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<document id="BF0EA091E1734C09FD9CCBC96C942557" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5315.1.8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8130288" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1688979542736" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Polašek, Ozren" docDate="2023" docId="03985E268411A02160A8FAA146C3F87C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5315.1.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5315 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polistes (Polistes) humeralis Polasek 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="FFA1265E8411A023603FFFF5474CFF8F" masterDocTitle="Description of a new species of social wasp from Somalia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="97" pageNumber="97" updateTime="1688979939254" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="3E31AEBEFF746C503FF3009554CC91AC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8B13782B9F608B23707A3818EC711FB1">
<mods:title id="9EE3C22DF73741EC53CFB8AD30A73932">Description of a new species of social wasp from Somalia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D7A8FA68FF5958A954A50FBC8FE31CAC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="955405B8FD4D53034AEBDA485EB129FC">
<mods:roleTerm id="F21C64C21257C4BCA86719B1D20501D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="78D553611020230A1F339B075BFAC3CB">Polašek, Ozren</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="994D3C5B14F4368C479FAF763B2FC895">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="DFD8D725587247F12468F4AD281D5100" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="A2918988209F9F7BA55034404F29C398">
<mods:title id="EC0233750EC4F5FA7179716131403DEE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E8325F6CD28103E95410148098417038">
<mods:date id="FE51EE2BD8FD71BB9F39C4AA878BF480">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0E7DB896BD1F0AA1BA3DE6A7F46294B4" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="00564F0C153E3936D966EA3F1D163D4D">2023-07-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="EC66F19CB9A783EC8F17862C8914AC56" type="volume">
<mods:number id="AF8318C5C6EDF5247F03C3891746470D">5315</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A4BF6AC16DF21947FD9C41DB0379E275" type="issue">
<mods:number id="978BC5761AF58358CF086CF776A2B574">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A8DA2FB6B833AB4F5E62C40C9A165868">97</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="981FD12451244DDF544DD73C62B66CAD">
<mods:url id="308A5B89482DDA81AD8A9F868C47DAD2">http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="73E7FF782BB82107A9FC387FFCE786DF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F356778A119C74CBCB91A1C27933E597" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5315.1.8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1D54D118946648EFEA9B6BB5940389E4" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="51DF9E90E011F55A85E47325D93E1AE8" type="Zenodo-Dep">8130288</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03985E268411A02160A8FAA146C3F87C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03985E268411A02160A8FAA146C3F87C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03985E268411A02160A8FAA146C3F87C" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<subSubSection id="C32BBCBB8411A02360A8FAA1445AFA1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308411A02360A8FAA14422FAE1" blockId="0.[151,878,1329,1426]" box="[151,878,1364,1391]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<heading id="D0C6585C8411A02360A8FAA14422FAE1" bold="true" box="[151,878,1364,1391]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A02360A8FAA14422FAE1" bold="true" box="[151,878,1364,1391]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38411A02360A8FAA1451BFAE1" authority="Polasek" authorityName="Polasek" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,599,1364,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeralis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Polistes">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A02360A8FAA147B8FAE0" bold="true" box="[151,244,1364,1391]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Polistes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94533228411A023613AFAA1462EFAE0" bold="true" box="[261,354,1364,1391]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Polistes</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B94533228411A023614CFAA146A1FAE0" bold="true" box="[371,493,1364,1391]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">humeralis</emphasis>
Polašek
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768E598411A023625BFAA0458DFAE0" box="[612,705,1365,1391]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58411A02362EFFAA14428FAE1" box="[720,868,1364,1390]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–3" captionStart-1="FIGURES 4–7" captionStartId-0="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionStartId-1="2.[152,276,1146,1170]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetBox-1="[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetId-0="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetId-1="figure-111@2.[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURES 4–7. Polistes species. 4. Polistes humeralis sp. nov., female, habitus, lateral view. 5. P. africanus Palisot de Beauvois, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 6. P. badius Gerstaecker, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 7. P. tenellus du Buysson, male, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130292" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8130292/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Figures 1–4</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308411A02360A8FA8F445AFA1D" blockId="0.[151,878,1329,1426]" box="[151,790,1402,1426]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
Zoobank:
<uuid id="FF97D5E58411A023613BFA8F445AFA1D" box="[260,790,1402,1426]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">946B21DD-B445-4A0C-8DA0-2362BFAE8DD8</uuid>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BBCBB8411A02360A8FA374265FA70" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308411A02360A8FA374265FA70" blockId="0.[151,1437,1474,2003]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A02360A8FA374635FA55" box="[151,377,1474,1498]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A02360A8FA37463EFA55" bold="true" box="[151,370,1474,1498]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Material examined</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B59E56D8411A02361BDFA374265FA70" collectingDate="1972-10" collectionCode="PL, MZLS" country="Somalia" location="Sar Uanle" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="548A51928411A02361BDFA3746A4FA55" box="[386,488,1474,1498]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D3724B98411A02361C9FA364546FA55" box="[502,522,1475,1498]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, pinned (relaxed and re-pinned; the specimen was initially glued to the cardboard, preventing proper morphological examination): „
<emphasis id="B94533228411A023629AFA13430EFA71" box="[677,1090,1510,1535]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<collectingCountry id="F326AFA08411A023629AFA1345B3FA71" box="[677,767,1510,1534]" name="Somalia" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Somalia</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8EEEB9EB8411A0236335FA124435FA71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03985E268411A02160A8FAA146C3F87C:8EEEB9EB8411A0236335FA124435FA71" box="[778,889,1510,1534]" country="Somalia" name="Sar Uanle" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Sar Uanle</location>
,
<date id="FF8FC9F08411A02363BBFA124499FA70" box="[900,981,1511,1535]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" value="1972-10">
<collectingDate id="EFCB30188411A02363BBFA124499FA70" box="[900,981,1511,1535]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" value="1972-10">X-1972</collectingDate>
</date>
, SBS (
<collectionCode id="ED2077F58411A0236426FA124376FA71" box="[1049,1082,1511,1534]" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
)
</emphasis>
“; depository:
<collectionCode id="ED2077F58411A02364E4FA12426AFA70" box="[1243,1318,1511,1535]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4p9p-7ns0" name="Musee Zoologique" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">MZLS</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BBCBB8411A02360F8F9FF4591F901" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308411A02360F8F9FF4591F901" blockId="0.[151,1437,1474,2003]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A02360F8F9FF4670F9AD" box="[199,316,1546,1570]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A02360F8F9FF4679F9AD" bold="true" box="[199,309,1546,1570]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
This species is easily separated from all other African members of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38411A0236457F9FF43F0F9AD" box="[1128,1212,1546,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A0236457F9FF43F0F9AD" box="[1128,1212,1546,1570]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Polistes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the colour pattern (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58411A02360A1F9DB466FF9C8" box="[158,291,1582,1607]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–3" captionStart-1="FIGURES 4–7" captionStartId-0="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionStartId-1="2.[152,276,1146,1170]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetBox-1="[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetId-0="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetId-1="figure-111@2.[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURES 4–7. Polistes species. 4. Polistes humeralis sp. nov., female, habitus, lateral view. 5. P. africanus Palisot de Beauvois, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 6. P. badius Gerstaecker, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 7. P. tenellus du Buysson, male, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130292" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8130292/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Figures 1–4</figureCitation>
). The only other known African species with a yellow or mostly yellow clypeus in females is
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38411A0236524F9DA4621F9E5" authority="Bequaert" authorityName="Bequaert" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loveridgei" subGenus="Polistes">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A0236524F9DA464FF9E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">P. (Polistes) loveridgei</emphasis>
Bequaert
</taxonomicName>
, easily separated from
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38411A023625DF9A645ABF9E5" authority="Polašek, 2023" authorityName="Polašek" authorityYear="2023" box="[610,743,1618,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeralis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A023625DF9A645ABF9E5" box="[610,743,1618,1642]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">P. humeralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94533228411A02362D2F9A6440FF9E4" bold="true" box="[749,835,1619,1643]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768E598411A02362D2F9A6440FF9E4" box="[749,835,1619,1643]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by the deeper juxtamandibular excavation, substantially lesser amount of yellow and overall smaller body size.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BBCBB8411A02160F8F96F42D1F825" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308411A02360F8F96F448FF93C" blockId="0.[151,1437,1474,2003]" box="[199,963,1690,1715]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A02360F8F96F461EF93D" box="[199,338,1690,1714]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A02360F8F96F4607F93D" bold="true" box="[199,331,1690,1714]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Description</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94533228411A0236167F96E46E7F93C" bold="true" box="[344,427,1691,1715]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Female</emphasis>
. Fore wing length
<quantity id="4CC942D58411A023624AF96E459FF93D" box="[629,723,1691,1715]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="11.1">11.1 mm</quantity>
(body length
<quantity id="4CC942D58411A0236357F96E44F4F93C" box="[872,952,1691,1715]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308411A02360F8F94B4367F85D" blockId="0.[151,1437,1474,2003]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
Head in frontal view about as long as wide, vertex rounded and comparatively more elevated than in other African
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38411A02360A8F917460CF975" box="[151,320,1762,1786]" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="B94533228411A02360A8F91747A7F975" box="[151,235,1762,1786]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Polistes</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58411A0236170F91746E6F974" box="[335,426,1762,1787]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Figure 1</figureCitation>
). Clypeus somewhat wider than long in frontal view (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58411A02363CDF9174301F974" box="[1010,1101,1762,1787]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Figure 1</figureCitation>
), with strongly convex surface in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58411A023617BF8F346E9F890" box="[324,421,1798,1823]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Figure 2</figureCitation>
). Antennal sockets closer to each other than eye margin, interantennal space weakly convex. Gena posteriorly slightly wider than widest part of eye, tempora at thinnest part 0.5x as wide as eye (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58411A02364EDF8DF427DF8CC" box="[1234,1329,1834,1859]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Figure 2</figureCitation>
). Clypeus finely punctate in basal half, apical half shiny with larger craters. Gena weakly and sparsely punctate. Entire head covered by short pubescence; setae on frons shorter than forward ocellus diameter. Antennal scape 2.8x as long as its maximum width, 1.2x as long as AF1. AF1 2.7x as long as wide, 1.5x as long as AF2 and AF3 combined. AF2 as long as wide, remaining segments wider than long; AF10 bullet-shaped, about 0.9x as wide as long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4EBFB88410A02260A7F8C2479DF8FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="98" startId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" targetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308410A02260A7F8C2479DF8FC" blockId="1.[151,1436,1847,1907]" pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B94533228410A02260A7F8C24600F8C0" bold="true" box="[152,332,1847,1871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="98">FIGURES 1–3.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94533228410A0226169F8C24569F8C0" box="[342,549,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38410A0226169F8C2456CF8C0" authority="Polašek, 2023" authorityName="Polašek" authorityYear="2023" box="[342,544,1847,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeralis" status="sp. nov.">Polistes humeralis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B94533228410A0226211F8C245CAF8C0" bold="true" box="[558,646,1847,1871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768E598410A0226211F8C245CAF8C0" box="[558,646,1847,1871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="98" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308410A02160F8F83D4601FEEC" blockId="1.[199,1436,1991,2015]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,355]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
Mesosoma about 1.1x as wide as head (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58410A0226251F8324587F850" box="[622,715,1991,2015]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="98">Figure 3</figureCitation>
). Pronotal carina dorsally with translucent rim, laterally evanescent (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A02160A1FF62464CFF3F" box="[158,256,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 2</figureCitation>
). Pronotal fovea absent (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A0216229FF62453BFF3F" box="[534,631,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 4–7" captionStartId="2.[152,276,1146,1170]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-111@2.[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 4–7. Polistes species. 4. Polistes humeralis sp. nov., female, habitus, lateral view. 5. P. africanus Palisot de Beauvois, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 6. P. badius Gerstaecker, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 7. P. tenellus du Buysson, male, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130292/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 4</figureCitation>
). Mesonotum as long as wide, with weak parapsidal furrows (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A0216511FF6242C2FF3F" box="[1326,1422,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 3</figureCitation>
). Mesopleura laterally very weakly punctate with some microstriae; epicnemial carina weak. Scutellum about 2.3x as wide as long, with thin median carina that reaches more than half of its length. Metapleura coarsely punctate and striated. Propodeal surface with moderately developed horizontal striae that are more developed laterally (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A0216498FEF64249FE93" box="[1191,1285,259,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 2</figureCitation>
; stronger than in
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38413A021608DFEDD46EDFEB0" authority="Bequaert" authorityName="Bequaert" box="[178,417,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loveridgei">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A021608DFEDD4674FEB0" box="[178,312,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">P. loveridgei</emphasis>
Bequaert
</taxonomicName>
, but weaker than in
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38413A021624AFEDD4426FEB0" authority="Gerstraecker" authorityName="Gerstraecker" box="[629,874,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badius">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A021624AFEDD459AFEB0" box="[629,726,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">P. badius</emphasis>
Gerstraecker
</taxonomicName>
). Entire thorax covered by short whitish setae similar to those on head.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4EBFB88413A02160A7FB8F43C2FB54" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130292" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8130292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130292/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" startId="2.[152,276,1146,1170]" targetBox="[170,1418,379,1122]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308413A02160A7FB8F43C2FB54" blockId="2.[151,1437,1146,1243]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A02160A7FB8F4600FB1C" bold="true" box="[152,332,1146,1171]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">FIGURES 4–7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38413A0216169FB8E456CFB1C" box="[342,544,1147,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-4">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A0216169FB8E46E6FB1C" box="[342,426,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Polistes</emphasis>
species. 4
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38413A0216211FB8E45BBFB1C" authority="Polašek, 2023" authorityName="Polašek" authorityYear="2023" box="[558,759,1147,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeralis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A0216211FB8E45BBFB1C" box="[558,759,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Polistes humeralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94533228413A021633FFB8E4414FB1C" bold="true" box="[768,856,1147,1171]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768E598413A021633FFB8E4414FB1C" box="[768,856,1147,1171]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female, habitus, lateral view. 5.
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38413A02164F6FB8E4653FB38" authority="Palisot de Beauvois" authorityName="Palisot de Beauvois" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A02164F6FB8E4207FB1C" box="[1225,1355,1147,1171]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">P. africanus</emphasis>
Palisot de Beauvois
</taxonomicName>
, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 6.
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38413A0216353FB6A4314FB38" authority="Gerstaecker" authorityName="Gerstaecker" box="[876,1112,1183,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badius">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A0216353FB6A4482FB38" box="[876,974,1183,1207]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">P. badius</emphasis>
Gerstaecker
</taxonomicName>
, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 7.
<taxonomicName id="4C3194B38413A02161AEFB3645C9FB54" authority="du Buysson" authorityName="du Buysson" box="[401,645,1219,1243]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Polistella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenellus">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A02161AEFB3646B2FB54" box="[401,510,1219,1243]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">P. tenellus</emphasis>
du Buysson
</taxonomicName>
, male, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308413A02160F8FADA47ABFA00" blockId="2.[151,1437,1327,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">T1 as wide as long, with perpendicular margin (in lateral view) and evenly convex dorsal surface. Remaining metasomal segments with weak cuticular surface and short whitish pubescence that turns to golden on dorsal surface of T2–T4.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308413A02160F8FA6E46E5F95C" blockId="2.[151,1437,1327,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A02160F8FA6E465FFA3C" box="[199,275,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Colour</emphasis>
. Ground colour ferruginous. Head frontally mainly yellow; large portion of frons and vertex ferruginous (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A02160A1FA4A47B6FA58" box="[158,250,1471,1495]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 1</figureCitation>
). Mandible, gena and tempora yellow, with yellow colour extending onto posterior surface of head. Pronotum, upper and anterior part of mesopleura yellow (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A02162AEFA1645BCFA74" box="[657,752,1507,1531]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A02162C2FA164441FA74" box="[765,781,1507,1531]" captionStart="FIGURES 4–7" captionStartId="2.[152,276,1146,1170]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-111@2.[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 4–7. Polistes species. 4. Polistes humeralis sp. nov., female, habitus, lateral view. 5. P. africanus Palisot de Beauvois, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 6. P. badius Gerstaecker, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 7. P. tenellus du Buysson, male, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130292/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">4</figureCitation>
). Mesonotum ferruginous, tegula with yellow mark posteromedially, scutellum and metanotum yellow (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A021624EF9F245A5F990" box="[625,745,1543,1567]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 2, 3</figureCitation>
). Propodeum with two large yellow areas connected with a large yellow area on metapleura (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A0216182F9DE4556F9CC" box="[445,538,1579,1603]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 3</figureCitation>
). Coxae I yellow, coxae II with medial and lateral yellow patch, coxae III with small lateral yellow patch. Legs ferruginous, anterior surface of femora and tibiae I yellow, tarsi yellowish (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A02164DBF9BA420FF9E8" box="[1252,1347,1615,1639]" captionStart="FIGURES 4–7" captionStartId="2.[152,276,1146,1170]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-111@2.[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 4–7. Polistes species. 4. Polistes humeralis sp. nov., female, habitus, lateral view. 5. P. africanus Palisot de Beauvois, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 6. P. badius Gerstaecker, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 7. P. tenellus du Buysson, male, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130292/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 4</figureCitation>
). Wings translucent, with yellowish colouration towards anterior margin; apical spot weakly developed, light greyish, mainly in marginal cell (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A021610DF96246DCF920" box="[306,400,1687,1711]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 3</figureCitation>
). Antenna orange dorsally, yellowish ventrally (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A02163AAF96244BFF920" box="[917,1011,1687,1711]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="1.[152,276,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,180,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-15@1.[151,1435,180,1822]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Polistes humeralis, sp. nov., female. 1. Head, frontal view. 2. Head, lateral view. 3. Habitus, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130290/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 3</figureCitation>
). T1–5 and S1–4 with complete yellow posterior band (
<figureCitation id="130AF3B58413A0216101F94E46D0F95C" box="[318,412,1723,1747]" captionStart="FIGURES 4–7" captionStartId="2.[152,276,1146,1170]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-111@2.[170,1418,379,1122]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 4–7. Polistes species. 4. Polistes humeralis sp. nov., female, habitus, lateral view. 5. P. africanus Palisot de Beauvois, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 6. P. badius Gerstaecker, female, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view. 7. P. tenellus du Buysson, male, head and mesosoma, oblique lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130292/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Figure 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308413A02160F8F92A4633F978" blockId="2.[151,1437,1327,2035]" box="[199,383,1759,1783]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A02160F8F92A464DF978" bold="true" box="[199,257,1759,1783]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Male</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308413A02160F8F8F742D1F825" blockId="2.[151,1437,1327,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A02160F8F8F7467FF895" box="[199,307,1794,1818]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A02160F8F8F74660F895" bold="true" box="[199,300,1794,1818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Location</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The location points to a research site in south
<collectingCountry id="F326AFA08413A021636FF8F644E6F894" box="[848,938,1795,1819]" name="Somalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Somalia</collectingCountry>
, about
<quantity id="4CC942D58413A021643FF8F64304F894" box="[1024,1096,1795,1819]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
south of Kismayo. Two more abbreviations from the label suggest that the specimen was collected as part of the Spedizione Biologica in
<collectingCountry id="F326AFA08413A021653FF8D2421BF8B0" box="[1280,1367,1831,1855]" name="Somalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Somalia</collectingCountry>
(“
<emphasis id="B94533228413A021654EF8D242D0F8B1" box="[1393,1436,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">SBS</emphasis>
”) research programme, which was run by the Centro di Studio per la Faunistica ed Ecologia Tropicali from Florence,
<collectingCountry id="F326AFA08413A02160A8F89A4786F808" box="[151,202,1903,1927]" name="Italy" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Italy</collectingCountry>
. The additional label entry “
<emphasis id="B94533228413A0216238F89A456AF809" box="[519,550,1903,1926]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">PL</emphasis>
” suggests Programma Litorale, and provides the reference to the exact location, which is a thin strip of the coastal area, bordered by the sand dunes on one side and the ocean on the other (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA092C18413A021652FF86642DDF825" author="Pardi, L." box="[1296,1425,1938,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" pagination="179 - 193" refId="ref1803" refString="Pardi, L. (1976) Researches on the coast of Somalia. The shore and the dune of Sar Uanle. Monitore Zoologico Italiano Supplemento, 8 (1), 179 - 193. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03749444.1976.10736834" type="journal article" year="1976">Pardi, 1976</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BBCBB8413A02160F8F84246C3F87C" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8EEF308413A02160F8F84246C3F87C" blockId="2.[151,1437,1327,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A02160F8F8424605F841" box="[199,329,1975,1999]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94533228413A02160F8F842460EF840" bold="true" box="[199,322,1975,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">Etymology</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The name comes from the Latin word
<emphasis id="B94533228413A02162CEF8424401F840" box="[753,845,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">humerus</emphasis>
, “shoulder”, in reference to the lacking pronotal fovea close to humeral angle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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