364 lines
61 KiB
XML
364 lines
61 KiB
XML
<document id="99241C8A41B7E026BB3AB245172D87AB" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930310001597295" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658689" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1617299994540" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kristjánsson, B. K. & Svavarsson, J." docDate="2004" docId="116187A8A039FFE8FE2426FCFC27C9D4" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.38.1881-1894.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 38 (15)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930310001597295" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B3570C21952C5CF44265488F0CE432D6.2:JNatHist.2003-2004.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="B3570C21952C5CF44265488F0CE432D6" docStyleName="JNatHist.2003-2004.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Crymostygius thingvallensis Kristjánsson & Svavarsson 2004, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1892" masterDocId="ED58FFD0A03DFFE5FFE62271FFFAC871" masterDocTitle="Crymostygidae, a new family of subterranean freshwater gammaridean amphipods (Crustacea) recorded from subarctic Europe" masterLastPageNumber="1894" masterPageNumber="1881" pageNumber="1883" updateTime="1698900259883" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F423F9DC0D0CE8B21BF5F2121D5067E7">Crymostygidae, a new family of subterranean freshwater gammaridean amphipods (Crustacea) recorded from subarctic Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0556DAB5465FF85DE520EB4D47341DB4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D03013F56CB195457FCE0EF6B27B1CE7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0F736014985E6B4679C330E3013155F4">Kristjánsson, B. K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F27D7FA1E7A1DF4297CE8B2FBBA93762">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="66A31E07DCFCA95B7E82CA3D1D7FCE1F">Svavarsson, J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3A5CAF36CCA7BCB0394F11CE81E695EF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="052E8A452A1A267B07B81A613093A6EE">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7D3F0479B37551FBA2BBC6AC869578E2">
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<mods:date id="D7FE18BC0B2EBBF93C413179E3CE61EA">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="59B73BC1750516D38DF9E899BEDC8DE2">2004-08-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="8EF7B582450541CD64BA841EDA97CE26" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="35DB8308715C08FFED12994645A0DDCE">38</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A411E011DF3DD44B29991F9EA09A7BA8">15</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="EED426D92C51D3385C337BFAE2DD9E1F">1881</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="CD8B0922D255EACF3665EF035F3D6914">1894</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="BDFF10E0B6607132FD073ECF99122E26">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930310001597295</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="3A461826903B72D170BE00D76F282359">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F32366FCAB2FC9F01F2C33400BE2C95E" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930310001597295</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DEA8AD3BAC33B03507DDE55AF7DE065F" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="116187A8A039FFE8FE2426FCFC27C9D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:116187A8A039FFE8FE2426FCFC27C9D4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/116187A8A039FFE8FE2426FCFC27C9D4" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="1892" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">
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<subSubSection id="D1D26535A039FFE1FE2426FCFC9BCCD4" box="[450,865,1165,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="997736BEA039FFE1FE2426FCFC9BCCD4" blockId="4.[450,865,1165,1189]" box="[450,865,1165,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">
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<heading id="C23F81D2A039FFE1FE2426FCFC9BCCD4" box="[450,865,1165,1189]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="5EC84D3DA039FFE1FE2426FCFD00CCD4" ID-CoL="ZS8Q" authority="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004" authorityName="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson" authorityYear="2004" box="[450,762,1165,1189]" class="Malacostraca" family="Crymostygidae" genus="Crymostygius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thingvallensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA039FFE1FE2426FCFD00CCD4" bold="true" box="[450,762,1165,1189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">Crymostygius thingvallensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B08F57D7A039FFE1FCE226FCFC9BCCD4" box="[772,865,1165,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D1D26535A039FFE1FDAB26DCFD2CCCB4" box="[589,726,1197,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" type="description">
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<paragraph id="997736BEA039FFE1FDAB26DCFD2CCCB4" blockId="4.[589,726,1197,1221]" box="[589,726,1197,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">
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(
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<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA039FFE1FDB226DCFD37CCB4" box="[596,717,1197,1221]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStart-3="FIG" captionStart-4="FIG" captionStart-5="FIG" captionStartId-0="5.[155,171,1460,1482]" captionStartId-1="6.[159,175,1391,1413]" captionStartId-2="7.[154,170,1449,1471]" captionStartId-3="8.[159,175,1169,1191]" captionStartId-4="9.[164,180,1748,1770]" captionStartId-5="10.[159,175,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox-0="[208,1076,174,1422]" captionTargetBox-1="[191,1062,187,1353]" captionTargetBox-2="[196,1060,174,1403]" captionTargetBox-3="[226,1050,176,1124]" captionTargetBox-4="[194,1068,157,1728]" captionTargetBox-5="[199,1080,172,1439]" captionTargetId-0="figure-69@5.[185,1079,170,1427]" captionTargetId-1="figure-67@6.[191,1085,170,1353]" captionTargetId-2="figure-48@7.[185,1079,170,1410]" captionTargetId-3="figure-168@8.[221,1055,170,1131]" captionTargetId-4="figure-1@9.[185,1079,147,1734]" captionTargetId-5="figure-1@10.[191,1085,170,1446]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionTargetPageId-5="10" captionText-0="FIG. 1. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. Habitus. Scale: 2 mm." captionText-1="FIG. 2. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Antenna 1 (accessory flagellum enlarged); (B) antenna 2; (C) upper lip; (D) left mandible (lacina mobilis, incisor and molar process enlarged); (E) right mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G) maxilla 1; (H) maxilla 2." captionText-2="FIG. 3. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Maxilliped; (B) outer plate of maxilliped; (C) inner plate of maxilliped; (D) gnathopod 1; (E) posterior margin of dactylus of gnathopod 1; (F) palmar margin propodus of gnathopod 1, showing bifid spines and medial setae; (G) gnathopod 2." captionText-3="FIG. 4. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 3; (B) pereopod 4; (C) dactylus of pereopod 4; (D) pereopod 5; (E) propodus and dactylus of pereopod 5." captionText-4="FIG. 5. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 6; (B) pereopod 7; (C) dactylus of pereopod 7." captionText-5="FIG. 6. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. (A–G) Female holotype, 18 mm; (H) female paratype, 22 mm. (A) Pleopod 1; (B) coupling spines of pleopod 1; (C) uropod 1; (D) uropod 2; (E) uropod 3 (second segment of outer ramus missing); (F) inner ramus of uropod 3; (G) outline of telson (apical setae and spines missing from holotype); (H) uronites 1–3, telson and uropods 2 and 3." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658691" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658693" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658695" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658697" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658699" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658703" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4658691/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4658693/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4658695/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4658697/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4658699/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/4658703/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">figures 1–6</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D1D26535A039FFE8FF21269DFC27C9D4" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="1892" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="997736BEA039FFE1FF21269DFDCBCD34" blockId="4.[159,1116,1260,1732]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">
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<materialsCitation id="29A03CE3A039FFE1FF21269DFDCBCD34" collectingDate="1998-06-07" collectionCode="IMNH" collectorName="B. K. Kristjansson" country="Iceland" location="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" specimenCode="IMNH 2003.06" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="4673881CA039FFE1FF21269DFEC2CD72" box="[199,312,1260,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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||
: female,
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||
<quantity id="5E309B5BA039FFE1FE4B269DFE01CD75" box="[429,507,1260,1284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
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||
,
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||
<date id="ED76107EA039FFE1FDEB269DFD59CD75" box="[525,675,1260,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" value="1998-06-07">
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||
<collectingDate id="FD32E996A039FFE1FDEB269DFD59CD75" box="[525,675,1260,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" value="1998-06-07">7 June 1998</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
, Vatnsvik (64‡14’46̎N, 21‡03’19̎W), Thingvallavatn,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E1DF762EA039FFE1FEB8277CFE4BCD54" box="[350,433,1293,1317]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">Iceland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA039FFE1FE25277CFDE3CD54" box="[451,537,1293,1317]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[154,170,1355,1377]" captionTargetBox="[189,1076,174,1320]" captionTargetId="figure-88@11.[185,1079,170,1322]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 7. Location of Iceland and Lake Thingvallavatn. The large recent glaciers, Langjökull, Hofsjökull and Vatnajökull, are shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658705/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">figure 7</figureCitation>
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), groundwater inflow, electric fishing, coll.
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<collectorName id="343D5368A039FFE1FBFD277CFEC8CD34" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">B. K. Kristjánsson</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCode id="C96E9EC5A039FFE1FEA7275CFE06CD34" box="[321,508,1325,1349]" collectionCode="IMNH" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">IMNH 2003.06</specimenCode>
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||
.17.1.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="997736BEA039FFE1FF21273DFECFCE74" blockId="4.[159,1116,1260,1732]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">
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||
<materialsCitation id="29A03CE3A039FFE1FF21273DFBDFCDD4" collectingDate="2000-08-09" collectionCode="IMNH" collectorName="Vatnsvik & Thingvallavatn & B. K. Kristjansson & G. A. Olafsdottir" country="Iceland" location="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" specimenCode="IMNH 2003.06" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<typeStatus id="4673881CA039FFE1FF21273DFEC5CD12" box="[199,319,1356,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
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: female,
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||
<quantity id="5E309B5BA039FFE1FE4D273DFE03CD15" box="[427,505,1356,1380]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
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||
,
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||
<date id="ED76107EA039FFE1FDE0273DFD4BCD15" box="[518,689,1356,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" value="2000-08-09">
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||
<collectingDate id="FD32E996A039FFE1FDE0273DFD4BCD15" box="[518,689,1356,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" value="2000-08-09">9 August 2000</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName id="343D5368A039FFE1FD58273DFCD9CD15" box="[702,803,1356,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">Vatnsvik</collectorName>
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(64‡14’46̎N, 21‡03’19̎W),
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<collectorName id="343D5368A039FFE1FF79271CFEB4CDF4" box="[159,334,1389,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">Thingvallavatn</collectorName>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="E1DF762EA039FFE1FE8C271CFE3ACDF4" box="[362,448,1389,1413]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">Iceland</collectingCountry>
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||
, groundwater outflow, electric fishing, coll.
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<collectorName id="343D5368A039FFE1FBE9271CFED5CDD4" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">B. K. Kristjánsson</collectorName>
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||
and
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||
<collectorName id="343D5368A039FFE1FE9127FCFDB7CDD4" box="[375,589,1415,1445]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">G. Á. Ólafsdóttir</collectorName>
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||
, preserved in alcohol,
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||
<specimenCode id="C96E9EC5A039FFE1FC8E27FCFBDFCDD4" box="[872,1061,1421,1445]" collectionCode="IMNH" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">IMNH 2003.06</specimenCode>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
<materialsCitation id="29A03CE3A039FFE1FBCF27FCFF07CE74" collectingDate="2003-06-30" collectionCode="IMNH" collectorName="B. K. Kristjansson" country="Iceland" location="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" specimenCode="IMNH 2003.07" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
17.2. Juvenile,
|
||
<quantity id="5E309B5BA039FFE1FEEC27DCFEA2CDB4" box="[266,344,1453,1477]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="ED76107EA039FFE1FE8227DCFE01CDB4" box="[356,507,1453,1477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" value="2003-06-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FD32E996A039FFE1FE8227DCFE01CDB4" box="[356,507,1453,1477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" value="2003-06-30">30 June 2003</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
, Vatnsvik (64‡14’46̎N, 21‡03’19̎W), Thingvallavatn,
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<collectingCountry id="E1DF762EA039FFE1FF7927BCFF0FCD94" box="[159,245,1485,1509]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">Iceland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, groundwater inflow, electric fishing, coll.
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||
<collectorName id="343D5368A039FFE1FCEB27BCFC0DCD94" box="[781,1015,1485,1509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">B. K. Kristjánsson</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="C96E9EC5A039FFE1FBED27BCFF07CE74" collectionCode="IMNH" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">IMNH 2003.07</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.03.1.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="997736BEA039FFE1FF23247CFDE8CE55" blockId="4.[159,1116,1260,1732]" box="[197,530,1548,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">
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||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA039FFE1FF23247CFEC3CE54" box="[197,313,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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As for the genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="997736BEA039FFE0FF23245CFBD8CE4E" blockId="4.[159,1116,1260,1732]" lastBlockId="5.[154,1111,1507,1732]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1884" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">
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||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA039FFE1FF23245CFEB6CE34" box="[197,332,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">Description.</emphasis>
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Adult body length
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||
<quantity id="5E309B5BA039FFE1FDA1245DFD40CE35" box="[583,698,1580,1604]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="18.0">18–22 mm</quantity>
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||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA039FFE1FD29245DFCD9CE35" box="[719,803,1580,1604]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[155,171,1460,1482]" captionTargetBox="[208,1076,174,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-69@5.[185,1079,170,1427]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. Habitus. Scale: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658691/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883">figure 1</figureCitation>
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). Body long and slender, unpigmented. Indication of eye pigment. Pleonites with several fine setae on posterior margin. Uronites unfused, uronites 1 and 2 with posterodorsal clusters of differently sized setae, single posterodorsal seta in each setae cluster on uronites 1, 2 and on uronite 3 (female
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<typeStatus id="4673881CA039FFE1FDEF24DDFD97CEB5" box="[521,621,1708,1732]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1883" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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||
only with spines in cluster on uronite 2). Interantennal lobe of head evenly rounded anteriorly, inferior antennal sinus moderately deep (
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||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA038FFE0FE9C2474FE18CE6C" box="[378,482,1541,1565]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[155,171,1460,1482]" captionTargetBox="[208,1076,174,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-69@5.[185,1079,170,1427]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. Habitus. Scale: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658691/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1884">figure 1C</figureCitation>
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||
). Coxae shallow, contiguous, posterior margin of coxa 4 without excavation. Distoposterior corners of pleonal plates rounded.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CDB76636A038FFE0FF7D27C5FBADCDBB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658691" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658691" box="[155,1111,1460,1482]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658691/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1884" startId="5.[155,171,1460,1482]" targetBox="[208,1076,174,1422]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA038FFE0FF7D27C5FBADCDBB" blockId="5.[155,1111,1460,1482]" box="[155,1111,1460,1482]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1884">
|
||
FIG. 1.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5EC84D3DA038FFE0FF1227C5FDF6CDB8" authority="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004" authorityName="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson" authorityYear="2004" box="[244,524,1460,1481]" class="Malacostraca" family="Crymostygidae" genus="Crymostygius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="1884" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thingvallensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA038FFE0FF1227C5FDF6CDB8" box="[244,524,1460,1481]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1884">Crymostygius thingvallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B08F57D7A038FFE0FDFA27C5FDADCDBB" box="[540,599,1460,1482]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1884" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Female holotype, 18 mm. Habitus. Scale: 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA038FFE0FF242436FEB9CEB5" blockId="5.[154,1111,1507,1732]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1884">
|
||
Antenna 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA038FFE0FEAC2436FE49CE2E" box="[330,435,1607,1631]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[159,175,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[191,1062,187,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-67@6.[191,1085,170,1353]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Antenna 1 (accessory flagellum enlarged); (B) antenna 2; (C) upper lip; (D) left mandible (lacina mobilis, incisor and molar process enlarged); (E) right mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G) maxilla 1; (H) maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658693/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1884">figure 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
) 43–53% length of body, about 125% longer than antenna 2; peduncle segment 1 80% of combined length of segments 2 and 3; primary flagellum with about 30 segments; accessory flagellum three-segmented, terminal segment short.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CDB76636A03BFFE3FF79271EFD79CDA4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658693" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885" startId="6.[159,175,1391,1413]" targetBox="[191,1062,187,1353]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA03BFFE3FF79271EFD79CDA4" blockId="6.[159,1116,1391,1493]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885">
|
||
FIG. 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5EC84D3DA03BFFE3FF1F271EFDE3CDF5" authority="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004" authorityName="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson" authorityYear="2004" box="[249,537,1391,1412]" class="Malacostraca" family="Crymostygidae" genus="Crymostygius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thingvallensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA03BFFE3FF1F271EFDE3CDF5" box="[249,537,1391,1412]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885">Crymostygius thingvallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B08F57D7A03BFFE3FDD4271EFD8FCDF4" box="[562,629,1391,1413]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Antenna 1 (accessory flagellum enlarged); (B) antenna 2; (C) upper lip; (D) left mandible (lacina mobilis, incisor and molar process enlarged); (E) right mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G) maxilla 1; (H) maxilla 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA03BFFE3FF212479FD23CE33" blockId="6.[159,1116,1544,1732]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885">
|
||
Antenna 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA03BFFE3FEA82479FE4ECE51" box="[334,436,1544,1568]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[159,175,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[191,1062,187,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-67@6.[191,1085,170,1353]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Antenna 1 (accessory flagellum enlarged); (B) antenna 2; (C) upper lip; (D) left mandible (lacina mobilis, incisor and molar process enlarged); (E) right mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G) maxilla 1; (H) maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885">figure 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) with peduncular segment 5 subequal to segment 4, 46% of length of flagellum. Flagellum with 14 segments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA03BFFE3FF21243BFC3DCE13" blockId="6.[159,1116,1544,1732]" box="[199,967,1610,1634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885">
|
||
Upper lip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA03BFFE3FEAC243BFE48CE13" box="[330,434,1610,1634]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[159,175,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[191,1062,187,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-67@6.[191,1085,170,1353]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Antenna 1 (accessory flagellum enlarged); (B) antenna 2; (C) upper lip; (D) left mandible (lacina mobilis, incisor and molar process enlarged); (E) right mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G) maxilla 1; (H) maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885">figure 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
) evenly rounded, fine setae on distal margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA03BFFE2FF212418FBADCED0" blockId="6.[159,1116,1544,1732]" lastBlockId="7.[154,1111,1605,1697]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="1886" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885">
|
||
Mandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA03BFFE3FEA12418FE4BCEF0" box="[327,433,1641,1665]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[159,175,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[191,1062,187,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-67@6.[191,1085,170,1353]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Antenna 1 (accessory flagellum enlarged); (B) antenna 2; (C) upper lip; (D) left mandible (lacina mobilis, incisor and molar process enlarged); (E) right mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G) maxilla 1; (H) maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885">figure 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
) well developed. Left lacina mobilis seven-dentate, incisor five-dentate, nine large spines and some small in spine row; molar pointed, truncated distally, one long seta subapically. Palp with three segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA03BFFE3FC0924DDFBADCEB5" box="[1007,1111,1708,1732]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[159,175,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[191,1062,187,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-67@6.[191,1085,170,1353]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Antenna 1 (accessory flagellum enlarged); (B) antenna 2; (C) upper lip; (D) left mandible (lacina mobilis, incisor and molar process enlarged); (E) right mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G) maxilla 1; (H) maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1885">figure 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
; segment 3 missing in left mandible of
|
||
<typeStatus id="4673881CA03AFFE2FD9F2434FD1ACE2C" box="[633,736,1605,1629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1886" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, second segment regenerating), segment 2 with 15 plumose setae on lateral margin, 72% of length of segment 3; segment 3 with four or five long plumose E-setae, row of more than 35 short
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CDB76636A03AFFE2FF7C27D8FCCECE7F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658695" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658695/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1886" startId="7.[154,170,1449,1471]" targetBox="[196,1060,174,1403]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA03AFFE2FF7C27D8FCCECE7F" blockId="7.[154,1110,1449,1550]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1886">
|
||
FIG. 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5EC84D3DA03AFFE2FF1227D8FDF5CDCF" authority="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004" authorityName="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson" authorityYear="2004" box="[244,527,1449,1470]" class="Malacostraca" family="Crymostygidae" genus="Crymostygius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="1886" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thingvallensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA03AFFE2FF1227D8FDF5CDCF" box="[244,527,1449,1470]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1886">Crymostygius thingvallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B08F57D7A03AFFE2FDC427D8FDA5CDCE" box="[546,607,1449,1471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1886" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Maxilliped; (B) outer plate of maxilliped; (C) inner plate of maxilliped; (D) gnathopod 1; (E) posterior margin of dactylus of gnathopod 1; (F) palmar margin propodus of gnathopod 1, showing bifid spines and medial setae; (G) gnathopod 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA03AFFE2FF7C24DDFDA7CEB5" blockId="7.[154,605,1708,1732]" box="[154,605,1708,1732]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1886">plumose D-setae, pair of long B-setae.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CDB76636A035FFEDFF7926E0FE9BCCAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658697" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658697/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887" startId="8.[159,175,1169,1191]" targetBox="[226,1050,176,1124]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA035FFEDFF7926E0FE9BCCAD" blockId="8.[159,1116,1169,1244]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">
|
||
FIG. 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5EC84D3DA035FFEDFF1F26E0FDE9CCD7" authority="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004" authorityName="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson" authorityYear="2004" box="[249,531,1169,1190]" class="Malacostraca" family="Crymostygidae" genus="Crymostygius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thingvallensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA035FFEDFF1F26E0FDE9CCD7" box="[249,531,1169,1190]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">Crymostygius thingvallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B08F57D7A035FFEDFDC326E0FD9BCCD6" box="[549,609,1169,1191]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 3; (B) pereopod 4; (C) dactylus of pereopod 4; (D) pereopod 5; (E) propodus and dactylus of pereopod 5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA035FFEDFF212775FCD4CD4C" blockId="8.[159,1116,1284,1732]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">
|
||
Lower lip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA035FFEDFEA82775FE4CCD6D" box="[334,438,1284,1308]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[159,175,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[191,1062,187,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-67@6.[191,1085,170,1353]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Antenna 1 (accessory flagellum enlarged); (B) antenna 2; (C) upper lip; (D) left mandible (lacina mobilis, incisor and molar process enlarged); (E) right mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G) maxilla 1; (H) maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658693/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">figure 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
, slightly damaged, inner lobes presumably missing) with outer lobes evenly rounded; fine setae on distal margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA035FFEDFF212734FBEDCDB1" blockId="8.[159,1116,1284,1732]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">
|
||
Maxilla 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA035FFEDFEA02734FE49CD2C" box="[326,435,1349,1373]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[159,175,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[191,1062,187,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-67@6.[191,1085,170,1353]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Antenna 1 (accessory flagellum enlarged); (B) antenna 2; (C) upper lip; (D) left mandible (lacina mobilis, incisor and molar process enlarged); (E) right mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G) maxilla 1; (H) maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658693/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">figure 2G</figureCitation>
|
||
): inner plate ovate, medial row of six plumose setae, small setae apically. Outer plate apically with about 17 spines, medial margin of spines with 19–24 denticles. Palp two-segmented, segment 2 apically and subapically with short plumose setae and six simple setae, one longer plumose seta laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA035FFEDFF2127B9FD08CE70" blockId="8.[159,1116,1284,1732]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">
|
||
Maxilla 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA035FFEDFEAF27B9FE4CCD91" box="[329,438,1480,1504]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[159,175,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[191,1062,187,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-67@6.[191,1085,170,1353]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Antenna 1 (accessory flagellum enlarged); (B) antenna 2; (C) upper lip; (D) left mandible (lacina mobilis, incisor and molar process enlarged); (E) right mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G) maxilla 1; (H) maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658693/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">figure 2H</figureCitation>
|
||
): both plates with similar armature, larger setae on inner plate, outer plate with single group of distal setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA035FFEDFF212478FBE7CEF5" blockId="8.[159,1116,1284,1732]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">
|
||
Maxilliped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA035FFEDFEBC2478FE3DCE50" box="[346,455,1545,1569]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[154,170,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[196,1060,174,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-48@7.[185,1079,170,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Maxilliped; (B) outer plate of maxilliped; (C) inner plate of maxilliped; (D) gnathopod 1; (E) posterior margin of dactylus of gnathopod 1; (F) palmar margin propodus of gnathopod 1, showing bifid spines and medial setae; (G) gnathopod 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658695/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">figure 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
): outer plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA035FFEDFD642478FD12CE50" box="[642,744,1545,1569]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[154,170,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[196,1060,174,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-48@7.[185,1079,170,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Maxilliped; (B) outer plate of maxilliped; (C) inner plate of maxilliped; (D) gnathopod 1; (E) posterior margin of dactylus of gnathopod 1; (F) palmar margin propodus of gnathopod 1, showing bifid spines and medial setae; (G) gnathopod 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658695/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">figure 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
) with about six blade spines subapically; apically about six plumose setae distally, about 16 naked setae on inner margin. Inner plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA035FFEDFE69243BFE0CCE13" box="[399,502,1610,1634]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[154,170,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[196,1060,174,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-48@7.[185,1079,170,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Maxilliped; (B) outer plate of maxilliped; (C) inner plate of maxilliped; (D) gnathopod 1; (E) posterior margin of dactylus of gnathopod 1; (F) palmar margin propodus of gnathopod 1, showing bifid spines and medial setae; (G) gnathopod 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658695/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">figure 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with five blade-like spines and six plumose setae on apical and subapical inner margin. Dactylus with fairly long, uncurved nail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA035FFEEFF2124FAFBACCEF3" blockId="8.[159,1116,1284,1732]" lastBlockId="11.[154,1111,1472,1666]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="1890" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">
|
||
Gnathopod 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA035FFEDFE9424FAFE26CED2" box="[370,476,1675,1699]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[154,170,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[196,1060,174,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-48@7.[185,1079,170,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Maxilliped; (B) outer plate of maxilliped; (C) inner plate of maxilliped; (D) gnathopod 1; (E) posterior margin of dactylus of gnathopod 1; (F) palmar margin propodus of gnathopod 1, showing bifid spines and medial setae; (G) gnathopod 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658695/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1887">figure 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
) stout; coxal plate longer than wide, with several setae anteriorly and distally; posterior margin of basis with clusters of long setae; basis and merus posterodistally fringed with slender setae; ischium posteriorly with four rows of marginal setae; carpus evenly convex posterodistally, eight rows of marginal setae; propodus ovoid, much longer than carpus, palmar margin slightly oblique, no distinct angle; palmar margin with about 19 bifid spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA036FFEEFC532457FBE1CE4F" box="[949,1051,1574,1598]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[154,170,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[196,1060,174,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-48@7.[185,1079,170,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Maxilliped; (B) outer plate of maxilliped; (C) inner plate of maxilliped; (D) gnathopod 1; (E) posterior margin of dactylus of gnathopod 1; (F) palmar margin propodus of gnathopod 1, showing bifid spines and medial setae; (G) gnathopod 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658695/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1890">figure 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
) and rows with few setae; dactylus about 70% of propodus length; dactylus with row of blade-like processes on posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA036FFEEFD98241BFD1CCEF3" box="[638,742,1642,1666]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[154,170,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[196,1060,174,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-48@7.[185,1079,170,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Maxilliped; (B) outer plate of maxilliped; (C) inner plate of maxilliped; (D) gnathopod 1; (E) posterior margin of dactylus of gnathopod 1; (F) palmar margin propodus of gnathopod 1, showing bifid spines and medial setae; (G) gnathopod 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658695/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1890">figure 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
); unguis about 33% of dactylus
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CDB76636A034FFECFF4224A5FCB7CF75" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658699" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1888" startId="9.[164,180,1748,1770]" targetBox="[194,1068,157,1728]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA034FFECFF4224A5FCB7CF75" blockId="9.[164,1101,1748,1796]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1888">
|
||
FIG. 5.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5EC84D3DA034FFECFF1B24A5FDEFCE98" authority="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004" authorityName="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson" authorityYear="2004" box="[253,533,1748,1769]" class="Malacostraca" family="Crymostygidae" genus="Crymostygius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="1888" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thingvallensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA034FFECFF1B24A5FDEFCE98" box="[253,533,1748,1769]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1888">Crymostygius thingvallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B08F57D7A034FFECFDC324A5FD9ACE9B" box="[549,608,1748,1770]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1888" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 6; (B) pereopod 7; (C) dactylus of pereopod 7.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="CDB76636A037FFEFFF7927BDFD5BCE3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658703" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658703/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1889" startId="10.[159,175,1484,1506]" targetBox="[199,1080,172,1439]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA037FFEFFF7927BDFD5BCE3D" blockId="10.[159,1116,1484,1612]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1889">
|
||
FIG. 6.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5EC84D3DA037FFEFFF1F27BDFDECCD90" authority="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004" authorityName="Kristjánsson & Svavarsson" authorityYear="2004" box="[249,534,1484,1505]" class="Malacostraca" family="Crymostygidae" genus="Crymostygius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="1889" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thingvallensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA037FFEFFF1F27BDFDECCD90" box="[249,534,1484,1505]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1889">Crymostygius thingvallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B08F57D7A037FFEFFDCC27BDFD90CD93" box="[554,618,1484,1506]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1889" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(A–G) Female holotype, 18 mm; (H) female paratype, 22 mm. (A) Pleopod 1; (B) coupling spines of pleopod 1; (C) uropod 1; (D) uropod 2; (E) uropod 3 (second segment of outer ramus missing); (F) inner ramus of uropod 3; (G) outline of telson (apical setae and spines missing from holotype); (H) uronites 1–3, telson and uropods 2 and 3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="CDB76636A036FFEEFF7C273AFCB0CD0D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658705" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658705/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1890" startId="11.[154,170,1355,1377]" targetBox="[189,1076,174,1320]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA036FFEEFF7C273AFCB0CD0D" blockId="11.[154,1111,1355,1404]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1890">FIG. 7. Location of Iceland and Lake Thingvallavatn. The large recent glaciers, Langjökull, Hofsjökull and Vatnajökull, are shown.</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA036FFEEFF7C24FCFF12CED4" blockId="11.[154,1110,1677,1732]" box="[154,232,1677,1701]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1890">length.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA036FFE9FF2424DDFC3CC994" blockId="11.[154,1110,1677,1732]" lastBlockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="1891" pageId="11" pageNumber="1890">
|
||
Gnathopod 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA036FFEEFE8D24DDFE22CEB5" box="[363,472,1708,1732]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[154,170,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[196,1060,174,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-48@7.[185,1079,170,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Maxilliped; (B) outer plate of maxilliped; (C) inner plate of maxilliped; (D) gnathopod 1; (E) posterior margin of dactylus of gnathopod 1; (F) palmar margin propodus of gnathopod 1, showing bifid spines and medial setae; (G) gnathopod 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658695/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1890">figure 3G</figureCitation>
|
||
, gills not shown) stout, longer than gnathopod 1; coxal plate longer than wide, with several setae anteriorly and distally; basis longer than basis of gnathopod 1, posterior margin of basis with seven clusters of long setae; basis and merus posterodistally fringed with slender setae; ischium posteriorly with two rows of marginal setae; carpus angular posterodistally, seven rows of marginal setae, posterodistally numerous setae; propodus longer than propodus of gnathopod 1; much longer than carpus, palmar margin slightly oblique, no distinct angle; palmar margin with about 16 bifid spines on distal part of margin; eight rows with several setae proximally, few setae on distal margin, medio-anteriorly five rows of setae; dactylus about 58% of propodus length; dactylus with row of blade-like processes on posterior margin; unguis about 31% of dactylus length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA031FFE9FF21239CFBEECA14" blockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">
|
||
Pereopods 3 and 4 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FE48239CFDC3CA74" box="[430,569,493,517]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[159,175,1169,1191]" captionTargetBox="[226,1050,176,1124]" captionTargetId="figure-168@8.[221,1055,170,1131]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 3; (B) pereopod 4; (C) dactylus of pereopod 4; (D) pereopod 5; (E) propodus and dactylus of pereopod 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658697/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figure 4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) slender, subequal in length; coxal plate longer than wide, with several setae anteriorly and distally. Basis slender; anteriorly, posteriorly and medially fringed with slender setae; dactylus about 35% of propodus length, several fine setae on posterior margin of dactylus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FC7A203CFBFCCA14" box="[924,1030,589,613]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[159,175,1169,1191]" captionTargetBox="[226,1050,176,1124]" captionTargetId="figure-168@8.[221,1055,170,1131]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 3; (B) pereopod 4; (C) dactylus of pereopod 4; (D) pereopod 5; (E) propodus and dactylus of pereopod 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658697/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figure 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA031FFE9FF21201CFBF4CAB4" blockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">
|
||
Pereopods 5–7 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FE99201CFE0FCAF4" box="[383,501,621,645]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[159,175,1169,1191]" captionTargetBox="[226,1050,176,1124]" captionTargetId="figure-168@8.[221,1055,170,1131]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 3; (B) pereopod 4; (C) dactylus of pereopod 4; (D) pereopod 5; (E) propodus and dactylus of pereopod 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658697/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figures 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FDE5201CFDBDCAF4" box="[515,583,621,645]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[164,180,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[194,1068,157,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[185,1079,147,1734]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 5. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 6; (B) pereopod 7; (C) dactylus of pereopod 7." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658699/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">5A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) longer than pereopods 3 and 4, increasing in length towards posterior end. Basis slender, several fine setae on posterior margin of dactylus, increasing in numbers on posterior pereopods (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FCBA20DCFC35CAB4" box="[860,975,685,709]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[159,175,1169,1191]" captionTargetBox="[226,1050,176,1124]" captionTargetId="figure-168@8.[221,1055,170,1131]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 3; (B) pereopod 4; (C) dactylus of pereopod 4; (D) pereopod 5; (E) propodus and dactylus of pereopod 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658697/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figures 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FC3820DCFBFBCAB4" box="[990,1025,685,709]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[164,180,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[194,1068,157,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[185,1079,147,1734]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 5. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 6; (B) pereopod 7; (C) dactylus of pereopod 7." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658699/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA031FFE9FF2120BCFDC1CB54" blockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">
|
||
Stalked, club-shaped coxal gills present on gnathopod 2 and pereopods 3–6. Pair of lateral sternal gills on pereonites 3–7. Brood-plates present on pereopods 2–5, long and slender (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FE4B217CFDF7CB54" box="[429,525,781,805]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[154,170,1449,1471]" captionTargetBox="[196,1060,174,1403]" captionTargetId="figure-48@7.[185,1079,170,1410]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 3. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Maxilliped; (B) outer plate of maxilliped; (C) inner plate of maxilliped; (D) gnathopod 1; (E) posterior margin of dactylus of gnathopod 1; (F) palmar margin propodus of gnathopod 1, showing bifid spines and medial setae; (G) gnathopod 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658695/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figures 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FDFB217CFDD7CB54" box="[541,557,781,805]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[159,175,1169,1191]" captionTargetBox="[226,1050,176,1124]" captionTargetId="figure-168@8.[221,1055,170,1131]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 4. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. Female holotype, 18 mm. (A) Pereopod 3; (B) pereopod 4; (C) dactylus of pereopod 4; (D) pereopod 5; (E) propodus and dactylus of pereopod 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658697/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA031FFE9FF21215CFC59CBD4" blockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">
|
||
Pleopods 1–3 similar, biramous, unmodified, peduncle bearing two coupling spines. Pleopod 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FE91213CFDF8CB14" box="[375,514,845,869]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[159,175,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox="[199,1080,172,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-1@10.[191,1085,170,1446]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. (A–G) Female holotype, 18 mm; (H) female paratype, 22 mm. (A) Pleopod 1; (B) coupling spines of pleopod 1; (C) uropod 1; (D) uropod 2; (E) uropod 3 (second segment of outer ramus missing); (F) inner ramus of uropod 3; (G) outline of telson (apical setae and spines missing from holotype); (H) uronites 1–3, telson and uropods 2 and 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658703/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figure 6A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) outer ramus with at least 16 free segments and few fused segments proximally, inner ramus with at least 13 segments and few fused segments proximally. Similar segmentation on posterior pleopods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA031FFE9FF2121DCFCE1CC74" blockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">
|
||
Uropod 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FEB721DCFE43CBB4" box="[337,441,941,965]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[159,175,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox="[199,1080,172,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-1@10.[191,1085,170,1446]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. (A–G) Female holotype, 18 mm; (H) female paratype, 22 mm. (A) Pleopod 1; (B) coupling spines of pleopod 1; (C) uropod 1; (D) uropod 2; (E) uropod 3 (second segment of outer ramus missing); (F) inner ramus of uropod 3; (G) outline of telson (apical setae and spines missing from holotype); (H) uronites 1–3, telson and uropods 2 and 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658703/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figure 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
) slender, with about 11 spines on dorsal surface. Inner ramus with five apical spines, seven spines on dorsal surface. Outer ramus with four apical spines and about nine spines on dorsal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA031FFE9FF21267CFBA6CCF4" blockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">
|
||
Uropod 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FEBB267CFE3DCC54" box="[349,455,1037,1061]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[159,175,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox="[199,1080,172,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-1@10.[191,1085,170,1446]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. (A–G) Female holotype, 18 mm; (H) female paratype, 22 mm. (A) Pleopod 1; (B) coupling spines of pleopod 1; (C) uropod 1; (D) uropod 2; (E) uropod 3 (second segment of outer ramus missing); (F) inner ramus of uropod 3; (G) outline of telson (apical setae and spines missing from holotype); (H) uronites 1–3, telson and uropods 2 and 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658703/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figure 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two spines on dorsolateral margin, one seta dorsodistally, four setae on dorsomedial margin. Inner ramus slightly longer than outer ramus, about as long as peduncle, with five apical spines and four spines on dorsal surface. Outer ramus with four apical spines and six spines on dorsal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA031FFE9FF2126FCFEDBCD34" blockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">
|
||
Uropod 3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FEB226FCFDF7CCD4" box="[340,525,1165,1189]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[159,175,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox="[199,1080,172,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-1@10.[191,1085,170,1446]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. (A–G) Female holotype, 18 mm; (H) female paratype, 22 mm. (A) Pleopod 1; (B) coupling spines of pleopod 1; (C) uropod 1; (D) uropod 2; (E) uropod 3 (second segment of outer ramus missing); (F) inner ramus of uropod 3; (G) outline of telson (apical setae and spines missing from holotype); (H) uronites 1–3, telson and uropods 2 and 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658703/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figure 6E, F, H</figureCitation>
|
||
) approximately 11.6% of body length. Peduncle small, one spine ventrodistally. Inner ramus vestigial, about as long as penduncle, 10% of length of outer ramus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FE1B26BCFD9CCC94" box="[509,614,1229,1253]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[159,175,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox="[199,1080,172,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-1@10.[191,1085,170,1446]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. (A–G) Female holotype, 18 mm; (H) female paratype, 22 mm. (A) Pleopod 1; (B) coupling spines of pleopod 1; (C) uropod 1; (D) uropod 2; (E) uropod 3 (second segment of outer ramus missing); (F) inner ramus of uropod 3; (G) outline of telson (apical setae and spines missing from holotype); (H) uronites 1–3, telson and uropods 2 and 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658703/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figure 6F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Inner ramus distally with four small setae. Outer ramus two-segmented, with several apical spines on first segment, clusters of spines on lateral and medial margins; second segment with fine setae apically (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FF41275CFEEECD34" box="[167,276,1325,1349]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[159,175,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox="[199,1080,172,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-1@10.[191,1085,170,1446]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. (A–G) Female holotype, 18 mm; (H) female paratype, 22 mm. (A) Pleopod 1; (B) coupling spines of pleopod 1; (C) uropod 1; (D) uropod 2; (E) uropod 3 (second segment of outer ramus missing); (F) inner ramus of uropod 3; (G) outline of telson (apical setae and spines missing from holotype); (H) uronites 1–3, telson and uropods 2 and 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658703/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figure 6H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA031FFE9FF21273CFC06CDD4" blockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">
|
||
Telson (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA031FFE9FEC4273CFE77CD14" box="[290,397,1357,1381]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[159,175,1484,1506]" captionTargetBox="[199,1080,172,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-1@10.[191,1085,170,1446]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 6. Crymostygius thingvallensis, n. sp. (A–G) Female holotype, 18 mm; (H) female paratype, 22 mm. (A) Pleopod 1; (B) coupling spines of pleopod 1; (C) uropod 1; (D) uropod 2; (E) uropod 3 (second segment of outer ramus missing); (F) inner ramus of uropod 3; (G) outline of telson (apical setae and spines missing from holotype); (H) uronites 1–3, telson and uropods 2 and 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658703/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">figure 6G</figureCitation>
|
||
) longer than broad, apical margin truncated with indication of small notch, apparently two to three spines and setae on apical lobes (female
|
||
<typeStatus id="4673881CA031FFE9FF7927FCFEF9CDD4" box="[159,259,1421,1445]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
with two setae and single seta respectively on each apical lobe).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA031FFE9FF2327DCFF2ACE14" blockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA031FFE9FF2327DCFEBFCDB4" box="[197,325,1453,1477]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named after the place Thingvellir (Þingvellir in Icelandic). The name means meeting (þing) and fields (vellir) and the Vikings came to þingvalla (thingvalla). In 930–1262 the Viking-Age settlers of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E1DF762EA031FFE9FC51279CFBF0CE74" box="[951,1034,1517,1541]" name="Iceland" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">Iceland</collectingCountry>
|
||
established a remarkable society with an annual national assembly, the Althingi, as its most important institution, which met at Thingvellir. The gender is masculine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA031FFE8FF23241CFD0DC894" blockId="12.[159,1116,173,1732]" lastBlockId="13.[154,1111,173,422]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="1892" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA031FFE9FF23241CFECACEF4" box="[197,304,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Only the female is known of this species. The species was collected at a spring inlet in Thingvallavatn. The lake, its formation, geology and its limnic ecosystem have been extensively studied (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD594B4FA031FFE9FD1E24DDFC49CEB5" author="JONASSON, P. M." box="[760,947,1708,1732]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1891" pagination="15 - 31" refId="ref4515" refString="JONASSON, P. M., 1992, Thingvallavatn research history, Oikos, 64, 15 - 31." type="journal article" year="1992">Jónasson, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The lake is about 90% fed by groundwater (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD594B4FA030FFE8FDC722DCFCACC8B4" author="ADALSTEINSSON, H. & JONASSON, P. M. & RIST, S." box="[545,854,173,198]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1892" pagination="121 - 135" refId="ref4089" refString="ADALSTEINSSON, H., JONASSON, P. M. and RIST, S., 1992, Physical characteristics of Thingvallavatn, Iceland, Oikos, 64, 121 - 135." type="journal article" year="1992">
|
||
Adalsteinsson
|
||
<emphasis id="ABBCEAACA030FFE8FD2B22DFFCFBC8B7" box="[717,769,174,198]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="1892">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1992
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Around 20% of the groundwater inflow occurs at and nearby Vatnsvik.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="997736BEA030FFE8FF24229CFC27C9D4" blockId="13.[154,1111,173,422]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1892">
|
||
In the Vatnsvik area the groundwater is characterized by stability in temperature around 3‡C (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD594B4FA030FFE8FE3F2379FD6AC954" author="OLAFSSON, J." box="[473,656,264,294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1892" pagination="151 - 161" refId="ref4630" refString="OLAFSSON, J., 1992, Chemical characteristics and trace elements of Thingvallavatn, Oikos, 64, 151 - 161." type="journal article" year="1992">Ólafsson, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The groundwater originates mainly from the ice cap of glacier Langjökull (
|
||
<figureCitation id="01F32A3BA030FFE8FDBB235CFD48C934" box="[605,690,301,325]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[154,170,1355,1377]" captionTargetBox="[189,1076,174,1320]" captionTargetId="figure-88@11.[185,1079,170,1322]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 7. Location of Iceland and Lake Thingvallavatn. The large recent glaciers, Langjökull, Hofsjökull and Vatnajökull, are shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658705/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="1892">figure 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) and flows from its origin under the glacier towards the springs in less than 10 years (see discussion in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD594B4FA030FFE8FC76233CFE8EC9F4" author="SVEINBJORNSDOTTIR, A. E. & JOHNSEN, S. J." pageId="13" pageNumber="1892" pagination="136 - 150" refId="ref4812" refString="SVEINBJORNSDOTTIR, A. E. and JOHNSEN, S. J., 1992, Stable isotope study of the Thingvallavatn area. Groundwater origin, age and evaporation models, Oikos, 64, 136 - 150." type="journal article" year="1992">Sveinbjörnsdóttir and Johnsen, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The water flows through Eldborgir lava which has been dated at the age of 9130¡260 years (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD594B4FA030FFE8FDED23FCFD18C9D4" author="KJARTANSSON, G." box="[523,738,397,421]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1892" pagination="101 - 113" refId="ref4536" refString="KJARTANSSON, G., 1964, 14 C ages of some postglacial lavas in South-Iceland, Natturufraedingurinn, 34, 101 - 113 (in Icelandic)." type="journal article" year="1964">Kjartansson, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD594B4FA030FFE8FD1723FCFC2BC9D4" author="SAEMUNDSSON, K." box="[753,977,397,421]" pageId="13" pageNumber="1892" pagination="40 - 68" refId="ref4712" refString="SAEMUNDSSON, K., 1992, Geology of the Thingvallavatn area, Oikos, 64, 40 - 68." type="journal article" year="1992">Saemundsson, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |