299 lines
39 KiB
XML
299 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="709DA18924888EB689E958547D61CE7E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.198648" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d641fc5e-8628-40bc-8324-cb1d842af024" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="198648" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460309135346" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kobayashi, Tadashi" docDate="2010" docId="03A08A1FFF90FFA9FF7FFB17B6980935" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02644p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2644" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Tanypus formosanus Niitsuma 2001" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FF99F267FF9FFFB8FFE8FFCCB5250C08" masterDocTitle="A systematic review of the genus Tan yp u s Meigen from Japan, with a description of T. n ak aza toi sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae)" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698253965679" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="42FE6D0D3ED55BC65818C6E2D1A5CADB">A systematic review of the genus Tan yp u s Meigen from Japan, with a description of T. n ak aza toi sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9806F5EBA0477627B4AC6BAB75D5203A">Kobayashi, Tadashi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="047831FDAD4781F142C45B3464D5B7BA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="35D4D9402738DDFA982DD4392D730058">
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<mods:date id="3A6331B066420E9F7B20A5E25D025D93">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="33D6C9558F4DEB11A3EC8C728143FDFE">2644</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F05FA4D3AB9E6BE45A16D420E79BFF54" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.198648</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A08A1FFF90FFA9FF7FFB17B6980935" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5625464" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119400711" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5625464" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A08A1FFF90FFA9FF7FFB17B6980935" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A08A1FFF90FFA9FF7FFB17B6980935" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="C3136882FF90FFB7FF7FFB17B69C096B" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB63B09FF90FFB7FF7FFB17B78808FD" blockId="15.[151,685,1243,1269]" box="[151,685,1243,1269]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">
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<heading id="D0FE8C65FF90FFB7FF7FFB17B78808FD" bold="true" box="[151,685,1243,1269]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FF7FFB17B78808FD" ID-CoL="54Q7T" authority="Niitsuma (2001)" authorityName="Niitsuma" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,685,1243,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FF7FFB17B78808FD" bold="true" box="[151,685,1243,1269]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FF7FFB17B4B608FD" bold="true" box="[151,403,1243,1269]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">Tanypus formosanus</emphasis>
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sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF90FFB7FE0EFB17B78808FD" author="Niitsuma" box="[486,685,1243,1269]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" refString="Niitsuma, H. (2001) The immature stages of Tanypus formosanus (Kieffer) (Diptera: Chironomidae). Species Diversity, 6, 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="2001">Niitsuma (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB63B09FF90FFB7FF7FFAEFB69C096B" blockId="15.[151,1437,1315,2013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF90FFB7FF7FFAEFB47C0935" author="Niitsuma" box="[151,345,1315,1341]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" refString="Niitsuma, H. (2001) The immature stages of Tanypus formosanus (Kieffer) (Diptera: Chironomidae). Species Diversity, 6, 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="2001">Niitsuma (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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stated that the species reported or described previously in
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<collectingCountry id="F31E7B99FF90FFB7FBFBFAEFB1730935" box="[1043,1110,1315,1341]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">Japan</collectingCountry>
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as
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FB96FAEFB5F7096B" authority="Meigen, 1818" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1818" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctipennis">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FB96FAEFB0170934" box="[1150,1330,1315,1340]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. punctipennis</emphasis>
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Meigen, 1818
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</taxonomicName>
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is
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FF1CFA85B744096B" authority="(Kieffer, 1912a)" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[244,609,1353,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FF1CFA85B4BC096A" box="[244,409,1353,1378]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. formosanus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF90FFB7FE40FA85B77C096B" author="Kieffer" box="[424,601,1353,1379]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1912 a) Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Tendipedidae (Diptera). Supplementa Entomologica, 1, 27 - 43." type="journal article" year="1912" yearSuffix="a">Kieffer, 1912a</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. This thesis is herein revised.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3136882FF90FFA9FF2DFAA2B6980935" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB63B09FF90FFA9FF2DFAA2B4650CF4" blockId="15.[151,1437,1315,2013]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,152,1341]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">
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The descriptions on
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FE5DFAA2B77E098F" box="[437,603,1390,1415]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FE5DFAA2B77E098F" box="[437,603,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. formosanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF90FFB7FD60FAA2B61C0980" author="Kieffer" box="[648,825,1390,1416]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1912 a) Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Tendipedidae (Diptera). Supplementa Entomologica, 1, 27 - 43." type="journal article" year="1912" yearSuffix="a">Kieffer (1912a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF90FFB7FCAEFAA2B6B50980" author="Kieffer" box="[838,912,1390,1416]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1916 a) Tendipedides (Chironomides) de Formose, conserves au Museum National Hongrois de Budapest et determines. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 14, 81 - 121." type="journal article" year="1916" yearSuffix="a">1916a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF90FFB7FC75FAA2B6880980" author="Kieffer" box="[925,941,1390,1416]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1916 b) Tendipedidae (Dipt.). Supplementa Entomologica, 5, 114 - 117." type="journal article" year="1916" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
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) were based on adults only, and there had been no descriptions of immature stages published before Niitsuma’s report (l.c.). Thus, identification of immatures based on the early descriptions is impossible, and the differences in adult characteristics of
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FA6EFA75B40209FF" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FA6EFA75B40209FF" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. formosanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on Kieffer’s descriptions and the material examined are uncertain. The evidences by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF90FFB7FF7FF9CFB47E0A15" author="Niitsuma" box="[151,347,1539,1565]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" refString="Niitsuma, H. (2001) The immature stages of Tanypus formosanus (Kieffer) (Diptera: Chironomidae). Species Diversity, 6, 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="2001">Niitsuma (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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are stated in the ‘Introduction’ of his article. Two characters are pointed out for separation the two species compared - the length of palpomeres and empodium. According to Niitsuma (l.c.) ‘they (his specimens) differ from
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FE46F982B7460A6F" box="[430,611,1614,1639]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctipennis">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FE46F982B7460A6F" box="[430,611,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. punctipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the palpal segment III, which is longer than segment II, and in the empodium, which is half as long as the claws. In the latter species (
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FC45F9BFB1450A84" box="[941,1120,1651,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctipennis">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FC45F9BFB1450A84" box="[941,1120,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. punctipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), palpomeres II and III are subequal (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF90FFB7FEF8F955B49D0ABB" author="Sublette" box="[272,440,1689,1715]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" refString="Sublette, J. E. (1964) Chironomid Midges of California II. Tanypodinae, Podonominae, and Diamesinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 115, 85 - 135." type="journal article" year="1964">Sublette 1964</bibRefCitation>
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) and the empodium is as long as the claws (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF90FFB7FC2FF955B14E0ABB" author="Roback" box="[967,1131,1689,1715]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" refString="Roback, S. S. (1966) Notes on Tanypodinae Types in European Museums (Dipt.: Chironomidae). Entomological News, 77 (5), 113 - 132." type="journal article" year="1966">Roback 1966</bibRefCitation>
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). The features of the palp and empodium match those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FDC5F972B7C30ADF" box="[557,742,1726,1751]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FDC5F972B7C30ADF" box="[557,742,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. formosanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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described by Kieffer, better than they do those of
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FA6DF972B41D0AF4" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FA6DF972B4110AF4" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctipennis">T. punctipennis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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’ First, the Sublette’s report (1964) does not include data on
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FBFBF92FB1EF0AF4" box="[1043,1226,1763,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctipennis">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FBFBF92FB1EF0AF4" box="[1043,1226,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. punctipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the two new species, i.e.
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FEC2F8C5B72E0B2A" box="[298,523,1801,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neopunctipennis">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FEC2F8C5B72E0B2A" box="[298,523,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. neopunctipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FDAFF8C5B7F30B2A" box="[583,726,1801,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinatus">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FDAFF8C5B7F30B2A" box="[583,726,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. carinatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the specimens from the
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<collectingCountry id="F31E7B99FF90FFB7FB98F8C5B0310B2B" box="[1136,1300,1801,1827]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">United States</collectingCountry>
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, which had been misidentified with
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FE57F8E2B75D0B4F" box="[447,632,1838,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctipennis">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FE57F8E2B75D0B4F" box="[447,632,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. punctipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Malloch. Therefore, Niitsuma’s quotation about the lengths of palpomere is ineffective. Secondly, concerning the empodium character, Kieffer’s description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FA6DF89FB4040B9A" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FA6DF89FB4040B9A" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. formosanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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expresses ‘claws twice as long as empodium’, and
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF90FFB7FC61F8B5B1020B9B" author="Roback" box="[905,1063,1913,1939]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" refString="Roback, S. S. (1966) Notes on Tanypodinae Types in European Museums (Dipt.: Chironomidae). Entomological News, 77 (5), 113 - 132." type="journal article" year="1966">Roback 1966</bibRefCitation>
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described ‘empodium about as long as claws’ based on the
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<typeStatus id="54B285ABFF90FFB7FE1BF852B7020BB0" box="[499,551,1950,1976]" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF90FFB7FDBAF852B6280BBF" box="[594,781,1950,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctipennis">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF90FFB7FDBAF852B6280BBF" box="[594,781,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="40">T. punctipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Europe. However, empodium is a fine hair-like structure, indistinct even under high magnification. It is questionable, whether length of empodium is a stable character, or whether the length of this structure could be the only character for separation the species. Presumably,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FEDCFF71B4D80CDF" author="Niitsuma" box="[308,509,189,215]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Niitsuma, H. (2001) The immature stages of Tanypus formosanus (Kieffer) (Diptera: Chironomidae). Species Diversity, 6, 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="2001">Niitsuma (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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||
did not know the key character of wing patterns advocated by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FAEBFF71B4180CF4" author="Langton" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Langton, P. H. & Pinder, L. C. V. (2007) Keys to the adult male Chironomidae of Britain and Ireland. Vol. 1. No. 64, Freshwater Biological Association Scientific Publication, UK, 239 pp." type="book" year="2007">Langton and Pinder (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF766B81FF8FFFA8FF7FF81BB1D80BE7" box="[151,1277,2007,2031]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198655/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="41" targetBox="[223,1373,243,1969]" targetPageId="16">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB63B09FF8FFFA8FF7FF81BB1D80BE7" blockId="16.[151,1277,2007,2031]" box="[151,1277,2007,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="41">
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||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8FFFA8FF7FF81BB4780BE7" bold="true" box="[151,349,2007,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="41">FIGURES 33–34.</emphasis>
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Collecting sites of
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<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8FFFA8FDC4F814B7D60BE7" box="[556,755,2008,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nakazatoi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8FFFA8FDC4F814B7D60BE7" box="[556,755,2008,2031]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="41">Tanypus nakazatoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8FFFA8FD11F81BB66A0BE7" bold="true" box="[761,847,2007,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24E5A60FF8FFFA8FD11F81BB66A0BE7" box="[761,847,2007,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(33) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8FFFA8FC5DF814B1E60BE7" authority="(Kieffer)" authorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" box="[949,1219,2008,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8FFFA8FC5DF814B17B0BE7" box="[949,1118,2008,2031]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="41">Tanypus kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
(Kieffer)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(34).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB63B09FF8EFFA9FF2DFEC4B15008A0" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,1341]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FF2DFEC4B4AE0D2A" author="Niitsuma" box="[197,395,264,290]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Niitsuma, H. (2001) The immature stages of Tanypus formosanus (Kieffer) (Diptera: Chironomidae). Species Diversity, 6, 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="2001">Niitsuma (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also evidenced that his adult specimens belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FC18FEC4B1BC0D29" box="[1008,1177,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FC18FEC4B1BC0D29" box="[1008,1177,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. formosanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, not to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FB10FEC4B04C0D29" box="[1272,1385,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FB10FEC4B04C0D29" box="[1272,1385,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He listed up three characters: in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FE06FEE1B77B0D4E" box="[494,606,301,326]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FE06FEE1B77B0D4E" box="[494,606,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
‘(i) the adult with a relatively high foreleg ratio (higher than 1), (ii) a bare, slender gonostylus in the male hypopygium (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FD03FE9EB6A30D64" author="Kieffer" box="[747,902,338,364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1913) Nouveaux Chironomides (Tendipedides) d'Allemagne. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Metz, 28, 1 - 35." type="journal article" year="1913">Kieffer 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FC7AFE9EB6F50D64" author="Kieffer" box="[914,976,338,364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1918) Beschreibung neuer, auf Lazarettschiffen des oestichen Kriegsschauplatzes und bei Ignalino in Litauen von Dr. W. Horn gesammelter Chironomiden, mit Uebersichtstabellen einiger Gruppen von palaearktischen Arten (Dipt.). Entomologische Mittelungen, 7 / 9, 163 - 170." type="journal article" year="1918">1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FC35FE9EB19F0D64" author="Goetghebuer" box="[989,1210,338,364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Goetghebuer, M. (1936) 13 b. Tendipedidae (Chironomidae). a) Subfamilie Pelopiinae (Tanypodinae). Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region 13 b, 1 - 138." type="journal article" year="1936">Goetghebuer 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and (iii) the larva with six to seven lateral teeth on the dorsomentum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FD1AFEBBB16A0D9A" author="Zavrel" box="[754,1103,375,402]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Zavrel, J. & Thienemann, A. (1921) Die Metamorphose der Tanypinen (II. Teil). Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, 2, 655 - 784." type="journal article" year="1921">Zavřel and Thienemann 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FBB3FEB4B0AC0D9A" author="Fittkau" box="[1115,1417,376,402]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Fittkau, E. J. & Roback, S. S. (1983) 5. The larvae of Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region - Key and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic region, Keys and diagnoses. Part 1. Larvae. Entomologica scandinavica Supplement, 19, 33 - 112." type="journal article" year="1983">Fittkau and Roback 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)’. Regarding (i), ‘fore tibia equal ta1’ by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FDB1FE51B6160DBF" author="Kieffer" box="[601,819,413,439]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1913) Nouveaux Chironomides (Tendipedides) d'Allemagne. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Metz, 28, 1 - 35." type="journal article" year="1913">Kieffer (1913: 15)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; ‘fore tibia not longer than the ta1’ by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FB1CFE51B5EA0DD7" author="Kieffer" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1918) Beschreibung neuer, auf Lazarettschiffen des oestichen Kriegsschauplatzes und bei Ignalino in Litauen von Dr. W. Horn gesammelter Chironomiden, mit Uebersichtstabellen einiger Gruppen von palaearktischen Arten (Dipt.). Entomologische Mittelungen, 7 / 9, 163 - 170." type="journal article" year="1918">Kieffer (1918: 165)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FEDDFE09B7630DD7" author="Goetghebuer" box="[309,582,453,479]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Goetghebuer, M. (1936) 13 b. Tendipedidae (Chironomidae). a) Subfamilie Pelopiinae (Tanypodinae). Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region 13 b, 1 - 138." type="journal article" year="1936">Goetghebuer (1936: 7)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, the European specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FBE4FE0AB1590DD7" box="[1036,1148,454,479]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FBE4FE0AB1590DD7" box="[1036,1148,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7B99FF8EFFA9FB64FE09B1D80DD7" box="[1164,1277,453,479]" name="Germany" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Plön) shows 0.87 of fore leg ratio. This ratio varies between 0.79–0.90, 0.86 (16) in spcimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FB46FE27B0040E0C" box="[1198,1313,491,516]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FB46FE27B0040E0C" box="[1198,1313,491,516]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presently examined (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68B0EB2FF8EFFA9FEF2FDDCB4520E22" box="[282,375,528,554]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,239,153,177]" captionText="TABLE 4. Lengths (in μm) and proportions of legs in adults of Tanypus kraatzi (Kieffer) from Lake Kitaura." pageId="17" pageNumber="42">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). In the other specimens having measurable foreleg, identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FB61FDDCB1DC0E21" box="[1161,1273,528,553]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FB61FDDCB1DC0E21" box="[1161,1273,528,553]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Fittkau or Reiss, the ta1 is always shorter than the tibia (Spies, pers. comm.). Concerning (ii), the specimen of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED18A3CCFF8EFFA9FAB6FDF9B0BE0E47" box="[1374,1435,565,591]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
mentioned above, has 14 setae at least on the gonostylus. Similarly,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FC47FD91B5900E95" author="Langton" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Langton, P. H. & Pinder, L. C. V. (2007) Keys to the adult male Chironomidae of Britain and Ireland. Vol. 1. No. 64, Freshwater Biological Association Scientific Publication, UK, 239 pp." type="book" year="2007">Langton and Pinder (2007, vol. 2: fig. 129 C)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrated gonostylus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FE0DFD4FB7760E94" box="[485,595,643,668]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FE0DFD4FB7760E94" box="[485,595,643,668]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bearing setae. Gonostylus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FC52FD4FB10F0E94" box="[954,1066,643,668]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FC52FD4FB10F0E94" box="[954,1066,643,668]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7B99FF8EFFA9FB9CFD4FB1E60E95" box="[1140,1219,643,669]" name="Russia" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
is also never bare (Sergeeva, pers. comm.). According to Spies (pers. comm.), Kieffer had often received the specimens from Thienemann in alcohol vials, thus, one possibility is that the longer setae on the gonostyli were rubbed off, so that the gonostylus appeared ‘bare’ under low magnification. With respect to (iii), number of dorsomental teeth is a variable character. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FD6BFCD4B6FC0F3A" author="Vallenduuk" box="[643,985,792,818]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Vallenduuk, H. J. & Moller Pillot, H. K. M. (2007) Chironomidae Larvae, General ecology and Tanypodinae. KNNV Publishing, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 144 pp." type="book" year="2007">Vallenduuk and Pillot (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, there are ‘usually 6 dorsomental teeth (rarely up to 8)’ in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FE9DFCF2B4C70F5F" box="[373,482,830,855]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FE9DFCF2B4C70F5F" box="[373,482,830,855]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In this study, 2/12 of the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FC5BFCF2B13B0F5F" box="[947,1054,830,855]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FC5BFCF2B13B0F5F" box="[947,1054,830,855]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined have 5 teeth, whereas the remaining have 6 teeth. Measurements of ligula and paraligula of the specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FB37FCAFB0700F74" box="[1247,1365,867,892]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FB37FCAFB0700F74" box="[1247,1365,867,892]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E7B99FF8EFFA9FF7FFC44B4230FAA" box="[151,262,904,930]" name="Germany" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED18A3CCFF8EFFA9FEFFFC44B47D0FAA" box="[279,344,904,930]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
) are as follow: length of ligula 80μm, basal width 39μm, minimum width 30μm, ration of length to basal width 2.05, paraligula with 2 branches, dorsomentum with 7 teeth on each side. These data agree with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FE6DFC1FB4D00FE4" box="[389,501,979,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FE6DFC1FB4D00FE4" box="[389,501,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the present author. After all, the evidences by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FBB9FC1FB0330FE5" author="Niitsuma" box="[1105,1302,979,1005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Niitsuma, H. (2001) The immature stages of Tanypus formosanus (Kieffer) (Diptera: Chironomidae). Species Diversity, 6, 65 - 72." type="journal article" year="2001">Niitsuma (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in order to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FEEEFC35B45E081A" box="[262,379,1017,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FEEEFC35B45E081A" box="[262,379,1017,1042]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and T.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FE35FC35B74B081A" box="[477,622,1017,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FE35FC35B74B081A" box="[477,622,1017,1042]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">formosanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be regarded as unreliable. Regarding characters of larval dorsomental teeth, ligula, paraligula, and other structures, the differences also could not be recognized between Niitsuma’s specimens and the descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FCCEFB8FB6B20854" box="[806,919,1091,1116]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FCCEFB8FB6B20854" box="[806,919,1091,1116]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FC2CFB8FB01E0855" author="Zavrel" box="[964,1339,1091,1117]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Zavrel, J. & Thienemann, A. (1921) Die Metamorphose der Tanypinen (II. Teil). Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, 2, 655 - 784." type="journal article" year="1921">Zavřel and Thienemann (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FAA0FB8FB45D088A" author="Fittkau" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Fittkau, E. J. & Roback, S. S. (1983) 5. The larvae of Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region - Key and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic region, Keys and diagnoses. Part 1. Larvae. Entomologica scandinavica Supplement, 19, 33 - 112." type="journal article" year="1983">Fittkau and Roback (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FE59FBA4B789088A" author="Makarchenko" box="[433,684,1128,1154]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Makarchenko, E. A. (2006) Chironomidae. In: Lelei, A. S. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russina Far East Vol. VI. Diptera and Siphonaptera. Pt. 4. Vladivostok, Dal'nauka Publisher, pp. 204 - 734 (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="2006">Makarchenko (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Taken together, no contradiction was found between the results by the present author and the previous descriptions or keys to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FC85FB42B6F908AF" box="[877,988,1166,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FC85FB42B6F908AF" box="[877,988,1166,1191]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in all stages.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB63B09FF8EFFA9FF2DFB7FB6980935" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,1341]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">
|
||
It is easy to identify the specimens accurately. All morphological data of Niitsuma’s specimens ascribed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FF7FFB15B41808FA" box="[151,317,1241,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FF7FFB15B41808FA" box="[151,317,1241,1266]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. formosanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
show coincidence with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FD2BFB15B61608FA" box="[707,819,1241,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FD2BFB15B61608FA" box="[707,819,1241,1266]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1332278CFF8EFFA9FC9FFB14B6EB08FA" box="[887,974,1240,1266]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[250,1327,932,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[226,1360,918,1878]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 35. Relations between lengths of gonocoxite and gonostylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198656/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FC0CFB15B1B208FA" box="[996,1175,1241,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FC0CFB15B1B208FA" box="[996,1175,1241,1266]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. punctipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FB2DFB14B0BE08FA" author="Tokunaga" box="[1221,1435,1240,1266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Tokunaga, M. (1937 a) Chironomidae from Japan (Diptera) IX. Tanypodinae and Diamesinae. Philippine Journal of Sciences, 62 (1), 21 - 65." type="journal article" year="1937" yearSuffix="a">Tokunaga (1937a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also appears to belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C09408AFF8EFFA9FE28FB32B70B091F" box="[448,558,1278,1303]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tanypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kraatzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DE71BFF8EFFA9FE28FB32B70B091F" box="[448,558,1278,1303]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">T. kraatzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because of the wing spots distance (Plate 2,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1332278CFF8EFFA9FBD7FB32B1B70910" box="[1087,1170,1278,1304]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="7.[151,270,1833,1857]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,214,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,1812]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Tanypus nakazatoi sp. nov. larva. Scale 19, 20, 500 μm; 21 – 24, 100 μm. 19. Head dorsally, 20. Head ventrally, 21. Antenna, 22. Mandible and maxillary palp, 23. Ligula and paraligula, MApp (M appendage), Dm (dorsomentum), Fu (fulcrum), 24. Anal part." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198653/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9846F8FF8EFFA9FB71FB32B07A0910" author="Tokunaga" box="[1177,1375,1278,1304]" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" refString="Tokunaga, M. (1937 a) Chironomidae from Japan (Diptera) IX. Tanypodinae and Diamesinae. Philippine Journal of Sciences, 62 (1), 21 - 65." type="journal article" year="1937" yearSuffix="a">Tokunaga 1937a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), HR 2.0 (based on Plate 2,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1332278CFF8EFFA9FE72FAEFB4CB0935" box="[410,494,1315,1341]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 29" captionStartId="11.[151,273,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[180,1401,615,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[180,1406,611,1951]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 29. Tanypus kraatzi (Kieffer), larva. Scale 25, 27, 28, 50 μm; 26, 100 μm; 29, 200 μm. 25. Ligula and paraligula, 26. Antenna, 27. Dorsomentum and M appendage, 28. Mandible, 29. Anal part." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198654/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="42">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
) and total length of male (
|
||
<quantity id="4CF196ECFF8EFFA9FCCCFAEFB6940935" box="[804,945,1315,1341]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="1.8">1.8–3.3mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |