275 lines
39 KiB
XML
275 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="DD0068C734E3DF6953B699C54993078F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.282325" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8aded192-5c1f-42cf-943f-0f173abc3d85" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="282325" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460526401982" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Norrbom, Allen L. & Korytkowski, Cheslavo A." docDate="2012" docId="03F887F99E4FD544FF095D44A036FD05" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03478p552.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3478" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Anastrepha hadracantha Norrbom & Korytkowski, 2012, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="526" masterDocId="FFC1FF819E41D554FF9E5A61A515FF81" masterDocTitle="New species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae), with a key for the species of the megacantha clade" masterLastPageNumber="552" masterPageNumber="510" pageNumber="524" updateTime="1698315177979" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="88EFDD4D7BED895D5016E4DF76B95830">New species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae), with a key for the species of the megacantha clade</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4C0D0685E1E3DC554A9544026D48F121">Norrbom, Allen L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FC801C71F9D46054A16788177D0AC878">Korytkowski, Cheslavo A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C95CD3B78968385AF9D1BF0F28D8B9F7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="EA243328405A0C7ACAE495671F8BE3E1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0EBAF5A2A758878B85BDFB8BEBACE94E">
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<mods:date id="B033866DD26BB61BED68586117FCCB07">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="04F501898B2ADC7B78CD7A68DEA4C03B">3478</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="22BC71B926316672CD38E6306D63047D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.282325</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0C9684CE9AD8AEF5AF5EF4BD7D54D707" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F887F99E4FD544FF095D44A036FD05" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6173996" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119526310" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6173996" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887F99E4FD544FF095D44A036FD05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887F99E4FD544FF095D44A036FD05" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="526" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">
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<subSubSection id="C34B65649E4FD55AFF095D44A759F8DE" pageId="14" pageNumber="524" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4FD55AFF095D44A776F8BE" blockId="14.[151,611,1829,1887]" box="[151,611,1829,1855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">
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<heading id="D0A681839E4FD55AFF095D44A776F8BE" bold="true" box="[151,611,1829,1855]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="524" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4FD55AFF095D44A776F8BE" bold="true" box="[151,611,1829,1855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D6C9E4FD55AFF095D44A4D1F8BE" box="[151,452,1829,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hadracantha" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4FD55AFF095D44A4D1F8BE" bold="true" box="[151,452,1829,1855]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">Anastrepha hadracantha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21657869E4FD55AFE4A5D44A776F8BE" box="[468,611,1829,1855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="524" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4FD55AFF095D26A759F8DE" blockId="14.[151,611,1829,1887]" box="[151,588,1863,1887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">
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<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4FD55AFF095D26A5F0F8DE" box="[151,229,1863,1887]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 8" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1973,1996]" captionTargetBox="[304,1244,188,1972]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[304,1284,175,1978]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 8. Habitus: 7, A. hadracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054810); 8, A. haplacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054590)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282329/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4FD55AFF6F5D26A42CF8DE" box="[241,313,1863,1887]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 49" captionStartId="31.[151,260,1813,1836]" captionTargetBox="[214,1375,189,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[214,1382,181,1826]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 49. Wings: 38, A. protuberans (male Venezuela: Caura Val., USNMENT 00104592); 39, A. stangei (female holotype, Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT 00214859); 40 – 41, A. hadracantha (male, Ecuador: Tiputini, USNMENT 00054364; female, Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054810); 42, A. haplacantha (female, Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054590); 43, sp. nr. A. haplacantha (male, Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054780); 44 – 45, A. hyperacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, male USNMENT 00054555; female USNMENT 00053632; female USNMENT 00054755); 47, A. inaequalis (female holotype, Trinidad: Arima Valley, USNMENT 00104564); 48 – 49, A. macracantha (female, Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054794; female, Brazil: Manaus, USNMENT 00104565)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282336/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">40, 41</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4FD55AFEDB5D26A498F8DE" box="[325,397,1863,1887]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 63" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1874,1897]" captionTargetBox="[152,1429,193,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 63. Eversible membranes: 56, A. peneramosa (Perú: Shiringayoc, USNMENT 00671977); 57 – 58, A. protuberans (Guyana: Bartica, USNMENT 00216630); 59, A. stangei (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT 00214859); 60 – 61, A. hadracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054812); 62 – 63, A. haplacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054590)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282338/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">60, 61</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4FD55AFE075D26A4A2F8DE" box="[409,439,1863,1887]" captionStart="FIGURES 71 – 84" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1792,1815]" captionTargetBox="[215,1379,189,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[215,1383,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 71 – 84. Aculei: 71, A. anopla (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054743); 72, A. grandicarina (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054685); 73 – 74, A. intermedia (Panama: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT 00671667); 75, A. lopezi (Guatemala: Palín, USNMENT 00104579); 76, A. neogigantea (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054815); 77, A. peneramosa (Perú: Shiringayoc, USNMENT 00671977); 78, A. protuberans (Guyana: Bartica, USNMENT 00216630); 79, A. stangei (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT 00214859); 80, A. hadracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054812); 81, A. haplacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054795); 82, A. hyperacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00053632); 83, A. inaequalis (female holotype, Trinidad: Arima Valley, USNMENT 00104564); 84, A. macracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054678)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282340/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">80</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4FD55AFE5D5D26A4F7F8DE" box="[451,482,1863,1887]" captionStart="FIGURES 94 – 99" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1916,1939]" captionTargetBox="[363,1212,181,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[363,1224,181,1953]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 94 – 99. Aculeus tips: 94, A. hadracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054812); 95, A. haplacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054795); 95, A. hyperacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00053632); 96 – 97, A. inaequalis (female holotype, Trinidad: Arima Valley, USNMENT 00104564); 98, A. macracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054678)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282342/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">94</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4FD55AFE735D26A759F8DE" box="[493,588,1863,1887]" captionStart="FIGURES 108 – 111" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1859,1882]" captionTargetBox="[153,1431,201,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 108 – 111. Male terminalia (epandrium, surstyli and proctiger, lateral; epandrium and surstyli, posterior): 108 – 109, A. protuberans (Venezuela: Caura Val., USNMENT 00104591; 110 – 111, A. hadracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054611)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282344/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">110, 111</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B65649E4FD55BFF095DEEA10CFF76" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="525" pageId="14" pageNumber="524" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4FD55AFF095DEEA129F871" blockId="14.[151,1436,1935,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4FD55AFF095DEEA404F829" bold="true" box="[151,273,1935,1960]" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D6C9E4FD55AFE855DF1A720F829" box="[283,565,1936,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hadracantha">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4FD55AFE855DF1A720F829" box="[283,565,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">Anastrepha hadracantha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from most other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D6C9E4FD55AFC4A5DF1A141F829" box="[980,1108,1936,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4FD55AFC4A5DF1A141F829" box="[980,1108,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">Anastrepha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by its pattern of dorsobasal denticles on the eversible membrane, with one medial denticle much larger than the others. In this regard it is similar to other species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D6C9E4FD55AFE765DB9A764F871" box="[488,625,2008,2032]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4FD55AFE765DB9A764F871" box="[488,625,2008,2032]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="524">megacantha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade, but differs as indicated in the key.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4ED55BFF595AF9A10CFF76" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">
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In the key of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B1E9E4ED55BFEC05AF6A71BFF2E" author="Steyskal" box="[350,526,151,175]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1977) Pictorial key to species of the genus Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae). Entomological Society of Washington, Washington, D. C. 35 pp." type="book" year="1977">Steyskal (1977)</bibRefCitation>
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it runs with difficulty to either
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D6C9E4ED55BFCEF5AF9A12EFF2E" authority="Stone" authorityName="Stone" box="[881,1083,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanceola">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4ED55BFCEF5AF9A6E7FF31" box="[881,1010,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">A. lanceola</emphasis>
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Stone
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</taxonomicName>
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, which has a longer aculeus, or
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D6C9E4ED55BFF095ADDA4B0FF55" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" box="[151,421,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthochaeta">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4ED55BFF095ADDA458FF55" box="[151,333,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">A. xanthochaeta</emphasis>
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Hendel
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D6C9E4ED55BFE545ADDA798FF55" authority="Greene" authorityName="Greene" box="[458,653,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4ED55BFE545ADDA727FF55" box="[458,562,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">A. similis</emphasis>
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Greene
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</taxonomicName>
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, which have shorter aculei. The aculeus tip is not expanded basally as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D6C9E4ED55BFF2A5A81A426FF79" box="[180,307,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanceola">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4ED55BFF2A5A81A426FF79" box="[180,307,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">A. lanceola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and the setae are orange, not dark brown to black as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D6C9E4ED55BFC345A81A107FF79" box="[938,1042,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4ED55BFC345A81A107FF79" box="[938,1042,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">A. similis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B65649E4ED55BFF595B62A713F810" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4ED55BFF595B62A7EBFE2D" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4ED55BFF595B62A44CFE9D" bold="true" box="[199,345,259,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Description.</emphasis>
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Mostly yellow to orange. Setae orange to orange brown, sometimes red brown on head. Head: Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 2–4 (usually 3) frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, at most 1.5 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight to slightly concave on dorsal two-thirds. Antenna not extended to ventral facial margin; arista filiform in both sexes. Palpus in lateral view dorsally curved, evenly setulose.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4ED55BFF595BD6A668FD29" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">
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Thorax: Mostly yellow to orange, with following areas white (poorly differentiated in
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<typeStatus id="54EA884D9E4ED55BFB475BD9A01CFE51" box="[1241,1289,440,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">type</typeStatus>
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specimens): postpronotal lobe and lateral margin of scutum bordering it; sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; entire scutellum; dorsal margins of anepisternum and katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Medial scutal vitta not apparent. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum
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<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFD215826A672FDDE" box="[703,871,583,607]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.985" metricValueMax="4.11" metricValueMin="3.86" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="3.985" valueMax="4.11" valueMin="3.86">3.86–4.11 mm</quantity>
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long. Postpronotal lobe, scutum and scutellum entirely microtrichose; scutal setulae orange. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Katepisternal seta weak, at most half as long as anepisternal seta, but much weaker, yellow to pale orange.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4ED55BFF5958D4A724FD4C" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2010]" box="[199,561,692,717]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Legs: Entirely yellow to orange.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4ED55BFF5958B6A61DFAF4" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">
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Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4ED55BFE8458B6A4A5FD6E" box="[282,432,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 49" captionStartId="31.[151,260,1813,1836]" captionTargetBox="[214,1375,189,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[214,1382,181,1826]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 49. Wings: 38, A. protuberans (male Venezuela: Caura Val., USNMENT 00104592); 39, A. stangei (female holotype, Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT 00214859); 40 – 41, A. hadracantha (male, Ecuador: Tiputini, USNMENT 00054364; female, Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054810); 42, A. haplacantha (female, Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054590); 43, sp. nr. A. haplacantha (male, Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054780); 44 – 45, A. hyperacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, male USNMENT 00054555; female USNMENT 00053632; female USNMENT 00054755); 47, A. inaequalis (female holotype, Trinidad: Arima Valley, USNMENT 00104564); 48 – 49, A. macracantha (female, Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054794; female, Brazil: Manaus, USNMENT 00104565)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282336/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Figs. 40, 41</figureCitation>
|
||
): Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFDB958B6A7C6FD6E" box="[551,723,727,751]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.535" metricValueMax="9.77" metricValueMin="9.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="9.535" valueMax="9.77" valueMin="9.3">9.30–9.77 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFCAC58B6A6CBFD6E" box="[818,990,727,751]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.83" metricValueMax="3.91" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="3.83" valueMax="3.91" valueMin="3.75">3.75–3.91 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ratio 2.45–2.61. Apex of vein R1 at 0.62–0.65 wing length, aligned with or distal to level of anterior end of crossvein r–m. Cell c 0.83–0.98 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 5.65–7.06 times as long as wide. Vein R2+3 moderately to strongly sinuous. Crossvein r–m at 0.67–0.70 distance from bm–cu to dm–cu on vein M. Vein M very strongly curved apically; cell r4+5 0.64–0.75 times as wide at apex as at level of dm–cu. Cell bcu with distal lobe moderately long, length of bcu 1.56–1.59 times as long as anterior margin, lobe 0.69–0.81 times as long as vein A1+Cu2. Wing pattern mostly orange and moderate brown. C-band mostly orange, sometimes slightly paler in cells bc and c, darker orange brown in pterostigma and with brownish streak and apical brown spot in cell br. C-band and S-band broadly separated along veins R2+3 and R4+5 by hyaline band that extends from cell bm to costa, slightly to strongly narrowed anteriorly in cell r1. Basal hyaline area in cell dm relatively small. Basal half of S-band mostly orange, posterodistal margin brown, very broadly in cell cu1, without or with weak incision in cell cu1, proximal margin narrowly brown in radial cells; distal section orange brown and moderate brown, medium width, at apex of vein R2+3 0.50–0.55 times width of cell r2+3, extended to apex of vein M; hyaline area proximal to apex of band extending to vein R2+3. V-band complete, mostly brown except proximal arm broadly orange bordering dm-cu and in most of section in cell r4+5 and sometimes proximal side of distal arm in cell r4+5; proximal arm separated from S-band, on posterior margin extended at least three-fourths distance to vein A1+Cu2; distal arm connected to proximal arm; apex of V-band extended anteriorly at least slightly and usually distinctly into cell r2+3; cell r4+5 with moderately large, distinct hyaline area between V-band and vein M.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4ED55BFF595FE0A6D6FA1B" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2010]" box="[199,963,1409,1434]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings. Setulae orange.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4ED55BFF595FC4A15FF9CC" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">
|
||
Male terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4ED55BFE0E5FC4A73AFA3C" box="[400,559,1445,1469]" captionStart="FIGURES 108 – 111" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1859,1882]" captionTargetBox="[153,1431,201,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 108 – 111. Male terminalia (epandrium, surstyli and proctiger, lateral; epandrium and surstyli, posterior): 108 – 109, A. protuberans (Venezuela: Caura Val., USNMENT 00104591; 110 – 111, A. hadracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054611)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282344/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Fig. 110, 111</figureCitation>
|
||
): Lateral surstylus relatively short, extended beyond prensisetae by 1.2–1.5 times length of prensiseta; in lateral view slightly posteriorly curved, rapidly tapering to acute apex; in posterior view more or less triangular, lateral margin slightly concave to slightly convex, medial margin straight to slightly convex. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas connected but lateral areas separate dorsally. Phallus
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFF095C54A40BF9CC" box="[151,286,1589,1613]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="6.55" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="6.3">6.3–6.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 1.61–1.66 times as long as mesonotum; glans
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFCF65C54A11EF9CC" box="[872,1035,1589,1613]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.45" metricValueMax="6.7" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="0.645" valueMax="0.67" valueMin="0.62">0.62–0.67 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4ED55BFF595C38A713F810" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">
|
||
Female terminalia: Oviscape
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFD895C38A7A8F9F0" box="[535,701,1625,1649]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.365" metricValueMax="4.52" metricValueMin="4.21" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="4.365" valueMax="4.52" valueMin="4.21">4.21–4.52 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 1.09–1.14 times as long as mesonotum, straight in lateral view, entirely orange; spiracle at basal 0.26–0.29. Eversible membrane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4ED55BFC5F5C1CA128F914" box="[961,1085,1661,1685]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 63" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1874,1897]" captionTargetBox="[152,1429,193,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 63. Eversible membranes: 56, A. peneramosa (Perú: Shiringayoc, USNMENT 00671977); 57 – 58, A. protuberans (Guyana: Bartica, USNMENT 00216630); 59, A. stangei (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT 00214859); 60 – 61, A. hadracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054812); 62 – 63, A. haplacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054590)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282338/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Fig. 60, 61</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1 very large stout medial hooklike denticle and 2 V-shaped rows, each of 8–10 smaller hooklike dorsobasal denticles less than one-third as long as medial denticle, bases of medial denticle and distal row fused. Aculeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4ED55BFB8E5CA4A174F95C" box="[1040,1121,1733,1757]" captionStart="FIGURES 71 – 84" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1792,1815]" captionTargetBox="[215,1379,189,1791]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[215,1383,187,1829]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 71 – 84. Aculei: 71, A. anopla (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054743); 72, A. grandicarina (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054685); 73 – 74, A. intermedia (Panama: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT 00671667); 75, A. lopezi (Guatemala: Palín, USNMENT 00104579); 76, A. neogigantea (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054815); 77, A. peneramosa (Perú: Shiringayoc, USNMENT 00671977); 78, A. protuberans (Guyana: Bartica, USNMENT 00216630); 79, A. stangei (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT 00214859); 80, A. hadracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054812); 81, A. haplacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054795); 82, A. hyperacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00053632); 83, A. inaequalis (female holotype, Trinidad: Arima Valley, USNMENT 00104564); 84, A. macracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054678)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282340/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Fig. 80</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly ventrally curved in lateral view,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFEB45C88A485F880" box="[298,400,1769,1793]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 0.84 times as long as oviscape, in ventral view base moderately expanded,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFAA85C88A089F880" box="[1334,1436,1769,1793]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; shaft nearly parallel-sided,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFD805D6CA781F8A4" box="[542,660,1805,1829]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="0.075">0.075 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at midlength; tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A6A9E4ED55BFC285D6CA11EF8A4" box="[950,1035,1805,1829]" captionStart="FIGURES 94 – 99" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1916,1939]" captionTargetBox="[363,1212,181,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[363,1224,181,1953]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 94 – 99. Aculeus tips: 94, A. hadracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054812); 95, A. haplacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054795); 95, A. hyperacantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00053632); 96 – 97, A. inaequalis (female holotype, Trinidad: Arima Valley, USNMENT 00104564); 98, A. macracantha (Ecuador: Onkone Gare, USNMENT 00054678)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282342/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Fig. 94</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFB815D6CA1C1F8A4" box="[1055,1236,1805,1829]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="0.1375" valueMax="0.145" valueMin="0.13">0.13–0.145 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 0.04 times aculeus length,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFED55D50A4D5F8C8" box="[331,448,1841,1865]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="0.085">0.085 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, 1.53–1.71 times as long as wide, slightly tapered then bluntly triangular, distal 0.17–0.23 minutely serrate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E4ED55BFE475D34A78FF8EC" box="[473,666,1877,1901]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="0.05" valueMax="0.055" valueMin="0.045">0.045–0.055 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide in lateral view, 0.53–0.65 times ventral width. Spermathecae elongate ovoid to subcylindrical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B65649E4ED55BFF595DFCA189F834" box="[199,1180,1949,1974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4ED55BFF595DFCA189F834" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2010]" box="[199,1180,1949,1974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4ED55BFF595DFCA475F837" bold="true" box="[199,352,1949,1974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D6C9E4ED55BFEF95DFCA768F834" box="[359,637,1949,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hadracantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4ED55BFEF95DFCA768F834" box="[359,637,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Anastrepha hadracantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F346767F9E4ED55BFC235DFCA10FF834" box="[957,1050,1949,1973]" name="Ecuador" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Orellana).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B65649E4ED55BFF595DA0A19FF858" box="[199,1162,1985,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E4ED55BFF595DA0A19FF858" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2010]" box="[199,1162,1985,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E4ED55BFF595DA0A432F85B" bold="true" box="[199,295,1985,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="525">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species are unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B65649E51D544FF595AF9A78AFDBD" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E51D544FF595AF9A78AFDBD" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,644]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E51D544FF595AF9A450FF31" bold="true" box="[199,325,152,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EA884D9E51D544FF595AF9A415FF31" box="[199,256,152,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
data.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EA884D9E51D544FECE5AF6A4ADFF2E" box="[336,440,151,175]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
Ƥ (deposited in trust at
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FD495AF6A63DFF2E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[727,808,151,175]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
for eventual deposit in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FBA05AF9A192FF2E" box="[1086,1159,152,175]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">EPNE</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FB0A5AF6A00BFF2E" box="[1172,1310,151,175]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNMENT</collectionCode>
|
||
00054819),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F346767F9E51D544FF095ADDA436FF55" box="[151,291,188,212]" name="Ecuador" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Orellana: Reserva Etnica Waorani, Onkone Gare Camp,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E51D544FC2D5ADDA6FBFF55" box="[947,1006,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
S, Transect Ent.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6550289E51D544FB255ADDA039FF55" box="[1211,1324,188,212]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" precision="15" value="-0.65277773">0°39'10"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6550289E51D544FAAB5ADDA08DFF55" box="[1333,1432,188,212]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" precision="925" value="-76.433334">76°26'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, transect 6, station
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E51D544FEFF5ABEA4D0FF76" box="[353,453,223,247]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.22" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" unit="m" value="4220.0">4, 220 m</quantity>
|
||
, insecticidal fogging, terra firme forest,
|
||
<date id="FFEF102F9E51D544FC185ABEA106FF76" box="[902,1043,223,247]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" value="1995-02-12">12 Feb 1995</date>
|
||
, T. L. Erwin et al. Project
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FAA95ABEA089FF76" box="[1335,1436,223,247]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">MAXUS</collectionCode>
|
||
Lot 1033.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EA884D9E51D544FE925B64A468FE9C" box="[268,381,261,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F346767F9E51D544FE175B65A700FE9D" box="[393,533,260,284]" name="Ecuador" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Orellana: Reserva Etnica Waorani, Onkone Gare Camp,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E51D544FB3E5B65A1CCFE9D" box="[1184,1241,260,284]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
S, Transect Ent.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6550289E51D544FF095B46A41DFEBE" box="[151,264,295,319]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" precision="15" value="-0.65277773">0°39'10"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6550289E51D544FE915B46A467FEBE" box="[271,370,295,319]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" precision="925" value="-76.433334">76°26'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, transect 3, station
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E51D544FDD45B49A7BAFEBE" box="[586,687,295,319]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.22" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" unit="m" value="7220.0">7, 220 m</quantity>
|
||
, insecticidal fogging, terra firme forest,
|
||
<date id="FFEF102F9E51D544FBED5B46A1E1FEBE" box="[1139,1268,295,319]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" value="1996-02-05">5 Feb 1996</date>
|
||
, T. L. Erwin et al. Project
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FE8B5B2DA46FFEE5" box="[277,378,332,356]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">MAXUS</collectionCode>
|
||
Lot 1427, 1Ƥ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FDAD5B2DA793FEE5" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[563,646,332,356]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FD115B2DA60CFEE5" box="[655,793,332,356]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNMENT</collectionCode>
|
||
00054812); same, transect 6, station 7,
|
||
<date id="FFEF102F9E51D544FB7E5B2CA073FEE5" box="[1248,1382,332,356]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" value="1996-02-07">7 Feb 1996</date>
|
||
, Lot 1457, 1Ƥ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FE825B0EA47AFE06" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[284,367,367,391]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FEE25B0EA713FE06" box="[380,518,367,391]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNMENT</collectionCode>
|
||
00054810); same, transect 9, station 8,
|
||
<date id="FFEF102F9E51D544FC7A5B0EA16BFE06" box="[996,1150,367,391]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" value="1996-06-23">23 Jun 1996</date>
|
||
, Lot 1608, 1Ƥ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FAD75B0EA089FE06" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1353,1436,367,391]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FF095BF5A437FE2D" box="[151,290,404,428]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNMENT</collectionCode>
|
||
00054827); same, transect 10, station 2,
|
||
<date id="FFEF102F9E51D544FD685BF5A66EFE2D" box="[758,891,404,428]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" value="1996-10-04">4 Oct 1996</date>
|
||
, Lot 1752, 13 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FBA65BF5A19EFE2D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1080,1163,404,428]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FB0A5BF5A00AFE2D" box="[1172,1311,404,428]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNMENT</collectionCode>
|
||
00054611); same, transect 9, 82 m mark,
|
||
<date id="FFEF102F9E51D544FE735BD6A768FE4E" box="[493,637,439,463]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" value="1994-06-21">21 Jun 1994</date>
|
||
, 13 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FD235BD6A68FFE4E" box="[701,922,439,463]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">EPNE USNMENT</collectionCode>
|
||
00053527); Reserva Etnica Waorani, Tiputini Biodiversity Station,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6550289E51D544FE1B5BBDA4E3FE75" box="[389,502,476,500]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" precision="15" value="-0.6319445">0°37'55"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6550289E51D544FE635BBDA76CFE75" box="[509,633,476,500]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" precision="15" value="-76.144165">76°8'39"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, transect #
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B0A9E51D544FD6C5BBCA640FE75" box="[754,853,476,500]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.22" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" unit="m" value="7220.0">7, 220 m</quantity>
|
||
, insecticidal fogging, terra firme forest,
|
||
<date id="FFEF102F9E51D544FA895BBDA08DFE75" box="[1303,1432,476,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" value="1999-02-06">6 Feb 1999</date>
|
||
, T. L. Erwin et al. Project
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FE225B9EA734FD96" box="[444,545,511,535]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">MAXUS</collectionCode>
|
||
Lot 2067, 13 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FD4D5B9EA633FD96" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[723,806,511,535]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FCB05B9EA6ADFD96" box="[814,952,511,535]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNMENT</collectionCode>
|
||
00054364); same, transect #9,
|
||
<date id="FFEF102F9E51D544FA8A5B9EA08DFD96" box="[1300,1432,511,535]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" value="1999-02-05">5 Feb 1999</date>
|
||
, Lot 2082, 1m (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FEA35845A485FDBD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[317,400,548,572]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED40AE2A9E51D544FE095845A736FDBD" box="[407,547,548,572]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">USNMENT</collectionCode>
|
||
00054371).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B65649E51D544FF595829A036FD05" pageId="16" pageNumber="526" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36EF9E51D544FF595829A036FD05" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,644]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EAFD9E51D544FF595829A45BFDE1" bold="true" box="[199,334,584,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="526">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This name is a noun in apposition, from the Greek “hadros”, meaning stout or strong, and “akantha”, meaning thorn, in reference to the much larger hooklike denticle on the eversible membrane.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |