191 lines
24 KiB
XML
191 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.1.659" ID-PMC="PMC3174425" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-1-33" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFA3E94B3D10FFC9FFC3FFC4FF803F34" ID-PubMed="22171167" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576059" ModsDocID="1314-2003-1-33" checkinTime="1451252141150" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2010" docId="FA6180FD59A55EAD890FDF0D4068D4CC" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 1: 33-51" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 1" docPubDate="2010-11-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.1.659" docTitle="Solanum verecundum M. Nee 2000" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFA3E94B3D10FFC9FFC3FFC4FF803F34" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFA3E94B3D10FFC9FFC3FFC4FF803F34" masterDocTitle="New species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from Peru and Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1668139530278" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from Peru and Ecuador</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>London</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2010-11-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>33</mods:start>
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<mods:end>52</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.1.659</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.1.659</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-1-33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFA3E94B3D10FFC9FFC3FFC4FF803F34</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576059</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" type="multiple">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229590" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA6180FD59A55EAD890FDF0D4068D4CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FA6180FD59A55EAD890FDF0D4068D4CC" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName LSID="FA6180FD-59A5-5EAD-890F-DF0D4068D4CC" authority="M. Nee" authorityName="M. Nee" authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum verecundum" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verecundum">Solanum verecundum M.Nee</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Isotype specimen of Solanum verecundum M. Nee. (Jaramillo et al. 13258, NY [NY 00381798]). Specimen image reproduced with the permission of The C. V. Starr Virtual Herbarium of The New York Botanical Garden (http: // sciweb. nybg. org / science 2 / VirtualHerbarium. asp)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9846" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="41" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="41">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">Ecuador:</emphasis>
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Sucumbios: El Salado, colecciones en el sendero a la finca del Sr. Segundo Pacheco, 1400 m, 13 October 1990, J. Jaramillo, E. Grijalva & M. Grijalva 13285 (holotype: QCA; isotype: NY! [NY00381798]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="41">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
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Shrub to small tree, 4-14 m tall. Stems densely pubescent with persistent short-stalked porrect -stellate to somewhat peltate trichomes 0.2-0.3 mm in
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="42" start="start">diameter</pageBreakToken>
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, the rays 10-12, fused for less than half their length, the midpoint sometimes a short stub to 0.5 mm long; new growth densely pubescent with porrect-stellate trichomes like those of the stems, these drying pale golden-brown. Bark of older stems reddish gold from the persistent trichomes. Sympodial units plurifoliate, the branching dichasial. Leaves simple, 6-19 cm long, 2-10 cm wide, elliptic or narrowly elliptic, membranous or chartaceous, discolorous ("silvery beneath" fide Bohs 3361), the upper surfaces moderately and evenly pubescent with sessile and short-stalked porrect-stellate trichomes with up to 15 rays, the rays fused only in their lower part near the midpoint, the midpoint to 0.2 mm long, the lamina visible, the lower surfaces densely pubescent with short-stalked porrect-stellate trichomes to 0.4 mm in diameter with up to 16 rays, the rays fused only in the center, the midpoint to 0.05 mm long, the lamina not visible; primary veins 12-15 pairs, not markedly impressed above, densely covered by pubescence beneath; base acute to somewhat attenuate onto the petiole; margins entire, plane; apex acute to acuminate; petioles 1-1-3(-4) cm long, densely pubescent with porrect-stellate to peltate trichomes like those of the stems. Inflorescences terminal, 7-10 cm long, many times branched, with 100+ flowers, densely pubescent with porrect-stellate to peltate trichomes like those of the stems; peduncle 2-5 cm long; pedicels 5-6 mm long, 1-1.5 mm in diameter at the base, ca.1.5 mm in diameter at the apex, stout, nodding at anthesis, densely pubescent like the inflorescence axes, articulated at the base; pedicel scars closely and more or less regularly spaced ca. 1 mm apart. Buds globose, the corolla strongly exserted from the calyx tube just before anthesis. Flowers all perfect, 5-merous. Calyx tube 1-1.5 mm long, cup-shaped, narrowing gradually to the pedicel, the lobes 1-1.5 mm long, deltate, abaxially densely pubescent with porrect-stellate to slightly peltate trichomes like those of the inflorescence, the adaxial surface sparsely pubescent with sessile porrect-stellate trichomes. Corolla 1-1.2 cm in diameter, white, stellate, lobed ca.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
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of the way to the base, the lobes 4-5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, reflexed at anthesis, the tips and margins densely pubescent on the abaxial surface with porrect-stellate trichomes with ca. 10 rays like those of the inflorescence, the adaxial surface glabrous, the tips and margins with a few sessile porrect-stellate trichomes. Filament tube minute, the free portion of the filaments ca. 1 mm long, glabrous; anthers 2.5-3 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, ellipsoidal, loosely connivent, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores lengthening to slits with age. Ovary densely pubescent with multangulate to porrect-stellate trichomes; style 6-6.5 mm long, densely pubescent along its entire length with porrect-stellate 4-6-rayed trichomes ca. 0.2 mm long, the midpoints elongate and equal to the rays; stigma capitate, the surface minutely papillose. Fruit a globose berry, 0.5-1 cm in diameter, bright orange when ripe, the pericarp thin, not shiny, unevenly pubescent with multangulate trichomes with rays of many varying lengths, appearing scurfy; fruiting pedicels 0.9-1 cm long, 1.5-2 mm in diameter at the base, woody, erect. Seeds>100 per berry, 1-1.5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, flattened-reniform, pale golden-yellow, the surfaces minutely pitted, the testal cells square.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9846" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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Isotype specimen of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Nee" authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verecundum">Solanum verecundum</taxonomicName>
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M.Nee. (Jaramillo et al. 13258, NY [NY00381798]). Specimen image reproduced with the permission of The C. V. Starr Virtual Herbarium of The New York Botanical Garden (http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/VirtualHerbarium.asp).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Along the eastern slopes of the Andes from northern Ecuador to southern Peru (to the Department of Cuzco; see Nee, 2000 for a distribution map).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="43" start="start">Ecology</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Nee" authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verecundum">Solanum verecundum</taxonomicName>
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occurs in premontane and montane forests, primarily in secondary growth ("purma") and along roads, from 1200-2000 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="preliminary conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Nee" authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verecundum">Solanum verecundum</taxonomicName>
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is a relatively common species with a broad distribution along the eastern slopes of the Andes and can be considered of Least Concern (
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<bibRefCitation author="IUCN Species Survival Commision," journalOrPublisher="Caldasia" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" refId="B9" refString="IUCN Species Survival Commision, , 2001. IUCN Red List Categories: Version 3.1. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge." title="IUCN Red List Categories: Version 3.1. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge." year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Ecuador:</emphasis>
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Napo: road Baeza-Tena, 8 km from Baeza, towards
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Cosanga, 1800-1900 m, 0°31'S, 77°50'W, 28 October 1976, H. Balslev & E. Madsen 10400 (BM [BM000935121]). Zamora-Chinchipe: road between El Progreso and Guaramizal, ca. halfway to Guaramizal, 1430 m, 4°48.23S, 79°07.26W, 28 March 2005, L. Bohs, J.L. Clark, J.R. Bennett, N.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
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et al. 3324 (BM [BM000846206]);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
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Chinchipe, Parroquia Zumba, trail from Guaramizal to cabin of Sandy
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<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
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, W of Escuela Byron
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jiménez">Jimenez</normalizedToken>
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, just S of Las Pircas, 1600 m, 4°46.21S, 79°10.36W, 30 March 2005, L. Bohs, J.L. Clark, J.R. Bennett, N.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
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et al. 3361 (BM [BM000846204]);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
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Valladolid, Parroquia Valladolid, road between Valladolid and El Porvenir del Carmen, close to Tapala, 1600-1680 m, 4°32.45S, 79°06.08W, 1 April 2005, L. Bohs, J.L. Clark, J.R. Bennett &N.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
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3381 (BM [BM000846226]); Palanda, region de la Cordillera del Condor, Parroquia San Francisco de Vergel, riberas del
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Vergel, entre Santa Rosa y La Canela, 1200 m, 4°39.07S, 79°01.41W, 6 March 2007, W. Quizhpe & A. Wisum 2492 (BM [BM000943415]). Peru. Cajamarca: Prov. San Ignacio, San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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de Lourdes, entre
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Camaná">Camana</normalizedToken>
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y Santo
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tomás">Tomas</normalizedToken>
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, 1800-1870 m, 5°01.00S, 78°52'W, 8 April 1997, J. Campos & S. Corrales 3801 (BM [BM000846199]); Prov. San Ignacio, San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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de Lourdes, caserio Rumichina, 1679 m, 5°49.09S, 78°17.04W, 30 June 2006, J. Perea & V. Flores 2508 (BM [BM000943431]).
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
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: Prov. Ambo, 38 km from Tingo Maria, between Tingo Maria and Pucallpa, 1680 m, 4 August 1978, J. Aronson & P. Berry 618 (BM [BM000795484]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
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As mentioned above, the original description of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Nee" authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verecundum">Solanum verecundum</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Nee, M" journalOrPublisher="Kurtziana" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" pagination="137 - 140" refId="B19" refString="Nee, M, 2000. A new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from Peru and Ecuador. Kurtziana 28: 137 - 140" title="A new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from Peru and Ecuador." volume="28" year="2000">Nee 2000</bibRefCitation>
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) included one specimen here segregated as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Knapp" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oxapampense">Solanum oxapampense</taxonomicName>
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. The taxa differ in a suite of characters, detailed above in the discussion of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Knapp" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oxapampense">Solanum oxapampense</taxonomicName>
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, but are easy to distinguish by leaf morphology; the leaves of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Knapp" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oxapampense">Solanum oxapampense</taxonomicName>
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are coriaceous and shiny above while those of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Nee" authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verecundum">Solanum verecundum</taxonomicName>
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are membranous or chartaceous and pubescent above. These stellate trichomes cause the leaves to be asperous to the touch on dry specimens. The stellate trichomes of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Nee" authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verecundum">Solanum verecundum</taxonomicName>
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, while somewhat peltate like those of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Knapp" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oxapampense">Solanum oxapampense</taxonomicName>
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, never have the rays fused for more than half their length, and always bear midpoints, even if these are quite tiny.
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<bibRefCitation author="Nee, M" journalOrPublisher="Kurtziana" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" pagination="137 - 140" refId="B19" refString="Nee, M, 2000. A new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from Peru and Ecuador. Kurtziana 28: 137 - 140" title="A new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from Peru and Ecuador." volume="28" year="2000">Nee (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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pointed out the morphological similarity between
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Nee" authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verecundum">Solanum verecundum</taxonomicName>
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and the similarly widespread
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dun" authorityYear="1816" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lepidotum">Solanum lepidotum</taxonomicName>
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Dunal and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walp" authorityYear="1844" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schlechtendalianum">Solanum schlechtendalianum</taxonomicName>
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Walp. The latter two taxa have more lateral inflorescences that are not borne on erect peduncles.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dun" authorityYear="1816" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lepidotum">Solanum lepidotum</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walp" authorityYear="1844" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schlechtendalianum">Solanum schlechtendalianum</taxonomicName>
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show a similar pattern of hair diversity to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Nee" authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verecundum">Solanum verecundum</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Knapp" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oxapampense">Solanum oxapampense</taxonomicName>
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; each species pair has one member with porrect-stellate trichomes with the rays not fused (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walp" authorityYear="1844" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schlechtendalianum">Solanum schlechtendalianum</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Nee" authorityYear="2000" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verecundum">Solanum verecundum</taxonomicName>
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) and one with peltate trichomes (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Humb. & Bonpl. ex Dun" authorityYear="1816" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lepidotum">Solanum lepidotum</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Knapp" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oxapampense">Solanum oxapampense</taxonomicName>
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). Taxonomists working with primarily morphological data have traditionally recognised different sub-groupings for taxa with stellate and peltate trichomes (
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<bibRefCitation author="Seithe, A" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" pagination="261 - 336" refId="B27" refString="Seithe, A, 1962. Die Haararten der Gattung Solanum L. und ihre taxonomische Verwertung. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 81: 261 - 336" title="Die Haararten der Gattung Solanum L. und ihre taxonomische Verwertung." volume="81" year="1962">Seithe 1962</bibRefCitation>
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), but molecular data (
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) suggest a more complex situation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</subSection>
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</document> |