journal article" year="2000">
Boero 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED6F4F82F58B6AEBB" box="[1187,1239,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
). Conversely, as noted above, mature medusae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED066F8095EDAAE9C" baseAuthorityName="Bouillon" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[561,699,2019,2043]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED066F8095EDAAE9C" box="[561,699,2019,2043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. gemmifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1AFFDED0BAF8095FCEAE9C" baseAuthorityName="Bouillon" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[749,943,2019,2043]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="457" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pseudoabaxialis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1AFFDED0BAF8095FCEAE9C" box="[749,943,2019,2043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="457">C. pseudoabaxialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
do have exumbrellar nematocysts.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1BFFDFD2C0FEE95DCBA892" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
4) 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1BFFDFD291FEE95EE6A87A" authority="(Xu, Huang &amp; Guo, 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Xu, Huang &amp; Guo" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[198,647,259,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="meijiensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD291FEE95D36A87B" box="[198,343,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">C. meijiensis</emphasis>
(Xu, Huang &amp; Guo, 2013)
</taxonomicName>
—this medusa, known from the Mischief Reef, 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D1BFFDFD6F5FEE95928A87A" box="[1186,1353,259,285]" name="Spratly Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Spratly Islands</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD70DFEE95915A87B" box="[1370,1396,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">ca</emphasis>
. 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0643821D1BFFDFD7D4FEE95CBCA826" degrees="9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" precision="55555" value="9.0">9° N</geoCoordinate>
), has a broad manubrium filling almost the whole subumbrella (artefact due to the presence of food items, or the thickness of the gonadal mass surrounding it?), the main tentacle is “short and stiff” (inextensible?), with adjacent nematocyst clusters, the opposite tentacle is of the same length and has a red-pigmented tip, while two lateral bulbs are atentaculate (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1BFFDFD006FE795F59A8CA" author="Du, F. Y. &amp; Lin, Z. J. &amp; Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. &amp; Guo, D. H." box="[593,824,403,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" pagination="749 - 755" refId="ref9996" refString="Du, F. Y., Lin, Z. J., Xu, Z. Z., Huang, J. Q. &amp; Guo, D. H. (2013) Three new species of hydroidomedusae (Cnidaria) from the Meiji reef and Daya Bay, South China Sea. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 38 (4), 749 - 755." type="journal article" year="2013">
Du 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD029FE795ED9A8CA" box="[638,696,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
2013: 749
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1BFFDFD111FE795850A8CA" author="Liu, Z. Y. &amp; Yang, Y. Y. &amp; Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q." box="[838,1073,403,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" pagination="345 - 348" refId="ref11000" refString="Liu, Z. Y., Yang, Y. Y., Xu, Z. Z. &amp; Huang, J. Q. (2022) A new species of medusae from Luoyuan Bay, Fujian, China. Zoological Systematics, 47 (4), 345 - 348." type="journal article" year="2022">
Liu 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD121FE795FD1A8CA" box="[886,944,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
2022: 347
</bibRefCitation>
); in contrast, the manubrium of the newly-released medusae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1BFFDFD07EFE5D5EFBA8B7" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[553,666,439,465]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD07EFE5D5EFBA8B7" box="[553,666,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is slender, and its main tentacle is thin, extensible, with well-spaced nematocyst clusters.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D75CD1D1BFFDFD2CFF9785F70AFA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732017" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7732017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732017/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" startId="7.[152,255,1682,1706]" targetBox="[151,1435,525,1658]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1BFFDFD2CFF9785F70AFA9" blockId="7.[151,1437,1682,1742]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD2CFF9785D79AFCD" bold="true" box="[152,280,1682,1706]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Close-ups of the living gonophores of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1BFFDFD0F7F9785F0EAFCD" authority="Galea, 2023" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[672,879,1682,1706]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD0F7F9785F0EAFCD" box="[672,879,1682,1706]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Corymorpha tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD12BF9785FAAAFCD" bold="true" box="[892,971,1682,1706]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275442C1D1BFFDFD12BF9785FAAAFCD" box="[892,971,1682,1706]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Note colors of the medusa buds in life (C, D). Photo credit: A. Jakoblich (A, B), D. Johnson (C), R. Ang (D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1BFFDFD2C0F91659F3AE39" blockId="7.[151,1437,1788,1887]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
The coloration pattern met with in the polyp of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1BFFDFD0F9F9165F7CAE71" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[686,797,1788,1814]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD0F9F9165F7CAE71" box="[686,797,1788,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recalls that displayed by two other congeners, namely 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1BFFDFD7D3F9165DC9AE5D" authority="Watson, 2008" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2008" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rubicincta">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD7D3F9165D67AE5D" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">C. rubicincta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1BFFDFD347F8CB5DC9AE5D" author="Watson, J. E." box="[272,424,1824,1851]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" pagination="185 - 188" refId="ref12424" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Corymorpha rubicinta, a new hydroid (Hydrozoa, Athoathecata, Corymorphydae) from Port Phillip, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 185 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2008.65.11" type="journal article" year="2008">Watson, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1BFFDFD3B2F8CA5F62AE5D" authority="Ikeda, 1910" authorityName="Ikeda" authorityYear="1910" box="[485,771,1824,1850]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tomoensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD3B2F8CA5E14AE5D" box="[485,629,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">C. tomoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D1BFFDFD028F8CA5F62AE5D" author="Ikeda, I." box="[639,771,1824,1850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(differences to the latter are discussed below in a specific paragraph). As to 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D1BFFDFD30FF8AE5DBBAE39" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2008" box="[344,474,1860,1886]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rubicinta">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D1BFFDFD30FF8AE5DBBAE39" box="[344,474,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">C. rubicinta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="130939C01D1BFFDFD3BFF8AE5E56AE39" box="[488,567,1860,1886]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="15.[152,255,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1358,1925]" captionTargetId="figure-84@15.[151,1435,1358,1925]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 11. Polyps of Corymorpha rubicincta Watson, 2008, in situ (Point Richards, Victoria, Australia), for comparison. Photo credit: A. Newton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732033/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
), it could be distinguished from the new species through the following features:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D1BFFD0D2C0F8665DAFA99E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1932,2031]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,825]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
1) the lower part of its caulus is yellow, sometimes reddish, especially proximally, the color “gradually fading distally to primary band”; the hydranth body is pale flesh-colored, with “usually a band of red spots just above aboral tentacles and similar spots on bases of inner row of oral tentacles”, while the tentacles are “translucent white” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D14FFD0D348FF7D5D8EA9D6" author="Watson, J. E." box="[287,495,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" pagination="185 - 188" refId="ref12424" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Corymorpha rubicinta, a new hydroid (Hydrozoa, Athoathecata, Corymorphydae) from Port Phillip, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 185 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2008.65.11" type="journal article" year="2008">Watson 2008: 186</bibRefCitation>
); in contrast, specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D14FFD0D148FF7D5FEEA9D7" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[799,911,151,177]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D148FF7D5FEEA9D7" box="[799,911,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibit much intense colors on both the caulus and the hydranth, including its tentacles (
<figureCitation id="130939C01D14FFD0D0DAFF515EB3A9B2" box="[653,722,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1929,1953]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,345,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-100@4.[151,1435,345,1905]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. in situ, to show color variation in life; note the red, circular band at the hydranth base (C) and the newly-released medusa (D) (arrowheads). Photo credit: J. Johnson (A, B), D. Johnson (C, F) and A. Jakoblich (D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732011/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Figs 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="130939C01D14FFD0D088FF515F4CA9B2" box="[735,813,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-163@5.[151,1435,561,1694]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Additional in situ photographs of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. Note depigmented specimen (A), coloration of the hydranth (B, D), and profusion of medusa buds on the blastostyles (C, D). Photo credit: A. Jakoblich (A, C), D. Johnson (B), J. Johnson (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732015/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">2B&amp;D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="130939C01D14FFD0D160FF515FE4A9B2" box="[823,901,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-171@7.[151,1435,525,1658]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Close-ups of the living gonophores of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. Note colors of the medusa buds in life (C, D). Photo credit: A. Jakoblich (A, B), D. Johnson (C), R. Ang (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732017/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">3A&amp;B</figureCitation>
); only in rare instances, depigmented specimens can be found (
<figureCitation id="130939C01D14FFD0D331FF355DA1A99E" box="[358,448,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-163@5.[151,1435,561,1694]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Additional in situ photographs of Corymorpha tropica, sp. nov. Note depigmented specimen (A), coloration of the hydranth (B, D), and profusion of medusa buds on the blastostyles (C, D). Photo credit: A. Jakoblich (A, C), D. Johnson (B), J. Johnson (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732015/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D14FFD0D2C0FEE95DCDA8EE" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
2) the perisarc is not only confined to the proximal part of the caulus, but also to its distal portion {“Perisarc above [transverse red] band thin and becoming almost colourless distally” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D14FFD0D641FECD588AA826" author="Watson, J. E." box="[1046,1259,294,321]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" pagination="185 - 188" refId="ref12424" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Corymorpha rubicinta, a new hydroid (Hydrozoa, Athoathecata, Corymorphydae) from Port Phillip, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 185 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2008.65.11" type="journal article" year="2008">Watson 2008: 185</bibRefCitation>
)}; proximally it is reportedly said “thick and gelatinous”, a feature not observed in the present species, in which it is uniformly thin and transparent;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D14FFD0D2C0FE795EA4AB7E" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
3) the number of tentacles, especially the oral ones, is lower than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D14FFD0D1FFFE795878A8CB" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[936,1049,403,429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D1FFFE795878A8CB" box="[936,1049,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
{“approximately 30 oral tentacles […] arranged in a tuft of two closely set whorls” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D14FFD0D0BFFE5D5FDBA8B6" author="Watson, J. E." box="[744,954,438,465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" pagination="185 - 188" refId="ref12424" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Corymorpha rubicinta, a new hydroid (Hydrozoa, Athoathecata, Corymorphydae) from Port Phillip, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 185 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2008.65.11" type="journal article" year="2008">Watson 2008: 185</bibRefCitation>
)}; even in polyps with a minimal number of tentacles (
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D360FE315D07A893" box="[311,358,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">e.g.,</emphasis>
MSNMCoe360: 24 aboral and 28 oral), those surrounding the hypostome are invariably arranged in no less than 4 distinct whorls in 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D14FFD0D01BFE155EDCAB7F" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[588,701,511,537]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D01BFE155EDCAB7F" box="[588,701,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D14FFD0D2C0FDC95F50AB06" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
4) its gonophores are reportedly “fixed sporosacs”, possibly of “cryptomedusoid 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D14FFD0D67BFDC9583DAB5A" box="[1068,1116,547,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">type</typeStatus>
[…] packed with small ova” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D14FFD0D29AFDAD5DB2AB06" author="Watson, J. E." box="[205,467,582,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" pagination="185 - 188" refId="ref12424" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Corymorpha rubicinta, a new hydroid (Hydrozoa, Athoathecata, Corymorphydae) from Port Phillip, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 185 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2008.65.11" type="journal article" year="2008">Watson 2008: 185–186</bibRefCitation>
) with a diameter of 10–32 µm;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D14FFD0D2C0FD8058ADAA5E" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
5) although quite similar, the cnidome composition given by Watson indicates, however, that the various 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D14FFD0D714FD81591FABE2" box="[1347,1406,619,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">types</typeStatus>
of nematocysts do not occur at exactly the same locations as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D14FFD0D137FD655FAEABCF" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[864,975,655,681]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D137FD655FAEABCF" box="[864,975,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D189FD655867ABCF" box="[990,1030,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">e.g.</emphasis>
there are 5 size classes of stenoteles, instead of only 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D14FFD0D322FD595DC0ABAA" box="[373,417,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D14FFD0D3FFFD595E78ABAB" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[424,537,691,717]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D3FFFD595E78ABAB" box="[424,537,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the desmonemes are absent from the gonophores, while they are present in the medusa of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D14FFD0D314FD3D5DD4AB97" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[323,437,727,753]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D314FD3D5DD4AB97" box="[323,437,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the capsules identified as “heterotrichous anisorhizas” by Watson likely have a smaller equivalent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D14FFD0D335FD115DB4AA73" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[354,469,763,789]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D335FD115DB4AA73" box="[354,469,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(15–16 µm 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D033FD115E1AAA73" box="[612,635,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">vs</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D0DCFD115EC4AA73" box="[651,677,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">ca</emphasis>
. 10 µm wide, respectively), and they are said to occur only in the aboral tentacles of the polyp, while they are present in both 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D14FFD0D133FCF55FFEAA5E" box="[868,927,799,825]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">types</typeStatus>
of tentacles in 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D14FFD0D61DFCF558DAAA5F" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[1098,1211,799,825]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D61DFCF558DAAA5F" box="[1098,1211,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
];
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D75CD1D14FFD0D2CFF8AA5ECDAE8F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732019" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7732019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732019/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" startId="8.[152,255,1856,1880]" targetBox="[151,1435,849,1833]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D14FFD0D2CFF8AA5ECDAE8F" blockId="8.[151,1437,1856,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D2CFF8AA5D77AE3F" bold="true" box="[152,278,1856,1880]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Fixed specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D14FFD0D3B6F8AA5ECEAE3F" authority="Galea, 2023" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[481,687,1856,1880]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D3B6F8AA5ECEAE3F" box="[481,687,1856,1880]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Corymorpha tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D0EDF8AA5F41AE3F" bold="true" box="[698,800,1856,1880]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275442C1D14FFD0D0EDF8AA5F68AE3F" box="[698,777,1856,1880]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A
</emphasis>
. Proximal tip of the caulus, showing rooting filaments (arrows). 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D2C0F88E5CC9AE1B" bold="true" box="[151,168,1892,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">B</emphasis>
. Basal papillae, from proximally digitiform to distally patch-like. 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D110F88E5F38AE1B" bold="true" box="[839,857,1892,1916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">C</emphasis>
. Proximal part of the caulus showing longitudinal endodermal canals with lateral diverticuli ending in papillae; arrows point to the perisarc sheath. 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D14FFD0D6C9F86258D1AEC7" bold="true" box="[1182,1200,1928,1952]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">D</emphasis>
. Junction (arrowhead) between the proximal, perisarc sheath-covered, papillary portion of the caulus, and the distal, naked, non-papillary part; arrows point to the perisarc sheath. Scale bar: A–D = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D15FFD1D2C0FF7D5EDEA87A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
6) it was found in a temperate area of southern 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D15FFD1D092FF7D5F4DA9D6" box="[709,812,151,177]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Australia</collectingCountry>
(at the latitude of 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0643821D15FFD1D655FF7D5822A9D6" box="[1026,1091,151,177]" degrees="38" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" precision="55555" value="-38.0">38° S</geoCoordinate>
), in a habitat characterized by “silty sand heavily bioturbated by infaunal polychaetes and bivalve molluscs”, and a water temperature of 13°C (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D15FFD1D29AFF355DC3A99E" author="Watson, J. E." box="[205,418,222,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" pagination="185 - 188" refId="ref12424" refString="Watson, J. E. (2008) Corymorpha rubicinta, a new hydroid (Hydrozoa, Athoathecata, Corymorphydae) from Port Phillip, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria, 65, 185 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2008.65.11" type="journal article" year="2008">Watson 2008: 185</bibRefCitation>
), while 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D15FFD1D056FF355E15A99F" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[513,628,223,249]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D056FF355E15A99F" box="[513,628,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is, according to the present data, a purely tropical species known, for instance, from 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D15FFD1D33AFEE95DBBA87A" box="[365,474,259,285]" name="Indonesia" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
and the 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D15FFD1D06DFEE95EDDA87A" box="[570,700,259,285]" name="Philippines" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Philippines</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D75CD1D15FFD1D2C0FEA65848A8CB" ID-Table-UUID="DF4D75CD1D15FFD1D2C0FEA65848A8CB" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D75CD1D15FFD1D2C0FEA65848A8CB" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" startId="9.[151,239,332,356]" targetBox="[166,1403,444,1921]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D15FFD1D2C0FEA65848A8CB" blockId="9.[151,1436,332,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D2C0FEA65D60A803" bold="true" box="[151,257,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">TABLE 2</emphasis>
. Affinities and differences between the cnidomes of the medusae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D15FFD1D193FEA658FCA803" authority="Galea, 2023" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[964,1181,332,356]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D193FEA658FCA803" box="[964,1181,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Corymorpha tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D6F6FEA75895A802" bold="true" box="[1185,1268,333,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275442C1D15FFD1D6F6FEA75895A802" box="[1185,1268,333,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D15FFD1D774FEA75D4BA8EF" authority="(Maas, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Maas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bigelowi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D774FEA759FDA803" box="[1315,1436,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">C. bigelowi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D15FFD1D2C8FE9B5D43A8EF" author="Maas, O." box="[159,290,368,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref11055" refString="Maas, O. (1905) Die craspedoten Medusen der Siboga-Expedition. Siboga-Expeditie, 10, 1 - 84." type="journal article" year="1905">Maas, 1905</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, in µm. Some indeterminate types of nematocysts belonging to the former were tentatively compared to their potential counterparts in the latter, notably on the account of their general shape.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D15FFD1D389FE5658C9AEE6" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<table id="F932D7E51D150027D2F1FE56591AAEE6" box="[166,1403,444,1921]" gridcols="4" gridrows="27" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FE56591AAB7B" box="[166,1403,444,540]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FE565E84AB7B" box="[478,741,444,540]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D389FE565EE1A89F" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D15FFD1D389FE565E25A8B3" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[478,580,444,468]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D389FE565E25A8B3" bold="true" box="[478,580,444,468]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(present study)
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FE56582DAB7B" box="[818,1100,444,540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D165FE565843AB7B" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D15FFD1D165FE565FC6A8B3" baseAuthorityName="Maas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[818,935,444,468]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bigelowi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D165FE565FC6A8B3" bold="true" box="[818,935,444,468]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">C. bigelowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D15FFD1D16EFE0A5FBEA89F" author="Bouillon, J." box="[825,991,480,504]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" pagination="249 - 297" refId="ref9411" refString="Bouillon, J. (1978 b) Hydromeduses de la Mer de Bismarck (Papouasie, Nouvelle Guinee). Partie I: Anthomedusae Capitata (Hydrozoa-Cnidaria) (1). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 19, 249 - 297." type="journal article" year="1978">Bouillon 1978b</bibRefCitation>
, Papua New Guinea material)
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FE56591AAB7B" box="[1140,1403,444,540]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D623FE565919AB7B" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D15FFD1D623FE565889A8B3" baseAuthorityName="Maas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1140,1256,444,468]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bigelowi">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D623FE565889A8B3" bold="true" box="[1140,1256,444,468]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">C. bigelowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D15FFD1D62DFE0A5917A89F" author="Sassaman, C. &amp; Rees, J. T." box="[1146,1398,480,504]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" pagination="485 - 496" refId="ref11532" refString="Sassaman, C. &amp; Rees, J. T. (1978) The life cycle of Corymorpha (= Euphysora) bigelowi (Maas, 1905) and its significance in the systematics of corymorphid hydromedusae. Biological Bulletin, 154, 485 - 496. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1541074" type="journal article" year="1978">Sassaman &amp; Rees 1978</bibRefCitation>
, Monterey Bay material)
</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FDC6591AAB23" box="[166,1403,556,580]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FDC6591AAB23" box="[166,1403,556,580]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D2F1FDC65D3CAB23" bold="true" box="[166,349,556,580]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Capitate tentacle</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FDBF591AABF6" box="[166,1403,597,657]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FDBF5DDFABF6" box="[166,446,597,657]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- stenoteles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FDBF5E84ABF6" box="[478,741,597,657]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FDBF582DABF6" box="[818,1100,597,657]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">14 × 12 (“large ovoid stenoteles”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FDBF591AABF6" box="[1140,1403,597,657]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(13–14) × (11–12) (“large stenoteles”)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FD4B591AABBA" box="[166,1403,673,733]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FD4B5DDFABBA" box="[166,446,673,733]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- stenoteles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FD4B5E84ABBA" box="[478,741,673,733]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(11.3–11.6) × (9.6–9.9) (“S2 type”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FD4B582DABBA" box="[818,1100,673,733]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FD4B591AABBA" box="[1140,1403,673,733]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FD07591AAA62" box="[166,1403,749,773]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FD075DDFAA62" box="[166,446,749,773]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- stenoteles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FD075E84AA62" box="[478,741,749,773]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(9.6–10.3) × (7.9–8.2)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FD07582DAA62" box="[818,1100,749,773]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">10 × 8</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FD07591AAA62" box="[1140,1403,749,773]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">7.5 × 7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FCFA591AAA4E" box="[166,1403,784,809]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FCFA5E84AA4E" box="[478,741,784,809]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“S3 type”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FCFA582DAA4E" box="[818,1100,784,809]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“small ovoid stenoteles”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FCFA591AAA4E" box="[1140,1403,784,809]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“small stenoteles”)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FCD3591AAA35" box="[166,1403,825,850]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FCD35DDFAA35" box="[166,446,825,850]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- desmonemes</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FCD35E84AA35" box="[478,741,825,850]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(7.2–7.7) × (5.1–5.8)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FCD3582DAA35" box="[818,1100,825,850]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">8 × 6</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FCD3591AAA35" box="[1140,1403,825,850]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">10 × 5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FC88591AAAA5" box="[166,1403,866,962]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FC885DDFAAA5" box="[166,446,866,962]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- elliptical capsules</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FC885E84AAA5" box="[478,741,866,962]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(6.5–8.6) × (3.2–3.8) (of indeterminate type)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FC88582DAAA5" box="[818,1100,866,962]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">14 × 5 (“heterotrichous microbasic euryteles”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FC88591AAAA5" box="[1140,1403,866,962]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FC38591AAA8D" box="[166,1403,978,1002]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FC385DDFAA8D" box="[166,446,978,1002]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- spherical capsules</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FC385E84AA8D" box="[478,741,978,1002]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">11.6–14.7</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FC38582DAA8D" box="[818,1100,978,1002]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">18</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FC38591AAA8D" box="[1140,1403,978,1002]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FC1C591AAD55" box="[166,1403,1014,1074]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FC1C5E84AD55" box="[478,741,1014,1074]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(of indeterminate type)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FC1C582DAD55" box="[818,1100,1014,1074]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“basitrichous” nemato- cysts)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FBA8591AAD3D" box="[166,1403,1090,1114]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FBA8591AAD3D" box="[166,1403,1090,1114]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D2F1FBA85DF4AD3D" bold="true" box="[166,405,1090,1114]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Non-capitate tentacles</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FB80591AADE4" box="[166,1403,1130,1155]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FB805DDFADE4" box="[166,446,1130,1155]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- stenoteles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FB805E84ADE4" box="[478,741,1130,1155]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(14.0–14.7) × (12.5–13.3)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FB80582DADE4" box="[818,1100,1130,1155]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">14 × 12</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FB80591AADE4" box="[1140,1403,1130,1155]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">13 × 11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FB67591AADC0" box="[166,1403,1165,1191]" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FB675E84ADC0" box="[478,741,1165,1191]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“S1 type”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FB67582DADC0" box="[818,1100,1165,1191]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“large ovoid stenoteles”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FB67591AADC0" box="[1140,1403,1165,1191]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“large stenoteles”)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FB5D591AAD94" box="[166,1403,1207,1267]" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FB5D5DDFAD94" box="[166,446,1207,1267]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- stenoteles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FB5D5E84AD94" box="[478,741,1207,1267]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(11.3–11.6) × (9.6–9.9) (“S2 type”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FB5D582DAD94" box="[818,1100,1207,1267]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FB5D591AAD94" box="[1140,1403,1207,1267]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FAE9591AAC7C" box="[166,1403,1283,1307]" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FAE95DDFAC7C" box="[166,446,1283,1307]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- stenoteles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FAE95E84AC7C" box="[478,741,1283,1307]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(9.6–10.3) × (7.9–8.2)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FAE9582DAC7C" box="[818,1100,1283,1307]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">10 × 8</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FAE9591AAC7C" box="[1140,1403,1283,1307]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(8–9) × 7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FACC591AAC58" box="[166,1403,1318,1343]" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FACC5E84AC58" box="[478,741,1318,1343]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“S3 type”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FACC582DAC58" box="[818,1100,1318,1343]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“small ovoid stenoteles”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FACC591AAC58" box="[1140,1403,1318,1343]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“small stenoteles”)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FAA5591AAC00" box="[166,1403,1359,1383]" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FAA55DDFAC00" box="[166,446,1359,1383]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- desmonemes</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FAA55E84AC00" box="[478,741,1359,1383]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FAA5582DAC00" box="[818,1100,1359,1383]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">8 × 6</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FAA5591AAC00" box="[1140,1403,1359,1383]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FA9D591AACB0" box="[166,1403,1399,1495]" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FA9D5DDFACB0" box="[166,446,1399,1495]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- elliptical capsules</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FA9D5E84ACB0" box="[478,741,1399,1495]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(6.5–8.6) × (3.2–3.8) (of indeterminate type)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FA9D582DACB0" box="[818,1100,1399,1495]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">14 × 5 (“heterotrichous microbasic euryteles”)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FA9D591AACB0" box="[1140,1403,1399,1495]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1FA02591AAF43" box="[166,1403,1512,1572]" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1FA025DDFAF43" box="[166,446,1512,1572]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- atrichous capsules</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389FA025E84AF43" box="[478,741,1512,1572]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165FA02582DAF43" box="[818,1100,1512,1572]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">7 × 4 (“oval atrichous” capsules)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623FA02591AAF43" box="[1140,1403,1512,1572]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1F9DE591AAF2B" box="[166,1403,1588,1612]" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1F9DE5DDFAF2B" box="[166,446,1588,1612]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- spherical capsules</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389F9DE5E84AF2B" box="[478,741,1588,1612]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">12.0–14.0</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165F9DE582DAF2B" box="[818,1100,1588,1612]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">18</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623F9DE591AAF2B" box="[1140,1403,1588,1612]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1F9B2591AAFF3" box="[166,1403,1624,1684]" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389F9B25E84AFF3" box="[478,741,1624,1684]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(of indeterminate type)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165F9B2582DAFF3" box="[818,1100,1624,1684]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“basitrichous” nemato- cysts)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1F94E591AAFDB" box="[166,1403,1700,1724]" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1F94E5DDFAFDB" box="[166,446,1700,1724]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- anisorhizas</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389F94E5E84AFDB" box="[478,741,1700,1724]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165F94E582DAFDB" box="[818,1100,1700,1724]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623F94E591AAFDB" box="[1140,1403,1700,1724]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">12 × 11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1F926591AAF83" box="[166,1403,1740,1764]" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1F926591AAF83" box="[166,1403,1740,1764]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D15FFD1D2F1F9265D47AF83" bold="true" box="[166,294,1740,1764]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Exumbrella</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1F91F591AAE6A" box="[166,1403,1781,1805]" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1F91F5DDFAE6A" box="[166,446,1781,1805]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- spherical capsules</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389F91F5E84AE6A" box="[478,741,1781,1805]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">6.0–6.8</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165F91F582DAE6A" box="[818,1100,1781,1805]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623F91F591AAE6A" box="[1140,1403,1781,1805]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">10 × 9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1F8F3591AAE56" box="[166,1403,1817,1841]" gridrow="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389F8F35E84AE56" box="[478,741,1817,1841]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(of indeterminate type)</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623F8F3591AAE56" box="[1140,1403,1817,1841]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">(“anisorhizas”)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1F8AB591AAE3E" box="[166,1403,1857,1881]" gridrow="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1F8AB5DDFAE3E" box="[166,446,1857,1881]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- microbasic mastigophores</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389F8AB5E84AE3E" box="[478,741,1857,1881]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165F8AB582DAE3E" box="[818,1100,1857,1881]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623F8AB591AAE3E" box="[1140,1403,1857,1881]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">8 × 3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350227071D150027D2F1F883591AAEE6" box="[166,1403,1897,1921]" gridrow="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<th id="76D34E7B1D150027D2F1F8835DDFAEE6" box="[166,446,1897,1921]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">- stenoteles</th>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D389F8835E84AEE6" box="[478,741,1897,1921]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D165F883582DAEE6" box="[818,1100,1897,1921]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">—</td>
<td id="76D34E7B1D150027D623F883591AAEE6" box="[1140,1403,1897,1921]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">7 × 9</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D15FFD1D290F85B5DF6AE88" blockId="9.[151,1436,1969,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<location id="8EED739E1D15FFD1D290F85B5D76AEAC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B94531D1DFFD3D2C0FAB45DB2A892:8EED739E1D15FFD1D290F85B5D76AEAC" box="[199,279,1969,1995]" country="Australia" latitude="-38.0" name="Finally" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Finally</location>
, three nominal species have poorly-characterized gonophores, but they can be nevertheless excluded on the following grounds:
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D75CD1D16FFD2D2CFFB4F59FCAC4E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732021" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7732021" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732021/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" startId="10.[152,255,1189,1213]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1165]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D16FFD2D2CFFB4F59FCAC4E" blockId="10.[151,1437,1189,1322]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D2CFFB4F5D72ADDA" bold="true" box="[152,275,1189,1213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
. Fixed specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D16FFD2D3A7FB4F5EA1ADDA" authority="Galea, 2023" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[496,704,1189,1213]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D3A7FB4F5EA1ADDA" box="[496,704,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Corymorpha tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D099FB4F5F5BADDA" bold="true" box="[718,826,1189,1213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275442C1D16FFD2D099FB4F5F41ADDA" box="[718,800,1189,1213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A
</emphasis>
. Cross section through the non-papillated part of caulus, to show endodermal canals (arrowheads). 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D079FB235E5EAD86" bold="true" box="[558,575,1225,1249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">B</emphasis>
. Upper part of caulus; note branched endodermal canals and distinct constriction at junction with the hydranth. 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D3E5FB075DA5AC62" bold="true" box="[434,452,1261,1285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">C</emphasis>
. Hydranth with gonophores. 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D0B9FB075F61AC62" bold="true" box="[750,768,1261,1285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">D</emphasis>
. Longitudinal section through a hydranth, to show upper, hollow, digestive cavity, and lower, solid, non-digestive part, both separated by a transverse septum. Scale bar: A = 500 µm; B–D = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D16FFD2D2C0FAB25D76ACDD" blockId="10.[151,1437,1367,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
1) 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D16FFD2D291FAB25DB9AC15" authority="(Clark, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[198,472,1367,1394]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carnea">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D291FAB25D56AC16" box="[198,311,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">C. carnea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D16FFD2D31FFABD5DB1AC15" author="Clark, S. F." box="[328,464,1367,1394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="209 - 238" refId="ref9678" refString="Clark, S. F. (1877) Report on the hydroids collected on the coast of Alaska and the Aleutian Islands, by W. H. Dall, U. S. Coast Survey, and Party, from 1871 to 1874 inclusive. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 28, 209 - 238." type="journal article" year="1877">Clark, 1877</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
—as noted by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D16FFD2D0D4FABD5FDCAC15" author="Schuchert, P." box="[643,957,1367,1394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="337 - 555" refId="ref11590" refString="Schuchert, P. (2010) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Capitata Part 2. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 117 (3), 337 - 555. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 117793" type="journal article" year="2010">Schuchert (2010: 403–404)</bibRefCitation>
, the 
<typeStatus id="54899BE71D16FFD2D1A1FAB25847AC15" box="[1014,1062,1368,1394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">type</typeStatus>
of gonophores produced by this species is unknown with certainty but, with little doubt, this Alaskan hydroid is very unlikely to occur in tropical waters;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D16FFD2D2C0FA2E5FD9AF2E" blockId="10.[151,1437,1367,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
2) 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D16FFD2D291FA2E5E61ACBA" authority="Hirohito, 1988" authorityName="Hirohito" authorityYear="1988" box="[198,512,1475,1502]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sagamina">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D291FA2E5D35ACBA" box="[198,340,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">C. sagamina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D16FFD2D30BFA295E61ACBA" author="Hirohito &amp; Emperor of Showa" box="[348,512,1475,1501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" refId="ref10391" refString="Hirohito [Emperor of Showa] (1988) The hydroids of Sagami Bay. I. Athecata. Publications of the Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Tokyo, 179 pp. [English text]" type="book" year="1988">Hirohito, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
—this species, reportedly yellow in life, with the upper part of the caulus “almost transparent”, has its hydrocauli entirely covered by a perisarc sheath, with no distinct delimitation between the lower, papillary and upper, non-papillary parts (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D16FFD2D0B6F9E15FE7AF41" author="Hirohito &amp; Emperor of Showa" box="[737,902,1547,1574]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" refId="ref10391" refString="Hirohito [Emperor of Showa] (1988) The hydroids of Sagami Bay. I. Athecata. Publications of the Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Tokyo, 179 pp. [English text]" type="book" year="1988">Hirohito 1988</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2A); its occurrence in temperate waters of 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D16FFD2D291F9DA5D67AF2D" box="[198,262,1584,1610]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE0643821D16FFD2D342F9C55D3BAF2D" box="[277,346,1583,1610]" degrees="35" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" precision="55555" value="35.0">35° N</geoCoordinate>
) further supports the distinction with the new species;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D16FFD3D2C0F9BE5898A99E" blockId="10.[151,1437,1367,1898]" lastBlockId="11.[198,1436,150,249]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
3) 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D16FFD2D291F9BE5D89AF09" authority="Ikeda, 1910" authorityName="Ikeda" authorityYear="1910" box="[198,488,1619,1646]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tomoensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D291F9BE5D38AF0A" box="[198,345,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">C. tomoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D16FFD2D335F9B95D89AF09" author="Ikeda, I." box="[354,488,1619,1646]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="130939C01D16FFD2D3ADF9B95E2BAF0A" box="[506,586,1619,1645]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="16.[152,255,766,790]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,743]" captionTargetId="figure-25@16.[151,1435,176,743]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 12. Corymorpha tomoensis Ikeda, 1910, for comparison. A–C. Putative polyps (ca. 4 cm high), in situ, from Kinko Bay, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, corresponding to the original account of the species. D. Putative medusa in the water column above a bottom inhabited by similar polyps, photographed in Osezaki, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. Photo credit: K. Horiguchi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7732037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7732037/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
)—although it shares with 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D16FFD2D128F9BE5F93AF0A" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[895,1010,1620,1646]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D128F9BE5F93AF0A" box="[895,1010,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the same development pattern of the perisarc 
<superScript id="7C47880D1D16FFD2D348F99D5D46AFE2" attach="left" box="[287,295,1655,1669]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">3</superScript>
, it nevertheless differs through the following features: a) its polyps are proportionally bigger (
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D16FFD2D726F99D5C89AFD1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 cm</quantity>
high, caulus 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D16FFD2D329F9765DBAAFD1" box="[382,475,1692,1718]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
wide, hydranth 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D16FFD2D0C5F9765E9CAFD1" box="[658,765,1692,1718]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 mm</quantity>
high) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D16FFD2D119F971586BAFD1" author="Ikeda, I." box="[846,1034,1691,1718]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda 1910: 153</bibRefCitation>
); b) its “ground color is light pink”, and “on the swollen part of the hypostome, on the hydranth-basis, and along the boundary between the nonpapillated upper and the papillated lower regions of the hydrocaulus, a deep pink color with a yellowish tint is prominent. A fine streak of the same color is found on the inner [=adaxial] side of each proximal [=aboral] tentacle” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D16FFD2D36DF8C15D9AAE21" author="Ikeda, I." box="[314,507,1835,1862]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda 1910: 154</bibRefCitation>
); c) its hydranths bear more numerous tentacles (38–40 aboral, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D689F8C65899AE22" box="[1246,1272,1836,1861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">ca</emphasis>
. 70 oral), and the oral whorl is composed of as much as 6–7 verticils (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D16FFD2D110F8A5585EAE0D" author="Ikeda, I." box="[839,1087,1871,1898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda 1910: 154–155</bibRefCitation>
); d) each blastostyle gives rise to 10–15 short branches “which all lie on the outer side of [its] stem in two alternate rows” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D17FFD3D684FF7D59EEA9D6" author="Ikeda, I." box="[1235,1423,150,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda 1910: 155</bibRefCitation>
), while their number does not exceed 
<quantity id="4CCA88A01D17FFD3D003FF515E1FA9B2" box="[596,638,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D17FFD3D0D3FF515E92A9B3" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2023" box="[644,755,187,213]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D17FFD3D0D3FF515E92A9B3" box="[644,755,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">C. tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and their arrangement is, in contrast, irregular; e) it is known from a temperate part of 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D17FFD3D38AFF355E41A99E" box="[477,544,223,249]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Japan</collectingCountry>
, between 32– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0643821D17FFD3D0ECFF355E9FA99E" box="[699,766,223,249]" degrees="34" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="55555" value="34.0">34° N</geoCoordinate>
, and is unlikely to occur between the tropics.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D16FFD2D2C0F86D5889AE9C" blockId="10.[151,1436,1927,2043]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
3 “A close examination reveals the fact that the boundary [between the non-papillated and papillated parts of the caulus] corresponds with the lower (
<emphasis id="B946F9571D16FFD2D390F84C5D82AEDA" box="[455,483,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">sic</emphasis>
, =upper) end of perisarc, which is found in the papillated region” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D16FFD2D6D3F84C594DAEDA" author="Ikeda, I." box="[1156,1324,1957,1982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda 1910: 158</bibRefCitation>
). “The two parts of the hydrocaulus are of a different color and they are also separated from each other by the presence of the perisarc whose development is restricted to the yellow column” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D16FFD2D155F8095F89AE9C" author="Okada, Y. K." box="[770,1000,2019,2043]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="497 - 551" refId="ref11220" refString="Okada, Y. K. (1927) Etudes sur la regeneration chez les coelenteres. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, 66, 497 - 551." type="journal article" year="1927">Okada 1927: 499–500</bibRefCitation>
, translated from French).
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C32876CE1D17FFD3D290FECC5DB2A892" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8D25451D17FFD3D290FECC5DB2A892" blockId="11.[151,1436,294,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D17FFD3D290FECC5D38A827" bold="true" box="[199,345,294,320]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Distribution</emphasis>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D17FFD3D33EFECD5DBBA826" box="[361,474,295,321]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="49F6EBA71D17FFD3D3B0FECD5E77A826" box="[487,534,295,321]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Bali</collectingRegion>
(present study), 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D17FFD3D081FECD5F4BA826" box="[726,810,295,321]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Ambon</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D17FFD3D16DFECD5F83A826" author="Vervoort, W." box="[826,994,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" pagination="759 - 776" refId="ref12034" refString="Vervoort, W. (2009) Corymorpha tomoensis Ikeda, 1910 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa); first record of a corymorphid hydropolyp from Indonesian waters and a review of the species of Corymorpha M. Sars, 1835. Zoologische Meddedelingen, Leiden, 83 (21), 759 - 776." type="journal article" year="2009">Vervoort 2009</bibRefCitation>
, as 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D17FFD3D647FECD5954A826" authority="Ikeda, 1910" authorityName="Ikeda" authorityYear="1910" box="[1040,1333,295,321]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corymorphidae" genus="Corymorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tomoensis">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D17FFD3D647FECD58C3A827" box="[1040,1186,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">C. tomoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D17FFD3D6FCFECD5954A826" author="Ikeda, I." box="[1195,1333,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref10546" refString="Ikeda, I. (1910) On a new species of Corymorpha from Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7 (3), 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="1910">Ikeda, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; C.G. Di Camillo, 
<emphasis id="B946F9571D17FFD3D354FEA15DF1A803" box="[259,400,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">pers. comm.</emphasis>
); photographic material available online (www.flickr.com) shows specimens in Lombok, Komodo (both in the 
<collectingRegion id="49F6EBA71D17FFD3D3CEFE855EEEA8EE" box="[409,655,367,393]" country="Indonesia" name="Nusa Tenggara Timur" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Lesser Sunda Islands</collectingRegion>
) and Weh (off northern 
<collectingRegion id="49F6EBA71D17FFD3D1E6FE855875A8EE" box="[945,1044,367,393]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
). 
<collectingCountry id="F32565D51D17FFD3D67DFE8558CCA8EE" box="[1066,1197,367,393]" name="Philippines" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Philippines</collectingCountry>
: Anilao (fully fertile specimens were perfectly identifiable on underwater photographs entrusted to me by several divers), 
<collectingRegion id="49F6EBA71D17FFD3D75DFE795924A8CA" box="[1290,1349,403,429]" country="Philippines" name="Cebu" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Cebu</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA358B41D17FFD3D703FE795D21A8B6" author="Poppe, G. T. &amp; Poppe, P" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" refId="ref11332" refString="Poppe, G. T. &amp; Poppe, P (2022) Poppe Images, Marine iconography of the Philippine Archipelago. Available from: https: // www. poppe-images. com / index. php / product-category / hydroids / tubulariidae / tubularia-species / (accessed 14 December 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Poppe &amp; Poppe 2022</bibRefCitation>
, as 
<taxonomicName id="4C325EC61D17FFD3D339FE5D5E5AA8B6" box="[366,571,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis id="B946F9571D17FFD3D339FE5D5DBDA8B6" box="[366,476,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Tubularia</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
). Its known latitudinal range is between 8– 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0643821D17FFD3D67BFE5D583DA8B6" box="[1068,1116,439,465]" degrees="9" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="55555" value="-9.0">9° S</geoCoordinate>
and 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0643821D17FFD3D6C0FE5D58BFA8B6" box="[1175,1246,439,465]" degrees="13" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="55555" value="13.0">13° N</geoCoordinate>
, with an evident preference for warm waters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>