161 lines
29 KiB
XML
161 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="D7854ED4C691EDB2AF04CAE7A596FC01" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4169.2.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4169.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d1fbe4b3-de10-4d72-a117-aa6bfedf210d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="262585" ID-ZooBank="B8B067BF-F6E6-4122-B884-AA385FF04421" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1474351831659" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Andrew Hamilton, K. G." docDate="2016" docId="03A5742DFFDFAE01FF76AF38C8ECFD3E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4169.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4169 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Microsargane Fowler" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="212" masterDocId="FF9C0C55FFD5AE0AFFE1A955CD70FFD1" masterDocTitle="Neotropical spittlebugs related to Neaenini (Hemiptera, Cercopidae) and the origins of subfamily Cercopinae" masterLastPageNumber="250" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="211" updateTime="1698386375821" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="81E2913F828567C6CF92FD22CD2C65D2">Neotropical spittlebugs related to Neaenini (Hemiptera, Cercopidae) and the origins of subfamily Cercopinae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="86491A0EFCDCF3F512F7CFC076301768" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="34AB7890F4CB469703D4E6C898C674A7">Andrew Hamilton, K. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3043AA707BDE6141086B10C117FBEB59">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5B18ADA2C73ADAD58A1F759B528E995A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1C4ACF6FD3EE78D32F86F91D56D2A8E2">
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<mods:date id="EE39786F88963430C5CDF3FD268496C5">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F1819447EF53969A7B439A24692D156B" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D3D5F51FC9A531CB77BEBCF9C15FC979">4169</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="F4A0B1283221ED8F5376F86C75A9E514" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="0DE3BDB3D60921A4778F6E5FE05FDECB">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1C9C9A3E583DD1842DCAF15A9E318636">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F1370FD08A847C499D28088AC3F18E3C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4169.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A5742DFFDFAE01FF76AF38C8ECFD3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5613294" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124552079" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5613294" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A5742DFFDFAE01FF76AF38C8ECFD3E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A5742DFFDFAE01FF76AF38C8ECFD3E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDFAE00FF76AF38CCEFF956" box="[151,415,1645,1671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDFAE00FF76AF38CCEFF956" blockId="10.[151,415,1645,1671]" box="[151,415,1645,1671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<heading id="D0FB7257FFDFAE00FF76AF38CCEFF956" bold="true" box="[151,415,1645,1671]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDFAE00FF76AF38CCEFF956" authority="Fowler" authorityName="Fowler" box="[151,415,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Microsargane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FF76AF38CCEFF956" bold="true" box="[151,415,1645,1671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FF76AF38CC30F956" bold="true" box="[151,320,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Microsargane</emphasis>
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Fowler
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDFAE00FF76AFE0CE98F939" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDFAE00FF76AFE0CE01F91B" blockId="10.[151,1000,1716,1768]" box="[151,881,1716,1738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1CE215FFDFAE00FF76AFE0CE01F91B" box="[151,881,1716,1738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDFAE00FF76AFE0CC90F91B" authority="Fowler, 1897:196" authorityName="Fowler" authorityPageNumber="196" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,480,1716,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Microsargane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FF76AFE0CC54F91B" box="[151,292,1717,1738]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Microsargane</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AADE32AFFDFAE00FECBAFE1CC90F91B" author="Fowler" box="[298,480,1716,1738]" page="196" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" year="1897">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9DB8CAFFDFAE00FECBAFE1CCC5F91B" author="Fowler" box="[298,437,1716,1738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" refString="Fowler, W. W. (1897) Fam. Cercopidae. Biologia Centrali-American., Insecta. Order Rhynchota. Suborder Hemiptera- Homoptera, 2 (1), 174 - 206." type="journal article" year="1897">Fowler, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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:196
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type-species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDFAE00FD9AAFE0CE1DF91B" authority="Fowler, 1897" authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1897" box="[635,877,1716,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Microsargane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FD9AAFE0CFAEF91B" box="[635,734,1717,1738]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">M. vittata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9DB8CAFFDFAE00FD05AFE1CE1DF91B" author="Fowler" box="[740,877,1716,1738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" refString="Fowler, W. W. (1897) Fam. Cercopidae. Biologia Centrali-American., Insecta. Order Rhynchota. Suborder Hemiptera- Homoptera, 2 (1), 174 - 206." type="journal article" year="1897">Fowler, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDFAE00FF76AF87CE98F939" blockId="10.[151,1000,1716,1768]" box="[151,1000,1746,1768]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDFAE00FF76AF87CCE6F939" ID-CoL="632JJ" authority="Melichar, 1915" authorityName="Melichar" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,406,1746,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Ecothera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FF76AF87CD84F939" box="[151,244,1746,1768]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Ecothera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9DB8CAFFDFAE00FF1BAF87CCE6F939" author="Melichar" box="[250,406,1746,1768]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" refString="Melichar, L. (1915) Neue Cercopidenarten. Verhandlunger der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 65, 1 - 156." type="journal article" year="1915">Melichar, 1915</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FE41AF87CC88F939" bold="true" box="[416,504,1746,1768]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">syn.nov.</emphasis>
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Type-species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDFAE00FD6EAF87CE94F939" ID-CoL="38NT7" authority="Melichar, 1915" authorityName="Melichar" authorityYear="1915" box="[655,996,1746,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Ecothera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FD6EAF87CE31F939" box="[655,833,1746,1768]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Ecothera insignis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9DB8CAFFDFAE00FCA6AF87CE94F939" author="Melichar" box="[839,996,1746,1768]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" refString="Melichar, L. (1915) Neue Cercopidenarten. Verhandlunger der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 65, 1 - 156." type="journal article" year="1915">Melichar, 1915</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDFAE00FF76AE40CF12F8FF" box="[151,610,1813,1838]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDFAE00FF76AE40CF12F8FF" blockId="10.[151,1436,1813,2018]" box="[151,610,1813,1838]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FF76AE40CC40F8FF" bold="true" box="[151,304,1813,1838]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="49C80BD9FFDFAE00FED6AE40CCFCF8FF" box="[311,396,1813,1838]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<collectingCountry id="F31B85ABFFDFAE00FED6AE40CCFCF8FF" box="[311,396,1813,1838]" name="Mexico" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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</collectingRegion>
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south to
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<collectingRegion id="49C80BD9FFDFAE00FE15AE43CF2EF8FF" box="[500,606,1814,1838]" country="Paraguay" name="Asuncion" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<collectingCountry id="F31B85ABFFDFAE00FE15AE43CF2EF8FF" box="[500,606,1814,1838]" name="Paraguay" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
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</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDFAE00FF26AE6CC845F8A4" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDFAE00FF26AE6CC845F8A4" blockId="10.[151,1436,1813,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FF26AE6CCC31F883" bold="true" box="[199,321,1849,1874]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Dark brown to black with impressed apical cells, usually striped with yellow and often with red markings near tips of tegmina; eyes transverse, as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDFAE00FD06AE08CE06F8A7" box="[743,886,1885,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cicadellidae</taxonomicName>
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, but other characters as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDFAE00FB41AE08C85EF8A7" box="[1184,1326,1885,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Microclimax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FB41AE08C85EF8A7" box="[1184,1326,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Microclimax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDFAE01FF26AED4CF22FE24" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDFAE01FF26AED4CF22FE24" blockId="10.[151,1436,1813,2018]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,752]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FF26AED4CC29F84B" bold="true" box="[199,345,1921,1946]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Description.</emphasis>
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Head narrower than pronotum, to as wide as pronotum; coronal margin carinate; crown with longitudinal median elevation weakly indicated; antenna with postpedicel small, bearing 7 pits of varying sizes as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDFAE00FF54AE9CCC3FF833" box="[181,335,1993,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Microlaqueus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="246" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9781929FFDFAE00FF54AE9CCC3FF833" box="[181,335,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Microlaqueus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDFAE00FE80AE9CCCC4F833" box="[353,436,1993,2018]" captionStart="FIGURES 24" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,267,1691]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[151,1436,267,1692]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 24. Antennal characters of Microsarganini: A, Microsargane vittata, antenna in situ, scale line 200 µm; B, same, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 100 µm; C, Microlaqueus isolatus, antenna in situ; D, same, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 100 µm; E, same, closeup of antennal pits; F, Microclimax luteosignatus, detail of postpedicel, scale line 50 µm; G, same, closeup of antennal pits; H, Microrhaphe martialis, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 100 µm; J, Liparonotum praenitidum; antenna in situ; K, same, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 50 µm; L, same, details of sensilla, larger scale than others; M, Microtholia karykroua, antenna in situ, scale line 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262594/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
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D) but with coeloconic sensilla more loosely grouped (
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<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDFAE00FBC9AE9CC90EF833" box="[1064,1150,1993,2018]" captionStart="FIGURES 24" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1714,1736]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,267,1691]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[151,1436,267,1692]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 24. Antennal characters of Microsarganini: A, Microsargane vittata, antenna in situ, scale line 200 µm; B, same, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 100 µm; C, Microlaqueus isolatus, antenna in situ; D, same, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 100 µm; E, same, closeup of antennal pits; F, Microclimax luteosignatus, detail of postpedicel, scale line 50 µm; G, same, closeup of antennal pits; H, Microrhaphe martialis, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 100 µm; J, Liparonotum praenitidum; antenna in situ; K, same, detail of pedicel and postpedicel, scale line 50 µm; L, same, details of sensilla, larger scale than others; M, Microtholia karykroua, antenna in situ, scale line 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262594/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
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B); eye longer than deep, longer than lateral margins of pronotum. Tegmina each with 2 costal crossveins, outer and inner anteapical cells large, tip without small preapical cell, 2 veins reaching tip forking just before margin. Costal margin of hindwing with 3–4 erect hooks (
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<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDEAE01FE6EA98ACCBEFF29" box="[399,462,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[218,1367,473,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[218,1368,473,1835]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Examples of Microsarganini (1 – 3), Neaenini (4 – 5) and genera related to Phymatostetha (6 – 8) in dorsolateral aspect (A), dorsal aspect (B), lateral or ventrolateral aspect of head and thorax (C) and hind wing characters including detail of costal margin (D): 1, Microsargane sp.; 2, Microclimax luteosignatus; 3, Microlaqueus isolatus; 4, Helioptera gilvum; 5, Tomaspisinella lucifer sp. nov.; 6, Olcotomaspis laterinotata (Fowler), comb. nov.; 7, Hyalotomaspis clarissa (Jacobi); 8, Tomaspisina frontalis (Walker)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262586/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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D). Hind tibiae each with double pecten of 8–9 black-tipped spines, hind tarsal pectens with 6 black-tipped spines on basomere, 5–7 black-tipped spines on 2nd tarsomere. Male abdominal segment X sclerotized; pygofers with slender process directed caudad (
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<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDEAE01FCD9A872CEC2FE91" box="[824,946,295,320]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 46 – 54" captionStart-1="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId-0="40.[151,264,1868,1890]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1435,197,1840]" captionTargetBox-1="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId-0="figure@40.[167,1452,193,1848]" captionTargetId-1="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionText-0="FIGURES 46 – 54. Male genitalia of nominate genus of Neaenini (46 – 49) and nominate subgenus of Microsarganini (50 – 54): 46, Neaenus natrix; 47, N. hystricosus; 48, N. (Neaniskus) gilli; 49, Helioptera gilvum; 50, Microsargane vittata; 51, M. apicata; 52, M. ornatipennis; 53, M. mutans; 54, M. cristata. A, lateral aspect of genital capsule and style; B, same, of theca; C, same in caudal aspect (with detail in Microsargane showing tips of processes in widest aspect); D, ventral aspect of subgenital plates, smaller scale; E, style, dorsal aspect." captionText-1="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/262597/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig. 50–57</figureCitation>
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A–B); subgenital plates broadly fused, tips truncate to rounded (
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<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDEAE01FE65A819CF79FEB4" box="[388,521,332,357]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 46 – 54" captionStart-1="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId-0="40.[151,264,1868,1890]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1435,197,1840]" captionTargetBox-1="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId-0="figure@40.[167,1452,193,1848]" captionTargetId-1="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionText-0="FIGURES 46 – 54. Male genitalia of nominate genus of Neaenini (46 – 49) and nominate subgenus of Microsarganini (50 – 54): 46, Neaenus natrix; 47, N. hystricosus; 48, N. (Neaniskus) gilli; 49, Helioptera gilvum; 50, Microsargane vittata; 51, M. apicata; 52, M. ornatipennis; 53, M. mutans; 54, M. cristata. A, lateral aspect of genital capsule and style; B, same, of theca; C, same in caudal aspect (with detail in Microsargane showing tips of processes in widest aspect); D, ventral aspect of subgenital plates, smaller scale; E, style, dorsal aspect." captionText-1="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/262597/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Figs 50–59</figureCitation>
|
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D), broader than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDEAE01FD06A819CE05FEB4" box="[743,885,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Microclimax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="246" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDEAE01FD06A819CE05FEB4" box="[743,885,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Microclimax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDEAE01FC67A819CEABFEB4" box="[902,987,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
|
||
D); styles parallel-margined, with small apical tooth bearing a tuft of setae and another tuft on outer edge near midlength (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDEAE01FBC5A83AC9D5FE59" box="[1060,1189,367,392]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 46 – 54" captionStart-1="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId-0="40.[151,264,1868,1890]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1435,197,1840]" captionTargetBox-1="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId-0="figure@40.[167,1452,193,1848]" captionTargetId-1="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionText-0="FIGURES 46 – 54. Male genitalia of nominate genus of Neaenini (46 – 49) and nominate subgenus of Microsarganini (50 – 54): 46, Neaenus natrix; 47, N. hystricosus; 48, N. (Neaniskus) gilli; 49, Helioptera gilvum; 50, Microsargane vittata; 51, M. apicata; 52, M. ornatipennis; 53, M. mutans; 54, M. cristata. A, lateral aspect of genital capsule and style; B, same, of theca; C, same in caudal aspect (with detail in Microsargane showing tips of processes in widest aspect); D, ventral aspect of subgenital plates, smaller scale; E, style, dorsal aspect." captionText-1="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/262597/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Figs 50–58</figureCitation>
|
||
E); theca slender, with 1–5 pairs of decurved processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDEAE01FDD7A8C1CFB2FE7C" box="[566,706,404,429]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 46 – 54" captionStart-1="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId-0="40.[151,264,1868,1890]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1435,197,1840]" captionTargetBox-1="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId-0="figure@40.[167,1452,193,1848]" captionTargetId-1="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionText-0="FIGURES 46 – 54. Male genitalia of nominate genus of Neaenini (46 – 49) and nominate subgenus of Microsarganini (50 – 54): 46, Neaenus natrix; 47, N. hystricosus; 48, N. (Neaniskus) gilli; 49, Helioptera gilvum; 50, Microsargane vittata; 51, M. apicata; 52, M. ornatipennis; 53, M. mutans; 54, M. cristata. A, lateral aspect of genital capsule and style; B, same, of theca; C, same in caudal aspect (with detail in Microsargane showing tips of processes in widest aspect); D, ventral aspect of subgenital plates, smaller scale; E, style, dorsal aspect." captionText-1="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/262597/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Figs 50–58</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Ovipositor with accessory structures at base which vary considerably in size and shape, and may furnish additional specific characters when enough specimens can be examined to determine their variability.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31696B0FFDEAE01FF26A8AAC8ECFD3E" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDEAE01FF26A8AACEEBFDEC" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDEAE01FF26A8AACC4BFDC9" bold="true" box="[199,315,511,536]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Males of the typical subgenus have a single pair of distinctive, serrate, forked thecal processes. The bright red spots or band across the anteapical cells is also distinctive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB3C53BFFDEAE01FF26AB12C8ECFD3E" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
There are 8 species including 3 new species in the nominate subgenus and 6 other new species belonging to two new subgenera, keyed and described below. Three species are known only from females; these are indicated in the key by an asterisk (*). Although the male genitalia suggest that these groupings are separate genera (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDEAE01FADEABDAC8E7FD79" box="[1343,1431,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 54" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1868,1890]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,197,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[167,1452,193,1848]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 54. Male genitalia of nominate genus of Neaenini (46 – 49) and nominate subgenus of Microsarganini (50 – 54): 46, Neaenus natrix; 47, N. hystricosus; 48, N. (Neaniskus) gilli; 49, Helioptera gilvum; 50, Microsargane vittata; 51, M. apicata; 52, M. ornatipennis; 53, M. mutans; 54, M. cristata. A, lateral aspect of genital capsule and style; B, same, of theca; C, same in caudal aspect (with detail in Microsargane showing tips of processes in widest aspect); D, ventral aspect of subgenital plates, smaller scale; E, style, dorsal aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262597/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Figs 50</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1337D9BEFFDEAE01FF76ABE1CD95FD1C" box="[151,229,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 60" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[199,1382,198,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[187,1392,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 60. Male genitalia of Microsargane new subgenera Microrhaphe (55) and Microtholia (56 – 58) compared to Microclimax gen. nov. (59): A, genital capsule, lateral aspect; B, same, theca and phallobase; C, theca, caudal aspect; D, fused subgenital plates; E, pygofer process, dorsal aspect; F, style tip, dorsal aspect). 55, M. martialis; 56, M. sobria sp. nov.; 57, M. karykroua sp. nov.; 58, M. habrotes sp. nov. (genital capsule as in M. karykroua); 59, M. ios (genital capsule, style and theca as in M. habrotes); 60, Microclimax luteosignata (Valdés Ragués) showing entire genital capsule (D) in ventral aspect at smaller scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262598/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">55, 56</figureCitation>
|
||
), barcoding shows that they are a maximum 8% divergent (in subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDEAE01FBB3ABE1C9A6FD1C" box="[1106,1238,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Microtholia</emphasis>
|
||
, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0CBEB8FFDEAE01FAC8ABE0C8ECFD1C" box="[1321,1436,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Microsargane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sobria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDEAE01FAC8ABE0C8ECFD1C" box="[1321,1436,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">M. sobria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
transitional to the nominate subgenus) and that the other subgenera are both 5% divergent from within
|
||
<emphasis id="B9781929FFDEAE01FAF1AB82C8E5FD21" box="[1296,1429,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Microtholia</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |