446 lines
55 KiB
XML
446 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="54148001BFC1A79F510A6D2387C364C3" ID-CLB-Dataset="42365" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242729" ID-ZooBank="D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460936415633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano & Boero, Ferdinando" docDate="2015" docId="03F887DEFF88FFC69CD60FD1D5B4FBAA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03908p187.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3908 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Plumularia setacea Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="128" masterDocId="FFC1FFA6FFF6FFB99C410F49D739FFD6" masterDocTitle="The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide" masterLastPageNumber="187" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="127" updateTime="1698583517399" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CA11F485F9A13AD80D0C7EE3EE49D57D">
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<mods:title id="7A5A9BD678E4A4FDDD6DEEFFB17C7690">The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6903FA6D7407A56E2FA7AB81E586E180" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="09139501ACD1093A55B93736E16DB945">Gravili, Cinzia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4EFE1417B0466095DEE9B385ED8DE136">Vito, Doris De</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DA8B6536CB93B3BB2A782C32D857220B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BCB4C165835C79B678F4B45A594E430B">Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D3A439E529D495D3B6AE9D96DF394C7C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BBBA023622B614EBBF1096634FB1141C">Martell, Luis</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="69D42699D41DDEED0F7214D42A59E796" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0EB2A6B69CC309D7E07E2C8B9222F93C">Piraino, Stefano</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8E8130D24BF02E27C65152FEDC4D6692">Boero, Ferdinando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C47B341DB5E67D41E63A2B283CFB5066">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="69FBECB4CE1F13A6BEE3FC186E8BD86F">
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<mods:date id="228CC0F03FFB953BDFA857BAEC4F317A">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="53759E24DFCE3C2FE90C4A1FF32729CD" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E18C4EAD8FC300FB425380BEE3EDACF7">3908</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="30957AEB7156D0E8AF33A3546E8962FB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D8B6553205E1A7DBD0CCD7DE674EAEEB" type="GBIF-Dataset">6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F887DEFF88FFC69CD60FD1D5B4FBAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6107155" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119591208" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6107155" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887DEFF88FFC69CD60FD1D5B4FBAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887DEFF88FFC69CD60FD1D5B4FBAA" lastPageId="127" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF88FFC79CD60FD1D487FECE" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF88FFC79CD60FD1D56EFF64" blockId="126.[151,599,152,211]" box="[151,599,152,178]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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<heading id="D0A681A4FF88FFC79CD60FD1D56EFF64" bold="true" box="[151,599,152,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF88FFC79CD60FD1D56EFF64" ID-CoL="4KJLT" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,599,152,178]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="setacea">
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||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79CD60FD1D56EFF64" bold="true" box="[151,599,152,178]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79CD60FD1D6B9FF64" bold="true" box="[151,384,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Plumularia setacea</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus, 1758)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF88FFC79CD60FF3D624FF05" blockId="126.[151,599,152,211]" box="[151,285,186,211]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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<figureCitation id="136A2A4DFF88FFC79CD60FF3D7DFFF05" box="[151,230,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 90" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1273,1295]" captionTargetBox="[401,1186,355,1199]" captionTargetId="figure@126.[340,1248,333,1252]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 90. Plumularia setacea: A, general view of a colony; B, parts of stem showing origins of hydrocladia and gonothecae; C, detail of hydrocladium; D, gonotheca (A, B drawn by L. Basso; C, D drawn by C. G. Di Camillo). Scale bars: B, D, 500 µm; C, 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242819/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
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A–D
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF88FFC79CD60E4BD487FECE" blockId="126.[151,958,258,280]" box="[151,958,258,280]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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See
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF88FFC79C830E4BD6FCFECE" author="Medel" box="[194,453,258,280]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" refString="Medel, M. D. & Vervoort, W. (1995) Plumularian hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearly areas. Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 300, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1995">Medel & Vervoort (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF88FFC79DB70E4BD589FECE" author="Schuchert" box="[502,688,258,280]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" refString="Schuchert, P. (2001 a) Hydroids of Greenland and Iceland (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Meddelelser om Gronland, Bioscience, 53, 1 - 184." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="a">Schuchert (2001a)</bibRefCitation>
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for a complete synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF2E6640FF88FFC79CD60BB0D6BCFA9A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242819/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" targetBox="[401,1186,355,1199]" targetPageId="126">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF88FFC79CD60BB0D6BCFA9A" blockId="126.[151,1436,1273,1356]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79CD60BB0D61FFAD8" bold="true" box="[151,294,1273,1295]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">FIGURE 90.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF88FFC79D730BB0D6C7FAD9" box="[306,510,1273,1295]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="setacea">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79D730BB0D6C7FAD9" box="[306,510,1273,1295]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Plumularia setacea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79E500BB0D51AFAD8" bold="true" box="[529,547,1273,1294]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">A</emphasis>
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, general view of a colony;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79F1C0BB0D457FAD8" bold="true" box="[861,878,1273,1294]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">B</emphasis>
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, parts of stem showing origins of hydrocladia and gonothecae;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79D560A51D610FAF8" bold="true" box="[279,297,1304,1326]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">C</emphasis>
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, detail of hydrocladium;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79E680A51D502FAFB" bold="true" box="[553,571,1304,1325]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">D</emphasis>
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, gonotheca (A, B drawn by L. Basso; C, D drawn by C.G. Di Camillo). Scale bars: B, D, 500 µm; C, 250 µm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF88FFC79CD60A30D2ACFA44" box="[151,1429,1401,1426]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF88FFC79CD60A30D2ACFA44" blockId="126.[151,1436,1401,2038]" box="[151,1429,1401,1426]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79CD60A30D6B9FA44" bold="true" box="[151,384,1401,1426]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Material examined.</emphasis>
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HCUS-S 0 97 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF88FFC69C860AD4D3FBFDC1" lastPageId="127" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF88FFC79C860AD4D7D9FA0C" blockId="126.[151,1436,1401,2038]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79C860AD4D668FA60" bold="true" box="[199,337,1437,1462]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Description</emphasis>
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(based on our own observations; Ramil & Vervoort 1992;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF88FFC798470AD4D380FA60" author="Cornelius" box="[1030,1209,1437,1462]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1995) NorthWest European Thecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, pt. 1 & 2, 1 - 347 & 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="1995">Cornelius 1995</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF88FFC798890AD4D7EDFA0C" author="Medel" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" refString="Medel, M. D. & Vervoort, W. (1995) Plumularian hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearly areas. Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 300, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1995">Medel & Vervoort 1995</bibRefCitation>
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):
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF88FFC79C860AACD63CF804" blockId="126.[151,1436,1401,2038]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79C860AACD60AFA28" bold="true" box="[199,307,1509,1534]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Hydroid.</emphasis>
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Hydrorhiza tubular, variably ramified in accordance to the substrate; colonies erect, pinnate; hydrocauli monosiphonic, unbranched, but occasionally branched, up to ca
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<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF88FFC798460940D365F9F7" box="[1031,1116,1545,1570]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
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, divided into internodes by transverse nodes, each segment bearing a basal and a distal nematotheca, the last one almost in the axil of a lateral apophysis; hydrocladia alternate, borne on stem apophyses, in the same plane, heteromerously segmented by transverse nodes into hydrothecate and non-hydrothecate internodes; hydrothecate internodes with one hydrotheca and 3 nematothecae, one inferior median one and 2 latero-superior ones, non-hydrothecate segments with one frontal nematotheca, usually with one perisarcal septum above and below it, septum also may occur basally on hydrothecate internodes; first hydrocladial internode athecate and shorter; hydrothecae cup-shaped, entirely adnate, rim even, aperture slightly tilted downwards; nematothecae all two-chambered, conical, basal chamber longer, apical one wider, with adcauline embayment. Gonothecae of both sexes on the same stem or not, typically in a continuous line towards the base of stem, female ones elongated, fusiform, smooth, narrower distally with a more or less developed tubular neck, with narrow and circular apical aperture, male ones narrower and smaller than females, less attenuate above, tapering to a minute orifice. Colours: stem pale to dark horn (dark brown in some old colonies).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF88FFC79C860894D54BF820" blockId="126.[151,1436,1401,2038]" box="[199,626,2013,2038]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF88FFC79C860894D602F820" bold="true" box="[199,315,2013,2038]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Cnidome.</emphasis>
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Microbasic mastigophores.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF89FFC69C860FDED3E5FF02" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69C860FDED65FFF66" bold="true" box="[199,358,151,176]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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||
Habitat
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<typeStatus id="54EA886AFF89FFC69D6A0FDED659FF66" box="[299,352,151,176]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">type</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Eurybathic species, in the Mediterranean Sea found from the tidal level to about
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<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF89FFC6994D0FD1D26CFF79" box="[1292,1365,152,176]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
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depth (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69CDF0FF5D61EFF02" author="Broch" box="[158,295,188,213]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Broch, H. (1933) Zur kenntnis der Adriatischen fauna Von Split. Skrifter Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo. Matematisknaturvidenskapelig klasse, 4, 1 - 115." type="journal article" year="1933">Broch 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; García
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69DC50FF5D578FF02" author="Carrascosa" box="[388,577,188,212]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Garcia-Carrascosa, A. M. (1981) Hidrozoos tecados (Hydrozoa Calyptoblastea) del litoral mediterraneo espanol: faunistica, ecologia, bionomia bentonica y biogeografia. Tesis Doctoral Universidad Valencia, 464 pp." type="book" year="1981">Carrascosa 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69E0C0FF4D416FF03" author="Boero" box="[589,815,188,213]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Boero, F. & Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero & Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69F7A0FF4D48EFF03" author="Roca" box="[827,951,188,213]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Roca, I. (1986) Estudio de los Cnidarios Bentonicos de las aguas costeras de Mallorca. Tesis, Universitat de les illes Balears, Facultat de Ciencies, Palma de Mallorca, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Roca 1986</bibRefCitation>
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||
; Ramil & Vervoort 1992).
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF89FFC69C860F96D6CEFECB" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69C860F96D678FF2E" bold="true" box="[199,321,223,248]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Substrate.</emphasis>
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Recorded on other hydroids, sponges, barnacles,
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF89FFC69F2D0F96D4E7FF2E" box="[876,990,223,248]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Posidonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69F2D0F96D4E7FF2E" box="[876,990,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Posidonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, algae, mollusc shells, bryozoans, other organisms, and biogenic banks.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF89FFC69C860E6ED425FE7B" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69C860E6ED66DFE96" bold="true" box="[199,340,295,320]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Seasonality.</emphasis>
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January–March (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69E590E6ED5C7FE96" author="Llobet" box="[536,766,295,320]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Llobet Nadal, I. (1987) Faunistica y distribucion espacio-temporal de una poblacion de hydropolipos epibiontes del alga Halimeda tuna en el Mediterraneo occidental. MS Thesis. [pagination unkown]" type="book" year="1987">Llobet i Nadal 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69F4B0E6ED4ECFE96" author="Llobet" box="[778,981,295,320]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Llobet, I., Gili, J. M. & Hughes, R. G. (1991) Horizontal, vertical and seasonal distributions of epiphytic Hydrozoa on the alga Halimeda tuna in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Marine Biology Berlin, 110 (1), 151 - 159. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / bf 01313102" type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||
Llobet
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69F1A0E60D4AAFE96" box="[859,915,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Puce
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC6985E0E60D36EFE96" box="[1055,1111,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009), April (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC698B90E6ED7EAFEB2" author="Llobet" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Llobet Nadal, I. (1987) Faunistica y distribucion espacio-temporal de una poblacion de hydropolipos epibiontes del alga Halimeda tuna en el Mediterraneo occidental. MS Thesis. [pagination unkown]" type="book" year="1987">Llobet i Nadal 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69CA10E05D688FEB2" author="Llobet" box="[224,433,332,357]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Llobet, I., Gili, J. M. & Hughes, R. G. (1991) Horizontal, vertical and seasonal distributions of epiphytic Hydrozoa on the alga Halimeda tuna in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Marine Biology Berlin, 110 (1), 151 - 159. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / bf 01313102" type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||
Llobet
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69D730E04D654FEB3" box="[306,365,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), July (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69E460E05D5CDFEB2" author="Llobet" box="[519,756,332,357]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Llobet Nadal, I. (1987) Faunistica y distribucion espacio-temporal de una poblacion de hydropolipos epibiontes del alga Halimeda tuna en el Mediterraneo occidental. MS Thesis. [pagination unkown]" type="book" year="1987">Llobet i Nadal 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69F430E05D4EDFEB2" author="Llobet" box="[770,980,332,357]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Llobet, I., Gili, J. M. & Hughes, R. G. (1991) Horizontal, vertical and seasonal distributions of epiphytic Hydrozoa on the alga Halimeda tuna in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Marine Biology Berlin, 110 (1), 151 - 159. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / bf 01313102" type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||
Llobet
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69F140E04D4A9FEB3" box="[853,912,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69FA30E05D386FEB2" author="Brahim" box="[994,1215,332,357]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Brahim, M. B., Hamza, A. & Bouain, A. (2010) Variability in the structure of epiphytic assemblages of Posidonia oceanica in relation to human interferences in the Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia. Marine Environmental Research, 70 (5), 411 - 421. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. marenvres. 2010.08.005" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Brahim
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC6987E0E04D340FEB3" box="[1087,1145,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), August (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC699760E05D628FE5E" author="Boero" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Boero, F. & Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero & Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69D5D0E26D6CBFE5E" author="Brahim" box="[284,498,367,392]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Brahim, M. B., Hamza, A. & Bouain, A. (2010) Variability in the structure of epiphytic assemblages of Posidonia oceanica in relation to human interferences in the Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia. Marine Environmental Research, 70 (5), 411 - 421. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. marenvres. 2010.08.005" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Brahim
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69D360E38D696FE5E" box="[375,431,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and November (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69EF80E39D4A2FE5E" author="Boero" box="[697,923,367,392]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Boero, F. & Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero & Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in the several localities of the Mediterranean Sea; all year in Salento waters (De Vito 2006; this study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF89FFC69C860EFED3FBFDC1" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69C860EFED6FDFE06" bold="true" box="[199,452,439,464]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Reproductive period.</emphasis>
|
||
February (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69E7E0EFED5F1FE06" author="Ramil" box="[575,712,439,464]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Ramil Blanco, F. J. (1988) Hidrozoos de Galicia. Memoria que, para optar al Grado de Doctor en Biologia, presenta D. Francisco Ramil Blanco. Facultad de Biologia, Universidad de Santiago. Santiago de Compostela, 525 pp." type="book" year="1988">Ramil 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), March (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69F750EFED4E1FE06" author="Stechow" box="[820,984,439,464]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Stechow, E. (1923) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete. II. Teil. Zoologischer Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 47 (1), 29 - 270." type="journal article" year="1923">Stechow 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Puce
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC698630EF0D362FE06" box="[1058,1115,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009), May (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC698B20EFED2AEFE06" author="Stechow" box="[1267,1431,439,464]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Stechow, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauersche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abeilung fur Systematik, 42 (1), 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="1919">Stechow 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69CD60E95D625FE23" author="Rossi" box="[151,284,476,501]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Rossi, L. (1961) Idroidi viventi sulle scogliere del promontorio di Portofino (Golfo di Genova). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 72, 68 - 85." type="journal article" year="1961">Rossi 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), June (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69D3A0E95D532FE23" author="Picard" box="[379,523,476,501]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Picard, J. (1955) Nouvelles recherches sur les hydromeduses des Herbiers mediterraneens de Posidonies. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine D'Endoume, 15 (Bulleton 9), 59 - 71." type="journal article" year="1955">Picard 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Morri & Bianchi 1999), August and September (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC6981D0E95D3D3FE23" author="Picard" box="[1116,1258,476,501]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Picard, J. (1952) Les Hydrozoaires des herbiers de Zosteracees des cotes francaises de la Mediterranee. Vie Milieu, 2 (Supplement), 217 - 233." type="journal article" year="1952">Picard 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in the several localities of the Mediterranean Sea; October–May (De Vito 2006; this study) in Salento waters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF89FFC69C860D6DD5F8FCC3" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF89FFC69C860D6DD58EFDB6" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69C860D6DD659FDEB" bold="true" box="[199,352,548,573]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Cosmopolitan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69E570D6DD589FDEB" author="Millard" box="[534,688,548,573]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69EFF0D6DD4DCFDEA" author="Cornelius" box="[702,997,548,573]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. & Ryland, J. S. (1990) Class Hydrozoa. In: Hayward, P. J. & Ryland, J. S. (Eds.), The marine fauna of the British Isles and NorthWest Europe. Introduction and Protozoans to Arthropods. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 107 - 158." type="book" year="1990">Cornelius & Ryland 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69FB20D6DD23EFDEB" author="Medel" box="[1011,1287,548,573]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Medel, M. D. & Vervoort, W. (1995) Plumularian hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearly areas. Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 300, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1995">Medel & Vervoort 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC699540D6DD7EAFDB6" author="Ramil" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Ramil, F., Vervoort, W. & Ansin, J. A. (1998) Report on the Haleciidae and Plumularioidea (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected by the French SEAMOUNT 1 Expedition. Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 322, 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Ramil
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC699230D6CD2A5FDEB" box="[1378,1436,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Bouillon
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69D070D00D647FDB6" box="[326,382,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69D8D0D0ED592FDB6" author="Gravili" box="[460,683,583,608]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69E620D00D562FDB6" box="[547,603,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF89FFC69C860D25D5F8FCC3" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69C860D25D68FFD53" bold="true" box="[199,438,620,645]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Records in Salento.</emphasis>
|
||
Common at: La Strea, Porto Cesareo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69FC20D25D311FD52" author="Presicce" box="[899,1064,620,645]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Presicce, M. M. (1991) Gli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) del litorale salentino. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, Universita degli Studi di Lecce, 143 pp." type="book" year="1991">Presicce 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC698760D25D3EBFD53" author="Denitto" box="[1079,1234,620,645]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Denitto, F. (1996) Etologia alimentare e cicli vitali di alcune specie di Hydroidomedusae: Anthomedusae / Filifera e Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa). Degree Thesis, Biology, Universita degli Studi di Lecce, 176 pp." type="book" year="1996">Denitto 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC698A00D25D7EDFD7E" author="Faucci" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Faucci, A. & Boero, F. (2000) Structure of an epiphytic hydroid community on Cystoseira at two sites of different wave exposure. In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. & Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 255 - 264. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 1255" type="journal article" year="2000">Faucci & Boero 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Montagna Spaccata, Torre S. Emiliano, Ponte del Ciolo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69F1E0DC6D338FD7E" author="Presicce" box="[863,1025,655,680]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Presicce, M. M. (1991) Gli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) del litorale salentino. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, Universita degli Studi di Lecce, 143 pp." type="book" year="1991">Presicce 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Otranto (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC698390DC6D236FD7E" author="Denitto" box="[1144,1295,655,680]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Denitto, F. (1996) Etologia alimentare e cicli vitali di alcune specie di Hydroidomedusae: Anthomedusae / Filifera e Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa). Degree Thesis, Biology, Universita degli Studi di Lecce, 176 pp." type="book" year="1996">Denitto 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC6995A0DC6D7C1FD1A" author="Miglietta" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Miglietta, M. P., Della Tommasa, L., Denitto, F., Gravili, C., Pagliara, P., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2000) Approaches to the ethology of hydroids and medusae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. & Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 63 - 71. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 163" type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Miglietta
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC699C90DD8D794FD1B" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69D470DFDD6C7FD1A" author="Fraschetti" box="[262,510,692,717]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Fraschetti, S., Giangrande, A., Terlizzi, A., Miglietta, M. P., Della Tommasa, L. & Boero, F. (2002) Spatio-temporal variation of hydroids and polychaetes associated with Cystoseira amentacea (Fucales: Phaeophyceae). Marine Biology, 140 (5), 949 - 957. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00227 - 001 - 0770 - 9" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Fraschetti
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69D3F0DFCD68BFD1B" box="[382,434,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; De Vito 2006; Gravili 2006;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69F1A0DFDD337FD1A" author="Andreano" box="[859,1038,692,717]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Andreano, F. (2007) Identificazione degli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) nella fascia batimetrica dei 0 - 5 m. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, University of Salento, 152 pp." type="book" year="2007">Andreano 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC6985C0DFDD23BFD1A" author="Gravili" box="[1053,1282,692,717]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC698340DFCD389FD1B" box="[1141,1200,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC6994E0DFDD7EAFD26" author="Stabili" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Stabili, L., Gravili, C., Tredici, S. M., Piraino, S., Tala, A., Boero, F. & Alifano, P. (2008) Epibiotic Vibrio luminous bacteria isolated from some Hydrozoa and Bryozoa species. Microbial Ecology, 56 (4), 625 - 636. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00248 - 008 - 9382 - y" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Stabili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC699200DFCD2A5FD1B" box="[1377,1436,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69CA00D91D645FD26" author="Ventura" box="[225,380,728,752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Ventura, P. (2011) Comparison between hydroid fauna of Porto Cesareo (Ionian Sea) and Otranto (Adriatic Sea). Master thesis submitted for the partial fulfillment of the title of Master of Science in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation within the ERASMUS MUNDUS Master Programme EMBC. [unknown pagination]" type="book" year="2011">Ventura 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69DCD0D9ED551FD26" author="Piraino" box="[396,616,727,752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69DA70D90D51BFD26" box="[486,546,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; this study); Costa Merlata (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC69FF50D9ED396FD26" author="Fraschetti" box="[948,1199,727,752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Fraschetti, S., Giangrande, A., Terlizzi, A., Miglietta, M. P., Della Tommasa, L. & Boero, F. (2002) Spatio-temporal variation of hydroids and polychaetes associated with Cystoseira amentacea (Fucales: Phaeophyceae). Marine Biology, 140 (5), 949 - 957. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00227 - 001 - 0770 - 9" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Fraschetti
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC6986E0D90D35AFD26" box="[1071,1123,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF89FFC698FE0D9ED24AFD26" author="Andreano" box="[1215,1395,727,752]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" refString="Andreano, F. (2007) Identificazione degli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) nella fascia batimetrica dei 0 - 5 m. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, University of Salento, 152 pp." type="book" year="2007">Andreano 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Il Chiapparo (C. Gravili unpublished observations).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF89FFC69C860C56D3E5FCEE" box="[199,1244,799,824]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF89FFC69C860C56D3E5FCEE" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,1149]" box="[199,1244,799,824]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF89FFC69C860C56D602FCEE" bold="true" box="[199,315,799,824]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
For more details about the variability of this species see Ramil & Vervoort (1992).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF89FFC69C860C0DD5B4FBAA" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF89FFC69C860C0DD5B4FBAA" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |