181 lines
18 KiB
XML
181 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e5e47a0-f8f3-4039-b0e1-c159fef0b9f6" ID-PMC="PMC4714384" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-544-1" ID-PubMed="26798289" ID-ZBK="C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-544-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 544" ModsDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" checkinTime="1451243640953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2015" docId="7DCB2BB24DE924632869E6EF962B8732" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 544: 1-407" docOrigin="ZooKeys 544" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" docTitle="Mecyclothorax ovipennis Sharp" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="124" masterDocId="FF92FFC2FF9FFFC7191EFFB8FF91AF5D" masterDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" masterLastPageNumber="407" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="122" updateTime="1668162300918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>544</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>407</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-544-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853592" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DCB2BB24DE924632869E6EF962B8732" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7DCB2BB24DE924632869E6EF962B8732" lastPageId="123" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
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<subSubSection pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
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(047)
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<taxonomicName authority="Sharp" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ovipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovipennis">Mecyclothorax ovipennis Sharp</taxonomicName>
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Figs 61
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
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, 62B, 63B, 65A, 66
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="122" pageNumber="123" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ovipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovipennis">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="122" pageNumber="123" start="start">Mecyclothorax</pageBreakToken>
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ovipennis
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</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Sharp, D" editor="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="The University Press, Cambridge" pageId="310" pageNumber="311" pagination="175 - 292" title="Coleoptera II. Caraboidea." volumeTitle="Fauna Hawaiiensis" year="1903">Sharp 1903</bibRefCitation>
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: 250;
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<bibRefCitation author="Britton, EB" journalOrPublisher="Bishop Museum" pageId="307" pageNumber="308" pagination="107 - 166" title="A revision of the Hawaiian species of Mecyclothorax (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Occasional Papers of the Bernice P." volume="19" year="1948 b">Britton 1948b</bibRefCitation>
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: 145;
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<bibRefCitation author="Swezey, OH" journalOrPublisher="The Hawaiian Botanical Society and The Hawaiian Entomological Society, Honolulu" pageId="310" pageNumber="311" title="Forest Entomology in Hawaii: An annotated check-list of the insect faunas of the various components of the Hawaiian forests" year="1954">Swezey 1954</bibRefCitation>
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: 27, 53 (biology);
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<bibRefCitation author="Liebherr, JK" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="309" pageNumber="310" pagination="97 - 128" title="New species of Mecyclothorax (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Psydrini) from Polipoli, Maui define an area of endemism on Haleakala Volcano, Hawaii." url="10.1664/0028-7199(2005)113" volume="113" year="2005 b">Liebherr 2005b</bibRefCitation>
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: 109.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="122" pageNumber="123" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
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Among
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā">Haleakala</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 65A), this is most similar to the preceding,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax strigosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strigosus">Mecyclothorax strigosus</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 60D) based on the well-developed eyes, ocular ratio = 1.55-1.61 and ocular lobe ratio = 0.84-0.89, plus basally constricted pronotum and ellipsoid elytra. They can be separated by the setal conformation, with this species characterized by a quadrisetose pronotum, and presence of the apical elytral seta; setal formula 2 2 2 1[ae]. This species is characterized by the same setal formula as
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax flaviventris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviventris">Mecyclothorax flaviventris</taxonomicName>
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, but individuals of that species exhibit punctate discal striae (Fig. 68C). Standardized body length 3.7-4.9 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
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<paragraph pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
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Figure 65.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ovipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovipennis">Mecyclothorax ovipennis</taxonomicName>
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group species, dorsal habitus view. A
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ovipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovipennis">Mecyclothorax ovipennis</taxonomicName>
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(Kīpahulu, 1800 m) B
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax takumiae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takumiae">Mecyclothorax takumiae</taxonomicName>
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(Paliku, 1950 m) C
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax apicalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Mecyclothorax apicalis</taxonomicName>
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(summit, 2895-3050 m) D
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax parapicalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapicalis">Mecyclothorax parapicalis</taxonomicName>
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(Holua, 2135 m).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="123" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" type="identification">
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<paragraph pageId="122" pageNumber="123">Identification</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
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(n = 5). The pronotum is very cordate in this species, MPW/BPW = 1.46-1.59, with the lateral margin subparallel to convergent for 0.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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the pronotal length anterad the projected, right to acute hind angles. The pronotum appears elongate, but is actually slightly transverse; MPW/PL = 1.08-1.21. The surface of the pronotal disc, and anterior transverse impression and associated callosity are irregularly wrinkled. Of the elytral striae, only sutural stria 1 is moderately deep basally, with elongate punctures that expand the stria basally, the stria smooth and deep apically. Striae 2-4 are shallower on the disc, striae 5-7 progressively shallower, and striae 6-7 discontinuous. At the elytral apex, stria 2 is of subequal depth to the sutural stria, fused striae 3 + 4 and 7 are present, and the apices of striae 5 and 6 are shallow but traceable. The vertex bears isodiametric and transverse sculpticells in transverse rows, the transverse sculpticells 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3×">-3x</normalizedToken>
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broad as long. The pronotal and elytral discs are covered with transverse-mesh microsculpture, sculpticell breadth 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3×">-3x</normalizedToken>
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length; the pronotal base has a shallow transverse mesh between glossy portions of the cuticle.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="123" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="122" pageNumber="123">
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Male genitalia (n = 8). Aedeagal median lobe gracile, distance between parameral articulation and tip 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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depth at midlength (Fig. 61C); apex well extended beyond apex of ostial opening, dorsal surface of projection broadly convex, then flattened dorsad
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<pageBreakToken pageId="123" pageNumber="124" start="start">tightly</pageBreakToken>
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rounded tip, ventral margin slightly concave due to downward curvature of tip (Figs 61
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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); median lobe not curved in ventral view, though left margin distinctly incurved to apical extension, and right margin concave before apex (Fig. 61E); internal sac broader near flagellar plate, covered with well-developed pelage of microspicules, the spicules densest on ventral surface forming a poorly developed ventral ostial microtrichial patch (Fig. 61D); flagellar plate moderately elongate, length 0.42
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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parameral articulation-tip distance.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix columnar, subdivided into broader basal portion and slightly narrower apical lobe, overall length 0.91 mm, breadth 0.31 mm (Fig. 62B); bursal walls diaphanous, very thin and with indistinct wrinkles; gonocoxite 1 with 4-5 apical fringe setae, a curved seta just basad apicomedial angle, and 8-10 smaller setae on medial margin, setae subequally divided between ventral and dorsal surfaces (Fig. 63B); gonocoxite 2 falcate with tightly rounded apex, base extended laterally into sinuous panhandle, 2 subequal lateral ensiform setae, apical nematiform setae on medial surface at 0.68
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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gonocoxite length.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="lectotype">
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<paragraph pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Lectotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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Female (BMNH) designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Liebherr, JK" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="309" pageNumber="310" pagination="97 - 128" title="New species of Mecyclothorax (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Psydrini) from Polipoli, Maui define an area of endemism on Haleakala Volcano, Hawaii." url="10.1664/0028-7199(2005)113" volume="113" year="2005 b">Liebherr (2005b</bibRefCitation>
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: 110). Type locality Haleakala, 4500-6000 ft., III-1894 (R.C.L.P. lot 383;
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<bibRefCitation author="Anonymous," journalOrPublisher="Dept. of Entomology Library, The Natural History Museum, London" pageId="307" pageNumber="308" title="Key to numbers & localities of Mr. Perkins' Hawaiian insects" year="N D">Anonymous N D</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="distribution and habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ovipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovipennis">Mecyclothorax ovipennis</taxonomicName>
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is among the most broadly distributed
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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species on
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā">Haleakala</normalizedToken>
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(Fig. 66). It requires, at the minimum, mesic forest conditions, being isolated at Polipoli Springs on the Kula face. It occurs along the eastern margin of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā">Haleakala</normalizedToken>
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Crater where mesic forest occurs. It is also at home in wetter forest situations throughout Waikamoi,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hanawī">Hanawī</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hāna">Hana</normalizedToken>
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Bogs,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kīpahulu">Kīpahulu</normalizedToken>
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Valley, and the Manawainui Planeze. It has been collected in habitats ranging 880-2134 m elevation. It has been found in association with a great diversity of plant species, including ferns (
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplenium" order="Polypodiales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Asplenium</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Cibotiaceae" genus="Cibotium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cibotium" order="Cyatheales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cibotium</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Dicranopteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dicranopteris" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Dicranopteris</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Blechnaceae" genus="Sadleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sadleria" order="Polypodiales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Sadleria</taxonomicName>
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), herbaceous secondarily woody shrubs (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coprosma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coprosma" order="Gentianales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Coprosma</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Scyphozoa" family="Cyaneidae" genus="Cyanea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyanea" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Cyanea</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Myrsine" order="Ericales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Myrsine</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rubus" order="Rosales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rubus</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Vaccinium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vaccinium" order="Ericales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Vaccinium</taxonomicName>
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) and emergent trees (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="koa" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" rank="species" species="koa">koa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘ōhi‘a">'ōhi'a</normalizedToken>
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). It is also commonly encountered in sifted litter.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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<paragraph pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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Figure 66. Recorded geographic distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ovipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovipennis">Mecyclothorax ovipennis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |