211 lines
17 KiB
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211 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.195.2342" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4882baaf-3747-4865-87e1-49e725955118" ID-PMC="PMC3361087" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-195-1" ID-PubMed="22679386" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-195-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 195" ModsDocTitle="The velvet spiders: an atlas of the Eresidae (Arachnida, Araneae)" checkinTime="1451249010182" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Miller, Jeremy A., Griswold, Charles E., Scharff, Nikolaj, Řezac, Milan, Szűts, Tamas & Marhabaie, Mohammad" docDate="2012" docId="840069861772CA8279786E7E9BB59213" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 195: 1-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 195" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.195.2342" docTitle="Stegodyphus sarasinorum Karsch" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="92" masterDocId="FFABFFD09B65FF5EFFA6FFE4FFE1FFC2" masterDocTitle="The velvet spiders: an atlas of the Eresidae (Arachnida, Araneae)" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="89" updateTime="1668153919305" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The velvet spiders: an atlas of the Eresidae (Arachnida, Araneae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Miller, Jeremy A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Griswold, Charles E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Scharff, Nikolaj</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Řezac, Milan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Szűts, Tamas</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Marhabaie, Mohammad</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>195</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>144</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.195.2342</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.195.2342</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-195-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152035671" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:840069861772CA8279786E7E9BB59213" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/840069861772CA8279786E7E9BB59213" lastPageId="92" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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<subSubSection pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stegodyphus_sarasinorum" authority="Karsch" class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus sarasinorum" order="Araneae" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="88" pageNumber="89" start="start">Stegodyphus</pageBreakToken>
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sarasinorum Karsch
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</taxonomicName>
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Figs 11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–L">I-L</normalizedToken>
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15I, L18I, L89-95
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus sarasinorum" order="Araneae" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">Stegodyphus sarasinorum</taxonomicName>
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Karsch, 1891: 275, pl. 10, fig. 4; 209, fig. 65;
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<bibRefCitation author="Bradoo, BL" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Monthly Magazine" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="239 - 247" title="The sexual biology and morphology of the reproductive organs of Stegodyphus sarasinorum Karsch (Araneae: Eresidae)." volume="111" year="1975">Bradoo 1975</bibRefCitation>
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: 239, figs 9, 11;
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<bibRefCitation author="Tikader, BK" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Zoological Survey of India Occasional Papers" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 149" title="Spider fauna of Calcutta and vicinity: Part-I." volume="30" year="1981">Tikader and Biswas 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 15, figs 5-7;
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<bibRefCitation author="Wunderlich, J" journalOrPublisher="Erich Bauer Verlag bei Quelle and Meyer, Wiesbaden" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" title="Spinnenfauna gestern und heute." year="1986">Wunderlich 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 208, fig. 199;
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<bibRefCitation author="Kraus, O" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen naturwissenschaften vereins Hamburg (NF)" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="151 - 254" title="The genus Stegodyphus (Arachnida, Araneae). Sibling species, species groups, and parallel origins of social living." volume="30" year="1988">Kraus and Kraus 1988</bibRefCitation>
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: 204, figs 21-27, 103, 110, 117, 120, 125, 139-141;
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<bibRefCitation author="Gajbe, UA" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="419 - 540" title="Araneae: Arachnida. In Fauna of Madhya Pradesh (including Chhattisgarh), State Fauna Series." volume="15" year="2007">Gajbe 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 428, figs 16-19.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="91" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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Male (7.5 km E PwintPhyu, Myanmar, CASENT 9019370, CAS): Carapace with few white setae, cephalic region subtriangular, longer than wide, moderately raised; AME nearly as large as PME (AME/PME 0.87), median eyes separated on horizontal axis, largely overlapping on vertical axis; ALE on small tubercles; PER much narrower than AER (PER/AER 0.86), PLE position on carapace 0.24; clypeal hood forms acute angle; fovea shallow. Chelicerae with lateral boss, slightly excavated mesally, with a single large keel-like tooth bearing denticles on the ectal side. Legs with numerous white setae; leg I somewhat thickened and elongated; with distal ventral
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<pageBreakToken pageId="89" pageNumber="90" start="start">macrosetae</pageBreakToken>
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on tibia
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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, row of distal ventral macrosetae on metatarsus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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plus scattered ventral macrosetae on metatarsus and tarsus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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. Abdomen with numerous white setae (Figs 11I, J, 89
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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Male palp with proximal-distal axis; cymbium slightly excavated retrobasally; conductor and embolus together form apical complex making more than one helical turn;
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<pageBreakToken pageId="90" pageNumber="91" start="start">conductor</pageBreakToken>
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moderately sclerotized, tegular division longer than embolic division; cymbium with several prolateral macrosetae (Figs 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="J–L">J-L</normalizedToken>
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, 89I, J, 90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="91" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
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Female (7.5 km E PwintPhyu, Myanmar, CASENT 9019370, CAS):Carapace with numerous white setae, cephalic region subtriangular, longer than wide, slightly raised; AME nearly as large as PME (AME/PME 0.84), median eyes separated on horizontal axis, largely overlapping on vertical axis; ALE on small tubercles; PER much
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<pageBreakToken pageId="91" pageNumber="92" start="start">narrower</pageBreakToken>
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than AER (0.86), PLE position on carapace 0.24; clypeal hood forms acute angle; fovea shallow. Chelicerae contiguous mesally, with lateral boss. Legs with numerous white setae; with pair of distal ventral macrosetae on metatarsus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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, scattered ventral macrosetae on tibia III and metatarsus and tarsus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="III–IV">III-IV</normalizedToken>
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. Abdomen with numerous white setae (Figs 11K, L, 89
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
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, 91A, B, D, E).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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Epigynum with slit-like atria that converge then briefly diverge near anterior limit, occupying nearly the total length, anteriomedian part with moderate notch-shaped invagination, anteriolateral margin a moderate curved ridge (Figs 18I, 93A). Vulva with spermathecal heads on long sinuous stalks leading to multilobed spermathecae posteriorly (Figs 18L, 93
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–E">B-E</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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<paragraph pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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Figure 89.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–J">A-J</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus sarasinorum" order="Araneae" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">Stegodyphus sarasinorum</taxonomicName>
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from 7.5 km E PwintPhyu, Magway Division, Myanmar (CASENT 9019370, CAS).
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D,I–J">A-D,I-J</normalizedToken>
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male, images reversed
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
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female
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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habitus of male, photomicrographs
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
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habitus of female, photomicrographs I, J illustrations of left male palp A, E dorsal view B, F ventral view C, G anterior view D, H lateral view I prolateral view J retrolateral view. C conductor E embolus T tegulum.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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<paragraph pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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Figure 90.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus sarasinorum" order="Araneae" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">Stegodyphus sarasinorum</taxonomicName>
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male from 7.5 km E PwintPhyu, Magway Division, Myanmar (CASENT 9019370, CAS), scanning electron micrographs of right palp, images reversed to appear as left palp. A prolateral view B retrolateral view C ventral view D ventral-apical view E apical view F palpal tibia, dorsal view. C conductor E embolus ST subtegulum T tegulum.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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<paragraph pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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Figure 91.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus sarasinorum" order="Araneae" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">Stegodyphus sarasinorum</taxonomicName>
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female from 7.5 km E PwintPhyu, Magway Division, Myanmar (CASENT 9019370, CAS), scanning electron micrographs of prosoma and chelicerae. A Prosoma, anterior view, left chelicera removed, arrow indicates clypeal hood B prosoma, dorsal view C sternum, ventral view D left chelicerae, ectal view E left cheliceral boss F distal part of left chelicera showing fang and teeth.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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<paragraph pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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Figure 92.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus sarasinorum" order="Araneae" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">Stegodyphus sarasinorum</taxonomicName>
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, scanning electron micrographs of female from 7.5 km E PwintPhyu, Magway Division, Myanmar (CASENT 9019370, CAS). A tarsal organ indicated by arrow, left leg I B trichobothrium, left metatarsus I C tarsal claws, left legI retrolateral view D calamistrum, left metatarsus IV E detail of calamistrum setae F left female palp, retrolateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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<paragraph pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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Figure 93.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus sarasinorum" order="Araneae" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">Stegodyphus sarasinorum</taxonomicName>
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from 7.5 km E PwintPhyu, Magway Division, Myanmar (CASENT 9019370, CAS), scanning electron micrographs.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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female F male A epigynum, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view C vulva, dorsolateral view D detail of spermatheca E detail of spermathecal head F epiandrous gland spigots. FD fertilization duct ML median lobe S spermatheca SH spermathecal head.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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<paragraph pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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Figure 94.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus sarasinorum" order="Araneae" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">Stegodyphus sarasinorum</taxonomicName>
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, scanning electron micrographs of spinnerets of female from 7.5 km E PwintPhyu, Magway Division, Myanmar (CASENT 9019370, CAS). A overview B right ALS C left PMS D right PLS E cribellum F cribellar spigots. Unlabeled spigots in C thought to be a mixture of aciniform gland spigots and cylindrical gland spigots. AC aciniform gland spigot ALS anterior lateral spinneret CR cribellum MAP major ampullate gland spigot mAP minor ampullate gland spigot MS modified spigot n nubbin PI piriform gland spigot PLS posterior lateral spinneret PMS posterior median spinneret t tartipore.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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<paragraph pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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Figure 95.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eresidae" genus="Stegodyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegodyphus sarasinorum" order="Araneae" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">Stegodyphus sarasinorum</taxonomicName>
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, spinnerets of male from 7.5 km E PwintPhyu, Magway Division, Myanmar (CASENT 9019370, CAS). A overview B right ALS C right PMS D right PLS E detail of modified spigot on right PLS F vestigial cribellum. AC aciniform gland spigot ALS anterior lateral spinneret MAP major ampullate gland spigot mAP minor ampullate gland spigot MS modified spigot PI piriform gland spigot PLS posterior lateral spinneret PMS posterior median spinneret t tartipore.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="92" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="spinneret spigot morphology">
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<paragraph pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Spinneret spigot morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="92" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
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Female ALS with at least 7 MAP within and on inner edge of spinning field of more the 90 PI and many small tartipores (Fig. 94B); male with at least 1 MAP on inner margin and 3 more within spinning field of about
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<pageBreakToken pageId="92" pageNumber="93" start="start">50</pageBreakToken>
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PI (Fig. 95B). Female PMS with 1 central mAP spigot, a large anterior spigot (probably CY) flanked by 2 large tartipores, and 30 smaller spigots scattered from anterior to posterior (Fig. 94C); male PMS with 1 central mAP and about 9 AC, suggesting that the additional spigots on the female may comprise AC and CY spigots (Fig. 95C). Female PLS with anterobasal MS and 1 accompanying spigot and distal field of more than 35 AC (Fig. 94D); male MS with 2 flanking spigots, also with about 35 AC (Fig. 95D, E). Male cribellar plate with no sign of spigots (Fig. 95F); numerous epiandrous gland spigots present (Fig. 93F).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |