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<document ID-DOI="10.5733/afin.049.0208" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7911425" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1683578222239" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Davies, Gregory B. P. &amp; Miller, Raymond M." docDate="2008" docId="03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.49.2.131-158.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 49 (2)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.049.0208" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.3:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Parapachycerina munroi Stuckenberg 1971" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="147" masterDocId="FF978338FFE91C60FF82FF80BC47FFFF" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Afrotropical species of Parapachycerina (Diptera: Lauxaniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="131" masterPageNumber="131" pageNumber="145" updateTime="1683606976522" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of the Afrotropical species of Parapachycerina (Diptera: Lauxaniidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Davies, Gregory B. P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Miller, Raymond M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2008-12-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>49</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>131</mods:start>
<mods:end>131</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.049.0208</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5733/afin.049.0208</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7911425</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">
<subSubSection box="[375,872,1470,1495]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="14.[144,1103,1470,1671]" box="[375,872,1470,1495]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">
<heading box="[375,872,1470,1495]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" reason="3">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4D73L" authority="Stuckenberg, 1971" authorityName="Stuckenberg" authorityYear="1971" box="[375,872,1470,1495]" class="Insecta" family="Lauxaniidae" genus="Parapachycerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munroi">
<emphasis box="[375,656,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">Parapachycerina munroi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="STUCKENBERG, B. R." box="[663,872,1470,1495]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" pagination="499 - 610" refId="ref16189" refString="STUCKENBERG, B. R. 1971. A review of the Old World genera of Lauxaniidae (Diptera). Annals of the Natal Museum 20 (3): 499 - 610." type="journal article" year="1971">Stuckenberg, 1971</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[441,806,1510,1535]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="14.[144,1103,1470,1671]" box="[441,806,1510,1535]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">
<figureCitation box="[441,511,1510,1535]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[182,215,1552,1572]" captionTargetBox="[220,1080,262,1524]" captionTargetId="figure-10@3.[220,1103,262,1524]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Parapachycerina munroi Stuckenberg, type species of genus in lateral view. Length approximately 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7911628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7911628/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[525,541,1510,1535]" captionStart="Figs 2, 3" captionStartId="4.[143,182,776,796]" captionTargetBox="[179,1076,201,757]" captionTargetId="figure-325@4.[179,1077,201,760]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 2, 3. (2) Dorsal view of head of Parapachycerina munroi Stuckenberg, (3) oblique lateral view of head of P. lalitra sp. n. Note small anterior fronto-orbital bristles (relative to posterior fronto-orbital bristles), short distance separating fronto-orbital bristles, plumose aristae and long ocellar bristles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7911630" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7911630/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[553,598,1510,1535]" captionStart-0="Figs 4–7" captionStart-1="Figs 8, 9" captionStartId-0="5.[182,221,861,881]" captionStartId-1="6.[144,183,522,542]" captionTargetBox-0="[197,1128,203,842]" captionTargetBox-1="[173,1076,203,504]" captionTargetId-0="figure-294@5.[197,1128,203,842]" captionTargetId-1="figure-439@6.[173,1076,203,504]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="Figs 4–7. (4) Postfrons of Parapachycerina munroi Stuckenberg showing abundant carinae medially, (5) medial section of P. munroi postfrons showing spiculate carinae, (6) anterior view of P. munroi head, (7) supracervical setulae on occiput of P. munroi." captionText-1="Figs 8, 9. (8) Falcate labellar ‘beak’ of Parapachycerina munroi Stuckenberg, (9) labellar ‘scoops’ and ‘prongs’ of P. munroi." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7911634" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7911636" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7911634/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7911636/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">4–9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[610,682,1510,1535]" captionStart="Figs 10–15" captionStartId="7.[182,221,1551,1571]" captionTargetBox="[220,1106,618,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-231@7.[221,1106,928,1535]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 10–15. (10) Profemur of Parapachycerina infuscata sp. n. with ctenidium (comb) of short, stout setulae on anteroventral edge, (11) profemur of P. munroi Stuckenberg without ctenidium, (12) posterior view of P. munroi profemur showing dorsal and ventral rows of setae, (13) presumed grooming comb on distal edge of P. munroi protibia, (14) distoventral mesotibial spurs of P. munroi, (15) sapromyziform costa of P. infuscata sp. n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7911638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7911638/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">11–14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[693,723,1510,1535]" captionStart="Figs 16–19" captionStartId="11.[182,222,1599,1619]" captionTargetBox="[279,1069,662,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-238@11.[279,1069,648,1581]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 16–19. Lateral views of outer ơ terminalia: (16) P. munroi Stuckenberg, (17) P. bispina sp. n., (18) P. infuscata sp. n., (19) P. lalitra sp. n. (protandrium of P. lalitra not illustrated). Abbreviations: cer – cercus, epa – epandrium, pro – protandrium, sur – surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7911642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7911642/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">16</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[735,806,1510,1535]" captionStart="Figs 20–24" captionStartId="15.[181,220,1623,1643]" captionTargetBox="[200,1125,525,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-187@15.[200,1125,525,1074]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figs 20–24. Inner ơ genitalia: (20–22) P. munroi Stuckenberg in dorsal (20), oblique dorsal (21), and ventral (22) views; (23) P. bispina sp. n. and (24) P. infuscata sp. n. in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7911683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7911683/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">20–22</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="145" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="14.[144,1103,1470,1671]" box="[144,1068,1548,1569]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[144,1068,1548,1569]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitation author="STUCKENBERG, B. R." box="[144,596,1548,1569]" page="588" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" year="1971">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4D73L" authority="Stuckenberg, 1971: 588" authorityName="Stuckenberg" authorityPageNumber="588" authorityYear="1971" box="[144,596,1548,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Lauxaniidae" genus="Parapachycerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munroi">
<emphasis box="[144,372,1549,1569]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">Parapachycerina munroi</emphasis>
<materialsCitation box="[377,596,1548,1568]" country="Zambia" location="Nangweshi" municipality="Zambesi River" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" specimenCount="1">
<bibRefCitation author="STUCKENBERG, B. R." box="[377,596,1548,1568]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" pagination="499 - 610" refId="ref16189" refString="STUCKENBERG, B. R. 1971. A review of the Old World genera of Lauxaniidae (Diptera). Annals of the Natal Museum 20 (3): 499 - 610." type="journal article" year="1971">Stuckenberg, 1971: 588</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus box="[603,648,1548,1568]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFE71C6EFD5CF98CBF01F9DF" box="[734,838,1548,1568]" country="Zambia" municipality="Zambesi River" name="Nangweshi" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">Nangweshi</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[847,983,1548,1568]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">Zambesi River</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry box="[992,1064,1548,1568]" name="Zambia" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">Zambia</collectingCountry>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[144,1103,1470,1671]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">
<bibRefCitation author="STUCKENBERG, B. R." box="[170,515,1582,1607]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" pagination="499 - 610" refId="ref16189" refString="STUCKENBERG, B. R. 1971. A review of the Old World genera of Lauxaniidae (Diptera). Annals of the Natal Museum 20 (3): 499 - 610." type="journal article" year="1971">Stuckenberg’s (1971: 588–590</bibRefCitation>
, figs 35 (head), 89–92 (male terminalia)) description was thorough, and does not need to be revisited. However, as mentioned above, the photograph of the wing purportedly of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stuckenberg" authorityYear="1971" box="[578,685,1646,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Lauxaniidae" genus="Parapachycerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munroi">
<emphasis box="[578,685,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="145">P. munroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="STUCKENBERG, B. R." box="[699,907,1646,1671]" pageId="14" pageNumber="145" pagination="499 - 610" refId="ref16189" refString="STUCKENBERG, B. R. 1971. A review of the Old World genera of Lauxaniidae (Diptera). Annals of the Natal Museum 20 (3): 499 - 610." type="journal article" year="1971">Stuckenberg 1971</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 42) is that of
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1143,206,486]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Davies &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2008" box="[181,291,206,230]" class="Insecta" family="Lauxaniidae" genus="Parapachycerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bispina">
<emphasis box="[181,291,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">P. bispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as it shows infuscation of the anterior portion of the wing and cross-veins).
<materialsCitation country="Zambia" latitude="-16.433332" location="This" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="23.333334" municipality="western Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" specimenCount="1">
Furthermore, all
<specimenCount box="[376,558,238,263]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
mentioned in Stuckenberg’s description originated from Nangweshi (
<geoCoordinate box="[377,465,267,295]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" precision="925" value="-16.433332">16°26'S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[468,559,267,295]" degrees="23" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" precision="925" value="23.333334">23°20'E</geoCoordinate>
) in western
<collectingCountry box="[689,777,270,295]" name="Zambia" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Zambia</collectingCountry>
.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFE61C6FFC92FE8EBF06FED8" box="[784,833,270,295]" country="Zambia" latitude="-16.433332" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="23.333334" municipality="western Africa" name="This" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">This</location>
gives an incomplete impression of the distribution of the species.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stuckenberg" authorityYear="1971" box="[595,701,302,326]" class="Insecta" family="Lauxaniidae" genus="Parapachycerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munroi">
<emphasis box="[595,701,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">P. munroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is in fact broadly distributed throughout much of southern and
<collectingMunicipality box="[432,598,334,359]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">western Africa</collectingMunicipality>
, as the following records show
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1143,206,486]" lastBlockId="16.[144,1104,204,431]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">
<materialsCitation box="[181,944,370,390]" collectingDate="1949-09-25" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="Malkin" country="Angola" location="Villa Luso" municipality="Material" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Moxico">
<collectingMunicipality box="[181,256,370,390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Material</collectingMunicipality>
examined:
<collectingCountry box="[355,453,370,390]" name="Angola" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">ANGOLA</collectingCountry>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFE61C6FFE49FEF2BE0CFE79" box="[459,587,370,390]" country="Angola" municipality="Material" name="Villa Luso" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" stateProvince="Moxico">1^Villa Luso</location>
,
<collectingRegion box="[593,664,370,390]" country="Angola" name="Moxico" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Moxico</collectingRegion>
,
<date box="[672,768,370,390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1949-09-25">
<collectingDate box="[672,768,370,390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1949-09-25">25.ix.1949</collectingDate>
</date>
, B.
<collectorName box="[800,864,370,390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Malkin</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[875,938,370,390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">CASC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1960-02" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="B. Machado" country="Angola" location="Dundo" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Moxico">
1ơ
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFE61C6FFC56FEF2B854FE79" box="[980,1043,370,390]" country="Angola" name="Dundo" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" stateProvince="Moxico">Dundo</location>
,
<date box="[1050,1114,370,390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1960-02">
<collectingDate box="[1050,1114,370,390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1960-02">ii.1960</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName pageId="15" pageNumber="146">B. Machado</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[278,347,394,414]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1958-01-23" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="E. S. Ross &amp; R. E. Leech" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" elevation="1280" location="Sabenahouse" municipality="Lumbumbashi" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry box="[365,752,394,414]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO</collectingCountry>
: 1ơ
<collectingMunicipality box="[795,926,394,414]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Lumbumbashi</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFE61C6FFC2BFE0AB858FE61" box="[937,1055,394,414]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" municipality="Lumbumbashi" name="Sabenahouse" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Sabenahouse</location>
,
<quantity box="[1066,1137,394,414]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" unit="m" value="1280.0">
<elevation box="[1066,1137,394,414]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" unit="m" value="1280.0">1280 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date box="[181,265,418,438]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1958-01-23">
<collectingDate box="[181,265,418,438]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1958-01-23">23.i.1958</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[271,354,418,438]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">E.S. Ross</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName box="[377,472,418,438]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">R.E.Leech</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[482,544,418,438]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">CASC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1977-03-01" collectionCode="ZMLU" collectorName="Cederholm" country="Gambia" location="Situ Sinjang" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry box="[556,648,418,438]" name="Gambia" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">GAMBIA</collectingCountry>
:1^at road junction to
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFE61C6FFCC8FE22BFF3FE49" box="[842,948,418,438]" country="Gambia" name="Situ Sinjang" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Situ Sinjang</location>
,
<date box="[954,1038,418,438]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1977-03-01">
<collectingDate box="[954,1038,418,438]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1977-03-01">1.iii.1977</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[1045,1142,418,438]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Cederholm</collectorName>
<emphasis box="[181,220,442,462]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">et al</emphasis>
. (
<collectionCode box="[238,306,442,462]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nzgn-b6sw" name="Lunds Universitet, Zoologiska Institutionen" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">ZMLU</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation box="[321,848,442,462]" collectingDate="1971-05-08" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Flauch" country="Ivory Coast" location="Lamto" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry box="[321,471,442,462]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">IVORY COAST</collectingCountry>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFE61C6FFE5DFE3ABE7AFE31" box="[479,573,442,462]" country="Ivory Coast" name="Lamto" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">1^Lamto</location>
,
<date box="[582,660,442,462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1971-05-08">
<collectingDate box="[582,660,442,462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1971-05-08">8.v.1971</collectingDate>
</date>
, Q.
<collectorName box="[697,757,442,462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Flauch</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[769,842,442,462]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">MNHN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1971-04-03" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Q. Flauch" country="Ivory Coast" location="Lamto" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" specimenCount="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFE61C6FFCD8FE3ABFF0FE31" box="[858,951,442,462]" country="Ivory Coast" name="Lamto" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">1^Lamto</location>
,
<date box="[960,1044,442,462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1971-04-03">
<collectingDate box="[960,1044,442,462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1971-04-03">3.iv.1971</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[1054,1141,442,462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Q. Flauch</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[188,261,466,486]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">MNHN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation box="[277,902,466,486]" collectingDate="1966-01-16" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Deeming" country="Nigeria" location="Ibadan" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry box="[277,372,466,486]" name="Nigeria" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
: 1 (sex unknown)
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFE61C6FFD9EFE52BE1CFE19" box="[540,603,466,486]" country="Nigeria" name="Ibadan" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Ibadan</location>
,
<date box="[613,698,466,486]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1966-01-16">
<collectingDate box="[613,698,466,486]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1966-01-16">16.i.1966</collectingDate>
</date>
, J.
<collectorName box="[729,811,466,486]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Deeming</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[824,896,466,486]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1910-11" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="J. W. Scott-Macfie" country="Nigeria" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="147" location="Zungeru" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" specimenCount="1">
1,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFE61C6FFC2AFE52BFB2FE19" box="[936,1013,466,486]" country="Nigeria" name="Zungeru" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">Zungeru</location>
,
<date box="[1023,1093,466,486]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1910-11">
<collectingDate box="[1023,1093,466,486]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" value="1910-11">xi.1910</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">J.W. Scott-Macfie</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[269,341,204,224]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation box="[355,888,204,224]" collectingDate="1970-08-14" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="P. Ward" country="Nigeria" location="Mokwa" municipality="North West State" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
1ơ
<collectingMunicipality box="[383,532,204,224]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">North West State</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FD9EFF4CBE25FF1F" box="[540,610,204,224]" country="Nigeria" municipality="North West State" name="Mokwa" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Mokwa</location>
,
<date box="[617,726,204,224]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1970-08-14">
<collectingDate box="[617,726,204,224]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1970-08-14">14.viii.1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[733,800,204,224]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">P.Ward</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[810,882,204,224]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="J. W. Scott-Macfie" country="Nigeria" location="Kogin Sirikin Aawa" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
1ơ
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FC1EFF4CB80BFF1F" box="[924,1100,204,224]" country="Nigeria" name="Kogin Sirikin Aawa" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Kogin Sirikin Aawa</location>
, 1911,
<collectorName box="[201,365,228,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">J.W. Scott-Macfie</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[380,452,228,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation box="[470,951,228,248]" collectingDate="1979-09" collectionCode="NMWC" collectorName="J. C. Deeming" country="Nigeria" location="Samaru" municipality="Zaria" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality box="[470,552,228,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">1^Zaria</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FDB6FF64BE3CFF07" box="[564,635,228,248]" country="Nigeria" municipality="Zaria" name="Samaru" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Samaru</location>
,
<date box="[646,716,228,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1979-09">
<collectingDate box="[646,716,228,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1979-09">ix.1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[728,853,228,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">J.C. Deeming</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[867,945,228,248]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/e7dr-nxad" name="National Museum of Wales" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" type="Museum">NMWC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1977-03-08" collectionCode="ZMLU" collectorName="Cederholm" country="Senegal" location="Djibelor" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry box="[962,1068,228,248]" name="Senegal" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">SENEGAL</collectingCountry>
: 1ơ
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FF12FF7CBCBCFEEF" box="[144,251,252,272]" country="Senegal" name="Djibelor" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">1^Djibélor</location>
(
<quantity box="[265,330,252,272]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" unit="km" value="1.5">1.5 km</quantity>
NE of),
<date box="[412,499,252,272]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1977-03-08">
<collectingDate box="[412,499,252,272]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1977-03-08">8.iii.1977</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[510,609,252,272]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Cederholm</collectorName>
<emphasis box="[616,656,253,273]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">et al</emphasis>
. (
<collectionCode box="[675,743,252,272]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nzgn-b6sw" name="Lunds Universitet, Zoologiska Institutionen" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">ZMLU</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="23. ix. 1980 and 18. iv. 1981" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="Noordkaap R. &amp; Miller" country="South Africa" location="Nelspruit" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">
<collectingCountry box="[760,926,252,272]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis box="[936,1054,253,273]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">
<collectingRegion box="[936,1054,253,273]" country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Mpumalanga</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 18ơ
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FF12FE94BD44FED7" box="[144,259,276,296]" country="South Africa" name="Nelspruit" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">3^Nelspruit</location>
(
<quantity box="[270,327,276,296]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
south of),
<collectorName box="[419,545,276,296]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Noordkaap R.</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate box="[553,784,276,296]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">
<date box="[553,647,276,296]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1980-09-23">23.ix.1980</date>
and
<date box="[689,784,276,296]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1981-04-18">18.iv.1981</date>
</collectingDate>
, R.M.
<collectorName box="[842,897,276,296]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Miller</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[908,977,276,296]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1976-12-01" collectingDateMax="1976-12-02" collectingDateMin="1976-12-01" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="R. Miller" country="South Africa" location="Nelspruit" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">
1ơ
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FC7FFE94B808FED7" box="[1021,1103,276,296]" country="South Africa" name="Nelspruit" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">Nelspruit</location>
(
<quantity box="[150,226,300,320]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" unit="km" value="20.5">20.5 km</quantity>
south of),
<date box="[328,442,300,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1976-12-01" valueMax="1976-12-02" valueMin="1976-12-01">
<collectingDate box="[328,442,300,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1976-12-01" valueMax="1976-12-02" valueMin="1976-12-01">1–2.xii.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[453,536,300,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">R. Miller</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[550,619,300,320]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1924-08-22" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="H. K. Munro" country="South Africa" location="Stentor" municipality="Barbeton" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">
4ơ
<collectingMunicipality box="[669,786,300,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">1^Barbeton</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FC9EFEACBF1AFEBF" box="[796,861,300,320]" country="South Africa" municipality="Barbeton" name="Stentor" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">Stentor</location>
,
<date box="[872,981,300,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1924-08-22">
<collectingDate box="[872,981,300,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1924-08-22">22.viii.1924</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[992,1104,300,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">H.K. Munro</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[150,220,324,344]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation box="[237,712,324,344]" collectingDate="1980-09-20" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="R. M. Miller" country="South Africa" location="Montrose" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">
5ơ
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FE8CFEC4BDCFFEA7" box="[270,392,324,344]" country="South Africa" name="Montrose" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">8^Montrose</location>
,
<date box="[403,500,324,344]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1980-09-20">
<collectingDate box="[403,500,324,344]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1980-09-20">20.ix.1980</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[512,622,324,344]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">R.M. Miller</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[636,706,324,344]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1956-05-08" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="Umfuli R. &amp; C. N. Smithers" country="Zimbabwe" location="Hartley" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry box="[723,849,324,344]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">ZIMBABWE</collectingCountry>
: 1ơ
<collectorName box="[892,1021,324,344]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">4^Umfuli R.</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FB8BFEC4B80AFEA7" box="[1033,1101,324,344]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Hartley" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Hartley</location>
,
<date box="[144,221,348,368]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1956-05-08">
<collectingDate box="[144,221,348,368]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1956-05-08">8.v.1956</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[228,351,348,368]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">C.N.Smithers</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[361,430,348,368]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation box="[444,1100,348,368]" collectingDate="1929-08-08" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="G. van Son" country="Zimbabwe" location="Hwange" municipality="Lupane" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
1ơ half way between
<collectingMunicipality box="[628,694,348,368]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Lupane</collectingMunicipality>
and
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FD5FFEDCBF6EFE8F" box="[733,809,348,368]" country="Zimbabwe" municipality="Lupane" name="Hwange" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Hwange</location>
,
<date box="[816,913,348,368]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1929-08-08">
<collectingDate box="[816,913,348,368]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1929-08-08">8.viii.1929</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[920,1016,348,368]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">G. van Son</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[1025,1094,348,368]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation box="[144,611,372,392]" collectingDate="1956-07-10" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="C. N. Smithers" country="Zimbabwe" location="Hunyani" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
1ơ
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FF2CFEF4BCBCFE77" box="[174,251,372,392]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Hunyani" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Hunyani</location>
R.,
<date box="[286,389,372,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1956-07-10">
<collectingDate box="[286,389,372,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1956-07-10">10.vii.1956</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[398,524,372,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">C.N. Smithers</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[535,604,372,392]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation box="[620,1085,372,392]" collectingDate="1964-07-23" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="Cookson" country="Zimbabwe" location="North Vumba" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="1">
1ơ
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AEFB40FFE71C70FEF5FA3EB863FE50:8ED81C8DFFF91C70FD08FEF4BF42FE77" box="[650,773,372,392]" country="Zimbabwe" name="North Vumba" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">North Vumba</location>
,
<date box="[781,884,372,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1964-07-23">
<collectingDate box="[781,884,372,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" value="1964-07-23">23.vii.1964</collectingDate>
</date>
, D.
<collectorName box="[919,998,372,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Cookson</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[1010,1079,372,392]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="147" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7911683" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7911683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7911683/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" startId="15.[181,220,1623,1643]" targetBox="[200,1125,525,1607]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
<paragraph blockId="15.[181,1141,1623,1667]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">
Figs 20–24. Inner ơ genitalia: (20–22)
<taxonomicName authority="Stuckenberg" authorityName="Stuckenberg" authorityYear="1971" box="[527,729,1623,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Lauxaniidae" genus="Parapachycerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munroi">
<emphasis box="[527,613,1623,1643]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">P. munroi</emphasis>
Stuckenberg
</taxonomicName>
in dorsal (20), oblique dorsal (21), and ventral (22) views; (23)
<taxonomicName authority="Davies &amp; Miller, 2008" authorityName="Davies &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2008" box="[429,518,1647,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Lauxaniidae" genus="Parapachycerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bispina" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[429,518,1647,1667]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">P. bispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[524,573,1647,1667]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and (24)
<taxonomicName authority="Davies &amp; Miller, 2008" authorityName="Davies &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2008" box="[660,765,1647,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Lauxaniidae" genus="Parapachycerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infuscata" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[660,765,1647,1667]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="146">P. infuscata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[771,820,1647,1667]" pageId="15" pageNumber="146" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="16.[144,1104,204,431]" box="[170,1060,406,431]" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">
There appear to be no records from East Africa (i.e.
<collectingCountry box="[755,831,406,431]" name="Kenya" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry box="[841,945,406,431]" name="Tanzania" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry box="[956,1048,406,431]" name="Uganda" pageId="16" pageNumber="147">Uganda</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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