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<document id="B1A51ED13BF79D33E77A0844689BBD80" ID-CLB-Dataset="42365" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242729" ID-ZooBank="D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460936415633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano &amp; Boero, Ferdinando" docDate="2015" docId="03F887DEFF57FF1B9CD60C2CD25AFC8A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03908p187.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3908 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Liriope tetraphylla Chamisso and Eysenhardt 1821" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="163" masterDocId="FFC1FFA6FFF6FFB99C410F49D739FFD6" masterDocTitle="The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide" masterLastPageNumber="187" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="162" updateTime="1698583517399" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1FED77F0F994C1455B0E3AC3D15B8AC7">The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="557D4B8AD0BC2E4D1317358326C68E0D">Gravili, Cinzia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D7E1F810A04BC4DCAEFE50D07957A236">Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF57FF189CD60C2CD611FC49" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF57FF189CD60C2CD41CFCA9" blockId="161.[151,805,869,928]" box="[151,805,869,895]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
<heading id="D0A681A4FF57FF189CD60C2CD41CFCA9" bold="true" box="[151,805,869,895]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF57FF189CD60C2CD41CFCA9" authority="Chamisso and Eysenhardt, 1821" authorityName="Chamisso and Eysenhardt" authorityYear="1821" box="[151,805,869,895]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Geryoniidae" genus="Liriope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trachymedusae" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetraphylla">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF57FF189CD60C2CD41CFCA9" bold="true" box="[151,805,869,895]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF57FF189CD60C2CD641FCA9" bold="true" box="[151,376,869,895]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Liriope tetraphylla</emphasis>
(Chamisso and Eysenhardt, 1821)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF57FF189CD60CCED611FC49" blockId="161.[151,805,869,928]" box="[151,296,903,928]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
<figureCitation id="136A2A4DFF57FF189CD60CCED7CDFC76" box="[151,244,903,928]" captionStart="FIGURE 115" captionStartId="161.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[373,1212,989,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@161.[368,1219,983,1890]" captionTargetPageId="161" captionText="FIGURE 115. Liriope tetraphylla: A, general view of adult medusa; B, terminal portion of a hollow perradial tentacle (redrawn and modified: A after Trègouboff &amp; Rose 1957, B after Russell 1953 by A. Gennari). Scale bars: 1.0 cm. See Kramp (1961) for a complete synonymy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242844/files/figure.png" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
A, B
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2E6640FF57FF189CD6083ED559F81D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242844/files/figure.png" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" targetBox="[373,1212,989,1884]" targetPageId="161">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF57FF189CD6083ED559F81D" blockId="161.[151,1436,1911,1995]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF57FF189CD6083ED613F85A" bold="true" box="[151,298,1911,1933]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">FIGURE 115.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF57FF189D710830D6D6F85B" box="[304,495,1911,1934]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Geryoniidae" genus="Liriope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trachymedusae" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetraphylla">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF57FF189D710830D6D6F85B" box="[304,495,1911,1934]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Liriope tetraphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF57FF189DBD083ED537F85A" bold="true" box="[508,526,1911,1932]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">A</emphasis>
, general view of adult medusa;
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF57FF189F0F0831D467F85B" bold="true" box="[846,862,1912,1933]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">B</emphasis>
, terminal portion of a hollow perradial tentacle (redrawn and modified: A after Trègouboff &amp; Rose 1957, B after Russell 1953 by A. Gennari). Scale bars: 1.0 cm. See Kramp (1961) for a complete synonymy.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF54FF1B9CD60FDED2ACFF66" box="[151,1429,151,176]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF54FF1B9CD60FDED2ACFF66" blockId="162.[151,1437,151,861]" box="[151,1429,151,176]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9CD60FDED6B9FF66" bold="true" box="[151,384,151,176]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Material examined.</emphasis>
HCUS-S 121 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF54FF1B9C860FF5D4E3FDEB" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF54FF1B9C860FF5D315FF02" blockId="162.[151,1437,151,861]" box="[199,1068,188,213]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9C860FF5D668FF03" bold="true" box="[199,337,188,213]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Description</emphasis>
(after
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9DDD0FF4D51DFF02" author="Mayer" box="[412,548,188,213]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1910) Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae. Vol. I &amp; II. Washington, Carnegie Institution, 735 pp." type="book" year="1910">Mayer 1910</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF54FF1B9E080FF4D58BFF02" box="[585,690,189,212]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Geryoniidae" genus="Liriope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trachymedusae" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="exigua">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9E080FF4D58BFF02" box="[585,690,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">L. exigua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9E810FF4D468FF03" author="Kramp" box="[704,849,188,213]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1959) The Hydromedusae of the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent waters. Dana-Report, 46, 1 - 283." type="journal article" year="1959">Kramp 1959</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9F1D0FF5D319FF02" author="Pages" box="[860,1056,188,213]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Pages, F., Gili, J. M. &amp; Bouillon, J. (1992) Medusae (Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa) of the Benguela Current (southeastern Atlantic). In: Pages, F., Gili, J. - M. &amp; Bouillon, J. (Eds.), Planktonic Cnidarians of the Benguela Current. Scientia Marina, 56 (Supplement 1), pp. 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1992">
Pagès
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9FE50FF4D4E5FF03" box="[932,988,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">et al.</emphasis>
1992
</bibRefCitation>
):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF54FF1B9C860F96D263FE7B" blockId="162.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9C860F96D614FF2E" bold="true" box="[199,301,223,248]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Medusa.</emphasis>
Umbrella hemispherical,
<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF54FF1B9E2F0FA9D5C8FF21" box="[622,753,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">1030 mm</quantity>
wide, apex somewhat flattened, mesoglea thick, rigid; manubrium small, on long, cylindrical gastric peduncle, longer than umbrella diameter; mouth with 4 simple lips boarded with cnidocysts; with normally 4 radial canals (sometimes more) and 17 centripetal canals between each pair of adjacent radial canals; gonads variable in shape and size, generally heart-shaped, on either side of the middle of radial canals; velum broad; with marginal cnidocyst ring; typically 4 long hollow perradial tentacles with cnidocyst rings and 4 small solid interradial tentacles with adaxial cnidocyst clusters; 8 statocysts. Colorless.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF54FF1B9C860EFED462FE06" blockId="162.[151,1437,151,861]" box="[199,859,439,464]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9C860EFED60DFE06" bold="true" box="[199,308,439,464]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Cnidome</emphasis>
Atrichous haplonemes and microbasic euryteles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF54FF1B9C860E95D43DFDCE" blockId="162.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9C860E95D677FE23" bold="true" box="[199,334,476,501]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Seasonality</emphasis>
JanuaryDecember (see Bouillon
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9E8E0E94D439FE23" box="[719,768,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">et al</emphasis>
. 2004); MayJune (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9F9E0E95D387FE23" author="Benovic" box="[991,1214,476,501]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Benovic, A., Lucic, D., Onofri, V., Batistic, M. &amp; Njire, J. (2005) Bathymetric distribution of medusae in the open waters of the middle and south Adriatic Sea during spring 2002. Journal of Plankton Research, 27 (1), 79 - 89. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / plankt / fbh 153" type="journal article" year="2005">
Benović
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B98050E94D345FE23" box="[1092,1148,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
); January (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B99760E95D7CCFDCE" author="Touzri" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Touzri, C., Yahia, O. K. D., Hamdi, H., Goy, J. &amp; Yahia, M. N. D. (2010) Spatio-temporal distribution of Medusae (Cnidaria) in the Bay of Bizerte (South Western Mediterranean Sea). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 51, 167 - 176." type="journal article" year="2010">
Touzri
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B99C90E94D794FDCE" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
) in several localities of the Mediterranean Sea.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF54FF1B9C860D6DD4E3FDEB" blockId="162.[151,1437,151,861]" box="[199,986,548,573]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9C860D6DD6FDFDEB" bold="true" box="[199,452,548,573]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Reproductive period.</emphasis>
From January to December (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9F760D6DD4F4FDEB" author="Russell" box="[823,973,548,573]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Russell, F. S. (1953) The medusae of the British Isles, Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae. London, Cambridge University Press, 530 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1126 / science. 119.3095.562" type="book" year="1953">Russell 1953</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF54FF1B9C860D0ED31DFD7E" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF54FF1B9C860D0ED4BFFD52" blockId="162.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9C860D0ED659FDB6" bold="true" box="[199,352,583,608]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Distribution.</emphasis>
Common in temperate regions in all oceans, and in the Mediterranean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B98EC0D0ED27AFDB6" author="Russell" box="[1197,1347,583,608]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Russell, F. S. (1953) The medusae of the British Isles, Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae. London, Cambridge University Press, 530 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1126 / science. 119.3095.562" type="book" year="1953">Russell 1953</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B990F0D01D7EBFD53" author="Kramp" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1959) The Hydromedusae of the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent waters. Dana-Report, 46, 1 - 283." type="journal article" year="1959">Kramp 1959</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9C9C0D25D621FD53" author="Kramp" box="[221,280,620,645]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1961) Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 40, 1 - 469. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400007347" type="journal article" year="1961">1961</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9D650D25D5B2FD53" author="Medel" box="[292,651,620,645]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Medel, M. D. &amp; Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (1996) Updated catalogue of the Hydrozoans from the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands with remarks on zoogeography and affinities. Scientia Marina, 60 (1), 183 - 209." type="journal article" year="1996">Medel &amp; López-González 1996</bibRefCitation>
; Bouillon
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9EBE0D24D40EFD53" box="[767,823,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">et al.</emphasis>
2004).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF54FF1B9C860DC6D31DFD7E" blockId="162.[151,1437,151,861]" box="[199,1060,655,680]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9C860DC6D697FD7E" bold="true" box="[199,430,655,680]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Records in Salento.</emphasis>
Common in the Gulf of Taranto (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9F670DC6D32EFD7E" author="Belmonte" box="[806,1047,655,680]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Belmonte, G., Fanelli, G., Gravili, C. &amp; Rubino, F. (2001) Composition, distribution and seasonality of zooplankton in Taranto seas (Ionian Sea). Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 8 (1), 352 - 362." type="journal article" year="2001">
Belmonte
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9FDD0DD8D4F4FD7E" box="[924,973,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">et al</emphasis>
. 2001
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF54FF1B9C860DFDD25AFC8A" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF54FF1B9C860DFDD25AFC8A" blockId="162.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9C860DFDD669FD1B" bold="true" box="[199,336,692,717]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">References.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9D170DFCD6C8FD1A" author="Mayer" box="[342,497,692,717]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1910) Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae. Vol. I &amp; II. Washington, Carnegie Institution, 735 pp." type="book" year="1910">Mayer (1910)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF54FF1B9E560DFCD546FD1A" box="[535,639,693,716]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Geryoniidae" genus="Liriope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trachymedusae" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="exigua">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9E560DFCD546FD1A" box="[535,639,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">L. exigua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9ECC0DFDD41CFD1A" author="Neppi" box="[653,805,692,717]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Neppi, V. (1912) Adriatische Hydromedusen. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematischnaturwissenschaft Klasse, 121 (8), 707 - 734." type="journal article" year="1912">Neppi (1912)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9F700DFDD306FD1A" author="Neppi" box="[817,1087,692,717]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Neppi, V. &amp; Stiasny, G. (1913) Die Hydromedusen des Golfes von Triest. Arbeiten aus der Zoologischen Instituten der Universiiat Wien und der Zoologischen Station in Triest, 20 (1), 23 - 92." type="journal article" year="1913">Neppi &amp; Stiasny (1913)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B980A0DFDD3F3FD1A" author="Pell" box="[1099,1226,692,717]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Pell, M. (1918) Hydromedusae of Hungarian Adriatic (' Najade') Expeditions 1913, 1914. Kuloonlenyomat az Allatani Kozlemenyek, Budapest, 17, 22 - 32, 92 - 93." type="journal article" year="1918">Pell (1918)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B98970DFDD240FD1A" author="Babnik" box="[1238,1401,692,717]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Babnik, P. (1948) Hidromeduze iz srednjega in junega Jadrana v letih 1939 in 1940. Hydromedusae from the middle and South Adriatic 1939 and 1940. Acta Adriatica, 3 (9), 275 - 340." type="journal article" year="1948">Babnik (1948)</bibRefCitation>
all as
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF54FF1B9CF40D90D61EFD26" box="[181,295,727,752]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Geryoniidae" genus="Liriope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trachymedusae" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="eurybia">
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF54FF1B9CF40D90D61EFD26" box="[181,295,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">L. eurybia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9D770D9ED55AFD26" author="Tregouboff" box="[310,611,727,752]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Tregouboff, G. &amp; Rose, M. (1957) Manuel de Planctonologie Mediterraneenne. Tome I &amp; II. C. N. R. S., Paris, 587 pp. &amp; 31 pls. [pls. 62 - 93]." type="book chapter" year="1957">Trégouboff &amp; Rose (1957)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9E2E0D91D431FD26" author="Kramp" box="[623,776,727,752]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1957) Some Mediterranean Hydromedusae collected by A. K. Totton in 1954 and 1956. Videnskabelige Meddelelser Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 119, 115 - 128." type="journal article" year="1957">Kramp (1957</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9F520D9ED477FD26" author="Kramp" box="[787,846,727,752]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1961) Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 40, 1 - 469. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400007347" type="journal article" year="1961">1961</bibRefCitation>
),
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9F230D91D4DCFD26" author="Goy" box="[866,997,728,752]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Goy, J. (1973) Les Hydromeduses de la mer Ligure. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Serie 3 (Zoologie), 83 (62), 965 - 1008." type="journal article" year="1973">Goy (1973)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9FB00D9ED235FD26" box="[1009,1292,727,752]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Castello, I &amp; Tortella, G. (1986) Cnidarios planctonicos de superficie: Faunistica y factores de distribucion en la costa Catalana. Memoria realizada por D. Gabriel Castello i Tortella para optar al grade de Licenciado por la facultad de Biologia de la Universidad de Barcelona, 201 pp." type="book">Castello i Tortella (1986)</bibRefCitation>
, Gili (1986), Benović &amp; Bender (1987),
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF54FF1B9D900DB5D5D6FCC2" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[465,751,764,789]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1987) Seasonal distribution of hydromedusae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Gulf of Naples and vicinity, with observations on sexual and asexual reproduction in some species. In: Bouillon, J., Boero, F., Cicogna, F. &amp; Cornelius, P. F. S. (Eds.), Modern trends in the Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Hydroids and Hydromedusae. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 133 - 141." type="book chapter" year="1987">Brinckmann-Voss (1987)</bibRefCitation>
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, de
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>