473 lines
64 KiB
XML
473 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="423D71507DD0FCB985E17393D7FE85F6" ID-CLB-Dataset="53541" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5297.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a1f5ccfa-3899-412f-9c52-b82ea5d74106" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7989297" ID-ZooBank="1F89880E-AFBB-4392-87F6-913C99EBCABD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1685520126217" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="El-Arab, Mohammed Abdel Latif Ezz & Ekins, Merrick" docDate="2023" docId="446ADD2CFFFBDA0FF9B4FC6337D8F8CD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5297.1.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5297 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ophlitaspongia Bowerbank 1866" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="B853A554FFF9DA0AF923FF943248FFCD" masterDocTitle="Redescription of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911 and Ophlitaspongia (?) horrida Row, 1911 from the Red Sea, and their placement in Clathria (Clathria) Schmidt, 1862" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="48" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1685539510984" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="AAEF3D2CAC6546C31C0626D9EC8EABD6">Redescription of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911 and Ophlitaspongia (?) horrida Row, 1911 from the Red Sea, and their placement in Clathria (Clathria) Schmidt, 1862</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="5FE57D16327F17F5987242E38BBF8771">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8EFD70680402A8E349C9DF5F8BF7522F">El-Arab, Mohammed Abdel Latif Ezz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DBA067CC3B2171C4839E17A7DA3EB8A0">National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Hurghada, Egypt</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3F3C9DD4C453A95A503999577A9316CF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4BD901AACDC0327971BD786A59B8E67F">Ekins, Merrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="46411B7A7EC4FA7DA6CFAF8ADF865501" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4825-462X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="0FB3CD6897BB6A488F14B0BC6FDD714B">Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Brisbane, Queensland https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4825 - 462 X & School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072 & Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111 Queensland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AE6E4F248F7B7D94DEEE9D72A10F0B5E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="079D72F22DB50FA904260A5F0F3AEB76">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3215C22B7991DD0C5D169EC97A05835D">
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<mods:date id="64A764C8057895CA1553D01A0F2FA938">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B7062EB5148224D166EF95514C9A9D60">2023-05-31</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7391BF384A0FC584D3CDBBF1EB0D36D2" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5297.1.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="446ADD2CFFFBDA0FF9B4FC6337D8F8CD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7990955" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7990955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:446ADD2CFFFBDA0FF9B4FC6337D8F8CD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/446ADD2CFFFBDA0FF9B4FC6337D8F8CD" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
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<subSubSection id="84D93FB1FFFBDA08F9B4FC6330C7FBDD" box="[151,655,1014,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFBDA08F9B4FC6330C7FBDD" blockId="2.[151,655,1014,1041]" box="[151,655,1014,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
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<heading id="9734DB56FFFBDA08F9B4FC6330C7FBDD" bold="true" box="[151,655,1014,1041]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08F9B4FC6330C7FBDD" bold="true" box="[151,655,1014,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
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Parent
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<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFBDA08F9D0FC6230C7FBDD" ID-CoL="84R9V" ID-ENA="61612" authority="Bowerbank, 1866" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[243,655,1014,1041]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08F9D0FC6233E5FBDC" bold="true" box="[243,429,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Ophlitaspongia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFBDA08F897FC6330C7FBDD" author="Bowerbank, J. S." box="[436,655,1014,1041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" refId="ref7759" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1866) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. 2. Ray Society, London, xx + 388 pp." type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84D93FB1FFFBDA08F9B4FBAA3173FBB0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFBDA08F9B4FBAA3173FBB0" blockId="2.[151,1325,1086,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08F9B4FBAA339EFB94" bold="true" box="[151,470,1086,1113]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
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Orig. name
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<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFBDA08F806FBAA339EFB94" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[293,470,1086,1113]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08F806FBAA339EFB94" bold="true" box="[293,470,1086,1113]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Ophlitaspongia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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(?)
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<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFBDA08FB27FBAA3116FB94" authority="Row, 1911: 347 - 349" authorityName="Row" authorityPageNumber="347 - 349" authorityYear="1911" box="[516,862,1086,1113]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
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<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08FB27FBAA303FFB94" bold="true" box="[516,631,1086,1113]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">arbuscula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFBDA08FB5DFBAB3116FB94" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[638,862,1087,1113]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row, 1911:347-349</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 39, fig. 22, pl. 40, fig. 25, text fig. 22
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<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08F9B4FBF63306FBB0" bold="true" box="[151,334,1122,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Accepted name</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFBDA08F876FBF63173FBB0" authority="(Row, 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Row" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[341,827,1122,1149]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula" subGenus="Clathria">
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<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08F876FBF630E2FBB0" bold="true" box="[341,682,1122,1149]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Clathria (Clathria) arbuscula</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFBDA08FB9BFBF7317BFBB0" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[696,819,1123,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="84D93FB1FFFBDA08F9B4FB3E3057FAFC" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFBDA08F9B4FB3E3057FAFC" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
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||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08F9B4FB3E33CBFB09" bold="true" box="[151,387,1194,1220]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Material examined:</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="7CAB6667FFFBDA08F8AAFB3F3057FAFC" collectingDate="2018-10" collectionCode="QM, SCUBA, NIOF" collectorName="Coll. C. Crossland & Coll. M. A. L. H. Ezz El-Arab" country="Egypt" elevation="6" latitude="27.296667" location="Slide" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="33.771" municipality="Hurghada" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="BMNH 1912.2, G339446, GRRF8000, G339445" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Al Bahr al Ahmar" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="1378D298FFFBDA08F8AAFB3F33B9FB08" box="[393,497,1195,1221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
<specimenCode id="9C65C441FFFBDA08F8DBFB3F30EDFB08" box="[504,677,1194,1221]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">BMNH 1912.2</specimenCode>
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||
.1.65,
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<collectingRegion id="0E07A2D8FFFBDA08FBC5FB3F310DFB08" box="[742,837,1195,1221]" country="Egypt" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectorName id="613609ECFFFBDA08FA73FB3F3669FB08" box="[848,1057,1195,1221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Coll. C. Crossland</collectorName>
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, 1904-1905.
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<location id="C91C3AE1FFFBDA08FD90FB3F36A5FB08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:446ADD2CFFFBDA0FF9B4FC6337D8F8CD:C91C3AE1FFFBDA08FD90FB3F36A5FB08" box="[1203,1261,1195,1221]" country="Egypt" latitude="27.296667" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="33.771" municipality="Hurghada" name="Slide" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" stateProvince="Al Bahr al Ahmar">Slide</location>
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of the holotype
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<specimenCode id="9C65C441FFFBDA08F9B4FB5B330DFB24" box="[151,325,1230,1257]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">BMNH 1912.2</specimenCode>
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.1.65, housed at the Queensland Museum.
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<collectionCode id="AAD2F4FFFFFBDA08FA02FB5B3106FB24" box="[801,846,1231,1257]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="9C65C441FFFBDA08FA75FB5B3189FB24" box="[854,961,1231,1257]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">G339446</specimenCode>
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||
,
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<collectingMunicipality id="2C18F640FFFBDA08FAEEFB5B3676FB24" box="[973,1086,1231,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Hurghada</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="B4D42CAAFFFBDA08FD6AFB5B36C7FB24" box="[1097,1167,1231,1257]" name="Egypt" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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||
, Red Sea,
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<geoCoordinate id="A9F70AFDFFFBDA08FC24FB5B37D0FB24" box="[1287,1432,1231,1257]" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="17.80" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" precision="9" value="27.296667">
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27
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<superScript id="3BB6C172FFFBDA08FC00FB5B3763FB10" attach="left" box="[1315,1323,1231,1245]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">o</superScript>
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17.80’ N
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||
</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="A9F70AFDFFFBDA08F9B4FB67336AFAC0" box="[151,290,1267,1293]" degrees="33" direction="east" minutes="46.26" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" precision="9" value="33.771">
|
||
33
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||
<superScript id="3BB6C172FFFBDA08F990FB6732F3FACC" attach="left" box="[179,187,1267,1281]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">o</superScript>
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||
46.26’ E
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</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="0B3BC1DFFFFBDA08F80EFB66333AFAC0" box="[301,370,1266,1293]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">
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<elevation id="47EE8B09FFFBDA08F80EFB66333AFAC0" box="[301,370,1266,1293]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5-7 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="AAD2F4FFFFFBDA08F85EFB673391FAC0" box="[381,473,1267,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectorName id="613609ECFFFBDA08F8FCFB67317AFAC0" box="[479,818,1267,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Coll. M. A. L. H. Ezz El-Arab</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="B87D4AFAFFFBDA08FA1FFB673190FAC0" box="[828,984,1267,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" value="2018-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="A839B312FFFBDA08FA1FFB673190FAC0" box="[828,984,1267,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" value="2018-10">October 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AAD2F4FFFFFBDA08FAC0FB67366CFAC0" box="[995,1060,1267,1293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">NIOF</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="9C65C441FFFBDA08FD09FB6736F8FAC0" box="[1066,1200,1267,1293]" collectionCode="GRRF" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">GRRF8000</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="AAD2F4FFFFFBDA08FD9AFB6736AEFAC0" box="[1209,1254,1267,1293]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="9C65C441FFFBDA08FDCEFB663710FAC0" box="[1261,1368,1266,1293]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">G339445</specimenCode>
|
||
, same collection details as
|
||
<collectionCode id="AAD2F4FFFFFBDA08F858FA8333E0FAFC" box="[379,424,1303,1329]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="9C65C441FFFBDA08F88CFA833053FAFC" box="[431,539,1303,1329]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="Museum">G339446</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="84D93FB1FFFBDA08F9E4FAAE31E5FA98" box="[199,941,1338,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFBDA08F9E4FAAE31E5FA98" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2013]" box="[199,941,1338,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08F9E4FAAE332BFA99" bold="true" box="[199,355,1338,1364]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from the fringing reefs of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0E07A2D8FFFBDA08FA6AFAAF31E1FA98" box="[841,937,1339,1365]" country="Egypt" name="Al Bahr al Ahmar" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Red Sea</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="84D93FB1FFFBDA09F9E4FACA31B4F805" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFBDA08F9E4FACA37CDF9E0" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08F9E4FACA3313FAB5" bold="true" box="[199,347,1374,1400]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Large tree-like sponge; long irregular branches, which themselves branch irregularly, arising from small base. The branches which form the sponge are irregular in shape, but usually more or less cylindrical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54F870BFFFFBDA08FC69FA1737C3FA50" box="[1354,1419,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1319,1343]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,450,1293]" captionTargetId="figure-169@3.[283,1305,450,1293]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911. A. the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. B. the holotype BMNH 1912.1.65. C. QM G339446 underwater. D. QM G339446 fixed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989299/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Numerous prominences and swellings occur on the branches and short processes arise from these which are most likely new branches. The branches vary in their length, the longest is up to
|
||
<quantity id="0B3BC1DFFFFBDA08FAD6FA5F3605FA28" box="[1013,1101,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="100.0">100 cm</quantity>
|
||
, but are typically
|
||
<quantity id="0B3BC1DFFFFBDA08FC38FA5E372DFA28" box="[1307,1381,1482,1509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
|
||
. The frequent branching, the junctions which occasionally occur between contiguous branches, and the way the branches are tangled, tend to diminish the height of the actual individual. The branches vary in diameter from
|
||
<quantity id="0B3BC1DFFFFBDA08FDDEF98637C9F9E0" box="[1277,1409,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5 to 10 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFBDA08F9E4F9A3303EF970" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">The actual surface of the sponge is quite smooth, being covered by very delicate dermal membrane, but it is covered with slight prominences and low ridges, owing to the pushing up of the dermal membrane by skeletal fibres laying just below. However, there are no actual projections of the fibres from the surface, but the spicules project very slightly and render it minutely hispid.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFBDA08F9E4F95333A4F8C8" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
The oscula are being distinguishable, the distance between the oscules vary from
|
||
<quantity id="0B3BC1DFFFFBDA08FD75F952369FF92C" box="[1110,1239,1734,1761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5 to 3 cm</quantity>
|
||
, and the diameter of the oscula about
|
||
<quantity id="0B3BC1DFFFFBDA08F851F97F33A0F8C8" box="[370,488,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2 to 3 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFBDA08F9E4F89B33D8F8BC" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">The color is brick red during life, while color in alcohol is dark brown black. The alcohol in which the sponge has been preserved is colored bright orange red. The texture is compressible and resilient, whilst the sponge does not cut nor tear easily.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFBDA09F9E4F8EE3087FE60" blockId="2.[151,1437,1194,2013]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFBDA08F9E4F8EE337FF859" bold="true" box="[199,311,1914,1940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Skeleton:</emphasis>
|
||
The choanosomal skeleton consists of a dense reticulation of (subtylo)styles and styles-cored fibres, and spicules scattered irregularly about throughout the sponge. The choanosomal (subtylo)styles or styles are usually thicker and often curved; as the predominant spicule
|
||
<typeStatus id="1378D298FFFBDA08FA66F8573131F810" box="[837,889,1987,2013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. The fibres are strongly coated with spongin and the reticulation is very close. There cannot be made a distinction into primary or secondly fibres, no separation of the fibres into groups being possible either in direction or size, for the reticulation, although the fibres are not orientated, they are regular, and of equal size. The fibres average
|
||
<quantity id="0B3BC1DFFFFADA09FA5FFF4B31A8FF34" box="[892,992,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, but at a junction of two or more fibres, there is a slight swelling into a knob, which usually measures
|
||
<quantity id="0B3BC1DFFFFADA09FAC1FE97360FFED0" box="[994,1095,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54F870BFFFFADA09FDFEFE97371EFED0" box="[1245,1366,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1017,1041]" captionTargetBox="[290,1298,237,993]" captionTargetId="figure-55@4.[290,1298,237,993]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911.A. section of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. B. section of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. C. Spicules of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65, showing (subtylo)styles, an (acantho)style and in the top left hand corner the arrow points to a toxa. D. Section through the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65, showing the (acantho)styles echinating from the fibre." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989301/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54F870BFFFFADA09FC4CFE973297FE8C" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[342,1245,1173,1944]" captionTargetId="figure-120@4.[342,1245,1173,1944]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911. A & B. Sections of NIOF GRRF8000. C & D. Spicules of NIOF GRRF8000, showing (subtylo)styles, (acantho)style." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989305/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The fibres at the sub-ectosome are condensed and irregularly oriented. The ectosomal skeleton consists mainly of densely matted brushes of tangentially orientated auxiliary (subtylo)styles which are usually straight and thin. The ends of the (subtylo)styles project from the surface, resulting in the ectosomal skeleton forming a dense felting over the surface of the sponge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54F870BFFFFADA09FB64FE073089FE60" box="[583,705,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1017,1041]" captionTargetBox="[290,1298,237,993]" captionTargetId="figure-55@4.[290,1298,237,993]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911.A. section of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. B. section of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. C. Spicules of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65, showing (subtylo)styles, an (acantho)style and in the top left hand corner the arrow points to a toxa. D. Section through the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65, showing the (acantho)styles echinating from the fibre." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989301/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="98BC3CB2FFFADA09F9BBFAB330FCFAA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989299" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7989299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989299/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" startId="3.[152,255,1319,1343]" targetBox="[283,1305,450,1293]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFADA09F9BBFAB330FCFAA9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1319,1380]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFADA09F9BBFAB33350FA8D" bold="true" box="[152,280,1319,1344]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFADA09F83DFABC33F4FA8D" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[286,444,1320,1344]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFADA09F83DFABC33F4FA8D" box="[286,444,1320,1344]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Ophlitaspongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(?)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFADA09F8C0FABC30F6FA8D" authority="Row, 1911" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[483,702,1320,1344]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFADA09F8C0FABC3000FA8D" box="[483,584,1320,1344]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">arbuscula</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFADA09FB6CFABC30F6FA8D" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[591,702,1320,1344]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. B. the holotype BMNH 1912.1.65. C. QM G339446 underwater. D. QM G339446 fixed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFADA09F9E4FA063366FA61" blockId="3.[151,1437,1426,2028]" box="[199,302,1426,1452]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Spicules:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFADA09F9E4FA2230F5F965" blockId="3.[151,1437,1426,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFADA09F9E4FA22332AFA1D" bold="true" box="[199,354,1462,1488]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Megascleres:</emphasis>
|
||
The spicules consist predominately of (subtylo)styles, which are frequently curved, with slight necks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54F870BFFFFADA09F9CBFA4E3377FA39" box="[232,319,1498,1524]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1017,1041]" captionTargetBox="[290,1298,237,993]" captionTargetId="figure-55@4.[290,1298,237,993]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911.A. section of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. B. section of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. C. Spicules of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65, showing (subtylo)styles, an (acantho)style and in the top left hand corner the arrow points to a toxa. D. Section through the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65, showing the (acantho)styles echinating from the fibre." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989301/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54F870BFFFFADA09F87AFA4E339FFA39" box="[345,471,1498,1524]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[342,1245,1173,1944]" captionTargetId="figure-120@4.[342,1245,1173,1944]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911. A & B. Sections of NIOF GRRF8000. C & D. Spicules of NIOF GRRF8000, showing (subtylo)styles, (acantho)style." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989305/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). They range in length from 79 to 439 µm in the fresh material and 85 to 300 µm in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1378D298FFFADA09F9E3FA6A336DF9D5" box="[192,293,1534,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, while the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFADA09FBA4FA6A314AF9D5" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[647,770,1534,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) ranged between 300–330 µm in the length (
|
||
<tableCitation id="81415981FFFADA09FDD4FA6A3703F9D5" box="[1271,1355,1534,1560]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of the spicules (min-(mean)-max μm) of the specimens of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). They are slender in width between 1 and 8 µm in the fresh material and between 1 and 4 µm in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1378D298FFFADA09FDE0F9B63760F9F1" box="[1219,1320,1570,1596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, while the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFADA09F8A3F9D233B3F9AD" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[384,507,1606,1632]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) recorded 2 µm width (
|
||
<tableCitation id="81415981FFFADA09FA21F9D2311EF9AD" box="[770,854,1606,1632]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of the spicules (min-(mean)-max μm) of the specimens of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The (subtylo)styles form a slender core in most of the fibres, where they are frequently arranged in a slightly plumose manner, but they never project outside the fibre. A few spicules occur with oxeote or stylote ends.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFADA09F9E4F92637C0F891" blockId="3.[151,1437,1426,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
(Acantho)styles are present in small numbers. They are weakly spined, with a length of 22 to 69 µm, and a width of between 2.4–6.5 µm (
|
||
<tableCitation id="81415981FFFADA09F8D7F9423001F93D" box="[500,585,1750,1776]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of the spicules (min-(mean)-max μm) of the specimens of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). These were also observed during examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1378D298FFFADA09FD9AF9423753F93D" box="[1209,1307,1750,1776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
during this study with a range of length from 38 to 60 µm, and a range of width between 2 and 5 µm. The (acantho)styles were not recorded in the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFADA09FB77F88A3082F8F5" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[596,714,1822,1848]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), (
|
||
<tableCitation id="81415981FFFADA09FBC6F88A3170F8F5" box="[741,824,1822,1848]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of the spicules (min-(mean)-max μm) of the specimens of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). In the sample examined in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B4D42CAAFFFADA09FD5BF88A36F3F8F5" box="[1144,1211,1822,1848]" name="Egypt" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
(NIOF GRRF8000) (acantho)styles were also observed, with a length of 70 µm, and a width of between 4–6 µm (
|
||
<tableCitation id="81415981FFFADA09FD8FF8D636B7F891" box="[1196,1279,1858,1884]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of the spicules (min-(mean)-max μm) of the specimens of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54F870BFFFFADA09FC3AF8D63733F891" box="[1305,1403,1858,1884]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[342,1245,1173,1944]" captionTargetId="figure-120@4.[342,1245,1173,1944]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911. A & B. Sections of NIOF GRRF8000. C & D. Spicules of NIOF GRRF8000, showing (subtylo)styles, (acantho)style." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989305/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Fig 3. D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFADA09F9E4F8F231B4F805" blockId="3.[151,1437,1426,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFADA09F9E4F8F23320F84D" bold="true" box="[199,360,1894,1920]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Microscleres:</emphasis>
|
||
The microscleres consist of toxas that are rare in most samples (
|
||
<tableCitation id="81415981FFFADA09FD60F8F236D0F84D" box="[1091,1176,1894,1920]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of the spicules (min-(mean)-max μm) of the specimens of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). In the fresh material, toxas range in length from 15 to 300 um, (
|
||
<tableCitation id="81415981FFFADA09FB49F81E30F5F869" box="[618,701,1930,1956]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of the spicules (min-(mean)-max μm) of the specimens of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Whilst in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1378D298FFFADA09FA49F81E3184F869" box="[874,972,1930,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
the toxas ranged in length from 25 to 160 µm which encompasses the 60 µm from the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFADA09FA51F83A31A7F805" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[882,1007,1966,1992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="84D93FB1FFFADA0FF9E4F846335FFC2A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFADA0EF9E4F8463638FF18" blockId="3.[151,1437,1426,2028]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,150,213]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="7CAB6667FFFADA0EF9E4F8463623FF18" collectionCode="NIOF" country="Egypt" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="52" location="Very" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" specimenCode="GRRF8000" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<location id="C91C3AE1FFFADA09F9E4F84632B4F821" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:446ADD2CFFFBDA0FF9B4FC6337D8F8CD:C91C3AE1FFFADA09F9E4F84632B4F821" box="[199,252,2002,2028]" country="Egypt" name="Very" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Very</location>
|
||
rare sigmas were observed twice in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1378D298FFFADA09FBF2F846317EF821" box="[721,822,2002,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, with a length of 20 µm. also, very rare sigmas were observed in the sample examined in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B4D42CAAFFFDDA0EFB17FF03303FFF7C" box="[564,631,151,177]" name="Egypt" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="AAD2F4FFFFFDDA0EFBA5FF033081FF7C" box="[646,713,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">NIOF</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="9C65C441FFFDDA0EFBF2FF03311EFF7C" box="[721,854,151,177]" collectionCode="GRRF" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">GRRF8000</specimenCode>
|
||
), with a length of 15 to 30 µm. It is unclear if these are native as they were not observed in the original description and other fresh material
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="98BC3CB2FFFDDA0EF9BBFC6D33D3FBB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989301" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7989301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989301/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" startId="4.[152,255,1017,1041]" targetBox="[290,1298,237,993]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFDDA0EF9BBFC6D33D3FBB0" blockId="4.[151,1437,1017,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFDDA0EF9BBFC6D335FFBDC" bold="true" box="[152,279,1017,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFDDA0EF83FFC6D33F2FBDC" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[284,442,1017,1041]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFDDA0EF83FFC6D33F2FBDC" box="[284,442,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Ophlitaspongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(?)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFDDA0EF8C2FC6D30F2FBDC" authority="Row, 1911" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[481,698,1017,1041]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFDDA0EF8C2FC6D300EFBDC" box="[481,582,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">arbuscula</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFDDA0EFB6FFC6E30F2FBDC" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[588,698,1017,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. section of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. B. section of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. C. Spicules of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65, showing (subtylo)styles, an (acantho)style and in the top left hand corner the arrow points to a toxa. D. Section through the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65, showing the (acantho)styles echinating from the fibre.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="98BC3CB2FFFDDA0EF9BBF82430E6F821" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989305" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7989305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989305/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" startId="4.[152,255,1968,1992]" targetBox="[342,1245,1173,1944]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFDDA0EF9BBF82430E6F821" blockId="4.[151,1436,1968,2028]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFDDA0EF9BBF8243354F805" bold="true" box="[152,284,1968,1992]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFDDA0EF805F824338CF805" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[294,452,1968,1992]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFDDA0EF805F824338CF805" box="[294,452,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Ophlitaspongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(?)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFDDA0EF8D7F824309FF805" authority="Row, 1911" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[500,727,1968,1992]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFDDA0EF8D7F8243011F805" box="[500,601,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">arbuscula</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFDDA0EFB47F824309FF805" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[612,727,1968,1992]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A & B. Sections of NIOF GRRF8000. C & D. Spicules of NIOF GRRF8000, showing (subtylo)styles, (acantho)style.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="98BC3CB2FFFCDA0FF9BBFF03372AFF62" box="[152,1378,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" startId="5.[152,244,151,175]" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFCDA0FF9BBFF03372AFF62" blockId="5.[152,1378,151,176]" box="[152,1378,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFCDA0FF9BBFF033347FF62" bold="true" box="[152,271,151,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of the spicules (min-(mean)-max μm) of the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFCDA0FFD05FF033684FF62" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[1062,1228,151,175]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFCDA0FFD05FF033684FF62" box="[1062,1228,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Ophlitaspongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(?) arbuscula
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFCDA0FF8B5FF543634FC98" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<table id="BEC39E9AFFFC25F5F985FF5437CDFC98" box="[166,1413,192,853]" gridcols="6" gridrows="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FF5437CDFF15" box="[166,1413,192,216]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5F8B5FF543010FF15" box="[406,600,192,216]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">(Subtylo)styles</th>
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5FBADFF54313EFF15" box="[654,886,192,216]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">(Acantho)styles</th>
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFF543663FF15" box="[926,1067,192,216]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Toxas</th>
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5FD77FF54369DFF15" box="[1108,1237,192,216]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Sigmas</th>
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5FC27FF5437CDFF15" box="[1284,1413,192,216]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">isochelas</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FE9837CDFEE9" box="[166,1413,268,292]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5F985FE983339FEE9" box="[166,369,268,292]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Holotype BMNH</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FEA437CDFE85" box="[166,1413,304,328]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5F985FEA43339FE85" box="[166,369,304,328]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">1912.2.1.65</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FECC37CDFEBE" box="[166,1413,344,371]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5F985FECC3339FEBE" box="[166,369,344,371]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Original description</th>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5F8B5FECC3010FEBE" box="[406,600,344,371]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">(300)-330 x ≤ 2</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FBADFECC313EFEBE" box="[654,886,344,371]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFECC3663FEBE" box="[926,1067,344,371]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">60 x 1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FD77FECC369DFEBE" box="[1108,1237,344,371]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FC27FECC37CDFEBE" box="[1284,1413,344,371]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FE1437CDFE55" box="[166,1413,384,408]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5F985FE143339FE55" box="[166,369,384,408]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Holotype BMNH</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FE3037CDFE71" box="[166,1413,420,444]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5F985FE303339FE71" box="[166,369,420,444]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">1912.2.1.65</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FE5C37CDFE2C" box="[166,1413,456,481]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5F985FE5C3339FE2C" box="[166,369,456,481]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">This study</th>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5F8B5FE5C3010FE2C" box="[406,600,456,481]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">85-(215)-300 x 1-</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FBADFE5C313EFE2C" box="[654,886,456,481]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">38-(50)-60 x 2-(3)-5,</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFE5C3663FE2C" box="[926,1067,456,481]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">25-(80)-160 x</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FD77FE5C369DFE2C" box="[1108,1237,456,481]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">20-(20)-20 x</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FC27FE5C37CDFE2C" box="[1284,1413,456,481]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FE7837CDFDC8" box="[166,1413,492,517]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5F8B5FE783010FDC8" box="[406,600,492,517]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">(2)-4, n=30</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FBADFE78313EFDC8" box="[654,886,492,517]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">n=12</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFE783663FDC8" box="[926,1067,492,517]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">1-(1)-1, n=5</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FD77FE78369DFDC8" box="[1108,1237,492,517]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">2-(2)-2, n=2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FD8137CDFDE0" box="[166,1413,533,557]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5F985FD813339FDE0" box="[166,369,533,557]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">QM G339445</th>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5F8B5FD813010FDE0" box="[406,600,533,557]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">79-(250)-439 x 1-</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FBADFD81313EFDE0" box="[654,886,533,557]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">45.4-(48.3)-53.6 x 3.3-</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFD813663FDE0" box="[926,1067,533,557]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">23-(39)-63 x</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FD77FD81369DFDE0" box="[1108,1237,533,557]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FC27FD8137CDFDE0" box="[1284,1413,533,557]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FDAD37CDFD9C" box="[166,1413,569,593]" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5F8B5FDAD3010FD9C" box="[406,600,569,593]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">(3)-6, n=28</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FBADFDAD313EFD9C" box="[654,886,569,593]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">(4.1)-5.8, n=3</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFDAD3663FD9C" box="[926,1067,569,593]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">0.5-(0.7)-1.0,</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FDC937CDFDB8" box="[166,1413,605,629]" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFDC93663FDB8" box="[926,1067,605,629]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">n=4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FD1137CDFD50" box="[166,1413,645,669]" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5F985FD113339FD50" box="[166,369,645,669]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">QM G339446</th>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5F8B5FD113010FD50" box="[406,600,645,669]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">112-(289)-422 x 2-</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FBADFD11313EFD50" box="[654,886,645,669]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">22-(53.0)-69 x 2.4-</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFD113663FD50" box="[926,1067,645,669]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">15-(23)-27 x</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FD77FD11369DFD50" box="[1108,1237,645,669]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FC27FD1137CDFD50" box="[1284,1413,645,669]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FD3D37CDFD0C" box="[166,1413,681,705]" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5F8B5FD3D3010FD0C" box="[406,600,681,705]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">(4)-8, n=43</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FBADFD3D313EFD0C" box="[654,886,681,705]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">(4.2)-6.5, n=6</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFD3D3663FD0C" box="[926,1067,681,705]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">0.5-(0.8)-1.0,</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FD5937CDFD28" box="[166,1413,717,741]" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFD593663FD28" box="[926,1067,717,741]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">n=17</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FD6137CDFCC0" box="[166,1413,757,781]" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="31220704FFFC25F5F985FD613339FCC0" box="[166,369,757,781]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">NIOF GRRF8000</th>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5F8B5FD613010FCC0" box="[406,600,757,781]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">200-(350)-380 x 2-</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FBADFD61313EFCC0" box="[654,886,757,781]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">70-(70)-70 x 4-(5)-6,</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFD613663FCC0" box="[926,1067,757,781]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">20-(105)-300</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FD77FD61369DFCC0" box="[1108,1237,757,781]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">15-(20)-30 x</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FC27FD6137CDFCC0" box="[1284,1413,757,781]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">20-(25)-30 x</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FC8D37CDFCFC" box="[166,1413,793,817]" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5F8B5FC8D3010FCFC" box="[406,600,793,817]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">(5)-7, n=50</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FBADFC8D313EFCFC" box="[654,886,793,817]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">n=4</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFC8D3663FCFC" box="[926,1067,793,817]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">x 2-(3.6)-5,</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FD77FC8D369DFCFC" box="[1108,1237,793,817]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">1-(1.2)-1.5,</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FC27FC8D37CDFCFC" box="[1284,1413,793,817]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">1.5, n=3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="72F36E78FFFC25F5F985FCA937CDFC98" box="[166,1413,829,853]" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FABDFCA93663FC98" box="[926,1067,829,853]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">n=7</td>
|
||
<td id="31220704FFFC25F5FD77FCA9369DFC98" box="[1108,1237,829,853]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">n=4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFCDA0FF9E4FC11335FFC2A" blockId="5.[151,1437,901,1792]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="7CAB6667FFFCDA0FF9E4FC11335AFC2A" collectionCode="NIOF" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="GRRF8000" specimenCount="2">
|
||
Palmate isochelas (from 20 to 30 µm in length), were observed in some of the material
|
||
<collectionCode id="AAD2F4FFFFFCDA0FFD83FC1136A9FC52" box="[1184,1249,901,927]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">NIOF</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="9C65C441FFFCDA0FFDCAFC113724FC52" box="[1257,1388,901,927]" collectionCode="GRRF" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">GRRF8000</specimenCode>
|
||
, but as they were not observed in the type material or any of the other material examined (
|
||
<tableCitation id="81415981FFFCDA0FFD72FC3D36ECFC0E" box="[1105,1188,937,963]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of the spicules (min-(mean)-max μm) of the specimens of Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
), they are regarded as non-native
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="84D93FB1FFFCDA0FF9E4FC6537D8F8CD" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC7C6C3AFFFCDA0FF9E4FC6537D8F8CD" blockId="5.[151,1437,901,1792]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFCDA0FF9E4FC653375FBC6" bold="true" box="[199,317,1009,1035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
A re-examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1378D298FFFCDA0FFB6DFC6530F8FBC6" box="[590,688,1009,1035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and the fresh material revealed the presence of rare (acantho)styles, which were not mentioned in the original text by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFCDA0FFBE5FB813118FBE2" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[710,848,1045,1071]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, the measurements of the styles and toxas in this study match those of the original description. The styles, whilst predominantly (subtylo)styles, also include oxeote or stylote ends as mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFCDA0FFB78FBC930AEFBBA" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[603,742,1117,1143]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The styles on their length could potentially be split into two overlapping groups. However, due to the variable ends of the styles which extends over both potential groups indicate this is more likely to just be an example of variation. The styles are not specific for fibers of ectosomal regions, however the styles located in the fibers do tend to be the larger styles, and the small styles only seem to occur in the ectosome and the choanosome. Because of the variation in size and shape of the styles it is not specific for the tissue. There is some confusion with the labelling of the type specimens at the British Museum of Natural History, as specimen BMNH 1912.1.65 is clearly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFCDA0FFBEDFAA1312AFA82" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[718,866,1333,1359]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFCDA0FFBEDFAA1312AFA82" box="[718,866,1333,1359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">O. arbuscula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as the tree like specimen matches the description on p347 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFCDA0FF835FACD33D3FABE" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[278,411,1369,1395]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and is clearly illustrated in the photograph on Plate 39, Figure 22, although the name on the jar incorrectly indicates it is the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFCDA0FFB47FAE93096FA5A" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[612,734,1405,1431]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="horrida">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFCDA0FFB47FAE93096FA5A" box="[612,734,1405,1431]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">O. horrida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Similarly, the specimen BMNH 1912.2.1.63 is the specimen described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFCDA0FF80AFA3533EAFA76" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[297,418,1441,1467]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="horrida">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFCDA0FF80AFA3533EAFA76" box="[297,418,1441,1467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">O. horrida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on p349 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFCDA0FFB08FA3530FBFA76" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[555,691,1441,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but labelled in the jar as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFCDA0FFAF4FA353622FA76" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[983,1130,1441,1467]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFCDA0FFAF4FA353622FA76" box="[983,1130,1441,1467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">O. arbuscula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As these specimens are of orders of magnitude of different sizes, it’s unlikely the specimens have been replaced in the wrong jars, and the labels were incorrectly swapped over. It must have occurred before or during the placement of the specimens in the ground glass jars from their previous housings. No doubt this mislabeling has added to the confusion about whether they are two different species or just one. It is even possible that this mistake was made by Row in 1911 as examination of the sections of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1378D298FFFCDA0FF8B1F9C133BCF9A2" box="[402,500,1621,1647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFCDA0FFB3EF9C1310DF9A2" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[541,837,1621,1647]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFCDA0FFB3EF9C1310DF9A2" box="[541,837,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Ophlitaspongia arbuscula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
i.e. BMNH 1912.2.1.65, here in
|
||
<figureCitation id="54F870BFFFFCDA0FFDE0F9C137D4F9A2" box="[1219,1436,1621,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1017,1041]" captionTargetBox="[290,1298,237,993]" captionTargetId="figure-55@4.[290,1298,237,993]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ophlitaspongia (?) arbuscula Row, 1911.A. section of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. B. section of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65. C. Spicules of the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65, showing (subtylo)styles, an (acantho)style and in the top left hand corner the arrow points to a toxa. D. Section through the holotype BMNH 1912.2.1.65, showing the (acantho)styles echinating from the fibre." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7989301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7989301/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Figures 2A and 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
show the distinctive knobbly connections of the fibers mentioned from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFCDA0FFAE2F9ED361CF95E" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[961,1108,1657,1683]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFCDA0FFAE2F9ED361CF95E" box="[961,1108,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">O. arbuscula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on page 348 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A85211CBFFFCDA0FFC2CF9ED37D1F95E" author="Row, R. W. H." box="[1295,1433,1657,1683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" pagination="287 - 400" refId="ref9510" refString="Row, R. W. H. (1911) In: Report on the sponges, collected by Mr. Cyril Crossland in 1904 - 5. Part II. Non-Calcarea. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 31, 287 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1911. tb 00461. x" type="journal article" year="1911">Row (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Unfortunately, a fragment of
|
||
<typeStatus id="1378D298FFFCDA0FF8C2F909300BF97A" box="[481,579,1693,1719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BC317B9FFFCDA0FFB4AF90931C7F97A" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[617,911,1693,1719]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Ophlitaspongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEB7B028FFFCDA0FFB4AF90931C7F97A" box="[617,911,1693,1719]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Ophlitaspongia arbuscula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
i.e. BMNH 1912.2.1.65 was not available due to covid restrictions in order to do a SEM analysis of the spicules. This labelling mistake was already present when examined by John Hooper in 1996, but not noted. This mislabeling was also not noticed by de Laubenfels, (1954)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |