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401 lines
73 KiB
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<document id="2F56F2EECC1ABEE6C0DB844C82C5DE20" ID-CLB-Dataset="58894" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.861.2063" ID-GBIF-Dataset="98f15b31-8fcd-4ea4-9621-6bff596e64fe" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710258" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1678329856084" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Véron, Benoît, Rougier, Etienne, Taylor, Anthony & Goux, Didier" docDate="2023" docId="03FBF1168460FFF6FDA0FE7969CDFEE5" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-861_21-47.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 861" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pavlova Veron" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FFC2896E846FFFE5FF98FFD16A26FF91" masterDocTitle="New species of Pavlovophyceae (Haptophyta) and revision of the genera Exanthemachrysis, Rebecca and Pavlova" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1699476326315" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5B73F7458F0ABE343027C73044A3991D">New species of Pavlovophyceae (Haptophyta) and revision of the genera Exanthemachrysis, Rebecca and Pavlova</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C6314F64D2577714C08CBA4158E022F6">Véron, Benoît</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="83019FA633F3DA48D1FED49503A7DCD3">Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen-Normandie, MNHN, SU, UA, CNRS, IRD, 14000 Caen, France. & Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 8067 BOREA, MNHN, SU, CNRS, IRD- 207, UA, 14000 Caen, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="93F7B778ECE4D0A01F3102DFC9E36687" type="email">benoit.veron@unicaen.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BA88E2A5853F9C3995A09028FB244EBD">Rougier, Etienne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4DE0F8FEE44EEF36B33D354D5E9A5955">Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen-Normandie, MNHN, SU, UA, CNRS, IRD, 14000 Caen, France. & Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 8067 BOREA, MNHN, SU, CNRS, IRD- 207, UA, 14000 Caen, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F111DA535F3128DFCA2BB0778B73B9F8" type="email">etienne.rougier@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A3814816C9CB7C42628CE9DC09E105CC">Taylor, Anthony</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7A431E37C891172B919B5C35EB6148AF">Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) Université de Caen-Normandie, MNHN, SU, UA, CNRS, IRD, 14000 Caen, France. & Normandie Université, UNICAEN, UMR 8067 BOREA, MNHN, SU, CNRS, IRD- 207, UA, 14000 Caen, France. & Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2BA8F63DE6546F3464838102A9A36386" type="email">anthony.taylor2590@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="17A1BB47278F603FC330410E76215A6A">Goux, Didier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0792B5D0C0BE5F16C3DF78A201F27FA1">Normandie Université, UNICAEN, CMAbio 3 (Centre de Microscopie Appliquée à la Biologie), SF EMerode, 14000 Caen, France. & Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, UMR 6508 CRISMAT, 14000 Caen, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0E523CDD4F12753F683681610A48D632" type="email">didier.goux@unicaen.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="8420F763FF43F871754215BFB84C844A">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8F6FDF85213B6ECD24AF67BEC9673A9D">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1E7E8650F630E69C1E9B5C12E57850A8">2023-03-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="365C941214862E54740643A67564E7F2">861</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="CE0A775485B9A2FF3D1320E001967D01" type="CLB-Dataset">58894</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="72DABB8BCAC994F3F5CC900965A9CDB0" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2023.861.2063</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FBF1168460FFF6FDA0FE7969CDFEE5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7713655" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209434626" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7713655" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBF1168460FFF6FDA0FE7969CDFEE5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FBF1168460FFF6FDA0FE7969CDFEE5" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
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<subSubSection id="C348138B8460FFEAFDA0FE7969DDFE53" box="[568,1019,423,450]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BED40008460FFEAFDA0FE7969DDFE53" blockId="15.[568,1019,423,485]" box="[568,1019,423,450]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
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<heading id="D0A5F76C8460FFEAFDA0FE7969DDFE53" box="[568,1019,423,450]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C523B838460FFEAFD12FE7669DDFE53" ID-CoL="6JRY" ID-ENA="2831" authority="Butcher emend. Veron" authorityName="Veron" box="[650,1019,423,450]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFD12FE7668CCFE53" bold="true" box="[650,746,423,450]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Pavlova</emphasis>
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Butcher emend. Véron
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C348138B8460FFF6FD40FE1A69CDFEE5" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BED40008460FFEAFD40FE1A697AFE74" blockId="15.[568,1019,423,485]" box="[728,860,459,485]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
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<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFD40FE1A697AFE74" box="[728,860,459,485]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="15.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-1="16.[189,231,1787,1813]" captionStartId-2="17.[188,231,1681,1707]" captionStartId-3="18.[189,233,1540,1566]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,1507,1855]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetBox-2="[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetBox-3="[315,1272,265,1501]" captionTargetId-0="figure-446@15.[189,1398,1507,1855]" captionTargetId-1="figure-267@16.[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetId-2="figure-225@17.[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetId-3="figure-15@18.[315,1272,265,1501]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="17" captionTargetPageId-3="18" captionText-0="Fig. 10. Pavlova sp. AC248, motile cells, LM images. Side views of curved oblong (A), ovoid (B) and spherical (C) free-swimming cells with conspicuous S-shaped AF emerging apically. Greenish brown parietal C (black arrows) with an E and a posterior bulging PY. Vacuolar crystals of barium sulphate (white arrows). Scale bars = 10 µm." captionText-1="Fig. 11.Pavlova sp. AC248, chloroplast details, TEM images (Fix 1). A. Benthic colony of non-motile cells surrounded by a single, loose, non-layered M (white stars); single cup-shaped parietal C. B. Longitudinal section of a flagellate cell with parallel arrangement of TH in the C. Posterior PY protruding from the centre of the C, opposite a F, with an E at the tip of the C on its inner face. C. Detail of parallel TH lamellae forming stacks of 4 or 5 ending at the beginning of the PY.D. Detail of F insertion area showing proximity of the intrachloroplastic E to the long flagellar root (white arrows). Scale bars: A–B = 2 µm; C–D = 200 nm." captionText-2="Fig. 12. Pavlova sp. AC248, flagellar apparatus details of motile cells. A. SEM image of apical view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus emerging almost in the centre of a narrow, shallow pit: tomentose S-shaped AF, end-tapered PF and bipartite H inserted between both. Bulging PY on the opposite side. B–E. Negative staining images. B. Details of the base of the F apparatus showing the AF, PF with a tapered end, and H consisting of a proximal part of constant diameter and a distal part of subequal length and smaller diameter. C. Distal rounded part of the AF (with a blistering of the membrane) showing covering of long non-tubular hairs and regular arrangement of KS. D. Central part of the AF showing flat KS with a slight median constriction (black arrows) arranged in several more or less regular layers. E. Proximal part of the AF with multilayered KS, extending after a bare area in the immediate vicinity of the cell. Scale bars: A–B = 1 µm; C = 0.5 µm; D = 50 nm; E = 200 nm." captionText-3="Fig. 13. Three Pavlova strains, details of the PY. A–E. TEM images. A. AC250, whole cell with a longitudinally sectioned C showing the E composed of osmiophilic clustered globules on its inner side and on the opposite side, the transversely sectioned campylotropous PY forming a slight hump on the cell surface and showing the narrow median space. (Fix 1). B. AC248, protruding campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned, completely surrounded by the C-membrane, bordered by periplastic ER on the cell surface and showing a narrow medial stromal space. (Fix 1). C. AC250, campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned emerging from the C towards the interior of the cell. (Fix 1). D. AC33, section of a palmelloid benthic cell surrounded by M with a cross sectioned campylotropous PY, in the middle of single cup-shaped parietal C, forming an ovoid bulge at the cell surface. (Original image, courtesy of C. Billard). E. AC248, detail of a cross section of the campylotropous pyrenoid attached to the plasma membrane (white arrows) showing the surrounding chloroplastic envelope lined on the inside by the periplastic ER (black arrows). (Fix 1). F. SEM image of AC248, postero-lateral view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus. PY bulging opposite the flagella with a tongue-like part projecting outwards from the cell. Scale bars: A = 1 µm; B = 20 nm; C = 0.5 µm; E = 200 nm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710278" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710280" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710282" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710284" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7710278/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7710280/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7710282/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7710284/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Figs 10–13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED40008460FFEAFF25FDDD6969FDFC" blockId="15.[189,1398,524,621]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
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The unidentified strains of
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<taxonomicName id="4C523B838460FFEAFE63FDDD687DFDB7" box="[507,603,524,550]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFE63FDDD687DFDB7" box="[507,603,524,550]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Pavlova</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(AC248 and AC250) were chosen for study because none had ever been examined within the sub-clade 3.2 (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF18460FFEAFD3AFDFE695BFDD8" author="Bendif E. L. & Probert I. & Herve A. & Billard C. & Goux D. & Lelong C. & Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B." box="[674,893,559,585]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" pagination="738 - 761" refId="ref11960" refString="Bendif E. L., Probert I., Herve A., Billard C., Goux D., Lelong C., Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B. 2011. Integrative taxonomy of the Pavlovophyceae (Haptophyta): A reassessment. Protist 162: 738 - 761. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. protis. 2011.05.001" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Bendif
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<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFD64FDE1691EFDD8" box="[764,824,559,585]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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); both strains were found to have the same cytomorphological characteristics as the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C523B838460FFEAFD70FD83696EFDFD" box="[744,840,594,620]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFD70FD83696EFDFD" box="[744,840,594,620]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Pavlova</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED40008460FFEAFF25FD45689EFD3F" blockId="15.[189,696,660,686]" box="[189,696,660,686]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
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<heading id="D0A5F76C8460FFEAFF25FD45689EFD3F" bold="true" box="[189,696,660,686]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFF25FD45689EFD3F" bold="true" box="[189,696,660,686]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Description of strains AC248 and AC250</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED40008460FFEAFF25FD136EFBFB36" blockId="15.[189,1399,706,1191]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
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Non-motile cells are occasionally present in cultures, clustered to a few in a loose mucilage (
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<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFA9CFD136F48FD4C" box="[1284,1390,706,733]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-267@16.[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 11.Pavlova sp. AC248, chloroplast details, TEM images (Fix 1). A. Benthic colony of non-motile cells surrounded by a single, loose, non-layered M (white stars); single cup-shaped parietal C. B. Longitudinal section of a flagellate cell with parallel arrangement of TH in the C. Posterior PY protruding from the centre of the C, opposite a F, with an E at the tip of the C on its inner face. C. Detail of parallel TH lamellae forming stacks of 4 or 5 ending at the beginning of the PY.D. Detail of F insertion area showing proximity of the intrachloroplastic E to the long flagellar root (white arrows). Scale bars: A–B = 2 µm; C–D = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710280/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
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) and showing a reduced flagellar appendage. Motile cells are slightly ovoid (5.9 µm ± 0.5 × 5.2 µm ± 0.4, n = 49), free swimming and highly metabolic (
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<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFD46FCD86910FCB2" box="[734,822,777,803]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1507,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-446@15.[189,1398,1507,1855]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 10. Pavlova sp. AC248, motile cells, LM images. Side views of curved oblong (A), ovoid (B) and spherical (C) free-swimming cells with conspicuous S-shaped AF emerging apically. Greenish brown parietal C (black arrows) with an E and a posterior bulging PY. Vacuolar crystals of barium sulphate (white arrows). Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710278/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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). Emergence of the appendages is from a narrow, shallow sub-apical pit (
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<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFE57FCFD681AFCD7" box="[463,572,812,838]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[188,231,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-225@17.[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 12. Pavlova sp. AC248, flagellar apparatus details of motile cells. A. SEM image of apical view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus emerging almost in the centre of a narrow, shallow pit: tomentose S-shaped AF, end-tapered PF and bipartite H inserted between both. Bulging PY on the opposite side. B–E. Negative staining images. B. Details of the base of the F apparatus showing the AF, PF with a tapered end, and H consisting of a proximal part of constant diameter and a distal part of subequal length and smaller diameter. C. Distal rounded part of the AF (with a blistering of the membrane) showing covering of long non-tubular hairs and regular arrangement of KS. D. Central part of the AF showing flat KS with a slight median constriction (black arrows) arranged in several more or less regular layers. E. Proximal part of the AF with multilayered KS, extending after a bare area in the immediate vicinity of the cell. Scale bars: A–B = 1 µm; C = 0.5 µm; D = 50 nm; E = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710282/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
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). Except at its base (
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<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFCB5FCFD69B0FCD7" box="[813,918,812,838]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[188,231,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-225@17.[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 12. Pavlova sp. AC248, flagellar apparatus details of motile cells. A. SEM image of apical view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus emerging almost in the centre of a narrow, shallow pit: tomentose S-shaped AF, end-tapered PF and bipartite H inserted between both. Bulging PY on the opposite side. B–E. Negative staining images. B. Details of the base of the F apparatus showing the AF, PF with a tapered end, and H consisting of a proximal part of constant diameter and a distal part of subequal length and smaller diameter. C. Distal rounded part of the AF (with a blistering of the membrane) showing covering of long non-tubular hairs and regular arrangement of KS. D. Central part of the AF showing flat KS with a slight median constriction (black arrows) arranged in several more or less regular layers. E. Proximal part of the AF with multilayered KS, extending after a bare area in the immediate vicinity of the cell. Scale bars: A–B = 1 µm; C = 0.5 µm; D = 50 nm; E = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710282/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
|
||
), the AF (9.5 µm ± 3.8, n = 12) is coated with several layers of regularly spaced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFD0AFC9E68DBFCF8" box="[658,765,847,873]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[188,231,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-225@17.[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 12. Pavlova sp. AC248, flagellar apparatus details of motile cells. A. SEM image of apical view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus emerging almost in the centre of a narrow, shallow pit: tomentose S-shaped AF, end-tapered PF and bipartite H inserted between both. Bulging PY on the opposite side. B–E. Negative staining images. B. Details of the base of the F apparatus showing the AF, PF with a tapered end, and H consisting of a proximal part of constant diameter and a distal part of subequal length and smaller diameter. C. Distal rounded part of the AF (with a blistering of the membrane) showing covering of long non-tubular hairs and regular arrangement of KS. D. Central part of the AF showing flat KS with a slight median constriction (black arrows) arranged in several more or less regular layers. E. Proximal part of the AF with multilayered KS, extending after a bare area in the immediate vicinity of the cell. Scale bars: A–B = 1 µm; C = 0.5 µm; D = 50 nm; E = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710282/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
|
||
) flat and ovoid KS (≈ 47 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAAEDE58460FFEAFBA6FC9E6EACFCFB" box="[1086,1162,847,874]" metricMagnitude="-8" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" unit="nm" value="34.0">34 nm</quantity>
|
||
, n = 4) with a slight median constriction and with fine non-tubular hairs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFCBCFCA369A9FC1C" box="[804,911,882,909]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[188,231,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-225@17.[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 12. Pavlova sp. AC248, flagellar apparatus details of motile cells. A. SEM image of apical view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus emerging almost in the centre of a narrow, shallow pit: tomentose S-shaped AF, end-tapered PF and bipartite H inserted between both. Bulging PY on the opposite side. B–E. Negative staining images. B. Details of the base of the F apparatus showing the AF, PF with a tapered end, and H consisting of a proximal part of constant diameter and a distal part of subequal length and smaller diameter. C. Distal rounded part of the AF (with a blistering of the membrane) showing covering of long non-tubular hairs and regular arrangement of KS. D. Central part of the AF showing flat KS with a slight median constriction (black arrows) arranged in several more or less regular layers. E. Proximal part of the AF with multilayered KS, extending after a bare area in the immediate vicinity of the cell. Scale bars: A–B = 1 µm; C = 0.5 µm; D = 50 nm; E = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710282/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The smooth and short PF (1.9 µm ± 0.5, n = 6) is tapered distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFE71FC476873FC21" box="[489,597,918,944]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[188,231,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-225@17.[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 12. Pavlova sp. AC248, flagellar apparatus details of motile cells. A. SEM image of apical view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus emerging almost in the centre of a narrow, shallow pit: tomentose S-shaped AF, end-tapered PF and bipartite H inserted between both. Bulging PY on the opposite side. B–E. Negative staining images. B. Details of the base of the F apparatus showing the AF, PF with a tapered end, and H consisting of a proximal part of constant diameter and a distal part of subequal length and smaller diameter. C. Distal rounded part of the AF (with a blistering of the membrane) showing covering of long non-tubular hairs and regular arrangement of KS. D. Central part of the AF showing flat KS with a slight median constriction (black arrows) arranged in several more or less regular layers. E. Proximal part of the AF with multilayered KS, extending after a bare area in the immediate vicinity of the cell. Scale bars: A–B = 1 µm; C = 0.5 µm; D = 50 nm; E = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710282/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The bipartite H (1.1 µm ± 0.2, n = 7) consists of a proximal part of constant diameter and a distal part of equal length and smaller diameter. The single cup-shaped parietal C (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFF7AFC0D6B6DFC67" box="[226,331,988,1014]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-267@16.[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 11.Pavlova sp. AC248, chloroplast details, TEM images (Fix 1). A. Benthic colony of non-motile cells surrounded by a single, loose, non-layered M (white stars); single cup-shaped parietal C. B. Longitudinal section of a flagellate cell with parallel arrangement of TH in the C. Posterior PY protruding from the centre of the C, opposite a F, with an E at the tip of the C on its inner face. C. Detail of parallel TH lamellae forming stacks of 4 or 5 ending at the beginning of the PY.D. Detail of F insertion area showing proximity of the intrachloroplastic E to the long flagellar root (white arrows). Scale bars: A–B = 2 µm; C–D = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710280/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
|
||
) contains bundles of thylakoids grouped in stacks three to five (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFBDCFC0D6E89FC67" box="[1092,1199,988,1014]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-267@16.[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 11.Pavlova sp. AC248, chloroplast details, TEM images (Fix 1). A. Benthic colony of non-motile cells surrounded by a single, loose, non-layered M (white stars); single cup-shaped parietal C. B. Longitudinal section of a flagellate cell with parallel arrangement of TH in the C. Posterior PY protruding from the centre of the C, opposite a F, with an E at the tip of the C on its inner face. C. Detail of parallel TH lamellae forming stacks of 4 or 5 ending at the beginning of the PY.D. Detail of F insertion area showing proximity of the intrachloroplastic E to the long flagellar root (white arrows). Scale bars: A–B = 2 µm; C–D = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710280/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
|
||
). One end of the C, near the pit and F bases, contains a conspicuous orange E (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFC34FC2E6E1AFB88" box="[940,1084,1023,1049]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1507,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-446@15.[189,1398,1507,1855]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 10. Pavlova sp. AC248, motile cells, LM images. Side views of curved oblong (A), ovoid (B) and spherical (C) free-swimming cells with conspicuous S-shaped AF emerging apically. Greenish brown parietal C (black arrows) with an E and a posterior bulging PY. Vacuolar crystals of barium sulphate (white arrows). Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710278/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 10A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
) consisting of a cluster of osmiophilic globules located along its inner surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFCAAFBF369E5FBAC" box="[818,963,1058,1085]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-267@16.[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 11.Pavlova sp. AC248, chloroplast details, TEM images (Fix 1). A. Benthic colony of non-motile cells surrounded by a single, loose, non-layered M (white stars); single cup-shaped parietal C. B. Longitudinal section of a flagellate cell with parallel arrangement of TH in the C. Posterior PY protruding from the centre of the C, opposite a F, with an E at the tip of the C on its inner face. C. Detail of parallel TH lamellae forming stacks of 4 or 5 ending at the beginning of the PY.D. Detail of F insertion area showing proximity of the intrachloroplastic E to the long flagellar root (white arrows). Scale bars: A–B = 2 µm; C–D = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710280/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the centre of the C, opposite the F base, is a PY forming an ovoid bulge at the cell surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFCEDFB9769C3FBF1" box="[885,997,1094,1120]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1507,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-446@15.[189,1398,1507,1855]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 10. Pavlova sp. AC248, motile cells, LM images. Side views of curved oblong (A), ovoid (B) and spherical (C) free-swimming cells with conspicuous S-shaped AF emerging apically. Greenish brown parietal C (black arrows) with an E and a posterior bulging PY. Vacuolar crystals of barium sulphate (white arrows). Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710278/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Figs 10C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFC6AFB976E05FBF1" box="[1010,1059,1094,1120]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-267@16.[189,1398,788,1747]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 11.Pavlova sp. AC248, chloroplast details, TEM images (Fix 1). A. Benthic colony of non-motile cells surrounded by a single, loose, non-layered M (white stars); single cup-shaped parietal C. B. Longitudinal section of a flagellate cell with parallel arrangement of TH in the C. Posterior PY protruding from the centre of the C, opposite a F, with an E at the tip of the C on its inner face. C. Detail of parallel TH lamellae forming stacks of 4 or 5 ending at the beginning of the PY.D. Detail of F insertion area showing proximity of the intrachloroplastic E to the long flagellar root (white arrows). Scale bars: A–B = 2 µm; C–D = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710280/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">11B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFBA9FB976E41FBF1" box="[1073,1127,1094,1120]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[188,231,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-225@17.[188,1399,864,1642]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 12. Pavlova sp. AC248, flagellar apparatus details of motile cells. A. SEM image of apical view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus emerging almost in the centre of a narrow, shallow pit: tomentose S-shaped AF, end-tapered PF and bipartite H inserted between both. Bulging PY on the opposite side. B–E. Negative staining images. B. Details of the base of the F apparatus showing the AF, PF with a tapered end, and H consisting of a proximal part of constant diameter and a distal part of subequal length and smaller diameter. C. Distal rounded part of the AF (with a blistering of the membrane) showing covering of long non-tubular hairs and regular arrangement of KS. D. Central part of the AF showing flat KS with a slight median constriction (black arrows) arranged in several more or less regular layers. E. Proximal part of the AF with multilayered KS, extending after a bare area in the immediate vicinity of the cell. Scale bars: A–B = 1 µm; C = 0.5 µm; D = 50 nm; E = 200 nm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710282/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">12A</figureCitation>
|
||
). In transverse section, this protruding PY has the unusual aspect of a thick, wide utricle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFC49FBB86EA5FB12" box="[977,1155,1129,1155]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,233,1540,1566]" captionTargetBox="[315,1272,265,1501]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[315,1272,265,1501]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 13. Three Pavlova strains, details of the PY. A–E. TEM images. A. AC250, whole cell with a longitudinally sectioned C showing the E composed of osmiophilic clustered globules on its inner side and on the opposite side, the transversely sectioned campylotropous PY forming a slight hump on the cell surface and showing the narrow median space. (Fix 1). B. AC248, protruding campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned, completely surrounded by the C-membrane, bordered by periplastic ER on the cell surface and showing a narrow medial stromal space. (Fix 1). C. AC250, campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned emerging from the C towards the interior of the cell. (Fix 1). D. AC33, section of a palmelloid benthic cell surrounded by M with a cross sectioned campylotropous PY, in the middle of single cup-shaped parietal C, forming an ovoid bulge at the cell surface. (Original image, courtesy of C. Billard). E. AC248, detail of a cross section of the campylotropous pyrenoid attached to the plasma membrane (white arrows) showing the surrounding chloroplastic envelope lined on the inside by the periplastic ER (black arrows). (Fix 1). F. SEM image of AC248, postero-lateral view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus. PY bulging opposite the flagella with a tongue-like part projecting outwards from the cell. Scale bars: A = 1 µm; B = 20 nm; C = 0.5 µm; E = 200 nm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710284/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 13A–B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) curving in on itself (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFF5EFB5D6B76FB37" box="[198,336,1164,1190]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,233,1540,1566]" captionTargetBox="[315,1272,265,1501]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[315,1272,265,1501]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 13. Three Pavlova strains, details of the PY. A–E. TEM images. A. AC250, whole cell with a longitudinally sectioned C showing the E composed of osmiophilic clustered globules on its inner side and on the opposite side, the transversely sectioned campylotropous PY forming a slight hump on the cell surface and showing the narrow median space. (Fix 1). B. AC248, protruding campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned, completely surrounded by the C-membrane, bordered by periplastic ER on the cell surface and showing a narrow medial stromal space. (Fix 1). C. AC250, campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned emerging from the C towards the interior of the cell. (Fix 1). D. AC33, section of a palmelloid benthic cell surrounded by M with a cross sectioned campylotropous PY, in the middle of single cup-shaped parietal C, forming an ovoid bulge at the cell surface. (Original image, courtesy of C. Billard). E. AC248, detail of a cross section of the campylotropous pyrenoid attached to the plasma membrane (white arrows) showing the surrounding chloroplastic envelope lined on the inside by the periplastic ER (black arrows). (Fix 1). F. SEM image of AC248, postero-lateral view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus. PY bulging opposite the flagella with a tongue-like part projecting outwards from the cell. Scale bars: A = 1 µm; B = 20 nm; C = 0.5 µm; E = 200 nm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710284/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 13B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and entirely surrounded by the C-membrane bordered by the periplastic ER.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED40008460FFEAFF25FB1C68BCFB79" blockId="15.[189,666,1229,1256]" box="[189,666,1229,1256]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFF25FB1C68BCFB79" bold="true" box="[189,666,1229,1256]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Details of the pyrenoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B838460FFEAFD98FB1C68BCFB79" box="[512,666,1229,1256]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFD98FB1C6846FB79" bold="true" box="[512,608,1229,1256]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED40008460FFEAFF25FB2D6943FA11" blockId="15.[188,1399,1276,1408]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
This particular form of PY, present in strains AC248, AC250 and also AC33 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C858460FFEAFBDFFB2D6E92FA87" box="[1095,1204,1276,1302]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,233,1540,1566]" captionTargetBox="[315,1272,265,1501]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[315,1272,265,1501]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 13. Three Pavlova strains, details of the PY. A–E. TEM images. A. AC250, whole cell with a longitudinally sectioned C showing the E composed of osmiophilic clustered globules on its inner side and on the opposite side, the transversely sectioned campylotropous PY forming a slight hump on the cell surface and showing the narrow median space. (Fix 1). B. AC248, protruding campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned, completely surrounded by the C-membrane, bordered by periplastic ER on the cell surface and showing a narrow medial stromal space. (Fix 1). C. AC250, campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned emerging from the C towards the interior of the cell. (Fix 1). D. AC33, section of a palmelloid benthic cell surrounded by M with a cross sectioned campylotropous PY, in the middle of single cup-shaped parietal C, forming an ovoid bulge at the cell surface. (Original image, courtesy of C. Billard). E. AC248, detail of a cross section of the campylotropous pyrenoid attached to the plasma membrane (white arrows) showing the surrounding chloroplastic envelope lined on the inside by the periplastic ER (black arrows). (Fix 1). F. SEM image of AC248, postero-lateral view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus. PY bulging opposite the flagella with a tongue-like part projecting outwards from the cell. Scale bars: A = 1 µm; B = 20 nm; C = 0.5 µm; E = 200 nm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710284/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
|
||
), had previously been observed in various species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B838460FFEAFDC3FACE689DFAA8" box="[603,699,1311,1337]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFDC3FACE689DFAA8" box="[603,699,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B838460FFEAFD65FAF16949FAA8" authorityName=", Green" authorityYear="1980" box="[765,879,1312,1337]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="pinguis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFD65FAF16949FAA8" box="[765,879,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">P. pinguis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B838460FFEAFCE4FAF169CEFAA8" authorityName=", Green & Manton" authorityYear="1970" baseAuthorityName="Butcher" box="[892,1000,1312,1337]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="gyrans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFCE4FAF169CEFAA8" box="[892,1000,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">P. gyrans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B838460FFEAFB86FAF16E8EFAA8" authorityName=", Green" authorityYear="1973" baseAuthorityName="Mack" box="[1054,1192,1311,1337]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="granifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFB86FAF16E8EFAA8" box="[1054,1192,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">P. granifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) but had not been retained as a marker of the genus. It turns out that with all strains of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B838460FFEAFC6EFA936E70FACD" box="[1014,1110,1346,1372]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFC6EFA936E70FACD" box="[1014,1110,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for which we now have sections, this PY is a very distinctive feature of the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2D10888460FFEAFF25F8B56844F878" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710278" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710278/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" startId="15.[189,232,1892,1918]" targetBox="[189,1398,1507,1855]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED40008460FFEAFF25F8B56844F878" blockId="15.[189,1399,1892,2025]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFF25F8B56B3CF8EE" bold="true" box="[189,282,1892,1919]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B838460FFEAFEBAF8B46B8CF8EE" box="[290,426,1893,1919]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFEBAF8B46BA4F8EE" box="[290,386,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
AC248, motile cells, LM images. Side views of curved oblong (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFB3DF8B56E9CF8EF" bold="true" box="[1189,1210,1892,1918]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">A</emphasis>
|
||
), ovoid (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFABFF8B46F1DF8EE" bold="true" box="[1319,1339,1893,1919]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">B</emphasis>
|
||
) and spherical (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C128460FFEAFEA2F8596B69F833" bold="true" box="[314,335,1928,1954]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">C</emphasis>
|
||
) free-swimming cells with conspicuous S-shaped AF emerging apically. Greenish brown parietal C (black arrows) with an E and a posterior bulging PY. Vacuolar crystals of barium sulphate (white arrows). Scale bars = 10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED4000847FFFF4FF25FED86813FED7" blockId="16.[188,1399,265,714]" lastBlockId="17.[188,1399,265,326]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Indeed, at the time of the revision of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847FFFF5FC9AFEDB6E02FEB2" authority=", Green (1980)" authorityName=", Green" authorityYear="1980" box="[770,1060,265,291]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="pinguis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FC9AFEDB6953FEB2" box="[770,885,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">P. pinguis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847FFFF5FC1EFED86E02FEB2" author="Green J. C." box="[902,1060,265,291]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" pagination="151 - 191" refId="ref12706" refString="Green J. C. 1980. The fine structure of Pavlova pinguis Green and a preliminary survey of the order Pavlovales (Prymnesiophyceae). British Phycological Journal 15: 151 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00071618000650171" type="journal article" year="1980">Green (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
observed this pyrenoid very clearly in posterior position which he described as “large and conspicuous, frequently being pushed into a bulge at the posterior end of the cell.”. He also noted that this PY is “...frequently penetrated by a tubular invagination containing cytoplasmic material...”. In fact, his illustrations (see his figs 8, 44, 45) clearly show the curved shape of this PY in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847FFFF5FD54FE466966FE21" authorityName=", Green" authorityYear="1980" box="[716,832,407,432]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="pinguis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FD54FE466966FE21" box="[716,832,407,432]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">P. pinguis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as does fig. 7F of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847FFFF5FBBEFE476F32FE21" author="Bendif E. L. & Probert I. & Herve A. & Billard C. & Goux D. & Lelong C. & Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B." box="[1062,1300,406,432]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" pagination="738 - 761" refId="ref11960" refString="Bendif E. L., Probert I., Herve A., Billard C., Goux D., Lelong C., Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B. 2011. Integrative taxonomy of the Pavlovophyceae (Haptophyta): A reassessment. Protist 162: 738 - 761. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. protis. 2011.05.001" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Bendif
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FBE6FE466E9CFE21" box="[1150,1210,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In their revision of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847FFFF5FEDBFE6B68FAFE42" authority=", Green & Manton (1970)" authorityName=", Green & Manton" authorityYear="1970" baseAuthorityName="Butcher" box="[323,732,441,467]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="gyrans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FEDBFE6B6B96FE42" box="[323,432,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">P. gyrans</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847FFFF5FE26FE6868FAFE42" author="Green J. C. & Manton I." box="[446,732,441,467]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" pagination="1113 - 1130" refId="ref12751" refString="Green J. C. & Manton I. 1970. Studies in the fine structure and taxonomy of the flagellates in the genus Pavlova I. A revision of Pavlova gyrans, the type species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 50: 1113 - 1130. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400005981" type="journal article" year="1970">Green & Manton (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
noted the central position of the PY within the C as well as its prominent bulging shape but did not examine thin-sections in TEM allowing them to see its curved shape. In their revision of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847FFFF5FDF8FE2E68E6FD88" box="[608,704,511,537]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FDF8FE2E68E6FD88" box="[608,704,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they retained the fact that the C is bilobed with a prominent PY.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847FFFF5FF74FDF36BF5FDAC" author="Bendif E. L. & Probert I. & Herve A. & Billard C. & Goux D. & Lelong C. & Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B." box="[236,467,546,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" pagination="738 - 761" refId="ref11960" refString="Bendif E. L., Probert I., Herve A., Billard C., Goux D., Lelong C., Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B. 2011. Integrative taxonomy of the Pavlovophyceae (Haptophyta): A reassessment. Protist 162: 738 - 761. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. protis. 2011.05.001" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Bendif
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FEDCFDF26B59FDAD" box="[324,383,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also showed this recurving PY in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847FFFF5FCFEFDF269F4FDAD" authorityName=", Green & Manton" authorityYear="1970" baseAuthorityName="Butcher" box="[870,978,547,572]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="gyrans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FCFEFDF269F4FDAD" box="[870,978,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">P. gyrans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see their fig. 6G) but retained only the bulge it forms on the cell. For
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847FFFF5FDCCFD9669A8FDF1" authority=", Green (1973)" authorityName=", Green" authorityYear="1973" baseAuthorityName="Mack" box="[596,910,582,608]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="granifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FDCCFD9668C7FDF1" box="[596,737,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">P. granifera</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847FFFF5FD68FD9769A8FDF1" author="Green J. C." box="[752,910,582,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref12589" refString="Green J. C. 1973. Studies in the fine structure and taxonomy of flagellates in the genus Pavlova. II. A freshwater representative, Pavlova granifera (Mack) comb. nov. British Phycological Journal 8: 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00071617300650011" type="journal article" year="1973">Green (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
showed the same shape and organisation of the PY (see his fig. 4) with an extension this time towards the interior of the cell (see his fig. 35), a situation we also observed only in the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847FFFF5FD7BFD5D6954FD36" authority="AC" authorityName="AC" box="[739,882,652,679]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FD7BFD5D6965FD37" box="[739,835,652,678]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
AC
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
250 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C85847FFFF5FC37FD5D6E3DFD37" box="[943,1051,652,678]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,233,1540,1566]" captionTargetBox="[315,1272,265,1501]" captionTargetId="figure-15@18.[315,1272,265,1501]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 13. Three Pavlova strains, details of the PY. A–E. TEM images. A. AC250, whole cell with a longitudinally sectioned C showing the E composed of osmiophilic clustered globules on its inner side and on the opposite side, the transversely sectioned campylotropous PY forming a slight hump on the cell surface and showing the narrow median space. (Fix 1). B. AC248, protruding campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned, completely surrounded by the C-membrane, bordered by periplastic ER on the cell surface and showing a narrow medial stromal space. (Fix 1). C. AC250, campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned emerging from the C towards the interior of the cell. (Fix 1). D. AC33, section of a palmelloid benthic cell surrounded by M with a cross sectioned campylotropous PY, in the middle of single cup-shaped parietal C, forming an ovoid bulge at the cell surface. (Original image, courtesy of C. Billard). E. AC248, detail of a cross section of the campylotropous pyrenoid attached to the plasma membrane (white arrows) showing the surrounding chloroplastic envelope lined on the inside by the periplastic ER (black arrows). (Fix 1). F. SEM image of AC248, postero-lateral view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus. PY bulging opposite the flagella with a tongue-like part projecting outwards from the cell. Scale bars: A = 1 µm; B = 20 nm; C = 0.5 µm; E = 200 nm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710284/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847FFFF5FBA9FD5D6EF6FD37" author="Green J. C." box="[1073,1232,652,678]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref12589" refString="Green J. C. 1973. Studies in the fine structure and taxonomy of flagellates in the genus Pavlova. II. A freshwater representative, Pavlova granifera (Mack) comb. nov. British Phycological Journal 8: 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00071617300650011" type="journal article" year="1973">Green (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not retain the singular shape of this PY but reports in his revision of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847FFFF5FC34FD616E1CFD58" authorityName=", Green" authorityYear="1973" baseAuthorityName="Mack" box="[940,1082,687,713]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="granifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FC34FD616E1CFD58" box="[940,1082,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">P. granifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, that the PY is “discretely bulging towards the interior of the cell” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847EFFF4FD01FED8690EFEB2" author="Green J. C." box="[665,808,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" pagination="151 - 191" refId="ref12706" refString="Green J. C. 1980. The fine structure of Pavlova pinguis Green and a preliminary survey of the order Pavlovales (Prymnesiophyceae). British Phycological Journal 15: 151 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00071618000650171" type="journal article" year="1980">Green 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847EFFF4FCA4FED86E06FEB2" author="Bendif E. L. & Probert I. & Herve A. & Billard C. & Goux D. & Lelong C. & Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B." box="[828,1056,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" pagination="738 - 761" refId="ref11960" refString="Bendif E. L., Probert I., Herve A., Billard C., Goux D., Lelong C., Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B. 2011. Integrative taxonomy of the Pavlovophyceae (Haptophyta): A reassessment. Protist 162: 738 - 761. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. protis. 2011.05.001" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Bendif
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FC0AFEDB69EBFEB2" box="[914,973,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also observe this pyrenoid in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847EFFF4FF24FEFC6B6EFED7" authorityName=", Green" authorityYear="1973" baseAuthorityName="Mack" box="[188,328,300,326]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="granifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FF24FEFC6B6EFED7" box="[188,328,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">P. granifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but with less detail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2D1088847FFFF5FF25F92A6B52F878" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710280" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710280/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" startId="16.[189,231,1787,1813]" targetBox="[189,1398,788,1747]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED4000847FFFF5FF25F92A6B52F878" blockId="16.[187,1399,1787,2025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FF25F92A6B32F884" bold="true" box="[189,276,1787,1813]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">Fig. 11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847FFFF5FE8FF92A6BBBF887" box="[279,413,1787,1814]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FE8FF92A6B53F884" box="[279,373,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
AC248, chloroplast details, TEM images (Fix 1).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FC56F92A69C5F884" bold="true" box="[974,995,1787,1813]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Benthic colony of non-motile cells surrounded by a single, loose, non-layered M (white stars); single cup-shaped parietal C.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FB27F8CF6EF5F8A9" bold="true" box="[1215,1235,1822,1848]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Longitudinal section of a flagellate cell with parallel arrangement of TH in the C. Posterior PY protruding from the centre of the C, opposite a F, with an E at the tip of the C on its inner face.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FBCDF8B56E4CF8EF" bold="true" box="[1109,1130,1892,1918]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Detail of parallel TH lamellae forming stacks of 4 or 5 ending at the beginning of the PY.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847FFFF5FC51F85969F8F833" bold="true" box="[969,990,1928,1954]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Detail of F insertion area showing proximity of the intrachloroplastic E to the long flagellar root (white arrows). Scale bars: A–B = 2 µm; C–D = 200 nm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED4000847EFFF4FF25FEBF68B8FD84" blockId="17.[189,1399,366,533]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">
|
||
The singular shape of this PY that we describe as campylotropous is indeed a distinctive feature of the species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847EFFF4FE7CFE406862FE3A" box="[484,580,401,427]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FE7CFE406862FE3A" box="[484,580,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
since in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847EFFF4FD29FE4069AEFE3A" box="[689,904,401,427]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Exanthemachrysis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FD29FE4069AEFE3A" box="[689,904,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">Exanthemachrysis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the other genus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847EFFF4FBE1FE406F1FFE3A" box="[1145,1337,401,427]" class="Pavlovophyceae" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="class">Pavlovophyceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a bulging pyrenoid) the two species now described do not show such a recurving shape, but a simple sphero-ovoid PY (see for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847EFFF4FE7DFE0969B7FE60" authority=": Gayral & Fresnel 1979" authorityName=": Gayral & Fresnel" authorityYear="1979" box="[485,913,471,498]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Exanthemachrysis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="gayraliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FE7DFE096852FE60" box="[485,628,471,497]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">E. gayraliae</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847EFFF4FD1BFE0669B7FE60" author="Gayral P. & Fresnel J." box="[643,913,471,497]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" pagination="271 - 282" refId="ref12467" refString="Gayral P. & Fresnel J. 1979. Exanthemachrysis gayraliae Lepailleur (Prymnesiophyceae, Pavlovales): Ultrastructure et discussion taxinomique. Protistologica XV: 271 - 282." type="journal article" year="1979">Gayral & Fresnel 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: figs 11–12, 21–22 and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847EFFF4FB38FE066F57FE60" author="Bendif E. L. & Probert I. & Herve A. & Billard C. & Goux D. & Lelong C. & Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B." box="[1184,1393,471,497]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" pagination="738 - 761" refId="ref11960" refString="Bendif E. L., Probert I., Herve A., Billard C., Goux D., Lelong C., Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B. 2011. Integrative taxonomy of the Pavlovophyceae (Haptophyta): A reassessment. Protist 162: 738 - 761. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. protis. 2011.05.001" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Bendif
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FB6EFE096F09FE60" box="[1270,1327,471,497]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4E; for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847EFFF4FEDCFE2A6BFEFD85" authority="Véron & Rougier & Taylor & Goux, 2023" authorityName="Véron & Rougier & Taylor & Goux" authorityYear="2023" box="[324,472,506,532]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Exanthemachrysis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="fresneliae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FEDCFE2A6BFEFD85" box="[324,472,506,532]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">E. fresneliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2152169847EFFF4FE47FE2A681BFD84" box="[479,573,507,533]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="13695C85847EFFF4FDD0FE2B68A8FD84" box="[584,654,506,533]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,738,1819]" captionTargetId="figure-97@7.[188,1397,738,1819]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. Exanthemachrysis fresneliae Véron sp. nov. (AC35), palmelloid cell, TEM image (Fix 1). Nonmotile benthic cell embedded in non-stratified M showing single parietal C with a bulging PY at its end. Row of few osmiophilic vesicles forming an E in C stroma located at the junction of TH and PY. Both F bases (white arrows) positioned in continuity with a notch in the nucleus facing the sub-ventral pit (black arrow). Scale bar:1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710264/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED4000847EFFF4FF25FDED6BA2FCB8" blockId="17.[189,1399,572,809]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">
|
||
When
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847EFFF4FE96FDED6BE0FDC6" author="Butcher R. W." box="[270,454,572,599]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" pagination="175 - 191" refId="ref12057" refString="Butcher R. W. 1952. Contributions to our knowledge of the smaller marine algae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 31: 175 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400003751" type="journal article" year="1952">Butcher (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erected the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847EFFF4FD35FDED692BFDC7" box="[685,781,572,598]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FD35FDED692BFDC7" box="[685,781,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, he noted the presence of “leucosin bodies” in the posterior part of the cells and his drawings (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847EFFF4FD45FD8E6959FDEB" author="Butcher R. W." box="[733,895,607,634]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" pagination="175 - 191" refId="ref12057" refString="Butcher R. W. 1952. Contributions to our knowledge of the smaller marine algae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 31: 175 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400003751" type="journal article" year="1952">Butcher 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. II, figs 35–37) clearly show what is now known to be this
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E9FEA2847EFFF4FE12FD526B9BFD0C" box="[394,445,643,669]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of PY. He did not retain this character as distinctive of the genus, nor did
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847EFFF4FAB7FD536B28FD2E" author="Green J. C." pageId="17" pageNumber="38" pagination="299 - 303" refId="ref12555" refString="Green J. C. 1967. A new species of Pavlova from Madeira. British Phycological Bulletin 3: 299 - 303. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00071616700650181" type="journal article" year="1967">Green (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as cited above, when describing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847EFFF4FD3AFD77693EFD2E" authorityName=", Green" authorityYear="1980" box="[674,792,678,703]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="pinguis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FD3AFD77693EFD2E" box="[674,792,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">P. pinguis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and his subsequent revision of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847EFFF4FA88FD746F49FD2E" box="[1296,1391,677,703]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FA88FD746F49FD2E" box="[1296,1391,677,703]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC33DF1847EFFF4FF25FD186B81FD72" author="Bendif E. L. & Probert I. & Herve A. & Billard C. & Goux D. & Lelong C. & Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B." box="[189,423,713,739]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" pagination="738 - 761" refId="ref11960" refString="Bendif E. L., Probert I., Herve A., Billard C., Goux D., Lelong C., Cadoret J. - P. & Veron B. 2011. Integrative taxonomy of the Pavlovophyceae (Haptophyta): A reassessment. Protist 162: 738 - 761. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. protis. 2011.05.001" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Bendif
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FE8DFD186B77FD72" box="[277,337,713,739]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
introduced a more detailed description of the single C in their revised description by stating that it had a “posterior bulging pyrenoid and conspicuous eyespot on the inner surface near the flagellar pit”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2D1088847EFFF4FF24F9406EA6F878" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710282" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710282/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" startId="17.[188,231,1681,1707]" targetBox="[188,1399,864,1642]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED4000847EFFF4FF24F9406EA6F878" blockId="17.[188,1398,1681,2025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FF24F9406B3DF93A" bold="true" box="[188,283,1681,1707]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847EFFF4FEBBF9406B88F93D" box="[291,430,1681,1708]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="17" pageNumber="38" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FEBBF9406BA2F93A" box="[291,388,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
AC248, flagellar apparatus details of motile cells.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FB88F9406E03F93A" bold="true" box="[1040,1061,1681,1707]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">A</emphasis>
|
||
. SEM image of apical view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus emerging almost in the centre of a narrow, shallow pit: tomentose S-shaped AF, end-tapered PF and bipartite H inserted between both. Bulging PY on the opposite side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FEFCF92A6BBFF884" bold="true" box="[356,409,1787,1813]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">B–E</emphasis>
|
||
. Negative staining images.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FD46F92A68D4F884" bold="true" box="[734,754,1787,1813]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Details of the base of the F apparatus showing the AF, PF with a tapered end, and H consisting of a proximal part of constant diameter and a distal part of subequal length and smaller diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FDCDF890684CF8CA" bold="true" box="[597,618,1857,1883]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal rounded part of the AF (with a blistering of the membrane) showing covering of long non-tubular hairs and regular arrangement of KS.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FBD2F8B46E79F8EE" bold="true" box="[1098,1119,1893,1919]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Central part of the AF showing flat KS with a slight median constriction (black arrows) arranged in several more or less regular layers.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847EFFF4FE8AF87A6B00F854" bold="true" box="[274,294,1963,1989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="38">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal part of the AF with multilayered KS, extending after a bare area in the immediate vicinity of the cell. Scale bars: A–B = 1 µm; C = 0.5 µm; D = 50 nm; E = 200 nm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF2D1088847DFFF7FF25F9D56EB9F878" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710284" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710284/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="39" startId="18.[189,233,1540,1566]" targetBox="[315,1272,265,1501]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED4000847DFFF7FF25F9D56EB9F878" blockId="18.[189,1400,1540,2025]" pageId="18" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847DFFF7FF25F9D56B3BF98E" bold="true" box="[189,285,1540,1567]" pageId="18" pageNumber="39">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Three
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847DFFF7FEEFF9D46BFFF98E" box="[375,473,1541,1567]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="18" pageNumber="39" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847DFFF7FEEFF9D46BFFF98E" box="[375,473,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="39">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strains, details of the PY.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847DFFF7FC86F9D56971F98F" bold="true" box="[798,855,1540,1566]" pageId="18" pageNumber="39">A–E</emphasis>
|
||
. TEM images.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847DFFF7FB8EF9D56E0DF98F" bold="true" box="[1046,1067,1540,1566]" pageId="18" pageNumber="39">A</emphasis>
|
||
. AC250, whole cell with a longitudinally sectioned C showing the E composed of osmiophilic clustered globules on its inner side and on the opposite side, the transversely sectioned campylotropous PY forming a slight hump on the cell surface and showing the narrow median space. (Fix 1).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847DFFF7FCE7F9BF69B5F919" bold="true" box="[895,915,1646,1672]" pageId="18" pageNumber="39">B</emphasis>
|
||
. AC248, protruding campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned, completely surrounded by the C-membrane, bordered by periplastic ER on the cell surface and showing a narrow medial stromal space. (Fix 1).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847DFFF7FC65F9656E34F95F" bold="true" box="[1021,1042,1716,1742]" pageId="18" pageNumber="39">C</emphasis>
|
||
. AC250, campylotropous PY, longitudinally sectioned emerging from the C towards the interior of the cell. (Fix 1).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847DFFF7FB34F9096EE7F963" bold="true" box="[1196,1217,1752,1778]" pageId="18" pageNumber="39">D</emphasis>
|
||
. AC33, section of a palmelloid benthic cell surrounded by M with a cross sectioned campylotropous PY, in the middle of single cup-shaped parietal C, forming an ovoid bulge at the cell surface. (Original image, courtesy of C. Billard).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847DFFF7FED3F8936B78F8CD" bold="true" box="[331,350,1858,1884]" pageId="18" pageNumber="39">E</emphasis>
|
||
. AC248, detail of a cross section of the campylotropous pyrenoid attached to the plasma membrane (white arrows) showing the surrounding chloroplastic envelope lined on the inside by the periplastic ER (black arrows). (Fix 1).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847DFFF7FDE4F85968A8F833" bold="true" box="[636,654,1928,1954]" pageId="18" pageNumber="39">F</emphasis>
|
||
. SEM image of AC248, postero-lateral view of a swimming cell with a complete F apparatus. PY bulging opposite the flagella with a tongue-like part projecting outwards from the cell. Scale bars: A = 1 µm; B = 20 nm; C = 0.5 µm; E = 200 nm; F = 2 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED4000847CFFF6FF25FED96974FEB2" blockId="19.[189,850,264,291]" box="[189,850,264,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847CFFF6FF25FED96974FEB2" bold="true" box="[189,850,264,291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Taxonomic outcome: a revised description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847CFFF6FD6AFED96974FEB2" box="[754,850,264,291]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="19" pageNumber="40" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847CFFF6FD6AFED96974FEB2" bold="true" box="[754,850,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="40">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED4000847CFFF6FF25FEE669CDFEE5" blockId="19.[189,1398,311,373]" pageId="19" pageNumber="40">
|
||
The particular and very characteristic shape of the pyrenoid in all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C523B83847CFFF6FBCFFEE66E9EFEC0" box="[1111,1208,311,337]" class="Pavlovophyceae" family="Pavlovaceae" genus="Pavlova" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pavlovales" pageId="19" pageNumber="40" phylum="Haptophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9269C12847CFFF6FBCFFEE66E9EFEC0" box="[1111,1208,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="40">Pavlova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
makes it a very distinctive feature that leads us to a revision of the genus description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |