313 lines
40 KiB
XML
313 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="28237" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e6b7983e-dc70-447a-bb89-c93b74d6f249" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-53-77" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" ID-ZBK="989B7FE41F5048A784148D0AF4F4C064" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575132" ID-ZooBank="989B7FE41F5048A784148D0AF4F4C064" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2607-53-77" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research " ModsDocTitle="New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non-Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)" checkinTime="1553125490764" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tang, Chang-Ti, Miko, Istvan, Nicholls, James A., Schweger, Szabina, Yang, Man-Miao, Stone, Graham N., Sinclair, Frazer, Bozso, Miklos, Melika, George & Penzes, Zsolt" docDate="2016" docId="7D2F6C1FBB3B5F1B9565389E0A289540" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 53: 77-162" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 53" docPubDate="2016-12-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890" docTitle="Dryocosmus liyingi Melika & Tang 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="1CFE5699-CBF1-4901-B799-785B5872FE5B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" lastPageNumber="130" masterDocId="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" masterDocTitle="New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non- Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="77" pageNumber="123" updateTime="1732741174302" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="65D13ABA12A4188379D424B701ADA603">
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<mods:title id="9792A2D13392407DC71229A0034948A7">New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non- Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="115B644E3E78242919F7B071E33A6FAC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D7280C6DE17A77C1BE4CC49638953E06">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="699DE34D3835FCA2FD7190505A3F0D56">Tang, Chang-Ti</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C9DF21415744AEB3ADD87CEA1FE62FF3">Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C91606E681E45D86B86124BEB174E86E">Miko, Istvan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ECFB84B06969CBE363A704FAD555CC4C">Pennsylvania State University, Department of Entomology, Frost Entomological Museum, PA, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6E60F160A243CAE7BAA92AC338643592">Nicholls, James A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6B037ED925F7F1ECFEDECF37E904DB3F">Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="536B45AD928D669E03E9A7901FD10647" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="025E12439A775C8512E6C41562B1DA5F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="941C22757976FE15E8A01B143AFA031E">Schweger, Szabina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9F7F6E465B3A6BB1EEE65F0393F7FD11">University of Szeged, Department of Ecology, Koezep fasor 52 Szeged, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7830EBBB02AB29266B4593F4557C1C1E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DF02A4DAD20616BB5892F42B41EA5899">Yang, Man-Miao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="34706111FBAFDE71DB7262F4E8F90EA7">Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="1E806846FC012744C44606CB1F8CA2CF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="CD4843E2C91BF7EC813280AE0A37D644">Stone, Graham N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E1B1159410A8335D672FD5A708D16E5E">Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="DBC526C6C1CE9F0FF929F1C51A4D9E95" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="ABC849AD6B949C145B4BE0050422B3BA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="18F77905AF4D75B45C8579CF97066A3F">Sinclair, Frazer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0307F8912408E1D504D4BFC3867C7F47">Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="C32117D11AF09F478EDEE83DC6DBE275" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B21B91585C280A783CC60ED84354C818">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6E65F9B92D53C4596B3B345544C10FBD">Bozso, Miklos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8559D7853DC223C89DB3BC1B0798BB83">Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Budaoersi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="046725691E3EE3FD348E121B8EB029FE">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1FE5FD32BFE1CF1441471206FF8CABA4">Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Budaoersi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="3807328ADF03945B772345342A98B1F4">Penzes, Zsolt</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AA6DB5A5424647F57555B5505E19264D">University of Szeged, Department of Ecology, Koezep fasor 52 Szeged, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="48E98B34E122E6124CF323922BDE1AEE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="49C1E10CC986B5C9BF878D1A380E1AD2">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A5C1C6330D6541DA0692BE762C55507D">
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<mods:date id="31738317AF9F065B38C662B5449EFEB5">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B68433A2D74B74ACEEE130BB4C73AF94">2016-12-19</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="BE93A7AE2F66DDB3813C7976837686F2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B8143D2CF9A7CD2669FFF8F15D46F443">53</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="1921A4CC6B410B8DB53BFF02D5B1DA77">77</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="FF0322D375D627CA50B4E1C3B0C0884B">162</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="F2F21C54474B81C2D75AF8D2899CE8BF">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="37A3830FE9406D6035C35CCE7B713FAB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B30A13C4DC9B55F2E3914FA4C207B3D9" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="430FE0675EA6D2B4CF3FF50FA36FBFEE" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-53-77</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BA6713293A988D39BBD0289C3B4FC575" type="Zenodo-Dep">575132</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7D2F6C1FBB3B5F1B9565389E0A289540" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473348" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1CFE5699-CBF1-4901-B799-785B5872FE5B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D2F6C1FBB3B5F1B9565389E0A289540" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="46" pageNumber="123" scope_family="Cynipidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="68AAA5791B576FC6FD278C21EA48C003" pageId="46" pageNumber="123" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="43B240267357C161CE4DD71377EAC365" pageId="46" pageNumber="123">
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<taxonomicName id="8616FE081ABA3A8AE14A7F9DAE8E6E3D" LSID="http://zoobank.org/1CFE5699-CBF1-4901-B799-785B5872FE5B" authority="Melika & Tang" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus liyingi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyingi" status="sp. n.">Dryocosmus liyingi Melika &Tang</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="98AAC2F51B927CB03892DDE4874C1324" pageId="46" pageNumber="123">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="83366B2A498A1FF63ED8F3C9C3C3F890" captionStart="Figures 105–112" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 105 - 112. Dryocosmus liyingi sp. n. 105 - 108 head, female: 105 frontal view 106 dorsal view 107 posterior view 108 lateral view 109 - 110 head, male: 109 frontal view 110 dorsal view 111 - 112 antenna: 111 female 112 male." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures105-112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115559" pageId="46" pageNumber="123">Figures 105-112</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7B65D14098AB3FE60DDB15CFCDD16A03" captionStart="Figures 113–117" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figures 113 - 117. Dryocosmus liyingi, female, sp. n. 113 mesosoma, lateral view 114 pronotum and propleuron, frontal view 115 mesoscutum, dorsal view 116 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 117 metascutellum and propodeum, posterior view (tps = transverse pronotal sulcus, dms = disc of mesoscutellum)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures113-117" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115560" pageId="46" pageNumber="123">, 113-117</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="A0CFA932B1A70BA0277D963A85D610B8" captionStart="Figures 118–121" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 118 - 121. Dryocosmus liyingi sp. n. 118 fore wing, part, female 119 - 120 metasoma, female: 119 lateral view 120 ventral view 121 gall (photo by C. - T. Tang)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures118-121" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115561" pageId="46" pageNumber="123">, 118-121</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="112A31DB0F465FAE9B905B13D7ED13C4" pageId="47" pageNumber="124" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="684D92CA51D40C4DBA5BB3814DFF5B27" pageId="47" pageNumber="124">
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<pageBreakToken id="7D9755776DBA9CF2740C7F4AE4D2ABB3" pageId="47" pageNumber="124" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C69739EFAA8C86195EE35263C2BBB262" pageId="47" pageNumber="124">
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HOLOTYPE female: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Mt. Liying, Meifeng, Renai Township, ex
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<taxonomicName id="91AFB6BE3DBD7B40A9D9279EEB4F2429" authorityName="Hayata" authorityYear="1911" class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quercus morii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morii">
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<emphasis id="8BF93450CB076D2D5D566F8168B51309" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="124">Quercus morii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 25.IV.2011 (TWT501),
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<geoCoordinate id="6020ABAADCB25A5BA794E37DBB45D8A0" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="49.68" value="24.080467">24°04'49.68"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="CAAF8239660EFA306EE1946F975E207D" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="14.03" value="121.17056">121°10'14.03"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 2217m, ex multi-chamber leaf-swelling on young bud (AGWP-Morpho30), em. 1.V.2011, leg. Chang-Ti Tang. 18 female and 16 male PARATYPES: 1 female and 1 male paratypes with the same labels as holotype; 5 male paratypes: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Cuifeng, Renai Township, ex. multi- chambered leaf swelling at young bud on
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<taxonomicName id="BE1636A0DB6C3A47A87D1EC34EB9101D" authorityName="Hayata" authorityYear="1911" class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quercus morii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morii">
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<emphasis id="38ABE8722D34F244F1C9DC975994AD60" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="124">Quercus morii</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(AGWP-Morpho30),
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||
<geoCoordinate id="E7A26FE71378EF0BA81E9BACEF8A4E27" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="26.6" value="24.090723">24°05'26.6"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="973CE22848F409CB1D5065521FEB393D" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="28.9" value="121.17469">121°10'28.9"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 2114m, gall collected 20.III.2012 (TWT580), adult emerged 23.III.2012, leg. Chang-Ti Tang; 15 female and 8 male paratypes: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Cuifeng, Renai Township, ex multi-chambered leaf swelling at young bud on
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<taxonomicName id="40A5FDD0BE8BEFDC8928CE152F7ED531" authorityName="Hayata" authorityYear="1911" class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quercus morii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morii">
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<emphasis id="5E2E985132F84D6FB256F6D71A25C20D" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="124">Quercus morii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
(AGWP-Morpho30),
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||
<geoCoordinate id="941CE00AADA8E3217AE8BB0D9BA1411E" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="26.6" value="24.090723">24°05'26.6"N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="71E93F38F6839D538931F9F194E70327" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="28.9" value="121.17469">121°10'28.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 2114m, gall collected 20.III.2012 (TWT580), adult emerged 26.III.2012, leg. Chang-Ti Tang; 2 female and 2 male paratype: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Cuifeng, Renai Township, ex multi-chambered leaf swelling at young bud on
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||
<taxonomicName id="DB3C02F72D421BE4B706A5A6C343306B" authorityName="Hayata" authorityYear="1911" class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quercus morii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morii">
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||
<emphasis id="42A23E37B5CF8D3EC5B0B353C647627A" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="124">Quercus morii</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(AGWP-Morpho30),
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||
<geoCoordinate id="E0D55BEFEF00E43FF121B5C711B661A9" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="26.6" value="24.090723">24°05'26.6"N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="12EEF8E46CF0207F09760ED7B9FF708F" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="28.9" value="121.17469">121°10'28.9"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 2114m, gall collected 20.III.2012 (TWT580), adult emerged 27.III.2012, leg. Chang-Ti Tang.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C294D45BACE5EC539A064D4DBF450787" pageId="47" pageNumber="124">The female holotype, 5 female and 3 male paratypes are deposited in NMNS, 5 female and 7 male paratypes in PHMB, 3 female and 3 male paratypes in USNM, 5 female and 3 male paratypes in NCHU.</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4CD566F366AD34961BE6AB22F49A0EF7" pageId="48" pageNumber="125" type="etymology">
|
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<paragraph id="7B8E3CA0F23075A68B87E586DB6CE70F" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="EB56D08AC31DC22A6310998BBB1235C8" pageId="48" pageNumber="125" start="start">Etymology</pageBreakToken>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="397FC51B1134FE705A1739E50F96123D" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">Named after Liying Mountain in Renai Township, Nantou Co., Taiwan, where it was first recorded.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9E4A0A1EF2A80199A717B66B360722D5" pageId="48" pageNumber="125" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="B4EC16DF2DAB95F3D53E42091E68CD1A" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E631D30ADFE8D91EB94BC2990304C43" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6C275A74CB9D600EE26B828BCE5BC378" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus liyingi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7C315E721A1D609335F22FAA85E116F7" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">Dryocosmus liyingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="844ECEAED9AAFEB0E8CE47A72BD12AD9" authorityName="Schweger & Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus crinitus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crinitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AD776C68F5A2FFDF0E3C3BCF7E89C71" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">Dryocosmus crinitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see Diagnosis for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40FB6B86C1D0891EA19E693773FAAE02" authorityName="Schweger & Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus crinitus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crinitus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4878A8A4E06FDC2BB263EA18D6374415" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">Dryocosmus crinitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The species is also similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49753710F39A8C9E1E095B088651669A" authorityName="Ide, Wachi & Abe" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus sakureiensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakureiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="009EA20D18828607FFDA6524EE6DFAD9" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">Dryocosmus sakureiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCBC103D2B319ED811EF6C2BA26755FD" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus liyingi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="73088D341221E7D624F217586A4A2152" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">Dryocosmus liyingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the mesopleuron lacks striae and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3E9D73062628EB23709A93DE79140D7" authorityName="Ide, Wachi & Abe" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus sefuriensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sefuriensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CEFFDA0C75998EBBEF867FBCEE11FFB" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">Dryocosmus sefuriensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the mesopleuron is striate anteromedially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DB443D6DDF9E6637393A0CFF3CFFEA65" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="48" pageNumber="125" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4E622AC05F3E4409855A40946420A7B7" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AB5B1A369C35B955ECF44F8B5F9F3051" pageId="48" pageNumber="125">Sexual female:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6110D4D551E644950B16764271479639" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="49" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="BE37C772A345B93BB556BAEC2D63ADD3" pageId="49" pageNumber="126" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
|
||
color: dark brown except for lighter lower face and clypeus, mandibles, maxillary and labial palps yellowish; scape and pedicel yellow, subsequent flagellomeres progressively darker. Mesosoma and metasoma color: dark brown, except for lighter tegula and propodeum, legs yellowish. Head sculpture: coriaceous. Head shape anterior view: rounded. Head width / head length: 1.90. Head width / head height: 1.17. Head width / maximum mesosoma width: <1. Gena sculpture: coriaceous; alutaceous. Gena reflectivity: NOT CODED. Gena length / eye width: 0.83. Gena shape: broadened posterior to eye, visible in frontal view. Malar striae count: present. Malar striae dorsal limit: torulus-eye line on lower face and lower eye margin on malar area. Malar area: alutaceous. Malar sulcus: absent. Eye height / malar distance: 2.32. Inner margins of eyes: converging ventrally. Median ocellus shape: NOT CODED. Lateral ocellus shape: NOT CODED. POL / OOL: 1.06. OOL / diameter of lateral ocellus: 2.10. OOL / LOL: 2.05. Diameter of lateral ocellus / diameter of median ocellus: 1. Transfacial distance / eye height: 1.44. Diameter of torulus / intertorular distance: 0.80. Intertorular distance / eye torulus distance: NOT CODED. Eye-torulus distance / diameter of torulus: 1.28. Lower face sculpture: alutaceous. Lower face pilosity color: NOT CODED. Lower face pilosity density: NOT CODED. Clypeus convexity: flat. Clypeus sculpture: smooth. Clypeus ventral margin shape: straight. Clypeus reflectivity: glossy. Clypeus shape anterior view: pentagonal. Clypeus pilosity: NOT CODED. Clypeus pilosity density: NOT CODED. Clypeus pilosity color: NOT CODED. Anterior tentorial pit: large, distinct. Epistomal sulcus: indistinct. Clypeo-pleurostomal line: indistinct. Frons sculpture: alutaceous, impressed above torulus. Frons pilosity density: glabrous. Frons reflectivity: NOT CODED. Frons pilosity color: NOT CODED. Impression around central ocellus: present. Interocellar area sculpture: coriaceous. Interocellar area pilosity density: rare. Interocellar area reflectivity: glossy. Interocellar area pilosity color: white. Vertex sculpture: coriaceous. Vertex pilosity density: rare. Vertex reflectivity: glossy. Vertex pilosity color: white. Occiput sculpture: coriaceous. Occiput pilosity density: rare. Occiput reflectivity: glossy. Occiput pilosity color: white. Postocciput sculpture: alutaceous. Postocciput reflectivity: glossy. Postocciput pilosity: present. Postocciput pilosity density: rare. Postocciput pilosity color: white. Median impression of postocciput dorsal to occipital foramen: present. Posterior tentorial pit: distinct, elongated. Impression abjacent ventrally to posterior tentorial pit: NOT CODED. Postgena sculpture: alutaceous. Postgena reflectivity: glossy. Postgena pilosity color: white. Postgena pilosity density: NOT CODED. Postgena pilosity count: absent medially, present laterally. Postgenal bridge / height of occipital foramen: <1. Postgenal bridge / length of oral foramen: <1. Postgenal bridge sculpture: coriaceous medially. Number of flagellomeres (female): 13. Antenna length / body length: <1. Pedicel length / pedicel width: NOT CODED. Pedicel length / length of broadened part of scape: NOT CODED. Combined length of scape and pedicel / first flagellomere length: NOT CODED. F1 length / F2 length: 0.82. F1 length / pedicel length: 2. F1 length / F3 length: NOT CODED. Flagellomeres relative length: F3>F4>F5>F6>F7>F8>F9>F10>F11>F12. F4-F7 relative length: NOT CODED. F3 length/F2 length: 0.85. F3 length / F4 length: NOT CODED. F8 length / F7 length:
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="0413E89BAE5755213ED785D6B91D6146" pageId="50" pageNumber="127" start="start">NOT</pageBreakToken>
|
||
CODED. F9 length /F8 length: NOT CODED. F10 length / F9 length: NOT CODED. F9-F11 relative length: NOT CODED. F10 length / F11 length: NOT CODED. F12 length / F11 length: NOT CODED. F13 length / F12 length: 1.36. Placoid sensilla present on: F2-F13. Mesosoma length lateral view / mesosoma height lateral view: 1.15.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D906347B28B35731C19C1A28A070F7A2" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="50" pageNumber="127">
|
||
Pronotum sculpture: alutaceous with some rugae laterally. Pronotal dorsal row of setae count: present. Transverse pronotal sulcus depth: deep. Transverse pronotal sulcus sculpture: foevolate. Mesoscutum sculpture: smooth. Mesoscutum reflectivity: glossy. Adnotaular setae: present. Mesoscutum length / transscutal line: 1.03. Notaulus limits:
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="B7EC23AA7228CC3FAB35F40E50B2A4B0" pageId="51" pageNumber="128" start="start">well-impressed</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, posterior end adjacent to posterior margin of mesoscutum, anterior end adjacent to anterior margin of mesoscutum. Notaulus sculpture: crenulate. Notaulus posterior region width / anterior region width: 1.00. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus anterior end vs notaulus anterior end: adjacent. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus sculpture: NOT CODED. Median mesoscutal line: present. Median mesoscutal line shape: NOT CODED. Parapsidal line: absent. Parapsidal line distinctness: NOT CODED. Anteroadmedian line: absent. Antero-admedian line length / mesoscutum median length: NOT CODED. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae): alutaceous, foveolate laterally and posteriorly. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) shape: trapezoid. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) pilosity color: white. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) pilosity density: rare. Mesoscutellar axillar complex posterior margin vs metanotum: overhanging. Mesoscutellar-axillar complex length / mesoscutellar disc width: smaller than one. Disc of mesoscutellum sculpture: smooth. Disc of mesoscutellum maximum width: NOT CODED. Scutellar fovea sculpture: smooth with longitudinal, parallel rugae. Scutellar fovea shape: transversely ovate. Scutellar fovea reflectivity: glossy. Foveal septum: narrow. Anterior pits on foveal septum: absent. Scutellar fovea maximum diameter / scutellar fovea minimum diameter: 2.5. Scutellar fovea minimum diameter / foveal septum width: 6-10. Postacetabular suclus count: present. Mesopleuron sculpture: smooth, striae marking transepisternal line absent. Mesopleuron reflectivity: glossy. Mesopleuron pilosity: glabrous. Speculum sculpture: smooth. Speculum reflectivity: glossy. Mesopleural triangle sculpture: alutaceous. Mesopleural triangle reflectivity: NOT CODED. Mesopleural triangle pilosity: present. Mesopleural triangle pilosity color: NOT CODED. Mesopleural trinagle pilosity density: NOT CODED. Dorsoaxillar area sculpture: smooth. Dorsoaxillar area reflectivity: glossy. Dorsoaxillar area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Dorsoaxillar area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area sculpture: rugose. Lateroaxillar area reflectivity: glossy. Lateroaxillar area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Subaxillular bar sculpture: smooth. Subaxillular bar reflectivity: glossy. Posterior height of subaxillular bar / height of metanotal trough: 1. Metapleural sulcus anterior end: reaches mesometapleural suture in upper ⅓ of its length. Metascutellum sculpture: coriaceous. Metanotal trough sculpture: smooth. Metanotal trough reflectivity: glossy. Metanotal trough pilosity: NOT CODED. Metanotal trough pilosity density: NOT CODED. Ventral impressed area of metanotum sculpture: smooth without striae. Metascutellum height / ventral impressed area of metanotum height: 0.9. Central propodeal area sculpture: smooth with longitudinal rugae. Central propodeal area reflectivity: NOT CODED. Lateral propodeal carina shape: broad, high, strongly curved laterally in mid-height. Lateral propodeal area sculpture: lateral propodeal area alutaceous. Lateral propodeal area pilosity: present. Lateral propodeal area pilosity color: white. Lateral propodeal area pilosity density: rare. Nucha sculpture: with delicate longitudinal rugae dorsally and laterally. Radial cell length / radial cell width: 4.78. Rs+M vs basalis: reaches basalis in lower
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="3953C200CA68871909BC516184B1F67D" pageId="52" pageNumber="129" start="start">half</pageBreakToken>
|
||
of its height. Rs+M color: dark brown proximally, lighter distally. Areolet: large, triangular, conspicuous. Marginal cilia: long. Rs distal end vs wing margin: adjacent to wing margin. R1 distal end vs wing margin: adjacent to wing margin. Basal lobe on metatarsal claw: absent. Basal lobe on tarsal claw shape: NOT CODED.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53844A4696D078C8562B69B92F5EF597" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="EE5F6BF4E544DE04B9001AFCB2150CF9" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" start="start">Metasoma</pageBreakToken>
|
||
length / head+mesosoma length: <1. Metasoma lateral height / metasoma lateral length: <1. 2nd metasomal tergite length dorsal view / length of metasoma dorsal view: 0.40. Second metasomal tergite pilosity: present mediolaterally. Second metasomal tergite sculpture: smooth. Second metasomal tergite reflectivity: NOT CODED. Second metasomal tergite pilosity density: rare. Metasomal tergites 3-6 sculpture: smooth, no micropunctures. Metasomal tergites 3-6 reflectivity: glossy. Metasomal tergites 3-6 pilosity: absent. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium length ventral view / Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium width ventral view: NOT CODED. Hypopygial setae apical end: extending beyond posterior end of ventral spine of hypopygium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="680A9FCA991AF6E106380F5D6B740EB4" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Body length: 2.10-2.20 mm (n=5).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E7793075EF1F3DB0ED9FA1CEEBC6EA46" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Male: Similar to female. Color: Head and mesosoma dark brown, with lighter lower face and mouth parts; metasoma dark brown; antenna light brown. Eye size vs female eye size: eye larger in male. Anterior tentorial pit size: NOT CODED. Diameter of torulus / intertorular distance: NOT CODED. Diameter of lateral ocellus vs diameter of female lateral ocellus: NOT CODED. Flagellomeres count: 13. Antenna length / body length:>1. F1 shape: F1 curved and broadened apically. F1 length / F2 length: 1. Flagellomeres relative length: F2>F3>F4>F5>F6>F9>F10>F11>F12. F13 length / F12 length: 1.17. Placoid sensilla present on: F2-F13. Body length: 1.8-1.9 mm (n=5).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="99C6DC1245A7520A1C7305E65C01E9A4" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">
|
||
Gall (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7EED2EF93AFA20BA0BBB5B979FF6180D" captionStart="Figures 118–121" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 118 - 121. Dryocosmus liyingi sp. n. 118 fore wing, part, female 119 - 120 metasoma, female: 119 lateral view 120 ventral view 121 gall (photo by C. - T. Tang)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures118-121" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115561" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">121</figureCitation>
|
||
): The gall resembles the sexual galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="375C33B755BF0D1C4D597840E46189FD" authorityName="Ide, Wachi & Abe" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus sefuriensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sefuriensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9B60BF473840A8A9380D132E46398567" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Dryocosmus sefuriensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The gall is a cluster of multiple larval chambers, and covered by bud scales and young leaves in a bud. The infected bud becomes thicker and the young shoot will not develop, providing a clue to search for galls on the host-plant. The mature gall is yellowish-white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="0DB35A5B0CFAE172347BE23807AA188F" ID-Zenodo-Dep="984491" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures105-112" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115559" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" start="Figures 105–112" startId="F20">
|
||
<paragraph id="DE8C4835A4EA5F971964B9AEA678B6CB" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBC93FE29A97FB275EEFB1F97F24F05E" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Figures 105-112.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DB0C950466141BFCE6CB7C16A0173C8" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus liyingi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFC172F3FD61989DF31C6A6FB651A2F2" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Dryocosmus liyingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91151C6AC4212D3F8A17749DB0DF22A" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">105-108</emphasis>
|
||
head, female:
|
||
<emphasis id="5CBD4A3A91ED75508E21D06A0820C9A4" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">105</emphasis>
|
||
frontal view
|
||
<emphasis id="D294748FCC52DCF5C3DC7358FC131125" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">106</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="93B4B6661C0F9A5BC0BD0DDAC10D7EDC" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">107</emphasis>
|
||
posterior view
|
||
<emphasis id="00E956A535EC8306D1978F8200AECF67" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">108</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="A2C0B9FAF088E68BA3520CEDD5269230" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">109-110</emphasis>
|
||
head, male:
|
||
<emphasis id="6776EC8743F10850B0521CFCC7B05658" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">109</emphasis>
|
||
frontal view
|
||
<emphasis id="A6081BC26936878F9A72AADAD9B15273" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">110</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="93EBACF85848EA8C354114B629DEE0A1" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">111-112</emphasis>
|
||
antenna:
|
||
<emphasis id="49230DF59AB67527165AB47FC3220FCE" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">111</emphasis>
|
||
female
|
||
<emphasis id="64C0B6C6EA1C8E2B9BF79D0167411A23" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">112</emphasis>
|
||
male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="48559C7B73B88DA15B9E1DC4FE157338" ID-Zenodo-Dep="984493" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures113-117" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115560" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" start="Figures 113–117" startId="F21">
|
||
<paragraph id="ADCEE154A979FCE0A7EB2CC3AE6CBA39" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="518D6A6EB67209F10B0D21D3001F7A72" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Figures 113-117.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BB0A057D6CC9A7BA48D89BFA4376264F" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus liyingi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CE3040175E8DD10835F5D7FB5409D15" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Dryocosmus liyingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female, sp. n.
|
||
<emphasis id="3CDDF178ECC242895B57CC142BCF511A" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">113</emphasis>
|
||
mesosoma, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="C101CBF6F5D74E01A7529A3D3AFF8E53" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">114</emphasis>
|
||
pronotum and propleuron, frontal view
|
||
<emphasis id="F69224C5C806B238ED504147F32B32E8" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">115</emphasis>
|
||
mesoscutum, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="301B0D2CDFFC758C1A2463772406050D" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">116</emphasis>
|
||
mesoscutellum, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="FA82070CAF7AA7CD214D5FA170ED76CD" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">117</emphasis>
|
||
metascutellum and propodeum, posterior view (tps=transverse pronotal sulcus, dms=disc of mesoscutellum).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="62DCB6614B477344FB6999A5BDECA57C" ID-Zenodo-Dep="984495" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures118-121" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115561" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" start="Figures 118–121" startId="F22">
|
||
<paragraph id="EE5842B3239EFE522CFACB0EC93B70FE" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="23A0C6D21EAAD37BD0F0EE7A0CA46280" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Figures 118-121.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0F0BB2A287E79EB680C969E7D825F463" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus liyingi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liyingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BB9CA5E785FEB68C4A902FEE3A827B8" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Dryocosmus liyingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
<emphasis id="A6C0E6E4CA4857E4693764BAAA4B4DAA" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">118</emphasis>
|
||
fore wing, part, female
|
||
<emphasis id="A6EECBE904B676CB35459F803C7240DD" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">119-120</emphasis>
|
||
metasoma, female:
|
||
<emphasis id="61F4D7D32D7A8F99F8AD6A2268EE6467" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">119</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="1ECE6B310CA9E5E2122819B37A168D60" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">120</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="CB6E6B0550A9B7778287ABD0C19306F4" bold="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">121</emphasis>
|
||
gall (photo by C.-T. Tang).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A2AD6EAA090FBBBF4CC6B3901BBA88D6" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="2BA13F17724AD5DADF78A928FA618CE9" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1543FC814599CF9B4E03E925A624A86" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">
|
||
Only the sexual generation is known. Galls were collected from late March to late April. Adults emerged from galls in the laboratory immediately after collection. Galls are on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6FDDEAB4D2CE379C1FD14789287584D" authorityName="Hayata" authorityYear="1911" class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quercus morii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morii">
|
||
<emphasis id="15779A34B0A984A6484C11658CE4F7BD" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Quercus morii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="404BC584BC79DBECFD948D3552D141D0" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1851" class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quercus sessilifolia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sessilifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="57A8D4084B2DB7F703C2DF8167750849" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Quercus sessilifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4807DAF5B89A4D253EC7EF8EDB1BB7FE" pageId="53" pageNumber="130" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="B55D6D1CCB624EF0FEFE14279DEDEF5E" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="601774908D451C5B5C0764DBD5773D2A" pageId="53" pageNumber="130">Taiwan: Renai Township, Nantou County.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |