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<mods:title id="8C9F13968590067D6AFE52909EFF73B5">Revision of the Recent Alvania scabra (Philippi, 1844) complex (Mollusca, Gastropoda Rissoidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C31F8BBCC3153745FF0543B3FDCE71A5" box="[151,611,441,468]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF0543B3FDCE71A5" blockId="38.[151,611,441,503]" box="[151,611,441,468]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<heading id="D0F26F5BC3153745FF0543B3FDCE71A5" bold="true" box="[151,611,441,468]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FF0543B3FDCE71A5" ID-CoL="CBHF" authority="Segers, 1999" authorityName="Segers" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,611,441,468]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grancanariensis">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF0543B3FDCE71A5" bold="true" box="[151,611,441,468]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF0543B3FE6C71A5" bold="true" box="[151,449,441,468]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania grancanariensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF94A5C6C3153745FE5A43B3FDCE71A5" author="Segers, W." box="[456,611,441,467]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" pagination="82 - 87" refId="ref29011" refString="Segers, W. (1999) Alvania grancanariensis new species from the Canary Islands (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). Gloria Maris, 37 (5 - 6), 82 - 87, pl. 8." type="journal article" year="1999">Segers, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31F8BBCC3153745FF0543D7FE2F7181" box="[151,386,477,503]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF0543D7FE2F7181" blockId="38.[151,611,441,503]" box="[151,386,477,503]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
(
<figureCitation id="133EC4B2C3153745FF0D43D7FF5E7181" box="[159,243,477,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1792,1817]" captionTargetBox="[280,1307,181,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[280,1307,181,1767]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 19. Alvania spp. A, B. Alvania canariensis (dOrbigny, 1840), Candelara la Caleta, Tenerife, Canary Island (Spain), height 2 mm (BA). C, D. Alvania sp. aff. canariensis (dOrbigny, 1840), Gando Bay, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands (Spain), height 1. 85 mm (BA). E, F. Alvania canariensis (dOrbigny, 1840), Monterosato coll. ex Mac Andrew coll., MCZR-M-30074, Canary Islands (Spain), height 1.8 mm with original label. G, H. Alvania angioyi vanAartsen, 1982, Biscoitos, Terceira (Azores), 1 m depth, height 1.7 mm (JT, JDO). IK. Alvania sp., Monterosato coll. ex Mac Andrew coll., MCZR-M-30074, Azores, height 2 mm. LP. Alvania grancanariensis Segers, 1999, Maspalomas, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands (Spain) height 1.7 mm (L: JT, JDO), 1.7 mm (M: JT, JDO), 1.85 mm (NP: JT, JDO)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3773019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3773019/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Figs 19</figureCitation>
LP; 17GI)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F8BBCC3153745FF05402BFCA372ED" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF05402BFD0D724F" blockId="38.[151,672,544,569]" box="[151,672,544,569]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB15FF19C3153745FF05402BFD0D724F" box="[151,672,544,569]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA4FE26C3153745FF05402BFDE9724F" author="Segers, W." box="[151,580,545,569]" page="82" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FF05402BFDE9724F" ID-CoL="CBHF" authority="Segers, 1999: 82" authorityName="Segers" authorityPageNumber="82" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,580,545,569]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grancanariensis">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF05402BFE3C724F" box="[151,401,545,569]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania grancanariensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF94A5C6C3153745FE05402BFDE9724F" author="Segers, W." box="[407,580,545,569]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" pagination="82 - 87" refId="ref29011" refString="Segers, W. (1999) Alvania grancanariensis new species from the Canary Islands (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). Gloria Maris, 37 (5 - 6), 82 - 87, pl. 8." type="journal article" year="1999">Segers, 1999: 82</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, figs 13
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF054069FEEA720A" blockId="38.[151,782,611,667]" box="[151,327,611,636]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Other references.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF054088FCA372ED" blockId="38.[151,782,611,667]" box="[151,782,642,667]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB15FF19C3153745FF054088FCA372ED" box="[151,782,642,667]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FF054088FE3C72EC" ID-CoL="CBHF" authorityName="Segers" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,401,642,666]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grancanariensis">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF054088FE3C72EC" box="[151,401,642,666]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania grancanariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA4FE26C3153745FE0C4088FD2572ED" author="Rolan, E. &amp; Hernandez, J. M. &amp; Swinnen, F. &amp; Gomez, R. &amp; Perez, J. M." box="[414,648,642,667]" page="130" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EF94A5C6C3153745FE0C4088FD2572ED" author="Rolan, E. &amp; Hernandez, J. M. &amp; Swinnen, F. &amp; Gomez, R. &amp; Perez, J. M." box="[414,648,642,667]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" refId="ref28731" refString="Rolan, E., Hernandez, J. M., Swinnen, F., Gomez, R. &amp; Perez, J. M. (2011) Moluscos y Conchas Marinas de Canarias. Conch- Books, Hackenheim, 716 pp., 130 pls." type="book" year="2011">
Rolán
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FE734089FDB772EC" box="[481,538,642,666]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">et al.,</emphasis>
2011: 130
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 39EG.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F8BBCC3153745FF0540C3FD7B7339" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF0540C3FBB37371" blockId="38.[151,1437,712,1243]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF0540C3FEE57295" bold="true" box="[151,328,712,739]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Type Material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6DD26AC3153745FEDC40C3FBB37371" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609028723" collectionCode="KBIN, ZMA" collectorName="Segers &amp; Swinnen &amp; Zorn &amp; Gran Canaria Is." location="Maspalomas" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Canarias" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54BE6695C3153745FEDC40C3FE1B7295" box="[334,438,713,739]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED1440F2C3153745FE2F40C3FDA97295" box="[445,516,713,739]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">KBIN</collectionCode>
.28739, type 484;
<typeStatus id="54BE6695C3153745FD5E40C3FC917295" box="[716,828,713,739]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
: 53 sh (
<collectorName id="26F0BDE1C3153745FC0240C3FC717295" box="[912,988,713,739]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Segers</collectorName>
coll.), 7 sh (
<collectorName id="26F0BDE1C3153745FBF540C3FB667295" box="[1127,1227,713,739]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Swinnen</collectorName>
coll.), 15 sh (
<collectorName id="26F0BDE1C3153745FAF640C3FA317295" box="[1380,1436,713,739]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Zorn</collectorName>
coll.), 4 sh (
<collectionCode id="ED1440F2C3153745FE8E40E7FECD7371" box="[284,352,749,775]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">ZMA</collectionCode>
), type locality:
<location id="8EDA8EECC3153745FD9F40E7FD307371" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC6921C3153745FF0543B3FAEC76FD:8EDA8EECC3153745FD9F40E7FD307371" box="[525,669,749,775]" name="Maspalomas" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" stateProvince="Canarias">Maspalomas</location>
,
<collectorName id="26F0BDE1C3153745FD3B40E7FCCF7371" box="[681,866,749,775]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Gran Canaria Is.</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="49C116D5C3153745FCFD40E7FBB77371" box="[879,1050,749,775]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF55411AFD7B7339" blockId="38.[151,1437,712,1243]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF55411AFE1D735D" bold="true" box="[199,432,784,811]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49C116D5C3153745FE25411BFDF3735D" box="[439,606,785,811]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
: Gando (Gran Canaria Is.),
<quantity id="4CFD75D2C3153745FC05411BFC62735D" box="[919,975,785,811]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" unit="m" value="48.0">48 m</quantity>
depth, 5 sh (
<collectionCode id="ED1440F2C3153745FBCC411BFBD1735D" box="[1118,1148,785,811]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">JT</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED1440F2C3153745FB1A411BFB6D735D" box="[1160,1216,785,811]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">JDO</collectionCode>
); Los Gigantes (Tenerife Is.),
<quantity id="4CFD75D2C3153745FE80413EFED87339" box="[274,373,820,847]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" unit="m" value="22.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="10.0">1035 m</quantity>
depth,
<date id="FFBBFEF7C3153745FE5A413FFD8A7339" box="[456,551,821,847]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" value="1994-12">xii.1994</date>
, 8 sh (
<collectionCode id="ED1440F2C3153745FDFD413FFD677339" box="[623,714,821,847]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">CS-PM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F8BBCC3153745FF554152FCE37305" box="[199,846,856,883]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF554152FCE37305" blockId="38.[151,1437,712,1243]" box="[199,846,856,883]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF554152FECC7305" bold="true" box="[199,353,856,883]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49C116D5C3153745FEF54153FDBE7305" box="[359,531,857,883]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
: Gran Canaria and Tenerife.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F8BBCC3153745FF554177FAEC76FD" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF554177FD3B74AD" blockId="38.[151,1437,712,1243]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF554177FE9673E1" bold="true" box="[199,315,893,919]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species was originally described as having a robust shell, bright orange-yellow protoconch and first teleoconch whorls, translucent pale whitish-yellowish last teleoconch whorls. However, specimens with monochrome whitish shells or with pale subsutural brownish blotches, and with the protoconch nucleus brown, are not rare. Furthermore, the material examined and the figures in
<bibRefCitation id="EF94A5C6C3153745FCC541E3FB8F7475" author="Rolan, E. &amp; Hernandez, J. M. &amp; Swinnen, F. &amp; Gomez, R. &amp; Perez, J. M." box="[855,1058,1001,1027]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" refId="ref28731" refString="Rolan, E., Hernandez, J. M., Swinnen, F., Gomez, R. &amp; Perez, J. M. (2011) Moluscos y Conchas Marinas de Canarias. Conch- Books, Hackenheim, 716 pp., 130 pls." type="book" year="2011">
Rolán
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FC3241E0FC7C7475" box="[928,977,1001,1027]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">et al</emphasis>
. (2011
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 39F, G) always show a spiral sculpture of four cords above the aperture (rarely 3), starting with two cords (not three as originally described). It is worth mentioning that the
<typeStatus id="54BE6695C3153745FE4B463BFD96743D" box="[473,571,1073,1099]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FDF2463BFC98743D" authorityName="Segers" authorityYear="1999" box="[608,821,1073,1099]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grancanariensis">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FDF2463BFC98743D" box="[608,821,1073,1099]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">A. grancanariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has two initial cords, whereas the specimen figured by
<bibRefCitation id="EF94A5C6C3153745FF05465FFEFB7419" author="Segers, W." box="[151,342,1109,1135]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" pagination="82 - 87" refId="ref29011" refString="Segers, W. (1999) Alvania grancanariensis new species from the Canary Islands (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia). Gloria Maris, 37 (5 - 6), 82 - 87, pl. 8." type="journal article" year="1999">Segers (1999: 82</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 2) with three cords was not part of the type material, and may belong to a different species.
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FA16465FFEE074E5" authorityName="Segers" authorityYear="1999" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grancanariensis">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FA16465FFEE074E5" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">A. grancanariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FE474673FDD874E5" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[469,629,1145,1171]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canariensis">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FE474673FDD874E5" box="[469,629,1145,1171]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">A. canariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its lighter colour, with the first whorls of more or less intense orange; the dark spot on the protoconch nucleus, not marked; the more delicate sculpture on the teleoconch. It was sympatric with easily separable shells of
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FE7C46CBFD3B74AD" box="[494,662,1217,1243]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FE7C46CBFD3F74AD" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[494,658,1217,1243]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canariensis">A. canariensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF054727FE347531" blockId="38.[151,409,1325,1351]" box="[151,409,1325,1351]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF054727FE347531" bold="true" box="[151,409,1325,1351]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Concluding remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAD837C3153745FF05477FFAEC76FD" blockId="38.[151,1437,1397,1675]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
We have revised the species of the
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FDB5477FFD7175F9" box="[551,732,1397,1423]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FDB5477FFDD375F9" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1826" box="[551,638,1397,1423]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Alvania</taxonomicName>
scabra-
</emphasis>
complex with a focus on the Mediterranean Sea. Based on the scanty fossil record, the origin of this group seems younger than other lineages of
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FBA54793FB2375C5" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1826" box="[1079,1166,1433,1459]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FBA54793FB2375C5" box="[1079,1166,1433,1459]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FB5D4793FD3075A1" authority="(Sandberger, 1863) (Garilli &amp; Parrinello 2014)" authorityName="Garilli &amp; Parrinello" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Sandberger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="areolifera">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FB5D4793FA3175C5" box="[1231,1436,1433,1459]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania areolifera</emphasis>
(Sandberger, 1863) (Garilli &amp; Parrinello 2014)
</taxonomicName>
appearing in the Oligocene). We consider the following species to be valid:
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FF7247EBFDE7758D" authority="(Philippi, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[224,586,1505,1531]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF7247EBFE21758D" box="[224,396,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania scabra</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF94A5C6C3153745FE0E47EBFDEF758D" author="Philippi, R. A." box="[412,578,1505,1531]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" pagination="1 - 298" refId="ref28412" refString="Philippi, R. A. (1844) Fauna molluscorum viventium et in tellure tertiaria fossilium regni utriusque Siciliae. Halis Saxonum, II, 1 - 298, pls. XIII-XXVIII." type="journal article" year="1844">Philippi, 1844</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FDC547EBFBA2758D" authority="(Monterosato, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Monterosato" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[599,1039,1505,1531]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sculptilis">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FDC547EBFCB1758D" box="[599,796,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania sculptilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF94A5C6C3153745FCBF47EBFBA5758D" author="Monterosato, T. A." box="[813,1032,1505,1531]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" pagination="24 - 49" refId="ref27526" refString="Monterosato, T. A. (1877) Note sur quelques coquilles provenant des cotes d'Algerie. Journal de Conchyliologie, 25 (1), 24 - 49, pls. V-VI." type="journal article" year="1877">Monterosato, 1877</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FB8F47EBFF7F7669" authority="Granata-Grillo, 1877" authorityName="Granata-Grillo" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sororcula">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FB8F47EBFB45758D" box="[1053,1256,1505,1531]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania sororcula</emphasis>
Granata-Grillo, 1877
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FF4E440FFD937669" authority="Oberling, 1970" authorityName="Oberling" authorityYear="1970" box="[220,574,1541,1567]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lucinae">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF4E440FFE217669" box="[220,396,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania lucinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF94A5C6C3153745FE01440FFD937669" author="Oberling, J. J." box="[403,574,1541,1567]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref27969" refString="Oberling, J. J. (1970) Quelques especes nouvelles de Gasteropodes du basin Mediterraneen. Kleine Mitteilungen, naturhistorisches Museum Bern, 1, 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1970">Oberling, 1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FDDB440FFBB57669" authority="Oliver &amp; Templado, 2009" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Templado" authorityYear="2009" box="[585,1048,1541,1567]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="josefoi">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FDDB440FFD5C7669" box="[585,753,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania josefoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF94A5C6C3153745FD65440FFBB57669" author="Oliver, J. D. &amp; Templado, J." box="[759,1048,1541,1567]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" pagination="57 - 66" refId="ref28032" refString="Oliver, J. D. &amp; Templado, J. (2009) Dos nuevas especies del genero Alvania (Caenogastropoda Rissoidae) de las islas Baleares. Iberus, 27, 57 - 66." type="journal article" year="2009">Oliver &amp; Templado, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FBB1440FFAC07669" authority="Villari, 2017" authorityName="Villari" authorityYear="2017" box="[1059,1389,1541,1567]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scuderii">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FBB1440FFB777669" box="[1059,1242,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania scuderii</emphasis>
Villari, 2017
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FF054423FEEB7635" authority="Amati &amp; Appolloni &amp; Giulio &amp; Scuderi &amp; Smriglio &amp; Oliverio, 2020" authorityName="Amati &amp; Appolloni &amp; Giulio &amp; Scuderi &amp; Smriglio &amp; Oliverio" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,326,1577,1603]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pizzinii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF054423FEEB7635" box="[151,326,1577,1603]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Alvania pizzinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FEDF4423FE217635" bold="true" box="[333,396,1577,1603]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A242B95EC3153745FEDF4423FE217635" box="[333,396,1577,1603]" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
All species have paucispiral protoconchs indicating non-planktotrophic larval development. Only
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FF454447FEEE7611" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[215,323,1613,1639]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FF454447FEEE7611" box="[215,323,1613,1639]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">A. scabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a wide range, spanning almost the entire Mediterranean (with some local gaps to be checked). All other species have seemingly restricted ranges, and all are sympatric with
<taxonomicName id="4C05A3B4C3153745FB92447BFBC676FD" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[1024,1131,1649,1675]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Alvania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="38" pageNumber="453" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scabra">
<emphasis id="B9710425C3153745FB92447BFBC676FD" box="[1024,1131,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">A. scabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="133EC4B2C3153745FBE8447BFB6F76FD" box="[1146,1218,1649,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1606,1631]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,1068,1578]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,1065,1581]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution of Alvania scabra (Philippi, 1844), based on the material examined and checked literature data. Red dots, Recent records; blue dot, fossil records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772987/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133EC4B2C3153745FB5D447BFB7376FD" box="[1231,1246,1649,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1940,1965]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,1402,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,1399,1915]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 8. Distribution based on the material examined and checked literature data. Red dots, Alvania sculptilis (Monterosato, 1877). Light blue (Recent) and blue (fossil) dots, Alvania lucinae Oberling, 1970." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772997/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133EC4B2C3153745FB79447BFAA476FD" box="[1259,1289,1649,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,723,748]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,184,694]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,181,697]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution based on the material examined and checked literature data. Red dots, Alvania josefoi Oliver &amp; Templado, 2009. Light-blue dots, Alvania sororcula (Granata-Grillo, 1877)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3773001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3773001/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133EC4B2C3153745FA87447BFA9976FD" box="[1301,1332,1649,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1496,1521]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,958,1468]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,955,1471]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 13. Distribution based on the material examined and checked literature data. Red dots, Alvania scuderii Villari, 2017. Light-blue dots, Alvania pizzinii n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3773007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3773007/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="453">13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>