345 lines
35 KiB
XML
345 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="E92F6AB1320065947C4ECD8F729BF6FA" ID-CLB-Dataset="42365" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242729" ID-ZooBank="D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460936415633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano & Boero, Ferdinando" docDate="2015" docId="03F887DEFF78FF299CD60981D4A0FD7E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03908p187.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3908 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Clytia hummelincki Leloup 1935" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="145" masterDocId="FFC1FFA6FFF6FFB99C410F49D739FFD6" masterDocTitle="The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide" masterLastPageNumber="187" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="143" updateTime="1698583517399" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B1A87B6AA36F104120E2BBA130070D94">The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ADFB89C4EF79304280FD1654AFB9013A">Gravili, Cinzia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BFB03D127F6FC88CF7B5A415B2A3482A">Vito, Doris De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F4AC4D116F4CDDDB5CB52629BAF1595C">Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="443C94BB13FFC1FDE4BD3630CF2170C2">Martell, Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="623CB7273BA58885BD6D172843DF5D1D">Piraino, Stefano</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6F41DD6E12C2BC7D56102F6C7AE19ECC">Boero, Ferdinando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="05C80D892E7BD719D561ABB816BF57A0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C9BEA83F64F7C1F32E03658720C67A27">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="24579A353BD1F7663C5ACB2A23CF8BAA">3908</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F887DEFF78FF299CD60981D4A0FD7E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6107194" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119591266" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6107194" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887DEFF78FF299CD60981D4A0FD7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887DEFF78FF299CD60981D4A0FD7E" lastPageId="144" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF78FF379CD60981D564F89E" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379CD60981D578F934" blockId="142.[151,577,1736,1795]" box="[151,577,1736,1762]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
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<heading id="D0A681A4FF78FF379CD60981D578F934" bold="true" box="[151,577,1736,1762]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF78FF379CD60981D578F934" ID-CoL="8SYPF" authority="Leloup, 1935" authorityName="Leloup" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,577,1736,1762]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hummelincki">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379CD60981D578F934" bold="true" box="[151,577,1736,1762]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379CD60981D6BCF934" bold="true" box="[151,389,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Clytia hummelincki</emphasis>
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(Leloup, 1935)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379CD609A3D61FF8D5" blockId="142.[151,577,1736,1795]" box="[151,294,1770,1795]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
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<figureCitation id="136A2A4DFF78FF379CD609A3D7CBF8D5" box="[151,242,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 102" captionStartId="143.[151,250,1493,1515]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,418,1465]" captionTargetId="figure@143.[379,1207,409,1471]" captionTargetPageId="143" captionText="FIGURE 102. Clytia hummelincki: A, colony with gonotheca; B, gonotheca with a medusa-bud; C, newly liberated medusa; D, 11 - day-old medusa; E, 15 - day-old medusa, enlargement of tentacled and atentacled bulbs, and statocysts; F, male mature medusa (modified after Gravili et al. 2008). Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B, C, D, 1.0 mm; F, 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242831/files/figure.png" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Fig. 102</figureCitation>
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A–F
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379CD6087BD564F89E" blockId="142.[151,605,1842,1864]" box="[151,605,1842,1864]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
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See
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379C83087BD676F89E" author="Calder" box="[194,335,1842,1864]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Calder, D. R. (1991) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contribution, 154, i - iv, 1 - 140. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 1352274" type="journal article" year="1991">Calder (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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for a complete synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF78FF379CD6083CD59AF864" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379CD6083CD59AF864" blockId="142.[151,1436,1909,2006]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379CD6083CD6B9F858" bold="true" box="[151,384,1909,1934]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Material examined.</emphasis>
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HCUS-S 109p and HCUS-S
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<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF78FF379E86083FD43EF858" box="[711,775,1910,1934]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" unit="m" value="109.0">109m</quantity>
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(Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula)—polyp and medusa stages.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF78FF369C8608F4D2BFF822" lastPageId="143" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF78FF379C8608F4D481F800" blockId="142.[151,1436,1909,2006]" box="[199,952,1981,2006]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379C8608F4D668F800" bold="true" box="[199,337,1981,2006]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Description</emphasis>
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(based on our own observations;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF78FF379E8A08F4D495F800" author="Gravili" box="[715,940,1981,2006]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
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Gravili
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF78FF379F6008F7D463F800" box="[801,858,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">et al.</emphasis>
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2008b
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
):
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF79FF369C860FDED62BFEB3" blockId="143.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369C860FDED60AFF66" bold="true" box="[199,307,151,176]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Hydroid.</emphasis>
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Hydrorhiza reticular and anastomosed; colony stolonal; pedicels long, with several distal annulations (generally three) and four proximal ones, sub-hydrothecal spherule present, diaphragm oblique; hydranth with peduncled hypostome; with 22 amphicoronate filiform tentacles; hydrotheca short and wide, about 0.35 mm high, 0.30 mm wide, hydrothecal rim smooth. Gonothecae sessile to shortly stalked, truncate, tapering below, 0.8 mm in height and 0.28 mm maximum diameter, with 2 basal annulations, borne on hydrorhiza, only one medusa bud per gonotheca.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF2E6640FF79FF369CD60A9CD351F9FE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242831/files/figure.png" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" targetBox="[384,1203,418,1465]" targetPageId="143">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF79FF369CD60A9CD351F9FE" blockId="143.[151,1436,1493,1576]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369CD60A9CD614FA3C" bold="true" box="[151,301,1493,1515]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">FIGURE 102.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF79FF369D750A9CD6C2FA3D" box="[308,507,1493,1515]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hummelincki">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369D750A9CD6C2FA3D" box="[308,507,1493,1515]" italics="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Clytia hummelincki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369E4B0A9CD524FA3C" bold="true" box="[522,541,1493,1514]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">A</emphasis>
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, colony with gonotheca;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369F630A9CD40AFA3C" bold="true" box="[802,819,1493,1514]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">B</emphasis>
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, gonotheca with a medusa-bud;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF3698C30A9CD3ADFA3D" bold="true" box="[1154,1172,1493,1515]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">C</emphasis>
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, newly liberated medusa;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369CD60ABDD790F9DF" bold="true" box="[151,169,1524,1545]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">D</emphasis>
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, 11-day-old medusa;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369DCB0ABDD6A2F9DF" bold="true" box="[394,411,1524,1545]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">E</emphasis>
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, 15-day-old medusa, enlargement of tentacled and atentacled bulbs, and statocysts;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF3699410ABDD234F9DF" bold="true" box="[1280,1293,1524,1545]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">F</emphasis>
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, male mature medusa (modified after Gravili
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369D96095AD53DF9FE" box="[471,516,1554,1576]" italics="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">et al</emphasis>
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. 2008). Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B, C, D, 1.0 mm; F, 2.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF79FF369C860906D39DF9BE" blockId="143.[151,1437,1615,2036]" box="[199,1188,1615,1640]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369C860906D537F9BE" bold="true" box="[199,526,1615,1640]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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Habitat
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<typeStatus id="54EA886AFF79FF369D6B0906D664F9BE" box="[298,349,1615,1640]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">type</typeStatus>
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and substrate.
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</emphasis>
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Sea urchin barrens (depth: 0.5–
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<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF79FF369F390906D4A6F9BE" box="[888,927,1615,1640]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF79FF369FF70906D3A1F9BE" author="Gravili" box="[950,1176,1615,1640]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
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||
Gravili
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||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF36984F0918D37FF9BE" box="[1038,1094,1615,1640]" italics="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2008b
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF79FF369C86093AD7E3F902" blockId="143.[151,1437,1615,2036]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369C86093AD614F95A" bold="true" box="[199,301,1651,1676]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Medusa.</emphasis>
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Adult. Bell almost spherical, 2.52 mm in diameter and 2.03 mm high; mouth quadratic, with 4 large ondulate lobes;
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<specimenCount id="9D57FD41FF79FF369D0809D1D6ACF966" box="[329,405,1687,1712]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" type="male">4 male</specimenCount>
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oval gonads in the upper side of radial canals; 8 marginal bulbs; 8 statocysts along circular canal.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF79FF369C860996D32BF8B2" blockId="143.[151,1437,1615,2036]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Developmental stages. Newly released with bell almost spherical, 1.24 mm in diameter, 0.85 mm high; manubrium 0.27 mm long; mouth quadratic, with 4 lobes; 4 radial canals; gonads absent; velum about 0.16 mm wide; 8 marginal bulbs (4 large, pyriform, perradial and tentacular ones; 4 small, rounded and interradial); tentacular tips clavate; 8 statocysts along circular canal, with one statolith each.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF79FF369C860826D4D6F87A" blockId="143.[151,1437,1615,2036]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369C860826D602F85E" bold="true" box="[199,315,1903,1928]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Cnidome.</emphasis>
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Small microbasic b-mastigophores on both tentacles and hydranth body (polyp); atrichous isorhizas, microbasic mastigophores, on tentacles and manubrium (medusa).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF79FF369C8608FED3E2F819" blockId="143.[151,1437,1615,2036]" box="[199,1243,1975,2000]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369C8608FED66DF806" bold="true" box="[199,340,1975,2000]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Seasonality.</emphasis>
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June–October (De Vito 2006;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF79FF369EED08FED4B3F806" author="Gravili" box="[684,906,1975,2000]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
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||
Gravili
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||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369F4308F0D402F806" box="[770,827,1975,2000]" italics="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">et al.</emphasis>
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2008b
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</bibRefCitation>
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; this study) in Salento waters.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF79FF369C860892D2BFF822" blockId="143.[151,1437,1615,2036]" box="[199,1414,2011,2036]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF369C860892D6FDF822" bold="true" box="[199,452,2011,2036]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">Reproductive period.</emphasis>
|
||
August, September in Salento waters (De Vito 2006;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF79FF36985E0892D3C7F822" author="Gravili" box="[1055,1278,2011,2036]" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF79FF3698340894D397F822" box="[1141,1198,2011,2036]" italics="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; this study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF66FF299C860FDED3CCFE5E" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF66FF299C860FDED4DAFF2E" blockId="144.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299C860FDED659FF66" bold="true" box="[199,352,151,176]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Circumtropical (West Indies, Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3467658FF66FF299F760FDED4B6FF66" box="[823,911,151,176]" name="Mexico" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3467658FF66FF299FE30FDED4D7FF66" box="[930,1006,151,176]" name="Ghana" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3467658FF66FF2998400FDED3A5FF66" box="[1025,1180,151,176]" name="South Africa" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3467658FF66FF2998EF0FD1D2A1FF66" box="[1198,1432,151,176]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3467658FF66FF299CD60FF5D638FF03" box="[151,257,188,213]" name="Bermuda" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3467658FF66FF299D4C0FF5D66DFF03" box="[269,340,188,213]" name="Brazil" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3467658FF66FF299D200FF5D6E8FF03" box="[353,465,188,213]" name="Indonesia" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Galapagos Islands, and the Mediterranean) (Bouillon
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF2998000FF4D345FF03" box="[1089,1148,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004; Boero
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF29995B0FF4D26DFF03" box="[1306,1364,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299CD60F96D64FFF2E" author="Gravili" box="[151,374,223,248]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299CAC0FA8D61CFF2E" box="[237,293,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299D3B0F96D6B0FF2E" author="Gravili" box="[378,393,223,248]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299DD50F96D55CFF2E" author="Gravili" box="[404,613,223,248]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., Belmonte, G., Cecere, E., Denitto, F., Giangrande, A., Guidetti, P., Longo, C., Mastrototaro, F., Moscatello, S., Petrocelli, A., Piraino, S., Terlizzi, A. & Boero, F. (2010) Nonindigenous species along the Apulian coast, Italy. Chemistry and Ecology, 26 (Supplement), 121 - 142. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 02757541003627654" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299DAA0FA8D51AFF2E" box="[491,547,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299E310F96D4EEFF2E" author="Occhipinti-Ambrogi" box="[624,983,223,248]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A., Marchini, A., Cantone, G., Castelli, A., Chimenz, C., Cormaci, M., Froglia, C., Furnari, G., Gambi, M. C., Giaccone, G., Giangrande, A., Gravili, C., Mastrototaro, F., Mazziotti, C., Orsi-Relini, L. & Piraino, S. (2011) Alien species along the Italian coasts: an overview. Biological Invasions, 13 (1), 215 - 237. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10530 - 010 - 9803 - y" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Occhipinti-Ambrogi
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299F1D0FA8D4ADFF2E" box="[860,916,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF66FF299C860E4DD3CCFE5E" blockId="144.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299C860E4DD684FECB" bold="true" box="[199,445,260,285]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Records in Salento.</emphasis>
|
||
Common at: Torre Lapillo, S.ta Caterina (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299F8D0E4DD3BFFECA" author="Andreano" box="[972,1158,260,285]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Andreano, F. (2007) Identificazione degli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) nella fascia batimetrica dei 0 - 5 m. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, University of Salento, 152 pp." type="book" year="2007">Andreano 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF2998D80E4DD2A9FECB" author="Gravili" box="[1177,1424,260,285]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF2998B60E4CD216FECB" box="[1271,1327,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Sant'Andrea, S. Emiliano,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF66FF299D850E6ED52CFE96" box="[452,533,295,320]" class="Liliopsida" family="Zosteraceae" genus="Zostera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="144" pageNumber="186" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="marina">Marina</taxonomicName>
|
||
di Andrano, Tricase, Tiggiano, Gagliano, S. Maria di Leuca, Torre Suda, Porto Racale,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3467658FF66FF299CB00E05D61EFEB3" box="[241,295,332,357]" name="Iceland" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Isola</collectingCountry>
|
||
di S. Andrea, Grotta Corvine, Punta Longa, S. Isidoro, Porto Cesareo,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3467658FF66FF29987C0E05D34AFEB3" box="[1085,1139,332,357]" name="Iceland" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Isola</collectingCountry>
|
||
della Malva (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF29994C0E05D7DBFE5E" author="Gravili" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF2999250E04D2ADFEB3" box="[1380,1428,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Otranto (De Vito 2006; Gravili 2006;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299EDF0E26D445FE5E" author="Gravili" box="[670,892,367,392]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299EB50E38D415FE5E" box="[756,812,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299FC00E26D4A9FE5E" author="Gravili" box="[897,912,367,392]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299FDA0E26D354FE5E" author="Piraino" box="[923,1133,367,392]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299FB20E38D31AFE5E" box="[1011,1059,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; this study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF66FF299C860EDDD2BAFDEB" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF66FF299C860EDDD2BAFDEB" blockId="144.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299C860EDDD602FE7B" bold="true" box="[199,315,404,429]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The whole life cycle was examined in the present study.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF66FF299F9A0EDCD3B7FE7B" box="[987,1166,404,429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hummelincki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299F9A0EDCD3B7FE7B" box="[987,1166,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">C. hummelincki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a successful invader frequent in shallow sea urchin barrens, where it forms a ‘belt’ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299F250EFED370FE06" author="Gravili" box="[868,1097,439,464]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299FFD0EF0D4CFFE06" box="[956,1014,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The present description, and that reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299D150E95D57FFE23" box="[340,582,476,501]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299DEA0E94D6DCFE23" box="[427,485,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2008b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
do not cover the whole development of the medusa, since complete gonad maturation and spawning were not observed. Indeed, the medusae do not grow easily under laboratory conditions and, probably, their natural diet has much different requirements than what is available in an
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF66FF2998E60D6DD238FDED" box="[1191,1281,548,571]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Artemiidae" genus="Artemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anostraca" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF2998E60D6DD238FDED" box="[1191,1281,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Artemia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-based diet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF66FF299C860D0ED4A0FD7E" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF66FF299C860D0ED4A0FD7E" blockId="144.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299C860D0ED669FDB6" bold="true" box="[199,336,583,608]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">References.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299D1D0D0ED535FDB6" author="Millard" box="[348,524,583,608]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299E5D0D0ED5D9FDB6" author="Cornelius" box="[540,736,583,608]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1982) Hydroids and medusae of the family Campanulariidae recorded from the eastern North Atlantic, with a world synopsis of genera. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Zoology, 42 (2), 37 - 148." type="journal article" year="1982">Cornelius (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF66FF299F500D0ED4BFFDB6" ID-CoL="7P8CT" box="[785,902,583,608]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Laomedea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299F500D0ED4BFFDB6" box="[785,902,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Laomedea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299FDB0D0ED306FDB6" author="Calder" box="[922,1087,583,608]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Calder, D. R. (1991) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contribution, 154, i - iv, 1 - 140. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 1352274" type="journal article" year="1991">Calder (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF2998110D01D27FFDB6" box="[1104,1350,583,608]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Boero, F., Gravili, C., Denitto, F., Miglietta, M. P. & Bouillon, J. (1997 b) The rediscovery of Codonorchis octaedrus (Hydroidomedusae, Anthomedusae, Pandeidae), with an update of the Mediterranean hydroidomedusan biodiversity. Italian Journal of Zoology, 64 (4), 359 - 365. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250009709356223" type="journal article">
|
||
Boero
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF2998E00D00D3E7FDB6" box="[1185,1246,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1997b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Boero (2002), Bouillon
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299D180D24D6A8FD53" box="[345,401,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004), Boero
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299E7C0D24D54CFD53" box="[573,629,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2005), De Vito (2006), Gravili (2006),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF29987C0D25D21CFD53" author="Gravili" box="[1085,1317,620,645]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF2998D20D24D3F5FD53" box="[1171,1228,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2008a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF2999680D25D201FD53" author="Gravili" box="[1321,1336,620,645]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., D'ambrosio, P., Di Camillo, C., Renna, G., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2008 b) Clytia hummelincki (Hydroidomedusae: Leptomedusae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88 (8), 1547 - 1553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408001975" type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF29990D0D25D61AFD7E" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Gravili, C., Belmonte, G., Cecere, E., Denitto, F., Giangrande, A., Guidetti, P., Longo, C., Mastrototaro, F., Moscatello, S., Petrocelli, A., Piraino, S., Terlizzi, A. & Boero, F. (2010) Nonindigenous species along the Apulian coast, Italy. Chemistry and Ecology, 26 (Supplement), 121 - 142. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 02757541003627654" type="journal article">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299CD60DD8D7F6FD7E" box="[151,207,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299D6F0DC6D59CFD7E" box="[302,677,655,680]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A., Marchini, A., Cantone, G., Castelli, A., Chimenz, C., Cormaci, M., Froglia, C., Furnari, G., Gambi, M. C., Giaccone, G., Giangrande, A., Gravili, C., Mastrototaro, F., Mazziotti, C., Orsi-Relini, L. & Piraino, S. (2011) Alien species along the Italian coasts: an overview. Biological Invasions, 13 (1), 215 - 237. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10530 - 010 - 9803 - y" type="journal article">
|
||
Occhipinti-Ambrogi
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299E5B0DD8D56BFD7E" box="[538,594,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF66FF299EF00DC6D4ACFD7E" box="[689,917,655,680]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF66FF299F490DD8D400FD7E" box="[776,825,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |